Record producer
A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performer's music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has varying roles during the recording process, they may gather musical ideas for the project, collaborate with the artists to select cover tunes or original songs by the artist/group, work with artists and help them to improve their songs, lyrics or arrangements. A producer may also: Select session musicians to play rhythm section accompaniment parts or solos Co-write Propose changes to the song arrangements Coach the singers and musicians in the studioThe producer supervises the entire process from preproduction, through to the sound recording and mixing stages, and, in some cases, all the way to the audio mastering stage; the producer may perform these roles themselves, or help select the engineer, provide suggestions to the engineer. The producer may pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record label's budget.
A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording and production of a band or performer's music. A producer has many roles that may include, but are not limited to, gathering ideas for the project, composing the music for the project, selecting songs or session musicians, proposing changes to the song arrangements, coaching the artist and musicians in the studio, controlling the recording sessions, supervising the entire process through audio mixing and, in some cases, to the audio mastering stage. Producers often take on a wider entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules and negotiations. Writer Chris Deville explains it, "Sometimes a producer functions like a creative consultant — someone who helps a band achieve a certain aesthetic, or who comes up with the perfect violin part to complement the vocal melody, or who insists that a chorus should be a bridge. Other times a producer will build a complete piece of music from the ground up and present the finished product to a vocalist, like Metro Boomin supplying Future with readymade beats or Jack Antonoff letting Taylor Swift add lyrics and melody to an otherwise-finished “Out Of The Woods.”The artist of an album may not be a record producer or music producer for his/her album.
While both contribute creatively, the official credit of "record producer" may depend on the record contract. Christina Aguilera, for example, did not receive record producer credits until many albums into her career. In the 2010s, the producer role is sometimes divided among up to three different individuals: executive producer, vocal producer and music producer. An executive producer oversees project finances, a vocal producers oversees the vocal production, a music producer oversees the creative process of recording and mixings; the music producer is often a competent arranger, musician or songwriter who can bring fresh ideas to a project. As well as making any songwriting and arrangement adjustments, the producer selects and/or collaborates with the mixing engineer, who takes the raw recorded tracks and edits and modifies them with hardware and software tools to create a stereo or surround sound "mix" of all the individual voices sounds and instruments, in turn given further adjustment by a mastering engineer for the various distribution media.
The producer oversees the recording engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as "the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record", like a director would a movie. Indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation is music director; the music producer's job is to create and mold a piece of music. The scope of responsibility may be one or two songs or an artist's entire album – in which case the producer will develop an overall vision for the album and how the various songs may interrelate. At the beginning of record industry, the producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live; the immediate predecessors to record producers were the artists and repertoire executives of the late 1920s and 1930s who oversaw the "pop" product and led session orchestras. That was the case of Ben Selvin at Columbia Records, Nathaniel Shilkret at Victor Records and Bob Haring at Brunswick Records.
By the end of the 1930s, the first professional recording studios not owned by the major companies were established separating the roles of A&R man and producer, although it wouldn't be until the late 1940s when the term "producer" became used in the industry. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1960s due to technology; the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously. All of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio where the performance was recorded. With multitrack recording, the "bed tracks" (rhythm section accompaniment parts such as the bassline and rhythm guitar could be recorded first, the vocals and solos could be added using as many "takes" as necessary, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. A pop band could record their backing tracks one week, a horn section could be brought in a week to add horn shots and punches, a string section could be brought in a week after that.
Multitrack recording had another pro
RBD
RBD was a Latin pop group from Mexico that gained popularity from Televisa's soap opera Rebelde, found international success from 2004 until their separation in 2009. RBD has sold over 60 million Records worldwide, making them the most successful Latin pop group of all-time. In November 2004 they release. In September 2005 they release their second studio album, Nuestro Amor, receiving their first nomination in the Latin Grammy Awards. In 2006 they release Celestial; the album's lead single, "Ser o Parecer", topped the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart for two consecutive weeks. In the same year they released Rebels. In 2007 they released Empezar Desde Cero, being nominated again in the Latin Grammy Awards, in 2009 their last album entitled Para Olvidarte De Mí; the members are popular Mexican actors and singers Anahí, Dulce María, Christian Chávez, Alfonso Herrera, Christopher von Uckermann, Maite Perroni. The band was formed on October 30, 2004, on August 15, 2008, RBD announced through a press release that they would disband in March 10, 2009.
RBD was formed on October 2004, following the premiere of the Mexican soap opera, Rebelde. The members were Dulce María, Anahí, Maite Perroni, Christian Chávez, Alfonso Herrera, Christopher von Uckermann; the band released their debut single, "Rebelde" was released one month before they were put together. Their first album Rebelde, was released on November 11, 2004 by EMI. All four singles were number one hits in Mexico. Rebelde sold well in the United States, reaching #95 on the Billboard 200 and reaching number two on the Latin Albums chart. In July 2005 a live CD/DVD, Tour Generación RBD En Vivo was released documenting their tour around Mexico, they released their second studio album, Nuestro Amor on September 22, 2005. This album set new record sales in Mexico, selling 127,000 copies on its release day, ←160,000 copies within its first week. In the U. S. the album topped the Latin Albums Chart for 3 weeks and peaked at #88 on the Billboard 200. The first four singles reached number one in Mexico.
In the United States "Nuestro Amor", "Aún Hay Algo" and "Este Corazón" charted on the Hot Latin chart at #6, #24 and #10 respectively. With the success of Rebelde, the group used the hiatus between the first and second season to release Nuestro Amor, which included twelve songs plus "Una Canción", "Liso, Sensual". 2006 brought RBD a nomination for the Latin Grammy Awards in the category "Best Pop Album by a Group or Duo" for Nuestro Amor. They performed a new version of "Tras de Mí" at the ceremony. Rebelde and Nosso Amor RebeldeIn November 2005 a Portuguese language version of their debut album was released under the title Brazilian Edition. In early 2006, RBD went on tour around the U. S. for the first time. The tour was released as a CD/DVD in April under the title Live in Hollywood, it peaked at number 6 on the Latin Albums Chart. Since that year, former pop-rock singer Lynda Thomas became a recurring contributor for RBD, she had been working uncredited with the band since their debut album, but the first song, credited to her, was the single "No Pares", written by Lynda herself and performed by Dulce María.
In May 2006, they released a Portuguese version of Nuestro Amor, entitled Nosso Amor Rebelde, intended for the Brazilian market. Nosso Amor Rebelde is their second album in Portuguese. Released only in Brazil, the album contains Portuguese versions of 11 songs from Nuestro Amor. In November 2006, they released their third studio album Celestial produced and directed by Carlos Lara which debuted at number 15 in the Billboard 200, marking first-week sales of over 137,000 copies in the U. S. 2006 brought RBD a nomination for the Latin Grammy Awards in the category "Best Pop Album by a Group or Duo" for Nuestro Amor. They performed a new version of "Tras de Mí" at the ceremony. Rebelde and Nosso Amor RebeldeIn November 2005 a Portuguese language version of their debut album was released under the title Brazilian Edition. In early 2006, RBD went on tour around the U. S. for the first time. The tour was released as a CD/DVD in April under the title Live in Hollywood, it peaked at number 6 on the Latin Albums Chart.
In May 2006, they released a Portuguese version of Nuestro Amor, entitled Brazilian Edition, intended for the Brazilian market. Nosso Amor Rebelde is their second album in Portuguese. Released only in Brazil, the album contains Portuguese versions of 11 songs from Nuestro Amor; the album however did not have a full week of album sales, due to its Friday release. Despite this, it became their first album to peak or chart within the top 20 of the Billboard 200. Celestial is the third album in Spanish of the Mexican group RBD, the first to be launched in all the countries in which the group is known. Three singles were released: "Ser o Parecer", "Celestial" and "Bésame Sin Miedo" One month in December 2006 a Portuguese language edition of the album was released for the Brazilian market called Celestial; this 3rd album in Portuguese was the first to be recorded in Brazil. From their tour of Brazil, RBD released a DVD entitled Live in Rio, they were honored for selling over 2.5 million copies of their albums and DVDs in Brazil.
In Spain, Rebelde spent 5 weeks on the top of the charts going 3x Platinum for sales over 240,000, Nuestro Amor sold enough to be certified 2x Platinum, while Celestial, has been certified Platinum. In December 2006, they released their first English albu
Mexico
Mexico the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States. Covering 2,000,000 square kilometres, the nation is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world. With an estimated population of over 120 million people, the country is the eleventh most populous state and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world, while being the second most populous nation in Latin America after Brazil. Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and Mexico City, a special federal entity, the capital city and its most populous city. Other metropolises in the state include Guadalajara, Puebla, Tijuana and León. Pre-Columbian Mexico dates to about 8000 BC and is identified as one of five cradles of civilization and was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations such as the Olmec, Teotihuacan, Zapotec and Aztec before first contact with Europeans. In 1521, the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its politically powerful base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan, administered as the viceroyalty of New Spain.
Three centuries the territory became a nation state following its recognition in 1821 after the Mexican War of Independence. The post-independence period was tumultuous, characterized by economic inequality and many contrasting political changes; the Mexican–American War led to a territorial cession of the extant northern territories to the United States. The Pastry War, the Franco-Mexican War, a civil war, two empires, the Porfiriato occurred in the 19th century; the Porfiriato was ended by the start of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system as a federal, democratic republic. Mexico has the 11th largest by purchasing power parity; the Mexican economy is linked to those of its 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement partners the United States. In 1994, Mexico became the first Latin American member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, it is classified as an upper-middle income country by the World Bank and a newly industrialized country by several analysts.
The country is considered both a regional power and a middle power, is identified as an emerging global power. Due to its rich culture and history, Mexico ranks first in the Americas and seventh in the world for number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Mexico is an ecologically megadiverse country, ranking fourth in the world for its biodiversity. Mexico receives a huge number of tourists every year: in 2018, it was the sixth most-visited country in the world, with 39 million international arrivals. Mexico is a member of the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the G8+5, the G20, the Uniting for Consensus group of the UN, the Pacific Alliance trade bloc. Mēxihco is the Nahuatl term for the heartland of the Aztec Empire, namely the Valley of Mexico and surrounding territories, with its people being known as the Mexica, it is believed to be a toponym for the valley which became the primary ethnonym for the Aztec Triple Alliance as a result, although it could have been the other way around.
In the colonial era, back when Mexico was called New Spain this territory became the Intendency of Mexico and after New Spain achieved independence from the Spanish Empire it came to be known as the State of Mexico with the new country being named after its capital: the City of Mexico, which itself was founded in 1524 on top of the ancient Mexica capital of Mexico-Tenochtitlan. Traditionally, the name Tenochtitlan was thought to come from Nahuatl tetl and nōchtli and is thought to mean "Among the prickly pears rocks". However, one attestation in the late 16th-century manuscript known as "the Bancroft dialogues" suggests the second vowel was short, so that the true etymology remains uncertain; the suffix -co is the Nahuatl locative, making the word a place name. Beyond that, the etymology is uncertain, it has been suggested that it is derived from Mextli or Mēxihtli, a secret name for the god of war and patron of the Mexica, Huitzilopochtli, in which case Mēxihco means "place where Huitzilopochtli lives".
Another hypothesis suggests that Mēxihco derives from a portmanteau of the Nahuatl words for "moon" and navel. This meaning might refer to Tenochtitlan's position in the middle of Lake Texcoco; the system of interconnected lakes, of which Texcoco formed the center, had the form of a rabbit, which the Mesoamericans pareidolically associated with the moon rabbit. Still another hypothesis suggests that the word is derived from Mēctli, the name of the goddess of maguey; the name of the city-state was transliterated to Spanish as México with the phonetic value of the letter x in Medieval Spanish, which represented the voiceless postalveolar fricative. This sound, as well as the voiced postalveolar fricative, represented by a j, evolved into a voiceless velar fricative during the 16th century; this led to the use of the variant Méjico in many publications in Spanish, most notably in Spain, whereas in Mexico and most other Spanish–speaking countries, México was the preferred spelling. In recent years, the Real Academia Española, which regulates the Spanish l
Colombia
Colombia the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America. Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama, to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru, it shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica, Honduras, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic. Colombia is a unitary, constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments, with the capital in Bogota. Colombia has been inhabited by various indigenous peoples since 12,000 BCE, including the Muisca and the Tairona, along with the Inca Empire that expanded to the southwest of the country; the Spanish arrived in 1499 and by the mid-16th century conquered and colonized much of the region, establishing the New Kingdom of Granada, with Santafé de Bogotá as its capital. Independence from Spain was achieved in 1819, but by 1830 the "Gran Colombia" Federation was dissolved, with what is now Colombia and Panama emerging as the Republic of New Granada.
The new nation experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation, the United States of Colombia, before the Republic of Colombia was declared in 1886. Panama seceded in 1903. Beginning in the 1960s, the country suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict and rampant political violence, both of which escalated in the 1990s. Since 2005, there has been significant improvement in security and rule of law. Colombia is one of the most ethnically and linguistically diverse countries in the world, with its rich cultural heritage reflecting influences by indigenous peoples, European settlement, forced African migration, immigration from Europe and the Middle East. Urban centres are located in the highlands of the Andes mountains and the Caribbean coast. Colombia is among the world's 17 megadiverse countries, the most densely biodiverse per square kilometer. Colombia is a middle power and regional actor in Latin America, it is part of the CIVETS group of six leading emerging markets and a member of the UN, the WTO, the OAS, the Pacific Alliance, other international organizations.
Colombia's diversified economy is the fourth largest in Latin America, with macroeconomic stability and favorable long-term growth prospects. The name "Colombia" is derived from the last name of Christopher Columbus, it was conceived by the Venezuelan revolutionary Francisco de Miranda as a reference to all the New World, but to those portions under Spanish rule. The name was adopted by the Republic of Colombia of 1819, formed from the territories of the old Viceroyalty of New Granada; when Venezuela and Cundinamarca came to exist as independent states, the former Department of Cundinamarca adopted the name "Republic of New Granada". New Granada changed its name in 1858 to the Granadine Confederation. In 1863 the name was again changed, this time to United States of Colombia, before adopting its present name – the Republic of Colombia – in 1886. To refer to this country, the Colombian government uses the terms Colombia and República de Colombia. Owing to its location, the present territory of Colombia was a corridor of early human migration from Mesoamerica and the Caribbean to the Andes and Amazon basin.
The oldest archaeological finds are from the Pubenza and El Totumo sites in the Magdalena Valley 100 kilometres southwest of Bogotá. These sites date from the Paleoindian period. At Puerto Hormiga and other sites, traces from the Archaic Period have been found. Vestiges indicate that there was early occupation in the regions of El Abra and Tequendama in Cundinamarca; the oldest pottery discovered in the Americas, found at San Jacinto, dates to 5000–4000 BCE. Indigenous people inhabited the territory, now Colombia by 12,500 BCE. Nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes at the El Abra, Tibitó and Tequendama sites near present-day Bogotá traded with one another and with other cultures from the Magdalena River Valley. Between 5000 and 1000 BCE, hunter-gatherer tribes transitioned to agrarian societies. Beginning in the 1st millennium BCE, groups of Amerindians including the Muisca, Zenú, Tairona developed the political system of cacicazgos with a pyramidal structure of power headed by caciques; the Muisca inhabited the area of what is now the Departments of Boyacá and Cundinamarca high plateau where they formed the Muisca Confederation.
They farmed maize, potato and cotton, traded gold, blankets, ceramic handicrafts and rock salt with neighboring nations. The Tairona inhabited northern Colombia in the isolated mountain range of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; the Quimbaya inhabited regions of the Cauca River Valley between the Western and Central Ranges of the Colombian Andes. Most of the Amerindians practiced agriculture and the social structure of each indigenous community was different; some groups of indigenous people such as the Caribs lived in a state of permanent war, but others had less bellicose attitudes. The Incas expanded their empire onto the southwest part of the country. Alonso de Ojeda reached the Guajira Peninsula in 1499. Spanish explorers, led by Rodrigo de Bastidas, made the first exploration
David Summers Rodríguez
David Summers Rodríguez is a Spanish musician, singer-songwriter, bassist. He is best known as the lead vocalist of the Spanish pop rock band Hombres G. Summers was born in the Chamberí district of Madrid, Spain, to Manuel Summers Rivero, a Spanish film director and screenwriter of English descent, Consuelo Rodríguez Marquez on 26 February 1964. Summers married Marta Madruga on 18 January 1992 and they're the parents of twins and Lucía, born in 2000. Madruga played the role of Summers' girlfriend in the 1987 film Sufre Mamón and it is speculated that she is the subject of such songs as "Marta tiene un marcapasos"; when David was in his late teens, he and three other friends formed a group by the name of "Los Residuos". After that project was abandoned, Dani Mezquita, Javi Molina formed a second group called "La Burguesía Revolucionaria". However, the three alone were not successful. Summers met Rafael Gutierrez in 1982 while they were both conducting business at Television Española and the two became friends.
Rafa accepted David's invitation to join the rest of the group and they renamed themselves "Hombres G" after the 1935 James Cagney movie, G Men. Summers' songwriting lead and the newly launched label, Producciones Twins, helped the quartet establish a successful music career; the group's early work encompassed a juvenile and goofy nature, which set them apart as a distinct musical act. Releasing seven albums and two movies through the year 1992, the group became one of the most popular Spanish groups of the 1980s – evident by strong sales and a responsive fan community; the group reconvened in 2002 to tour America and Spain. To this day, Hombres G continue to release new material. David pursued a solo career after Hombres G broke up in 1993; the only member to remain involved in the recording of music, Summers released three studio albums and one live album. The recording of his first album, David Summers concurred with the death of his father, for that reason Summers dedicated the album to him.
Most of his solo work has been described as romantic and melodious. Summers has composed for the likes of Presuntos Implicados. Hombres G La cagaste... Burt Lancaster Estamos locos... ¿o qué? Agitar antes de usar Voy a pasármelo bien Esta es tú vida Historia del bikini Peligrosamente Juntos Todo esto es muy extraño 10 Desayuno continental David Summers Perdido en el espacio En directo desde el Metropolitan Basado en hechos reales Sufre Mamón Suéltate el pelo
RIAA certification
In the United States, the Recording Industry Association of America awards certification based on the number of albums and singles sold through retail and other ancillary markets. Other countries have similar awards. Certification is not automatic; the audit is conducted against net shipments after returns, which includes albums sold directly to retailers and one-stops, direct-to-consumer sales and other outlets. A Gold record is album that managed to sell 500,000 units; the award was launched in 1958. In 1975, the additional requirement of 500,000 units sold was added for Gold albums. Reflecting growth in record sales, the Platinum award was added in 1976, for albums able to sell one million units, singles selling two million units; the Multi-Platinum award was introduced in 1984, signifying multiple Platinum levels of albums and singles. In 1989, the sales thresholds for singles were reduced to 500,000 for Gold and 1,000,000 for Platinum, reflecting a decrease in sales of singles. In 1992, RIAA began counting each disc in a multi-disc set as one unit toward certification.
Reflecting additional growth in music sales, the Diamond award was instituted in 1999 for albums or singles selling ten million units. Because of these changes in criteria, the sales level associated with a particular award depends on when the award was made. Nielsen SoundScan figures are not used in RIAA certification. Prior to Nielsen SoundScan, RIAA certification was the only audited and verifiable system for tracking music sales in the U. S.. This system has allowed, at times, for record labels to promote an album as Gold or Platinum based on large shipments. For instance, in 1978 the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band soundtrack shipped Platinum but was a sales bust, with two million returns. All four solo albums by the members of Kiss shipped Platinum that same year but did not reach the top 20 of the Billboard 200 album chart; the following year, the RIAA began requiring 120 days from the release date before recordings were eligible for certification, although that requirement has been reduced over the years and stands at 30 days.
Sony was criticized in 1995 for hyping Michael Jackson's double album HIStory as five times Platinum, based on shipments of 2.5 million and using the RIAA's adopted practice of counting each disc toward certification, while SoundScan was reporting only 1.3 million copies sold. A similar discrepancy between shipments and sales was reported with The Lion King soundtrack. 500,000 units: Gold album 1,000,000 units: Platinum album 2,000,000+ units: Multi-Platinum album 10,000,000 units: Diamond albumFor further information, see Music recording sales certification. Multi-disc albums are counted once for each disc within the album if it is over 100 minutes in length or is from the vinyl era. For example, The Smashing Pumpkins's Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness and OutKast's Speakerboxxx/The Love Below, both double albums, were counted twice, meaning each album was certified diamond after 5 million copies were shipped. Pink Floyd's The Wall and The Beatles' White Album, both vinyl-era, are counted double though their running times are under the minimum requirement.
Rules may not apply depending on most recent staff within the Distributions position. Since 2000, the RIAA awards Los Premios de Oro y De Platino to Latin albums which are defined by the RIAA as a type of product that features at least 51% of content in Spanish; as of December 20, 2013, the award levels for Latin certifications are: 30,000 units: Disco de Oro 60,000 units: Disco de Platino 120,000 units: Disco de Multi-Platino 600,000 units: Disco de DiamanteFor certifications made before December 20, 2013, the award levels are: 50,000 units: Disco de Oro 100,000 units: Disco de Platino 200,000 units: Disco de Multi-Platino 1,000,000 units: Disco de DiamanteNote: The number of sales required to qualify for Oro and Platino awards was higher prior to January 1, 2008. The thresholds were 200,000 units. All Spanish-language albums certified prior to 2008 were updated to match the current certification at the time. "La Bomba" by Bolivian group Azul Azul is the only single to receive a Latin certification based on shipments before the creation of the Latin digital singles awards in 2013.
The Disco de Diamante award was introduced after the RIAA updated the thresholds for Latin certifications in December 20, 2013. The Disco de Diamante is awarded to Latin albums. Standard singles are certified: Gold when it ships 500,000 copies Platinum when it ships 1,000,000 copies Multi-Platinum when it ships at least 2,000,000 copiesNote: The number of sales required to qualify for Gold and Platinum discs was higher prior to January 1, 1989; the thresholds were 1,000,000 units and 2,000,000 units. Digital singles are certified: Gold means 500,000 certification units Platinum means 1,000,000 certification units Multi-Platinum means 2,000,000+ certification unitsFrom 2004 through July 2006, the certification level was 100,000 downloads for
Palacio de los Deportes
Palacio de los Deportes is an indoor arena located in Mexico City, Mexico. It is within the Magdalena Mixhuca Sports City complex, near the Mexico City International Airport and in front of the Foro Sol, in which sports and artistic events are celebrated, it is operated by Grupo CIE. The arena seats 20,000, the overall capacity is 26,000, it hosted the 1968 Mexico City Olympic Games for the competitions of basketball and can be used to host volleyball and basketball matches. It was the home of the CBA Mexico City Aztecas in 1994 and 1995, the Mexico Toros of the CISL in 1995. On 6 December 1997 hosted the NBA's regular season game between the Houston Rockets and the Dallas Mavericks, which ended with a 108-106 score. Another common use is to host rock or pop concerts. There is a smaller pavilion for concerts; the Sports Palace—located 14 miles from the Olympic Village and 6.5 from downtown Mexico City in the Magdalena Mixhuca Sports City near the conflux of two expressways —was constructed for the Olympic basketball competition.
Built between October 15, 1966 and September, 1968, it is circular in design with a square-patterned dome spanning 380 feet and enclosing an area of 6.7 acres. The dome consists of hyperbolic paraboloids of tubular aluminum covered with waterproof copper-sheathed plywood and supported by huge steel arches; the Sports Palace seats 22,370—including 7,370 in removable seats. There is parking space for 3,864 vehicles. Designed by architects Félix Candela, A. Peyri and E. Castañeda Tamborell, the structure has three floors, which house complete facilities for athletes, officials, organizers, as well as services for radio and the press. A mezzanine provides access to middle and upper stands; the Sports Palace was designed for a wide variety of programming: boxing, weightlifting, etc. as well as for exhibitions, tournaments that require more space, such as volleyball, ice hockey, athletic meets, equestrian shows, circuses and expositions. These are the most representative and important shows, as there have been more than 400 concerts held here throughout the years.
1968 Summer Olympics official report. Volume 2. Part 1. P. 72. Luis Castañeda, "Image-Machine: Félix Candela's Palacio de los Deportes", article in Pidgin Magazine Homepage
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