1.
Depeche Mode
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Depeche Mode /dᵻˌpɛʃˈmoʊd/ are an English electronic band that formed in 1980 in Basildon, Essex. The group consists of founders Dave Gahan, Martin Gore, Depeche Mode released their debut album Speak & Spell in 1981, bringing the band onto the British new wave scene. Original band member Vince Clarke, left the band after the release of the album, leaving the band as a trio to record A Broken Frame, released the following year. Gore took over the songwriting duties and, later in 1982, Alan Wilder officially joined the band to fill Clarkes spot. Depeche Mode have been a trio again since 1995, when Wilder left, the bands last albums of the 1980s, Black Celebration and Music for the Masses, established them as a dominant force on the mainstream electronic music scene. A highlight of this era was the concert at the Pasadena Rose Bowl. In the new decade, Depeche Mode released Violator, a mainstream success, now a trio once again, the band released Ultra in 1997, recorded at the height of Gahans near-fatal drug abuse, Gores alcoholism and seizures, and Fletchers depression. Depeche Mode have had 50 songs in the UK Singles Chart and thirteen top 10 albums in the UK chart, Q included the band in the list of the 50 Bands That Changed the World. Depeche Mode also rank number 98 on VH1s 100 Greatest Artists of All Time, Depeche Modes origins date to 1977, when schoolmates Vince Clarke and Andy Fletcher formed a Cure-influenced band called No Romance In China, with Clarke on vocals and guitar and Fletcher on bass. Fletcher would later recall, Why am I in the band and it was accidental right from the beginning. I was actually forced to be in the band, I played the guitar and I had a bass, it was a question of them roping me in. In 1979, Clarke played guitar in an Ultravox rip-off band, in 1978–79, Martin Gore played guitar in an acoustic duo, Norman and the Worms, with school friend Phil Burdett on vocals. In 1979, Marlow, Gore and friend Paul Redmond formed a band called the French Look, with Marlow on vocals/keyboards, Gore on guitar and Redmond on keyboards. In March 1980, Clarke, Gore and Fletcher formed a band called Composition of Sound, with Clarke on vocals/guitar, Gore on keyboards and Fletcher on bass. Soon after the formation of Composition of Sound, Clarke heard Wirral band Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark, along with OMD, other early influences included the Human League, Daniel Miller and Fad Gadget. Clarke and Fletcher switched to synthesisers, working odd jobs in order to buy or borrow the instruments from friends. Dave Gahan joined the band in 1980 after Clarke heard him perform at a scout hut jam session, singing a rendition of David Bowies Heroes. When explaining the choice for the new name taken from a French fashion magazine, Dépêche mode, Gore said, I like the sound of that
2.
Playing the Angel
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It was supported by the Touring the Angel tour. Playing the Angel is the first Depeche Mode album to lead singer Dave Gahan as co-writer. He wrote the lyrics to Suffer Well, I Want It All and Nothings Impossible, while Christian Eigner, Gahan is the lead singer on all songs except for the instrumental Introspectre, and Martin Gore-sung tracks Macro and Damaged People. Gahan also sings backing vocals on Macro, which was the first time he had sung backing on one of Gores songs since Violators Sweetest Perfection, the title Playing the Angel is taken from a lyric in the closing song The Darkest Star. It is the fourth Depeche Mode album to get its name from a lyric in one of its songs, the album has been called a more organic record for using more analogue synths than digital ones. In addition, most of the soundscapes presented are harsher and groovier than the more mellow Exciter, in mid-July 2005, the unfinished video for Precious was leaked online. It is believed to have leaked through the website of the production team that helped make the video. Other songs include Free, which ended up on the Precious single, there is also a documentary on the making of the album. The album was released on vinyl as double LP housed in gatefold sleeve. The iTunes deluxe edition of the album has several bonuses, including another version of a Violator track, Waiting for the Night. People who placed the album on pre-order were eligible to participate in a ticket pre-sale for most Touring the Angel concerts, the character on the album cover is a little creature called Tubby Goth and Mister Feathers. The cover design by Anton Corbijn is believed to be a tip of the hat to a still photograph of The Cures Robert Smith circa Boys Dont Cry. Playing the Angel received positive reviews, E. Online and Entertainment Weekly gave the album high scores. Indie music website Pitchfork gave the album a review but criticized its lack of innovation. However, there are negative reviews, Rolling Stone magazine rated the album two-and-a-half stars out of five. The album was ranked number twenty on E. Onlines Top 20 Albums of 2005 list, Playing the Angel debuted at number six on the UK Albums Chart, selling 32,505 copies in its first week. In the United States, the album debuted at seven on the Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 98,000 copies. Playing the Angel had sold 418,000 copies in the US as of November 2007, by January 2007, the album had sold 1.6 million copies worldwide, according to EMI
3.
Exciter Tour
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Exciter Tour was a 2001 concert tour by the English electronic band Depeche Mode in support of the groups tenth studio album, Exciter, which was released in May 2001. The tour began with a North American leg, the group performed one rehearsal show, the leg continued until mid-August, concluding with two shows in Anaheim, California. In late August 2001, the group began a European leg and this was the final show of the tour, a second European leg had been planned for the summer of 2002 but this never happened. In total, the band played 84 concerts, performing to over 1.5 million people in 24 countries, the concerts in Paris were filmed and issued in May 2002 on a DVD release entitled One Night in Paris
4.
Tour of the Universe (tour)
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The Live Nation-produced tour, which was announced in October 2008 in Berlin, kicked off with a warm-up show in Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg in May 2009. By the end of the year, the tour had reached Europe, Asia, North America, the tour commenced in May 2009 with a warm-up show in Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg, followed by the first full-fledged date in Ramat Gan, near Tel Aviv, Israel. The tour was disrupted as lead singer Dave Gahan was struck by a bout of gastroenteritis. In June 2009, the band played their first show following Gahans illness in Leipzig, resuming a European leg which eventually wrapped up in Bilbao, Spain. The tour was cut short after Gahan tore a calf muscle, in July 2009, the group began a tour of the U. S. and Canada. The leg, which featured a slot at the Lollapalooza Festival in Chicago, started in Toronto and culminated in Fort Lauderdale. In August, two dates in California were cancelled after Gahan received doctors orders to serve a period of vocal rest. In October 2009, the returned to North America to play four dates in Mexico. The leg continued on to Costa Rica and South America, their first shows in these territories since the Exotic Tour in 1994, the group received attention in the media following the groups performance in Peru after it was reported that Gahan thanked the wrong country. According to reports, Gahan said, Thank you very much, however, this claim was later disputed by a band representative, who quoted Gahan as saying, Thank you very much, good night instead. The leg eventually finished up in Buenos Aires, later in the month, the act began a European leg of indoor venues, which kicked off in Oberhausen, Germany and culminated mid-December in Manchester, United Kingdom. In January 2010, the group commenced a third European leg in Berlin, the leg included five shows that were rescheduled following Gahans illness in the summer of 2009. The tour also included a date as part of a series of concerts in aid of Teenage Cancer Trust, during this concert, the performances of Home, One Caress and Come Back were accompanied by a seven-piece string section. Additionally, during the encore, former band member Alan Wilder made a surprise appearance onstage and it was the first time Wilder had performed with the band in more than fifteen years, having exited the group in 1995. Speaking about the event, Wilder said that he was happy to accept Gahans proposal to join the group onstage, the entire tour eventually wrapped up in Düsseldorf, Germany in late February, after ten months and 102 shows in 32 countries. In total, the band performed to more than 2.7 million people, as reported by music industry publication Billboard, the tour was one of the most profitable in 2009, ending 20th in the magazines Top Tours list. The DVD release was issued in two formats, Deluxe and Super Deluxe, which include two audio CDs of the live concerts. The Super Deluxe edition also includes a second DVD featuring the documentary, Inside the Universe
5.
Concert
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A concert is a live music performance in front of an audience. A recital is a concert by a soloist or small group which follows a program, a recitalist is a musician who gives frequent recitals. The invention of the piano recital has been attributed to Franz Liszt. The performance may be by a musician, sometimes then called a recital, or by a musical ensemble, such as an orchestra, choir. Indoor concerts held in the largest venues are sometimes called arena concerts or amphitheatre concerts, informal names for a concert include show and gig. Regardless of the venue, musicians perform on a stage. Concerts often require live event support with professional audio equipment, before recorded music, concerts provided the main opportunity to hear musicians play. The nature of a concert varies by musical genre, individual performers, concerts by a small jazz combo or small bluegrass band may have the same order of program, mood, and volume—but vary in music and dress. In a similar way, a musician, band, or genre of music might attract concert attendees with similar dress, hairstyle. For example, concert goers in the 1960s often had hair, sandals. Regular attendees to a concert venue might also have a style that comprises that venues scene. Other Types of concerts, To plan or arrange by mutual agreement, some performers or groups put on very elaborate and expensive shows. To create a memorable and exciting atmosphere and increase the spectacle, some singers, especially popular music, augment concert sound with pre-recorded accompaniment, back-up dancers, and even broadcast vocal tracks of the singers own voice. Activities during these concerts can include dancing, sing-alongs, and moshing, concerts involving a greater number of artists, especially those that last for multiple days, are known as festivals. Unlike other concerts, which remain in a single genre of music or work of a particular artist, festivals often cover a broad scope of music. Due to their size, festivals are almost exclusively held outdoors, new platforms for festivals are becoming increasingly popular such as Jam Cruise, which is a festival held on a cruise ship, as well as Mayan Holidaze, which is a destination festival held in Tulum. Often concert tours are named, to differentiate different tours by the same artist, different segments of longer concert tours are known as legs. In the largest concert tours it is becoming common for different legs to employ separate touring production crews and equipment
6.
Electronic music
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In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, purely electronic sound production can be achieved using devices such as the theremin, sound synthesizer, and computer. During the 1920s and 1930s, electronic instruments were introduced and the first compositions for instruments were composed. Musique concrète, created in Paris in 1948, was based on editing together recorded fragments of natural and industrial sounds, Music produced solely from electronic generators was first produced in Germany in 1953. Electronic music was created in Japan and the United States beginning in the 1950s. An important new development was the advent of computers for the purpose of composing music, algorithmic composition was first demonstrated in Australia in 1951. In America and Europe, live electronics were pioneered in the early 1960s, during the 1970s to early 1980s, the monophonic Minimoog became once the most widely used synthesizer at that time in both popular and electronic art music. In the 1980s, electronic music became dominant in popular music, with a greater reliance on synthesizers, and the adoption of programmable drum machines. Electronically produced music became prevalent in the domain by the 1990s. Contemporary electronic music includes many varieties and ranges from art music to popular forms such as electronic dance music. Today, pop music is most recognizable in its 4/4 form. At the turn of the 20th century, experimentation with emerging electronics led to the first electronic musical instruments and these initial inventions were not sold, but were instead used in demonstrations and public performances. The audiences were presented with reproductions of existing music instead of new compositions for the instruments, while some were considered novelties and produced simple tones, the Telharmonium accurately synthesized the sound of orchestral instruments. It achieved viable public interest and made progress into streaming music through telephone networks. Critics of musical conventions at the time saw promise in these developments, ferruccio Busoni encouraged the composition of microtonal music allowed for by electronic instruments. He predicted the use of machines in future music, writing the influential Sketch of a New Esthetic of Music, futurists such as Francesco Balilla Pratella and Luigi Russolo began composing music with acoustic noise to evoke the sound of machinery. They predicted expansions in timbre allowed for by electronics in the influential manifesto The Art of Noises, developments of the vacuum tube led to electronic instruments that were smaller, amplified, and more practical for performance. In particular, the theremin, ondes Martenot and trautonium were commercially produced by the early 1930s, from the late 1920s, the increased practicality of electronic instruments influenced composers such as Joseph Schillinger to adopt them
7.
Milan
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Milan is a city in Italy, capital of the Lombardy region, and the most populous metropolitan area and the second most populous comune in Italy. The population of the city proper is 1,351,000, Milan has a population of about 8,500,000 people. It is the industrial and financial centre of Italy and one of global significance. In terms of GDP, it has the largest economy among European non-capital cities, Milan is considered part of the Blue Banana and lies at the heart of one of the Four Motors for Europe. Milan is an Alpha leading global city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, design, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, services, research, and tourism. Its business district hosts Italys Stock Exchange and the headquarters of the largest national and international banks, the city is a major world fashion and design capital, well known for several international events and fairs, including Milan Fashion Week and the Milan Furniture Fair. The city hosts numerous cultural institutions, academies and universities, with 11% of the national total enrolled students, Milans museums, theatres and landmarks attract over 9 million visitors annually. Milan – after Naples – is the second Italian city with the highest number of accredited stars from the Michelin Guide, the city hosted the Universal Exposition in 1906 and 2015. Milan is home to two of Europes major football teams, A. C. Milan and F. C. Internazionale, the etymology of Milan is uncertain. One theory holds that the Latin name Mediolanum comes from the Latin words medio, however, some scholars believe lanum comes from the Celtic root lan, meaning an enclosure or demarcated territory in which Celtic communities used to build shrines. Hence, Mediolanum could signify the central town or sanctuary of a Celtic tribe, indeed, the name Mediolanum is borne by about sixty Gallo-Roman sites in France, e. g. Saintes and Évreux. Alciato credits Ambrose for his account, around 400 BC, the Celtic Insubres settled Milan and the surrounding region. In 222 BC, the Romans conquered the settlement, renaming it Mediolanum, Milan was eventually declared the capital of the Western Roman Empire by Emperor Diocletian in 286 AD. Diocletian chose to stay in the Eastern Roman Empire and his colleague Maximianus ruled the Western one, immediately Maximian built several monuments, such as a large circus 470 m ×85 m, the Thermae Herculeae, a large complex of imperial palaces and several other buildings. With the Edict of Milan of 313, Emperor Constantine I guaranteed freedom of religion for Christians, after the city was besieged by the Visigoths in 402, the imperial residence was moved to Ravenna. In 452, the Huns overran the city, in 539, the Ostrogoths conquered and destroyed Milan during the Gothic War against Byzantine Emperor Justinian I. In the summer of 569, a Teutonic tribe, the Lombards, conquered Milan, some Roman structures remained in use in Milan under Lombard rule. Milan surrendered to the Franks in 774 when Charlemagne took the title of King of the Lombards, the Iron Crown of Lombardy dates from this period
8.
Anton Corbijn
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Anton Johannes Gerrit Corbijn van Willenswaard is a Dutch photographer, music video director, and film director. He is the director behind the visual output of Depeche Mode and U2, having handled the principal promotion. Anton Johannes Gerrit Corbijn van Willenswaard was born on 20 May 1955 in Strijen in the Netherlands and his father, Anton Corbijn van Willenswaard, took up the same position in Hoogland and Groningen, moving his wife and four children with him. His mother, Marietje Groeneboer, was a nurse and was raised in a parsons family, photographer and director Maarten Corbijn is a younger brother. Grandfather Anton Johannes van Willenswaard was an art teacher at Christian schools in Hilversum, Corbijn began his career as a music photographer when he saw the Dutch musician Herman Brood playing in a café in Groningen around 1975. He took a lot of photographs of the band Herman Brood & His Wild Romance, from the late 1970s the London-based New Musical Express, a weekly music paper, featured his work on a regular basis and would often have a photograph by him on the front page. One such occasion was a portrait of David Bowie wearing a loincloth backstage in New York when starring in The Elephant Man, in the early years of London-based The Face, a glossy monthly post-punk life style / music magazine, Corbijn was a regular contributor. He made his name photographing in black-and-white but in May 1989 he began taking pictures in colour using filters and his first venture in this medium was for Siouxsie Sioux. Other album covers featuring work by Corbijn include those for Springsteen, Nick Cave, Siouxsies second band The Creatures, Bryan Adams, Metallica, the Rolling Stones, Bon Jovi, The Killers, Simple Minds, R. E. M. The Bee Gees, Saybia and Moke, Corbijn began his music video directing career when Palais Schaumburg asked him to direct a video. After seeing the video for Hockey, the band Propaganda had Corbijn direct Dr. Mabuse. After that he directed videos for David Sylvian, Echo & the Bunnymen, Golden Earring, Front 242, Depeche Mode, Roxette and his first video in colour was made for U2 in 1984 for their single Pride. In 2005 Palm Pictures released a DVD collection of Corbijns music video output as part of the Directors Label series, in 1994 Corbijn directed a short film about Captain Beefheart/Don Van Vliet for the BBC called Some Yoyo Stuff. He made his film debut with Control, a film about the life of Joy Division frontman Ian Curtis. It premiered to rave reviews at the Cannes Film Festival on 17 May 2007, the film is based on Deborah Curtis book Touching from a Distance about her late husband and the biography Torn Apart by Lindsay Reade and Mick Middles. 2010 Corbijn returned as a director with the character-based thriller The American, on 26 October 2011 Corbijn directed a webcast by Coldplay from the Plaza de Toros de Las Ventas in Madrid, Spain. His film A Most Wanted Man was released in 2014, the John le Carré novel of the same name, which is loosely based on the true War on Terror story of Murat Kurnaz, was set in part in Hamburg, as parts of the movie were. In February 2014, he start filming his next project Life about James Dean, author William Gibson refers to a fictitious portrait by Corbijn of the character Hollis Henry in his 2007 novel Spook Country
9.
Light-emitting diode
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A light-emitting diode is a two-lead semiconductor light source. It is a p–n junction diode, which emits light when activated, when a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light is determined by the band gap of the semiconductor. LEDs are typically small and integrated optical components may be used to shape the radiation pattern, appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared light. Infrared LEDs are still used as transmitting elements in remote-control circuits. The first visible-light LEDs were also of low intensity and limited to red, modern LEDs are available across the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths, with very high brightness. Early LEDs were often used as indicator lamps for electronic devices and they were soon packaged into numeric readouts in the form of seven-segment displays and were commonly seen in digital clocks. Recent developments in LEDs permit them to be used in environmental, LEDs have allowed new displays and sensors to be developed, while their high switching rates are also used in advanced communications technology. LEDs have many advantages over incandescent light sources including lower energy consumption, longer lifetime, improved physical robustness, smaller size, and faster switching. Light-emitting diodes are now used in applications as diverse as aviation lighting, automotive headlamps, advertising, general lighting, traffic signals, camera flashes, as of 2017, LED lights home room lighting are as cheap or cheaper than compact fluorescent lamp sources of comparable output. They are also more energy efficient and, arguably, have fewer environmental concerns linked to their disposal. Electroluminescence as a phenomenon was discovered in 1907 by the British experimenter H. J. Round of Marconi Labs, using a crystal of silicon carbide, russian inventor Oleg Losev reported creation of the first LED in 1927. His research was distributed in Soviet, German and British scientific journals, rubin Braunstein of the Radio Corporation of America reported on infrared emission from gallium arsenide and other semiconductor alloys in 1955. Braunstein observed infrared emission generated by simple diode structures using gallium antimonide, GaAs, indium phosphide, in 1957, Braunstein further demonstrated that the rudimentary devices could be used for non-radio communication across a short distance. As noted by Kroemer Braunstein …had set up a simple optical communications link, the emitted light was detected by a PbS diode some distance away. This signal was fed into an amplifier and played back by a loudspeaker. Intercepting the beam stopped the music and we had a great deal of fun playing with this setup. This setup presaged the use of LEDs for optical communication applications, by October 1961, they had demonstrated efficient light emission and signal coupling between a GaAs p-n junction light emitter and an electrically-isolated semiconductor photodetector
10.
Tampa, Florida
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Tampa is a major city in, and the county seat of, Hillsborough County, Florida. It is located on the west coast of Florida on Tampa Bay, near the Gulf of Mexico, the city had a population of 346,037 in 2011. The current location of Tampa was once inhabited by peoples of the Safety Harbor culture. The area was explored by Spanish explorers in the 16th century, resulting in violent conflicts and the introduction of European diseases, which wiped out the original native cultures. In 1824, the United States Army established a frontier outpost called Fort Brooke at the mouth of the Hillsborough River, near the site of todays Tampa Convention Center. The first civilian residents were pioneers who settled near the fort for protection from the nearby Seminole population, today, Tampa is part of the metropolitan area most commonly referred to as the Tampa Bay Area. For U. S. Census purposes, Tampa is part of the Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, the Greater Tampa Bay area has over 4 million residents and generally includes the Tampa and Sarasota metro areas. The Tampa Bay Partnership and U. S. Census data showed an annual growth of 2.47 percent. A2012 estimate shows the Tampa Bay area population to have 4,310,524 people, Tampa was ranked as the 5th best outdoor city by Forbes in 2008. Tampa also ranks as the fifth most popular American city, based on where people want to live, a 2004 survey by the NYU newspaper Washington Square News ranked Tampa as a top city for twenty-somethings. Tampa is ranked as a Gamma+ world city by Loughborough University, ranked alongside other world cities such as Phoenix, Charlotte, Rotterdam, and Santo Domingo. The word Tampa may mean sticks of fire in the language of the Calusa and this might be a reference to the many lightning strikes that the area receives during the summer months. Other historians claim the name means the place to gather sticks, toponymist George R. Stewart writes that the name was the result of a miscommunication between the Spanish and the Indians, the Indian word being itimpi, meaning simply near it. The name first appears in the Memoir of Hernando de Escalante Fontaneda and he calls it Tanpa and describes it as an important Calusa town. While Tanpa may be the basis for the modern name Tampa, archaeologist Jerald Milanich places the Calusa village of Tanpa at the mouth of Charlotte Harbor, the original Bay of Tanpa. A later Spanish expedition did not notice Charlotte Harbor while sailing north along the west coast of Florida, the name was accidentally transferred north. Map makers were using the term Bay or Bahia Tampa as early as 1695, people from Tampa are known as Tampans or Tampanians. Latin Americans from Tampa are known as tampeños, or tampeñas for females and these terms of Spanish origin emerged after 1900 for the immigrant communities in West Tampa and Ybor City
11.
Sunrise, Florida
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Sunrise is a city in central-western Broward County, Florida, United States, in the Miami metropolitan area. It was incorporated in 1961 by Norman Johnson – a developer whose World Famous Upside-Down House attracted buyers to what was then a remote area, as of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 84,439. It is a city of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to an estimated 6,012,331 people at the 2015 census. In 1960, Iowa-born developer Norman Johnson paid $9 million for 2,650 acres of land in southwestern Broward County, by 1961, this community of 1.75 square miles – which Johnson named Sunrise Golf Village – had less than 350 residents. It has been reported that the community was to be named Sunset Village –, Johnson and F. E. Dykstra developed and built an upside-down house to lure prospective property buyers. The home was furnished, and the carport featured an upside-down automobile. Public interest was aroused through numerous news stories – including a feature in Life magazine, the structure became a national attraction that drew thousands to the Village. People came to stand on the ceiling – and many stayed to make their home in the community, in 1961, Norman Johnson was appointed by Governor Farris Bryant as the first mayor of Sunrise Golf Village. Also, on this date, the City elected a Mayor. The City of Sunrise Golf Village which comprises 3 1/2 square miles, has no air pollution or drainage problems, all paved streets, and street lighting throughout the entire City. That first elected mayor was John Lomelo, Jr. – a former Miami nightclub owner who was drawn to Sunrise Golf Village by the Upside-Down House. Originally known as Sunrise Golf Village, the City had a population of 4,300, then, during the 1970s – as Broward County began to push west – the City experienced its first real growth. In 1971, the City, by referendum, changed its name to the City of Sunrise, through annexation, Sunrise eventually expanded to its current boundaries – encompassing more than 18 square miles, reaching the Everglades and dropping south of I-595/State Road 84. The City is situated six miles west of Fort Lauderdale. By October 1984, the City had reached a population of 50,000. In the mid-1980s, growth gave way to challenges, as the City was faced with difficulties, limited economic opportunities. In the early 1990s, Sunrise worked to put its house in order, rebuild its infrastructure. It is the site of Sawgrass International Corporate Park – at 612 acres, in 1990, the first phase of Sawgrass Mills opened in Sunrise
12.
Effects of Hurricane Wilma in Florida
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The effects of Hurricane Wilma in Florida were catastrophic, becoming the second costliest Florida hurricane ever recorded. Hurricane Wilma was first evident near Jamaica and was classified as a hurricane on October 18, initially, orange future prices soared on October 19,2005. As the system drew closer, schools and government offices closed on October 21, professional and college sports games were rescheduled during Wilmas advance towards Florida. Evacuations were ordered for southwestern Florida and the Keys, as the storm made landfall, a storm surge swept into coastal sections of southern Florida and high winds led to significant damage near and along Wilmas path, particularly to the power grid. Some locations were without power for 2–3 weeks after the storm, Wilma spawned ten tornadoes in Florida. At least 35 Wilma-related deaths were reported in the United States, Wilma was also blamed for at least 26 indirect deaths. Damage in Florida totaled $20.6 billion, the National Hurricane Center issued many tropical cyclone warnings and watches in anticipation of Wilma. First, a watch was posted for the Florida Keys including Dry Tortugas. Six hours later, NHC issued another hurricane watch for the west coast of Florida south of Longboat Key and on the east coast of Florida to the south of Titusville, including Lake Okeechobee. Early the following day, the watch was upgraded to a hurricane warning on the west coast and on the east coast from Jupiter Inlet southward. The hurricane warning along the east coast stretching from the Jupiter Inlet southward was expended northward to Titusville at 09,00 UTC on October 23, simultaneously, the portion of the tropical storm watch from Titusville to Flagler Beach was upgraded to a tropical storm warning. The tropical storm warning was extended northward to St. Augustine at 03,00 UTC on October 24. Twelve hours later, the tropical storm watch was discontinued from St. Augustine to Fernandina Beach, at 17,00 UTC, the tropical storm warning from Longboat Key to the Steinhatchee River was canceled. The remainder of the warning in effect was downgraded to a tropical storm warning about 90 minutes later. By 21,00 UTC on October 24, all remaining tropical cyclone warnings, a mandatory evacuation of residents was ordered for the Florida Keys in Monroe County. However, media reports suggested that as many as 80% of residents may have ignored the evacuation order, County offices, schools and courts were closed Monday, October 24. At least 300 Keys evacuees were housed at the Monroe County shelter at Florida International University in Miami-Dade County, all Collier County public schools were declared closed for Friday, October 21. The schools were closed to allow parents and staff to prepare for the storm and potential evacuation, the schools remained closed on Monday, October 24 as the hurricane made landfall
13.
Universal City, California
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Universal City is an unincorporated area within the San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles County, California, United States. This 70 percent portion of the property remains unincorporated to avoid the City of Los Angeles business taxes, located within the area of Universal City is the Universal Studios Hollywood film studio and theme park and the Universal CityWalk shopping and entertainment center. Within the Los Angeles city limits are 10 Universal City Plaza, a 36-floor office building for Universal and NBC, the Sheraton Universal, the Metro Red Line underground station of the same name is located opposite the 10 Universal Plaza. A Los Angeles County Sheriffs Department station is located at Universal CityWalk, the Los Angeles County Fire Department Station 51 is of special significance to Universal, as Station 51 was the fictional setting of the Universal and Jack Webb television series Emergency. Universal Citys ZIP code is 91608, and the community is inside area code 818, Carl Laemmle officially opened the Second Universal City on March 15,1915, on the 230-acre Taylor Ranch property. See how slapstick comedies are made, see your favorite screen stars do their work. See how we make the people laugh or cry or sit on the edge of their chairs the world over, stated a poster touting Universals opening. Universal Pictures founder was a German immigrant who opened his first nickelodeon in Chicago in 1906 and he moved to New York City, where he soon joined with half a dozen small motion picture companies to create the movie company he called Universal Pictures. In 1912, Laemmle briefly operated three small studios - Bison, Nestor, and Oak Crest Ranch, after a court battle with New York Motion Picture Company, control of the Bison lot was returned to the New York Motion Picture Company. The court allowed Carl Laemmle to retain use of the name Bison as Bison 101 for his westerns, the Oak Crest Ranch is where Laemmle filmed the western At Old Fort Dearborn. The Providencia Land and Water company, called Oak Crest Ranch in the trade papers, in 1913, Laemmle decided to consolidate the Nestor studio and Oak Crest ranch property. His first Universal City was too small, so he ordered a search for a new and larger property in the valley, Laemmle leased Providencia ranchland in the San Fernando Valley in 1912. Other studio chiefs laughed, calling the place Laemmles Folly and jeering that it was so far out of town that Laemmle could film scenery for free anywhere he wanted, Laemmle himself had second thoughts and worried that maybe he had made a huge mistake. But he was to live his greatest dreams. Success was found all around with his city containing streets, bungalows, sets, in the meantime, Laemmle added a zoo to the Oak Crest Ranch – which was open to visitors to generate free advertising by word of mouth. The Rotarians of Los Angeles were one of the groups permitted to visit the Oak Crest - Universal City. The Oak Crest ranch being too small for his larger Universal City, Laemmle bought the Lankershim Land and Water property, in 1914, operations at The Oak Ranch were moved to the Taylor ranch. The Universal ranch zoo was moved to the Back Ranch of the Lankershim property, the new Universal City was opened for Universal staff in 1914
14.
Dresden
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Dresden is the capital city and, after Leipzig, the second-largest city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the border with the Czech Republic, Dresden has a long history as the capital and royal residence for the Electors and Kings of Saxony, who for centuries furnished the city with cultural and artistic splendour. The city was known as the Jewel Box, because of its baroque, the controversial American and British bombing of Dresden in World War II towards the end of the war killed approximately 25,000, many of whom were civilians, and destroyed the entire city centre. After the war restoration work has helped to reconstruct parts of the inner city, including the Katholische Hofkirche, the Zwinger. Since German reunification in 1990 Dresden is again a cultural, educational and political centre of Germany, the Dresden University of Technology is one of the 10 largest universities in Germany and part of the German Universities Excellence Initiative. The economy of Dresden and its agglomeration is one of the most dynamic in Germany and it is dominated by high-tech branches, often called as “Silicon Saxony”. The city is one of the most visited in Germany with 4,3 million overnight stays per year. The royal buildings are among the most impressive buildings in Europe, main sights are also the nearby National Park of Saxon Switzerland, the Ore Mountains and the countryside around Elbe Valley and Moritzburg Castle. The most prominent building in the city of Dresden is the Frauenkirche, built in the 18th century, the church was destroyed during World War II. The remaining ruins were left for 50 years as a war memorial, the church was rebuilt from 1994 to 2005. Although Dresden is a relatively recent city of Germanic origin followed by settlement of Slavic people, Dresdens founding and early growth is associated with the eastward expansion of Germanic peoples, mining in the nearby Ore Mountains, and the establishment of the Margraviate of Meissen. Its name etymologically derives from Old Sorbian Drežďany, meaning people of the forest, Dresden later evolved into the capital of Saxony. Around the late 12th century, a Slavic settlement called Drežďany had developed on the southern bank, another settlement existed on the northern bank, but its Slavic name is unknown. It was known as Antiqua Dresdin by 1350, and later as Altendresden, dietrich, Margrave of Meissen, chose Dresden as his interim residence in 1206, as documented in a record calling the place Civitas Dresdene. After 1270, Dresden became the capital of the margraviate and it was given to Friedrich Clem after death of Henry the Illustrious in 1288. It was taken by the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1316 and was restored to the Wettin dynasty after the death of Valdemar the Great in 1319, from 1485, it was the seat of the dukes of Saxony, and from 1547 the electors as well. The Elector and ruler of Saxony Frederick Augustus I became King Augustus II the Strong of Poland in personal union and he gathered many of the best musicians, architects and painters from all over Europe to the newly named Royal-Polish Residential City of Dresden. His reign marked the beginning of Dresdens emergence as a leading European city for technology, during the reign of Kings Augustus II the Strong and Augustus III of Poland the Zwinger Royal Palace, the Hofkirche and the Frauenkirche were built
15.
Wembley Arena
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Wembley Arena /ˈwɛmbli/ is an indoor arena located in Arena Square, Engineers Way, Wembley Park, Wembley, London. It was built for the 1934 British Empire Games at Wembley, by Arthur Elvin, the pool itself was last used for the 1948 Summer Olympics. The building is used for music, comedy, family entertainment, the venue was renovated, along with Wembley Stadium, as part of the early-21st-century regeneration of the Wembley Park area. The arena refurbishment cost £35m and the new arena opened to the public on 2 April 2006, with 12,500 seats, it is Londons second-largest indoor arena after The O2. In September 2013, it was announced that AEG Facilities had signed a 15-year contract to operate the arena, the building was renamed The SSE Arena on 1 June 2014 after SSE plc bought the naming rights to the venue for 10 years. When the venue was known as the Empire Pool, it hosted the annual New Musical Express Poll Winners concert during the mid-1960s, the Grateful Dead, Status Quo, The Who, Dave Dee, Dozy, Beaky, Mick & Tich, were among many others. The individual performances were then finished by a famous personality joining the respective performer on stage, the Beatles were presented with one of their awards by actor Roger Moore and Cliff Richard was joined on stage by Roy Orbison, to present him with his own award. These ceremonies were filmed and recorded and later broadcast on television, the Grateful Dead have released recordings of complete shows from 7–8 April 1972 as part of Europe 72, The Complete Recordings. The Grateful Dead also performed at Wembley Arena on 31 October 1990 as part of their fall 1990 European concert tour, bruce Hornsby accompanied the band for this concert. A notable attendance record was set in the early 1970s by David Cassidy, in his first tour of Great Britain in 1973, ABBA played six sold-out concerts, from 5 to 10 November 1979. The shows were filmed by Swedish television for a documentary which was released in 2004 on DVD as ABBA in Concert, in September 2014 Universal Music released Live at Wembley Arena, featuring most of the 10 November concert on CD, vinyl LP and digital format. After the tour, the members of the band talked about the warmth of the Wembley audience and it was like coming home after a couple of nights, said guitarist Björn Ulvaeus. A finale from these concerts, The Way Old Friends Do, is the track on ABBAs seventh studio album. Vocalist Agnetha Fältskog said it was the vibe from the audience made the track work so much better as a live performance than as a studio track. Irish band Westlife are the pop band with most shows with 28, american singer Prince played 35 concerts at the venue between 1986–1998. Pearl Jam hold the record for one show, with 12,470 fans at their 2007 gig. Bob Dylan has performed at the arena 12 times over his career, alter Bridge performed on 29 November 2011 and released a DVD later. John Mayer performed a date of his 2013 world tour at Wembley Arena on 26 October 2013
16.
Mountain View, California
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Mountain View is a city located in Santa Clara County, California, United States, named for its views of the Santa Cruz Mountains. From its origins as a stop, it grew to a large suburb with a pedestrian-friendly downtown, free wi-fi. The city borders Palo Alto and the San Francisco Bay to the north, Los Altos to the south, situated in the southern end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area, Mountain View is home to many high technology companies. In 1956, Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, the first company to develop silicon semiconductor devices in what came to be known as Silicon Valley, was established in the city by William Shockley. Today, many of the largest technology companies in the world are headquartered in the city, including Google, Mozilla Foundation, Symantec, and Intuit. The original Byte Shop computer store was opened at 1063 El Camino Real, Mountain View by Paul Terrell, the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority integrates the city with the neighboring cities of Palo Alto, Los Altos, and Sunnyvale. The Mexican land grant of Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas was given in 1842 by Alta California Governor Juan Alvarado to Francisco Estrada. This grant was passed on to Mariano Castro, who sold half of the land to Martin Murphy, Jr. Eventually. First known as the center of Fremont Twp. before the first California 1852 census. Which meant that it was a predecessor to Mayfield and Palo Alto, Mountain View Station, officially named in 1864, had its beginnings earlier as a stagecoach stop on the route between San Francisco and San Jose, including the Butterfield Overland Mail. & El Camino Real of today, was closer to what was once the town center. The early pioneers were buried at the old cemetery between Mercy & Church, off Castro Street, now the present city Library and park. Reverend Henry Merrill Henderson, born in Maryland, age 35, arrived in Spring of 1852, with his family to meet with relatives Ricketts and he was the first Baptist minister in town and soon was going by horse to Half-Moon Bay, and McCartersville for services. His next-door neighbor arrived later that year, Seligman Weilheimer and brother Samuel from Dossenheim, Baden, Germany, who built at that property, the Fremont twp. population was about 560 by 1860, less Mayfield Post office section, which began north of present San Antonio Road. The towns early growth was due to agriculture, William Bubb later being a figure, buying 80 acres to farm in October 1851. His heirs expanded and intermarried in the area, agriculture remained the primary industry into the middle of the 20th century. The U. S. Navys adjacent 1000 acre Moffet Field Complex began after 1931, after World War II, the population grew significantly with the development of the aerospace and electronics industries. Between 1950 and 1960, the population grew from 6,563 to 30,889, today, high technology is the foundation of the local economy, and there exist few remnants of the citys agricultural past
17.
Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival
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It was co-founded by Paul Tollett and Rick Van Santen in 1999, and is organized by Goldenvoice, a subsidiary of AEG Live as of 2001. The event features many genres of music, including rock, indie, hip hop, across the grounds, several stages continuously host live music. The main stages are the, Coachella Stage, Gobi Tent, Mojave Tent, Outdoor Theatre, and Sahara Tent, the festivals origins trace back to a 1993 concert that Pearl Jam performed at the Empire Polo Club while boycotting venues controlled by Ticketmaster. After no event was held in 2000, Coachella returned on an annual basis beginning in April 2001, in 2002, the festival reverted to a two-day format. Coachella was expanded to a day in 2007 and eventually a second weekend in 2012, it is currently held on consecutive three-day weekends in April. Organizers began permitting spectators to camp on the grounds in 2003, Coachella showcases popular and established musical artists, as well as emerging artists and reunited groups. Coachella is one of the largest, most famous, and most profitable music festivals in the United States, the 2016 festival sold 198,000 tickets and grossed $94.2 million. On November 5,1993, Pearl Jam performed for almost 25,000 fans at the Empire Polo Club in Indio, the site was selected because the band refused to play in Los Angeles as a result of a dispute with Ticketmaster. Around 1997, Goldenvoice was struggling to book concerts against larger companies, Tollett said, We were getting our ass kicked financially. We were losing a lot of bands, and we couldnt compete with the money. As a result, the idea of a festival was conceived. While attending the 1997 Glastonbury Festival, Tollett began to brainstorm ideas for a festival of his own with multiple venues. His intent was to book artists who were not necessarily chart successes, Maybe if you put a bunch of them together. Press coverage leading up to the inaugural Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was dominated by Woodstock 1999, a festival in July 1999 that was marred by looting, arson, violence, and rapes. Goldenvoices insurance costs increased 40% as a result and they faced uncertainty regarding Coachellas tickets, organizers were already aiming to provide a high-comfort festival experience for Coachella but rededicated themselves to those efforts after Woodstock 1999. Advertisements boasted free water fountains, ample restrooms, and misting tents, on October 9–10,1999, the inaugural Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival was held. Headlining the event were Beck, the Chemical Brothers, Tool, Morrissey, originally, promoters had hoped to make the event three days and even considered the UK band Massive Attack as the third-day headliner. The organizers strived to recreate European music festivals with small crowds in a setting with plenty of turntables
18.
Indio, California
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Indio is a city in Riverside County, California, United States, located in the Coachella Valley of Southern Californias Colorado Desert region. It lies 23 miles east of Palm Springs,77 miles east of Riverside and it is about 98 miles north of Mexicali, Baja California on the U. S. -Mexican border. The word Indio is Spanish for Indian, the population was 76,036 in the 2010 United States Census, up from 49,116 at the 2000 census, an increase of 55%. Railroad line construction east out of Los Angeles began in 1873, trains were operated to Colton on July 16,1875, and to Indio on May 29,1876. Moving on eastward from Indio, the reached the west bank of the Colorado River opposite Yuma on May 23,1877. There was delay in getting military authority to lay tracks across the Yuma Indian reservation, but the rail-head of the T & P was at a standstill far off in Texas, so Southern Pacific continued building eastward. The City of Indio came about because of the need of a point for the Southern Pacific Railroad between Yuma, Arizona and Los Angeles. The engines needed to be re-filled with water, at first, the-would-be city was called Indian Wells, but because of so many other areas already called that, Indio – after a Spanish variation of the word Indian – was chosen. After the railroads arrival in 1876, Indio really started to grow, the first permanent building was the craftsman style Southern Pacific Depot station and hotel. Southern Pacific tried to make life as comfortable as it could for their workers in order to them from leaving such a difficult area to live in at the time. It was at the center of all life in the desert with a fancy dining room. While Indio started as a town, it soon became agricultural. However, water also was a problem for Indio and the city was flooded several times until the storm water canals were created throughout the Coachella Valley. Businessmen and women found this last frontier land of the continental United States as a place to start fresh. Dr. Harry Smiley and his wife Nell were early residents and stayed in Indio after their car broke down on the way to Los Angeles and became people of influence and helped shape the area. A. G. Tingman was an early storeowner and first Postmaster of Indio, later Dr. June Robertson McCarroll became a leading philanthropist as well as successful doctor in Indio. But even though these early founders of the city are considered pioneers, Indio established itself quickly and kept up with all the trends as they were brought in by the railroads. By the turn of the 20th century, Indio was already more than a railroad town
19.
Dave Gahan
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David Dave Gahan is an English singer-songwriter, best known as the baritone lead singer of the electronic band Depeche Mode since their debut in 1980. He is also a solo artist, releasing albums in 2003 and 2007. Three of these songs were released as singles, including Suffer Well in 2005, Hole to Feed in 2009, in 2012 and 2015, he also contributed lyrics and sang lead vocals on the Soulsavers albums The Light the Dead See and Angels & Ghosts. Q magazine ranked Gahan no.73 on the list of the 100 Greatest Singers, Gahan was born as David Callcott into a working-class family, to parents Len Callcott of Malaysian descent and his wife Sylvia, Dave was only six months old when his father left the family. Sylvia and Len divorced two years later and his mother moved Dave and sister Sue to Basildon, Essex, after Sylvia met, the Gahan family continued to grow with the birth of two more half-brothers Peter and Phil. Dave and Sue were raised under the impression that their mothers second husband, in 1972, when Gahan was 10 years old, his stepfather died. Gahan recalled how he came one day and found this bloke at home. Of the incident, he has said, Ill never forget that day, when I came home from school, there was this stranger in my mums house. My mother introduced him to me as my real dad, I remember I said, that was impossible because my father was dead. How was I supposed to know who that man was, from that day on, Len often visited the house, until one year later he disappeared again. Since then he had no contact with us, by growing older, I thought about him more and more. The only thing my mother would say, was that he moved out to Jersey to open a hotel. Mum had kept it back from me til there was a need to tell me about my father, its a different generation. He enjoyed the thrill of stealing cars, driving them around, Gahan tells of the time, I was pretty wild. I loved the excitement of nicking a motor, screeching off, hiding behind the wall with your heart beating gives you a real kick – will they get you. In his final year at school, he applied for a job as an apprentice fitter with North Thames Gas. He was told by his officer to be honest with the interviewer. As a result, he did not get the job which and his punishment was weekend custody at a sub-Borstal attendance centre in Romford for one year
20.
Starlight Theatre (Kansas City, Missouri)
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Starlight Theatre is a 7, 958-seat outdoor theatre in Kansas City, Missouri, United States that presents Broadway shows and concerts. It is one of the two major remaining self-producing outdoor theatres in the U. S. and Starlights Cohen stagehouse also permits them to present any major national Broadway tour as well. Starlight Theatre’s story dates back to 1925, the year Romania’s Queen Marie paid a visit to Kansas City, to celebrate her arrival, the Kansas City Federation of Music organized a showcase of local talent for the Queen that was also open to the public. Profits from the showcase were then placed in the city trust, one suggested site was where Kansas City Art Institute now stands, but area residents disapproved of building such a large structure in their neighborhood. After 15 years of proposals, the need for a venue to house celebrations commemorating Kansas City’s 100th birthday sped up the process, a committee was quickly chosen, Swope Park was deemed the location, and construction began on a cold December day in 1949. The show’s success then proved to be the spark of motivation for completing Starlight. Community volunteers helped raise money and establish theatre policy, local craftsmen donated their time to finishing construction, and Starlight Theatre as we know it was born. That same year, the Starlight Theatre Association of Kansas City, Inc. was formed as a 501 not for profit corporation to operate, program, in 1958, Starlight Theatre received a generous boost from Jerry Lewis. During an opening performance, Lewis found the distance between performer and audience limiting. He then proposed to theatre personnel that they extend the stage so it covered the orchestra pit, when Starlight officials explained they could not finance the project, Lewis himself paid the cost. Although the extension was temporary for Lewis’ show only, the idea was a good one, in the early 1980s the stage was permanently extended over the orchestra pit, bringing on stage action closer to the audience. This extension lasted until the building of the 10-story, climate controlled Jeannette, another highlight in the history of Starlight Theatre came in a 1960s production of the musical Mr. President. Starlight’s producer, Richard Berger, who always had a knack for adding pizzazz to his shows, berger’s casting of Truman was a sensation, although an attack of appendicitis forced Truman to leave Starlight by ambulance during the intermission. In 1981 the Theatre League brought locally produced shows back to the Starlight stage, starring in these shows were Andrea McArdle, Orson Bean, Noel Harrison, and Barry Williams. 1984 to 1993 saw the highly successful Director/Choreographer team of Jack Allison and this pair provided many innovative, crowd pleasing productions on the huge Starlight stage. Shows included Jesus Christ Superstar, Oliver, hair, Camelot, The Wizard of Oz, Sweet Charity, and West Side Story. In those shows were Davey Jones, David Cassidy, Donna Murphy, Phyllis Diller, Georgia Engel, Roman Seinkiewicz, and many others. There were once 38 other self-producing outdoor theatres in the U. S. today only two major ones remain, making Starlight a landmark not just for Kansas City, but also the whole country
21.
Kansas City, Missouri
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Kansas City is the largest city in Missouri and the sixth largest city in the Midwest. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the city had an population of 475,378 in 2015. It is the city of the Kansas City metropolitan area. Kansas City was founded in the 1830s as a Missouri River port at its confluence with the Kansas River coming in from the west, on June 1,1850 the town of Kansas was incorporated, shortly after came the establishment of the Kansas Territory. Confusion between the two ensued and the name Kansas City was assigned to them soon thereafter. Most of the city lies within Jackson County, but portions spill into Clay, Cass, along with Independence, it serves as one of the two county seats for Jackson County. Major suburbs include the Missouri cities of Independence and Lees Summit and the Kansas cities of Overland Park, Olathe, and Kansas City. The city is composed of neighborhoods, including the River Market District in the north, the 18th and Vine District in the east. Kansas City is also known for its cuisine, its craft breweries, Kansas City, Missouri was officially incorporated as a town on June 1,1850, and as a city on March 28,1853. The territory straddling the border between Missouri and Kansas at the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri rivers was considered a place to build settlements. The Antioch Christian Church, Dr. James Compton House, the first documented European visitor to Kansas City was Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont, who was also the first European to explore the lower Missouri River. Criticized for his response to the Native American attack on Fort Détroit, Bourgmont lived with a Native American wife in a village about 90 miles east near Brunswick, Missouri, where he illegally traded furs. In the documents, he describes the junction of the Grande Riv des Cansez and Missouri River, French cartographer Guillaume Delisle used the descriptions to make the areas first reasonably accurate map. The Spanish took over the region in the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the French continued their fur trade under Spanish license. After the 1804 Louisiana Purchase, Lewis and Clark visited the confluence of the Kansas and Missouri rivers, in 1831, a group of Mormons from New York settled in what would become the city. They built the first school within Kansas Citys current boundaries, but were forced out by mob violence in 1833, in 1833 John McCoy established West Port along the Santa Fe Trail,3 miles away from the river. In 1834 McCoy established Westport Landing on a bend in the Missouri to serve as a point for West Port. Soon after, the Kansas Town Company, a group of investors, began to settle the area, in 1850, the landing area was incorporated as the Town of Kansas
22.
Martin Gore
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Martin Lee Gore is an English singer-songwriter, guitarist, keyboardist, producer, remixer, and DJ. He is a member of Depeche Mode and has written the majority of their songs. His work now spans four decades. In addition to composing music and writing lyrics for the majority of Depeche Modes songs and he has been a backing singer on many others. In 1999, Gore received the Ivor Novello Award from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors for International Achievement, Martin Lee Gore was born in Dagenham, Essex in England. Gores biological father was an African-American G. I. stationed in Britain, Gore was raised by his stepfather and biological mother. He believed his stepfather was his father until age 13. When he was 13, he learned that his father was an African-American serviceman and, as an adult. Gore responds to the information and is quoted in Millers book saying, It brings up family traumas. He left Nicholas Comprehensive, Basildon in 1977 and took a job as a bank cashier. During evenings, weekends and any spare time, he was involved with the local band Norman. Gore has two younger half-sisters, Karen, born in 1967, and Jacqueline, born in 1968, in 1980, Gore met Andy Fletch Fletcher at the Van Gogh club. Fletcher recruited Gore into his band Composition of Sound along with Vince Clarke, soon the band drafted Dave Gahan to be the lead singer after hearing him sing Heroes by David Bowie. Clarke left Depeche Mode in late 1981, shortly after the release of their debut album Speak & Spell, Clarke wrote most of the album, with Gore contributing two tracks, Tora. Tora. and the instrumental Big Muff, any Second Now features Gores first lead vocals for the band. Gore sings lead vocals on several of the songs, notably ballads. When Clarke announced his departure from Depeche Mode in 1981, citing the pressures of fame and creative differences, Gore had been writing material since the age of 12. Songs Gore wrote for Depeche Modes second album, A Broken Frame differed musically and lyrically from Clarkes, Gores writing became gradually darker and more political on subsequent Depeche Mode albums
23.
Chicago
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Chicago, officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States. With over 2.7 million residents, it is the most populous city in the state of Illinois, and it is the county seat of Cook County. In 2012, Chicago was listed as a global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—about $640 billion according to 2015 estimates, the city has one of the worlds largest and most diversified economies with no single industry employing more than 14% of the workforce. In 2016, Chicago hosted over 54 million domestic and international visitors, landmarks in the city include Millennium Park, Navy Pier, the Magnificent Mile, Art Institute of Chicago, Museum Campus, the Willis Tower, Museum of Science and Industry, and Lincoln Park Zoo. Chicagos culture includes the arts, novels, film, theater, especially improvisational comedy. Chicago also has sports teams in each of the major professional leagues. The city has many nicknames, the best-known being the Windy City, the name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the Native American word shikaakwa, known to botanists as Allium tricoccum, from the Miami-Illinois language. The first known reference to the site of the current city of Chicago as Checagou was by Robert de LaSalle around 1679 in a memoir, henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the wild garlic, called chicagoua, grew abundantly in the area. In the mid-18th century, the area was inhabited by a Native American tribe known as the Potawatomi, the first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. Du Sable was of African and French descent and arrived in the 1780s and he is commonly known as the Founder of Chicago. In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in 1812 in the Battle of Fort Dearborn, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes had ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the Treaty of Chicago in 1833, on August 12,1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Within seven years it grew to more than 4,000 people, on June 15,1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as U. S. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4,1837, as the site of the Chicago Portage, the city became an important transportation hub between the eastern and western United States. Chicagos first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois, the canal allowed steamboats and sailing ships on the Great Lakes to connect to the Mississippi River. A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad, manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. The Chicago Board of Trade listed the first ever standardized exchange traded forward contracts and these issues also helped propel another Illinoisan, Abraham Lincoln, to the national stage
24.
Wantagh, New York
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Wantagh is a hamlet and census-designated place in the Town of Hempstead in Nassau County on Long Island, New York, United States. The population of Wantagh was 18,871 at the time of the 2010 census, Wantagh is known as The Gateway to Jones Beach. The Wantagh area was inhabited by the Merokee tribe of the Metoac Indians prior to the first wave of European settlement in the mid-17th century, the Merokee were part of the greater Montauk tribe that loosely ruled Long Islands Native Americans. Wantagh was the sachem of the Merokee tribe in 1647, and was later the grand sachem of the Montauk tribe from 1651-1658, the Dutch settlers came east from their New Amsterdam colony, and English settlers came south from Connecticut and Massachusetts settlements. When the English and Dutch settled their claims to Long Island in the 1650 treaty conducted in Hartford. Long Island then was ceded to the Duke of York in 1663-64, the Treaty of Westminster in 1674 settled the land claims once and for all, incorporating Long Island into the now-British colony of New York. Wantagh was originally known as Jerusalem, although some accounts do refer to the area as Wantagh. The original post office was built in 1837, for Jerusalem, the towns first school was established in 1790. At some time around the 1880s, Jerusalem was renamed Ridgewood, later, Ridgewood was renamed Wantagh to avoid confusion with another town in New York State with the same name. George Washington rode through Jerusalem on April 21,1790, as part of his 5-day tour of Long Island and he then went on to head east, then circle back west on the north shore. During the Revolutionary War, British ships traveled up Jones inlet, the oldest original settlers of the Wantagh/Jerusalem area were the Jackson and Seaman families, and their marks are still visible today. For example, the Cherrywood shopping center was the site of prominent settler Capt, John Seamans estate, which was named Cherrywood. Wantagh is home to a number of New York State Historical Markers, including, Cherrywood, the oldest cemetery in Wantagh is the Jackson Cemetery, located just north of the St. Frances de Chantal Roman Catholic Church on Wantagh Avenue. The Rierson burial plot was located in what has been redeveloped into Bunker Avenue and this cemetery includes members of the Rierson family who were Loyalists during the Revolutionary War. The Jerusalem Society of Friends Cemetery is located behind the current Christian Tabernacle Church, the Society of Friends were Quakers who maintained meeting houses in Jericho, Bethpage, and Hempstead, and met in then-Jerusalem as early as 1697. John Seaman allowed the Society to conduct meetings on his land in 1699, the St. John of Jerusalem Cemetery served the German Methodists, who moved to Jerusalem from New York City around 1850 to farm. The cemetery can be found west of Wantagh Avenue a few hundred yards north of North Jerusalem Road, the congregation began to meet in 1854 and held services entirely in German. The cemetery was constructed in 1862 and was intended only for use by congregation members, later generations of congregants grew weary of the services in German, and numbers dwindled until the last German service was held in 1911
25.
Bristow, Virginia
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Bristow is an unincorporated community of Prince William County in Northern Virginia about 30 miles from Washington, DC. In 2014, Bristows population was 29,346, a 287% increase since 2000, Bristow is home to Jiffy Lube Live outdoor concert stage which was formerly known as the Nissan Pavilion. Bristow is included as part of Linton Hall, Virginia census-designated place, Bristow was voted Best Place for Homeownership in Virginia by The Nerd Wallet. As of the census of 2000, there were 8,910 people,2,964 housing units, and 9,188 families residing in the town. The racial makeup of the town was 87. 62% White,6. 73% Black,2. 57% Asian,0. 18% Native American,0. 12% Pacific Islander,1. 04% from other races. Hispanic of any race were 3. 86% of the population, the majority of the Bristow Area was previously part of the Lintons Ford plantation, owned by the Linton family from the 18th century. In 1894, Sarah Linton converted to Catholicism and became a Benedictine nun, Linton Hall Military School was founded in 1922, for which the main road was named, Linton Hall Road. In 1989, the school ended its military and boarding programs and became coeducational, in the late 20th century, much of the original property was sold to developers. Population increased in the Bristow area The Linton Family are buried in the Linton Family Cemetery in the Braemar Community, the cemetery is legally unowned due to records loss when the Brentsville Courthouse burned in the Civil War. However maintenance is provided by the Braemar Community Association with coordination with the Benedictine Sisters at Linton Hall, according to the Geographic Names Information System, Bristow has also been known as Briscoe, Bristoe, Bristoe Station, and Bristow Station. The Board on Geographic Names officially decided upon Bristow as the name in 1906. The Brentsville Historic District and Davis-Beard House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the former village proper was located on SR619, Bristow Road, about 1 mile southwest of the intersection with SR28, Nokesville Road, at the Norfolk Southern Railway crossing. There are a few businesses left at this location, and a change point for the railroad is just up the tracks from the railroad crossing. The new town center has, in general, relocated farther west around the Braemar Parkway area, there has been major development since 2000 in both residential and commercial business that are continuing to expand. Bristow Manor Golf Club has a course, driving range. It was voted by Golf Digest as a Top 100 Places to Play from 1998-2000, for keeping up with local news The Bristow Beat keeps residents informed of all the news affecting local area. Major highways that connect Bristow include Virginia Route 28 and Virginia Route 215, Bristow is served by the Broad Run/Airport Virginia Railway Express station, which is in the southern-tier of the community. The station offers service to inner suburbs in Fairfax County, Virginia and Washington
26.
Dublin
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Dublin is the capital and largest city of Ireland. Dublin is in the province of Leinster on Irelands east coast, the city has an urban area population of 1,345,402. The population of the Greater Dublin Area, as of 2016, was 1,904,806 people, founded as a Viking settlement, the Kingdom of Dublin became Irelands principal city following the Norman invasion. The city expanded rapidly from the 17th century and was briefly the second largest city in the British Empire before the Acts of Union in 1800, following the partition of Ireland in 1922, Dublin became the capital of the Irish Free State, later renamed Ireland. Dublin is administered by a City Council, the city is listed by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network as a global city, with a ranking of Alpha-, which places it amongst the top thirty cities in the world. It is a historical and contemporary centre for education, the arts, administration, economy, the name Dublin comes from the Irish word Dubhlinn, early Classical Irish Dubhlind/Duibhlind, dubh /d̪uβ/, alt. /d̪uw/, alt /d̪u, / meaning black, dark, and lind /lʲiɲ pool and this tidal pool was located where the River Poddle entered the Liffey, on the site of the castle gardens at the rear of Dublin Castle. In Modern Irish the name is Duibhlinn, and Irish rhymes from Dublin County show that in Dublin Leinster Irish it was pronounced Duílinn /d̪ˠi, other localities in Ireland also bear the name Duibhlinn, variously anglicized as Devlin, Divlin and Difflin. Historically, scribes using the Gaelic script wrote bh with a dot over the b and those without knowledge of Irish omitted the dot, spelling the name as Dublin. Variations on the name are found in traditionally Irish-speaking areas of Scotland, such as An Linne Dhubh. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. Baile Átha Cliath, meaning town of the ford, is the common name for the city in modern Irish. Áth Cliath is a name referring to a fording point of the River Liffey near Father Mathew Bridge. Baile Átha Cliath was an early Christian monastery, believed to have been in the area of Aungier Street, there are other towns of the same name, such as Àth Cliath in East Ayrshire, Scotland, which is Anglicised as Hurlford. Although the area of Dublin Bay has been inhabited by humans since prehistoric times and he called the settlement Eblana polis. It is now thought that the Viking settlement was preceded by a Christian ecclesiastical settlement known as Duibhlinn, beginning in the 9th and 10th century, there were two settlements where the modern city stands. The subsequent Scandinavian settlement centred on the River Poddle, a tributary of the Liffey in an area now known as Wood Quay, the Dubhlinn was a small lake used to moor ships, the Poddle connected the lake with the Liffey. This lake was covered during the early 18th century as the city grew, the Dubhlinn lay where the Castle Garden is now located, opposite the Chester Beatty Library in Dublin Castle
27.
Nuremberg
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Nuremberg is a city on the river Pegnitz and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about 170 kilometres north of Munich. It is the second-largest city in Bavaria, and the largest in Franconia, the population as of February 2015, is 517,498, which makes it Germanys fourteenth-largest city. The urban area also includes Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach with a population of 763,854. The European Metropolitan Area Nuremberg has ca.3.5 million inhabitants, Nuremberg was, according to the first documentary mention of the city in 1050, the location of an Imperial castle between the East Franks and the Bavarian March of the Nordgau. From 1050 to 1571, the city expanded and rose dramatically in importance due to its location on key trade routes, Nuremberg is often referred to as having been the unofficial capital of the Holy Roman Empire, particularly because Imperial Diet and courts met at Nuremberg Castle. The Diets of Nuremberg were an important part of the structure of the empire. The increasing demand of the court and the increasing importance of the city attracted increased trade. Nuremberg soon became, with Augsburg, one of the two great trade centers on the route from Italy to Northern Europe. In 1298, the Jews of the town were accused of having desecrated the host, behind the massacre of 1298 was also the desire to combine the northern and southern parts of the city, which were divided by the Pegnitz. The Jews of the German lands suffered many massacres during the plague years, in 1349, Nurembergs Jews were subjected to a pogrom. They were burned at the stake or expelled, and a marketplace was built over the former Jewish quarter, the plague returned to the city in 1405,1435,1437,1482,1494,1520 and 1534. Charles was the patron of the Frauenkirche, built between 1352 and 1362, where the Imperial court worshipped during its stays in Nuremberg. Charles IV conferred upon the city the right to conclude alliances independently, frequent fights took place with the burgraves without, however, inflicting lasting damage upon the city. Through these and other acquisitions the city accumulated considerable territory, the Hussite Wars, recurrence of the Black Death in 1437, and the First Margrave War led to a severe fall in population in the mid-15th century. During the Middle Ages, Nurembergs literary culture was rich, varied, the cultural flowering of Nuremberg, in the 15th and 16th centuries, made it the centre of the German Renaissance. In 1525, Nuremberg accepted the Protestant Reformation, and in 1532, during the 1552 revolution against Charles V, Nuremberg tried to purchase its neutrality, but the city was attacked without a declaration of war and was forced into a disadvantageous peace. The state of affairs in the early 16th century, increased trade routes elsewhere, frequent quartering of Imperial, Swedish and League soldiers, the financial costs of the war and the cessation of trade caused irreparable damage to the city and a near-halving of the population. In 1632, the city, occupied by the forces of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, was besieged by the army of Imperial general Albrecht von Wallenstein, the city declined after the war and recovered its importance only in the 19th century, when it grew as an industrial centre
28.
Rock am Ring and Rock im Park
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The Rock am Ring and Rock im Park festivals are two simultaneous rock music festivals held annually. While Rock am Ring takes place at Mendig on an old airbase, Rock im Park takes place at the Zeppelinfeld in Nuremberg, both festivals are usually regarded as one event with a mostly identical lineup for both festivals. All artists perform one day at Mendig and another day in Nuremberg during the three-day event, there have been minor exceptions in the past years where an artist would be announced for one of the festivals only. However, after a dip in attendance for the 1988 event, in 1991, the festival returned with a new concept, as well as featuring well-known artists, event organizers present lesser known up-and-coming bands to the public. In 1993, Rock im Park took place for the first time in Vienna, for the 1994 event, Rock im Park moved to the disused Munich-Riem airport, and the following year to Munichs Olympiastadion, where it found a home for the 1995 and 1996 event. 1997 Rock im Park moved to Nurembergs Frankenstadion where it was held until the venue was unavailable in 2004 because the stadium was being renovated for the 2006 Football World Cup. Since 2004 the venue moved again to the current Zeppellinfeld, where Rock im Park was since held with the exception of the 2006 festival, the 2007 festival was used in a science experiment to test the effects of large bodies of people simultaneously jumping. The experiment data was used to calculate the result if the entire Chinese population were to jump in unison, the experiment concluded no significant results would come from the theoretical event. After 29 editions of Rock am Ring, the new owner of the Nürburgring decided that the contract wont be extended, the festival continued at another location in 2015. The 2008 festival took place on 6–8 June 2008,91 acts have been officially confirmed. Both festivals were sold out on 1 May, confirmed acts,3 Doors Down,36 Crazyfists, Against Me. Glory of Joanns MySpace profile lists them as performing at Rock am Ring, the headling acts for 2009 were Limp Bizkit, Slipknot, The Prodigy, KoЯn, Marilyn Manson, The Killers, Placebo and Billy Talent. Other bands included 2raumwohnung, Alexisonfire, All That Remains,1, Juliette Lewis, Kettcar, Kilians, Killswitch Engage, Kitty, Daisy & Lewis, Little Man Tate, Machine Head, Madina Lake, Madness, Mando Diao, M. I. A. The headliners for the 2011 festival were System of a Down, motörhead, The Offspring, Opeth, Periphery, Shinedown, Skrillex, Soundgarden, Tenacious D, The Subways, and Trivium. Headliners, Linkin Park, Metallica, Iron Maiden, Kings Of Leon. 1, John Newman, Karnivool, Klangkarussell Live, Kvelertak, Left Boy, Mando Diao, Marteria, Mastodon, Maximo Park, Milky Chance, Nine Inch Nails, Of Mice & Men, Opeth, Portugal. The Man, Queens Of The Stone Age, Rob Zombie, Rudimental, SDP, Sierra Kidd, Slayer, Suicide Silence, Teesy, Triggerfinger, headliners, Foo Fighters, Die Toten Hosen, Slipknot, Motionless in White. Official Rock am Ring site Official Rock im Park site Ringrocker. com Parkrocker. net Rockpalast – Rock am Ring 2007 Rock am Ring live sets audio files archive, Rockpalast broadcast
29.
Lisbon
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Lisbon is the capital and the largest city of Portugal, with a population of 552,700 within its administrative limits in an area of 100.05 km². Its urban area extends beyond the administrative limits with a population of around 2.7 million people. About 2.8 million people live in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area and it is continental Europes westernmost capital city and the only one along the Atlantic coast. Lisbon lies in the western Iberian Peninsula on the Atlantic Ocean, the westernmost areas of its metro area is the westernmost point of Continental Europe. Lisbon is recognised as a city because of its importance in finance, commerce, media, entertainment, arts, international trade, education. It is one of the economic centres on the continent, with a growing financial sector. Humberto Delgado Airport serves over 20 million passengers annually, as of 2015, and the motorway network, the city is the 7th-most-visited city in Southern Europe, after Istanbul, Rome, Barcelona, Madrid, Athens and Milan, with 1,740,000 tourists in 2009. The Lisbon region contributes with a higher GDP PPP per capita than any region in Portugal. Its GDP amounts to 96.3 billion USD and thus $32,434 per capita, the city occupies 32nd place of highest gross earnings in the world. Most of the headquarters of multinationals in the country are located in the Lisbon area and it is also the political centre of the country, as its seat of Government and residence of the Head of State. Lisbon is one of the oldest cities in the world, julius Caesar made it a municipium called Felicitas Julia, adding to the name Olissipo. Ruled by a series of Germanic tribes from the 5th century, in 1147, the Crusaders under Afonso Henriques reconquered the city and since then it has been a major political, economic and cultural centre of Portugal. Unlike most capital cities, Lisbons status as the capital of Portugal has never been granted or confirmed officially – by statute or in written form. Its position as the capital has formed through constitutional convention, making its position as de facto capital a part of the Constitution of Portugal. It has one of the warmest winters of any metropolis in Europe, the typical summer season lasts about four months, from June to September, although also in April temperatures sometimes reach around 25 °C. Although modern archaeological excavations show a Phoenician presence at this location since 1200 BC, another conjecture based on ancient hydronymy suggests that the name of the settlement derived from the pre-Roman appellation for the Tagus, Lisso or Lucio. Lisbons name was written Ulyssippo in Latin by the geographer Pomponius Mela and it was later referred to as Olisippo by Pliny the Elder and by the Greeks as Olissipo or Olissipona. The Indo-European Celts invaded in the 1st millennium BC, mixing with the Pre-Indo-European population and this indigenous settlement maintained commercial relations with the Phoenicians, which would account for the recent findings of Phoenician pottery and other material objects
30.
Tel Aviv
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Tel Aviv-Yafo is a major city in Israel, located on the countrys Mediterranean coastline. It is the center and the technology hub of Israel, with a population of 432,892. Tel Aviv is the largest city in the Gush Dan region of Israel, Tel Aviv is also a focal point in the high-tech concentration known as the Silicon Wadi. Tel Aviv is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo Municipality, headed by Ron Huldai, Tel Aviv is a global city, and is the thirty eighth most important financial center in the world. Tel Aviv is known to have the third-largest economy of any city in the Middle East after Abu Dhabi and Kuwait City, the city receives over a million international visitors annually. Known as The City that Never Sleeps and a party capital, it has a lively nightlife, the city was founded in 1909 by Jewish immigrants on the outskirts of the ancient port city of Jaffa. It is named after the Hebrew translation of Theodor Herzls 1902 novel, Altneuland, the modern citys first neighbourhoods had already been established in 1886, the first being Neve Tzedek. Immigration by mostly Jewish refugees meant that the growth of Tel Aviv soon outpaced Jaffas, Tel Aviv and Jaffa were merged into a single municipality in 1950, two years after the establishment of the State of Israel. Tel Avivs White City, designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003, Tel Aviv is the Hebrew title of Theodor Herzls Altneuland, translated from German by Nahum Sokolow. The name was chosen in 1910 from several suggestions, including Herzliya and it was found fitting as it embraced the idea of a renaissance in the ancient Jewish homeland. Aviv is Hebrew for spring, symbolizing renewal, and tel is a man-made mound accumulating layers of civilization built one over the other and symbolizing the ancient. Although founded in 1909 as a settlement on the sand dunes North of Jaffa. The marketing pamphlets advocating for its establishment in 1906, wrote, In this city we will build the streets so they have roads and sidewalks and electric lights. Every house will have water wells that will flow through pipes as in every modern European city. Since 1886, Jewish settlers had founded new neighborhoods outside Jaffa on the current territory of Tel Aviv, the first was Neve Tzedek, built on lands owned by Aharon Chelouche and inhabited primarily by Mizrahi Jews. Other neighborhoods were Neve Shalom, Yafa Nof, Achva, Ohel Moshe, Kerem HaTeimanim, once Tel Aviv received city status in the 1920s, those neighborhoods joined the newly formed municipality, now becoming separated from Jaffa. The Second Aliyah led to further expansion, in 1906, a group of Jews, among them residents of Jaffa, followed the initiative of Akiva Aryeh Weiss and banded together to form the Ahuzat Bayit society. The societys goal was to form a Hebrew urban centre in an environment, planned according to the rules of aesthetics
31.
Israel
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Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. The country contains geographically diverse features within its small area. Israels economy and technology center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, in 1947, the United Nations adopted a Partition Plan for Mandatory Palestine recommending the creation of independent Arab and Jewish states and an internationalized Jerusalem. The plan was accepted by the Jewish Agency for Palestine, next year, the Jewish Agency declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, to be known as the State of Israel. Israel has since fought several wars with neighboring Arab states, in the course of which it has occupied territories including the West Bank, Golan Heights and it extended its laws to the Golan Heights and East Jerusalem, but not the West Bank. Israels occupation of the Palestinian territories is the worlds longest military occupation in modern times, efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have not resulted in peace. However, peace treaties between Israel and both Egypt and Jordan have successfully been signed, the population of Israel, as defined by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, was estimated in 2017 to be 8,671,100 people. It is the worlds only Jewish-majority state, with 74. 8% being designated as Jewish, the countrys second largest group of citizens are Arabs, at 20. 8%. The great majority of Israeli Arabs are Sunni Muslims, including significant numbers of semi-settled Negev Bedouins, other minorities include Arameans, Armenians, Assyrians, Black Hebrew Israelites, Circassians, Maronites and Samaritans. Israel also hosts a significant population of foreign workers and asylum seekers from Africa and Asia, including illegal migrants from Sudan, Eritrea. In its Basic Laws, Israel defines itself as a Jewish, Israel is a representative democracy with a parliamentary system, proportional representation and universal suffrage. The prime minister is head of government and the Knesset is the legislature, Israel is a developed country and an OECD member, with the 35th-largest economy in the world by nominal gross domestic product as of 2016. The country benefits from a skilled workforce and is among the most educated countries in the world with one of the highest percentage of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree. The country has the highest standard of living in the Middle East and the third highest in Asia, in the early weeks of independence, the government chose the term Israeli to denote a citizen of Israel, with the formal announcement made by Minister of Foreign Affairs Moshe Sharett. The names Land of Israel and Children of Israel have historically used to refer to the biblical Kingdom of Israel. The name Israel in these phrases refers to the patriarch Jacob who, jacobs twelve sons became the ancestors of the Israelites, also known as the Twelve Tribes of Israel or Children of Israel. The earliest known artifact to mention the word Israel as a collective is the Merneptah Stele of ancient Egypt. The area is known as the Holy Land, being holy for all Abrahamic religions including Judaism, Christianity, Islam
32.
2006 Lebanon War
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The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israel Defense Forces. The conflict was precipitated by the Zarit-Shtula incident, on 12 July 2006, Hezbollah fighters fired rockets at Israeli border towns as a diversion for an anti-tank missile attack on two armored Humvees patrolling the Israeli side of the border fence. The ambush left three soldiers dead, two Israeli soldiers were abducted and taken by Hezbollah to Lebanon. Five more were killed in Lebanon, in a rescue attempt. Hezbollah demanded the release of Lebanese prisoners held by Israel in exchange for the release of the abducted soldiers, Israel refused and responded with airstrikes and artillery fire on targets in Lebanon. Israel attacked both Hezbollah military targets and Lebanese civilian infrastructure, including Beiruts Rafic Hariri International Airport, the IDF launched a ground invasion of Southern Lebanon. Israel also imposed an air and naval blockade, Hezbollah then launched more rockets into northern Israel and engaged the IDF in guerrilla warfare from hardened positions. The conflict is believed to have killed between 1,191 and 1,300 Lebanese people, and 165 Israelis and it severely damaged Lebanese civil infrastructure, and displaced approximately one million Lebanese and 300, 000–500,000 Israelis. On 11 August 2006, the United Nations Security Council unanimously approved United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 in an effort to end the hostilities, the Lebanese Army began deploying in Southern Lebanon on 17 August 2006. The blockade was lifted on 8 September 2006, on 1 October 2006, most Israeli troops withdrew from Lebanon, although the last of the troops continued to occupy the border-straddling village of Ghajar. In the time since the enactment of UNSCR1701 both the Lebanese government and UNIFIL have stated that they will not disarm Hezbollah, the remains of the two captured soldiers, whose fates were unknown, were returned to Israel on 16 July 2008 as part of a prisoner exchange. Concurrently, Syria began a 29-year military occupation in 1976, Israels 1978 invasion of Lebanon failed to stem the Palestinian attacks in the long run, but Israel invaded Lebanon again in 1982 and forcibly expelled the PLO. Israel withdrew to a buffer zone in southern Lebanon, held with the aid of proxy militants in the South Lebanon Army. When the Lebanese Civil War ended and other warring factions agreed to disarm, ten years later, Israel withdrew from South Lebanon to the UN-designated and internationally recognized Blue Line border in 2000. The withdrawal also led to the collapse of the SLA. In these attacks, including the attack that precipitated the Israeli response that developed into the war,31 Israelis were killed and 104 were wounded. In August 2006, in an article in The New Yorker, the US government denied these claims. In June 2005, an Israel Defense Forces paratroop unit operating near the Shebaa Farms engaged three Lebanese it identified as Hezbollah special force members, killing one, videotapes recovered by the paratroopers contained footage of the three recording detailed accounts of the area
33.
Athens
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Athens is the capital and largest city of Greece. In modern times, Athens is a cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime. In 2015, Athens was ranked the worlds 29th richest city by purchasing power, Athens is recognised as a global city because of its location and its importance in shipping, finance, commerce, media, entertainment, arts, international trade, culture, education and tourism. It is one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe, with a financial sector. The municipality of Athens had a population of 664,046 within its limits. The urban area of Athens extends beyond its administrative city limits. According to Eurostat in 2011, the Functional urban areas of Athens was the 9th most populous FUA in the European Union, Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland. The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments, as well as a number of Ottoman monuments. Athens is home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the Acropolis of Athens and the medieval Daphni Monastery, Athens was the host city of the first modern-day Olympic Games in 1896, and 108 years later it welcomed home the 2004 Summer Olympics. In Ancient Greek, the name of the city was Ἀθῆναι a plural, in earlier Greek, such as Homeric Greek, the name had been current in the singular form though, as Ἀθήνη. It was possibly rendered in the later on, like those of Θῆβαι and Μυκῆναι. During the medieval period the name of the city was rendered once again in the singular as Ἀθήνα, an etiological myth explaining how Athens has acquired its name was well known among ancient Athenians and even became the theme of the sculpture on the West pediment of the Parthenon. The goddess of wisdom, Athena, and the god of the seas, Poseidon had many disagreements, in an attempt to compel the people, Poseidon created a salt water spring by striking the ground with his trident, symbolizing naval power. However, when Athena created the tree, symbolizing peace and prosperity. Different etymologies, now rejected, were proposed during the 19th century. Christian Lobeck proposed as the root of the name the word ἄθος or ἄνθος meaning flower, ludwig von Döderlein proposed the stem of the verb θάω, stem θη- to denote Athens as having fertile soil. In classical literature, the city was referred to as the City of the Violet Crown, first documented in Pindars ἰοστέφανοι Ἀθᾶναι. In medieval texts, variant names include Setines, Satine, and Astines, today the caption η πρωτεύουσα, the capital, has become somewhat common
34.
Recording the Angel
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Recording the Angel was a project by the band Depeche Mode to record the concerts on the final two legs of their 2005/06 concert tour, Touring the Angel. The recording was done by London-based company Live Here Now, of the 46 shows that took place,43 were recorded and made available on the bands website for direct download or on double CD via mail order. Concert on 27 April 2006 / LHNCD01 Track listing Concert on 29 April 2006, Track listing Concert on 30 April 2006. Track listing Concert on 4 May 2006, Track listing Concert on 5 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 7 May 2006, Track listing Concert on 13 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 14 May 2006, Track listing Concert on 17 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 18 May 2006, Track listing Concert on 20 May 2006. Track listing Concert on 21 May 2006, Track listing Concert on 2 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 4 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 5 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 7 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 9 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 11 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 12 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 14 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 16 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 17 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 21 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 23 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 25 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 26 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 28 June 2006. Track listing Concert on 29 June 2006, Track listing Concert on 1 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 2 July 2006, Track listing Concert on 7 July 2006. Track listing Concert on 10 July 2006, Track listing Concert on 12 July 2006
35.
Kristiansand
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Kristiansand, historically Christiansand, is a city and municipality in Norway. It is the fifth largest city in Norway and the municipality is the sixth largest in Norway, varodd Bridge is a large bridge and a part of E18, which stretches over Topdalsfjorden. Tourism is important in Kristiansand, and the season is the most popular for tourists. Kristiansand Zoo and Amusement park is the largest zoo in Norway and it receives over 900,000 visitors every year. Markens Street is the pedestrian street in downtown Kristiansand. Bystranda is a city located in Kvadraturen, in addition. Hamresanden Camping is a family camp during the summer season. The city hosts a concert in downtown Kristiansand once every week in the summer. Outside the city is the industry park Sørlandsparken, which has Sørlandssenteret, the Kristiansand area has been inhabited since prehistoric times. In 1996, the skeleton of a woman dating to approximately 6500 BC was discovered in the neighboring municipality of Søgne. This demonstrates very early habitation of the archipelago, grauthelleren, located on Fidjane, is believed to be a Stone Age settlement. The first discovery in Norway of a Sarup enclosure was made in 2010 at Hamresanden, archaeological excavations to the east of Oddernes Church have uncovered rural settlements that existed during the centuries immediately before and after the start of the common era. Together with a discovery in Rogaland, these settlements are unique in the Norwegian context, isolated farms. One of the largest pre-Christian burial grounds in South Norway was formerly located to the south, a royal centre is thought to have existed at Oddernes before 800, and the church was built around 1040. Before the stone church was built, one or perhaps two wooden post churches are believed to have stood on the same spot and this means that the area must have had a large population before it was reduced by the Black Death. In the 14th and 15th centuries, there was already a busy port, in 1635, King Christian IV ordered his feudal seigneur, Palle Rosenkrantz, to move from Nedenes and build a royal palace on the island. Christian IV visited the location in 1630 and 1635, and on 5 July 1641 formally founded the town of Christianssand on the sand on the bank of the Torridalselva. The town was out in Renaissance style on a grid plan
36.
Mediolanum Forum
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The Mediolanum Forum is an indoor sports arena that is located in Assago, near Milan, Italy. The arena has a capacity of 12,700 and is primarily used for ice hockey, basketball. It is also one of two facilities in Italy, along with Palalottomatica in Rome, to be part of the European Arenas Association network, in January 2009, the arena changed its name to the current name of Mediolanum Forum, replacing the old name of Datch Forum. Since 2011, the Forum has also been home to La Grande Sfida, the arena also hosted the 2014 edition of the Euroleague Final Four List of tennis stadiums by capacity Mediolanum Forum Official Site
37.
A Pain That I'm Used To
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A Pain That Im Used To is the second single and opening track of the album Playing the Angel by Depeche Mode, and the forty-second DM single overall. The single was released on 12 December 2005 by Mute Records, the single contains remixes by UK Mute label mates Goldfrapp, and Jacques Lu Cont. There are also two radio versions, the first one is only a slight remix, whereas the second contains a completely different, more electronic introduction and instrumentation. Although Better Days was mentioned to be the B-side for the single in its press release, Better Days went on to be the B-side to the following single, Suffer Well. Newborn is a song that transforms into a harder song during the chorus. It is a fan-favourite in terms of B-sides, the single was only physically released in the UK. The US only had a digital release, the song reached number 15 upon UK release. In the US, the song debuted at number 45 on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart on 14 January 2006, the music video is directed by Uwe Flade, who also directed the Precious single. It features much more action sequences, than the Precious video. Depeche Modes live drummer Christian Eigner also appears in the video, the song was featured on the Bones episode THE WOMAN IN THE TUNNEL. It is also featured in the first trailer for the 2010 film The Sorcerers Apprentice, the Jacques Lu Cont Remix also appears on the soundtrack to EA Sports 2006 FIFA World Cup video game. The track is one of the few Depeche Mode songs to feature a real bass, which is played by Andy Fletcher in this one.49 A Pain That Im Used To -3
38.
John the Revelator / Lilian
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John the Revelator/Lilian is the second double A-side single by Depeche Mode and their forty-fourth single overall, released on 5 June 2006. Both songs are featured on Depeche Modes 2005 album, Playing the Angel, the single became another UK Top 20 hit for the band, reaching number 18. John the Revelator was added to BBC6 Musics B-List, and it was also played by a few alternative rock radio stations in the US, including WKQX, throughout 2006, despite not being released as a single there. John the Revelator was edited down several seconds for the single, while Lilian was slightly remixed, the single is the first UK double A-side release by the band since Blasphemous Rumours / Somebody in 1984. John The Revelator was played during Depeche Modes Touring the Angel tour, single information from the official Depeche Mode web site Allmusic review Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
