Transylvanian Saxons
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The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of mainly German ethnicity and overall Germanic origin —mostly Luxembourgish and from the Low Countries initially during the medieval Ostsiedlung process, then also from other parts of present-day Germany— who settled in Transylvania in various waves, starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century until the mid 19th century.
The plan of the medieval fortified Evangelical Lutheran church in Șeica Mare (German: Marktschelken), Sibiu County (German: Kreis Hermannstadt).
King Géza II of Hungary (1141–1162)
Iacobeni (German: Jakobsdorf, archaically in Romanian also known as Iacășdorf), an example of a fortified rural Transylvanian Saxon community established since the High Middle Ages and situated in Sibiu County (German: Kreis Hermannstadt).
Șeica Mică (German: Kleinschelken), another example of a fortified rural Transylvanian Saxon community established since the High Middle Ages and situated in Sibiu County (German: Kreis Hermannstadt).
Baltic Germans
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Baltic Germans are ethnic German inhabitants of the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea, in what today are Estonia and Latvia. Since their resettlement in 1945 after the end of World War II, Baltic Germans have markedly declined as a geographically determined ethnic group in the region.
Duke's Rundāle Palace
The many manors in Estonia and Latvia testify to the former splendor of the Baltic German landowning class (von Stackelberg family). Pictured: Vääna manor, Estonia.
Mežotne Palace (von Lieven family) in Latvia