1.
San Diego Comic-Con
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San Diego Comic-Con International is a multi-genre entertainment and comic convention held annually in San Diego, California. The name, as given on its website, is Comic-Con International, San Diego and it is a four-day event held during the summer at the San Diego Convention Center in San Diego. On the Wednesday evening prior to the opening of the event, there is a preview for professionals, exhibitors. Comic-Con International also produces two other conventions, WonderCon, held in Los Angeles, and the Alternative Press Expo and it is also the home of the Will Eisner Awards. In 2010, it filled the San Diego Convention Center to capacity with more than 130,000 attendees, the convention was founded in 1970 by Shel Dorf, Richard Alf, Ken Krueger, Mike Towry, Barry Alfonso, Bob Sourk, and Greg Bear. Detroit, Michigan-born, comics fan Shel Dorf, had, in the mid-1960s, mounted the Detroit Triple-Fan Fairs, one of the first commercial comics-fan conventions. When he moved to San Diego, California, in 1970, he organized a convention on March 21,1970. Dorf went on to be associated with the convention as president or manager, variously, Alf co-chaired the first convention with Krueger and became chairman in 1971. Following the initial gathering, Dorfs first three-day San Diego comics convention, other locations in the conventions early years included the El Cortez Hotel, the University of California, San Diego, and Golden Hall, before being moved to the San Diego Convention Center in 1991. I was quietly walking the floor stunned and in awe of just how much bigger it really was, the convention is organized by a panel of 13 board members,16 to 20 full-time and part-time workers, and 80 volunteers who assist via committees. Comic Con International is an organization, and proceeds of the event go to funding it, as well as the Alternative Press Expo. The convention logo was designed by Richard Bruning and Josh Beatman in 1995, in September 2010, the convention announced that it would stay in San Diego through 2015. In 2015, working with Lionsgate, a channel was created to host Comic-Con related content. According to the San Diego Convention and Visitors Bureau, the convention has a regional economic impact of $162.8 million. Along with panels, seminars, and workshops with comic book professionals, there are previews of upcoming feature films, like most comic-book conventions, Comic-Con features a large floorspace for exhibitors. These include media companies such as studios and TV networks, as well as comic-book dealers. And like most comics conventions, Comic-Con includes an area, as well as the Artists Alley where comics artists can sign autographs. Despite the name, artists alleys can include writers and even models, academics and comic industry professionals annually hold the Comics Arts Conference at Comic-Con, presenting scholarly studies on comics as a medium
2.
Ponchatoula, Louisiana
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Ponchatoula is a small city in Tangipahoa Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 5,180 at the 2000 census, Ponchatoula is known as the Strawberry Capital of the World. It is part of the Hammond Micropolitan Statistical Area, Ponchatoula was originally established as a mining camp in 1820, incorporating as a town on February 12,1861. William Akers was the first mayor and is credited with founding the town, at the turn of the 20th century the local area changed its chief industry from lumber to commercial farming. The main produce was the strawberry, the families who were major farmers during this era, which lasted about eighty years, have their last names engraved on a large plaque in front of city hall. The Strawberry Festivals roots go back to when farmers joined to sell the spring harvest of strawberries, today it is the second largest event in the state, after Mardi Gras. During the 1980s the local economy changed to tourism, when farming no longer earned enough to sustain the town, the mayor at the time devised a plan to open antique shops where former businesses had been located. There are still about six of these shops in operation and this gave the town a second nickname, Americas Antique City. Ponchatoula is a name signifying falling hair or hanging hair or flowing hair from the Choctaw Pashi hair and it was the Indians way of expressing the beauty of the location, with much Spanish moss hanging from the trees. Ponche is an Indian word meaning location, object, or person, the name is eponymous with the Ponchatoula Creek, which flows from points north of the city into the Natalbany River southwest of town. Ponchatoula was pillaged in 1863 by the Union Army during the American Civil War, after a light skirmish, Confederate troops withdrew, and the Sixth Michigan occupied the town. Winters describes the fate of Ponchatoula, Women and children scampered about, there was no Confederate force to be found, and suddenly all discipline crumbled. The men went wild, and they were joined in the orgy of pillage by their corpulent commander Colonel Clark, first the depot was sacked, and the men grabbed up bundles and boxes they found stored within. The next targets were the two stores in the village. The doors were battered in, and the soldiers rushed in. The liquor supply was quickly confiscated, the post office was. to be loaded aboard waiting schooners. The citizens of the town who remained behind were administered the Federal oath of allegiance, Ponchatoula is located at 30°26′21″N 90°26′33″W and has an elevation of 26 feet. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 4.2 square miles
3.
University of Texas at Austin
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Founded in 1881 as The University of Texas, its campus is in Austin, Texas—approximately 1 mile from the Texas State Capitol. The institution has the nations seventh-largest single-campus enrollment, with over 50,000 undergraduate and graduate students and over 24,000 faculty, UT Austin was inducted into the American Association of Universities in 1929, becoming only the third university in the American South to be elected. It is a center for academic research, with research expenditures exceeding $550 million for the 2014–2015 school year. J. Pickle Research Campus and the McDonald Observatory, among university faculty are recipients of the Nobel Prize, Pulitzer Prize, the Wolf Prize, the Emmy Award, the Turing Award, and the National Medal of Science, as well as many other awards. UT Austin student athletes compete as the Texas Longhorns and are members of the Big 12 Conference and its Longhorn Network is the only sports network featuring the college sports of a single university. The first mention of a university in Texas can be traced to the 1827 constitution for the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. Although Title 6, Article 217 of the Constitution promised to establish education in the arts and sciences. On April 18,1838, An Act to Establish the University of Texas was referred to a committee of the Texas Congress. On January 26,1839, the Texas Congress agreed to set aside fifty leagues of land towards the establishment of a publicly funded university, in addition,40 acres in the new capital of Austin were reserved and designated College Hill. In 1845, Texas was annexed into the United States, interestingly, the states Constitution of 1845 failed to mention higher education. On February 11,1858, the Seventh Texas Legislature approved O. B,102, an act to establish the University of Texas, which set aside $100,000 in United States bonds toward construction of the states first publicly funded university. The legislature also designated land reserved for the encouragement of railroad construction toward the universitys endowment, Texas secession from the Union and the American Civil War delayed repayment of the borrowed monies. At the end of the Civil War in 1865, The University of Texas endowment was just over $16,000 in warrants, the more valuable lands reverted to the fund to support general education in the state. The legislature additionally appropriated $256,272.57 to repay the funds taken from the university in 1860 to pay for frontier defense, the 1883 grant of land increased the land in the Permanent University Fund to almost 2.2 million acres. Under the Act of 1858, the university was entitled to just over 1,000 acres of land for every mile of railroad built in the state. On March 30,1881, the legislature set forth the structure and organization. By popular election on September 6,1881, Austin was chosen as the site, galveston, having come in second in the election was designated the location of the medical department. On November 17,1882, on the original College Hill, smite the earth, smite the rocks with the rod of knowledge and fountains of unstinted wealth will gush forth
4.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
5.
Track and field
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Track and field is a sport which includes athletic contests established on the skills of running, jumping, and throwing. The name is derived from the sports venue, a stadium with an oval running track enclosing a grass field where the throwing and jumping events take place. Track and field is categorised under the sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running. The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, the jumping and throwing events are won by the athlete who achieves the greatest distance or height. Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus and hammer. There are also combined events or multi events, such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, in these, athletes participate in a combination of track and field events. Most track and field events are individual sports with a victor, the most prominent team events are relay races. Events are almost exclusively divided by gender, although both the mens and womens competitions are held at the same venue. It is one of the oldest sports, in ancient times, it was an event held in conjunction with festivals and sports meets such as the Ancient Olympic Games in Greece. The ancient Olympic Games began in the year 776 BC, when Koroibos, a cook from the city of Elis, won the stadium race. According to some traditions, this was the only athletic event of the games for the first 13 Olympic festivals. In modern times, the two most prestigious track and field competitions are athletics competition at the Olympic Games and the IAAF World Championships in Athletics. The International Association of Athletics Federations is the governing body. Records are kept of the best performances in specific events, at world and national levels, however, if athletes are deemed to have violated the events rules or regulations, they are disqualified from the competition and their marks are erased. In North America, the track and field may be used to refer to other athletics events, such as the marathon. The sport of track and field has its roots in human prehistory, Track and field-style events are among the oldest of all sporting competitions, as running, jumping and throwing are natural and universal forms of human physical expression. The first recorded examples of organized track and field events at a festival are the Ancient Olympic Games. At the first Games in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece, only one event was contested, Track and field events were also present at the Panhellenic Games in Greece around this period, and they spread to Rome in Italy around 200 BC
6.
Sprint (running)
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Sprinting is running over a short distance in a limited period of time. It is used in sports that incorporate running, typically as a way of quickly reaching a target or goal. In athletics and track and field, sprints are races over short distances and they are among the oldest running competitions. The first 13 editions of the Ancient Olympic Games featured only one event—the stadion race, there are three sprinting events which are currently held at the Summer Olympics and outdoor World Championships, the 100 metres,200 metres, and 400 metres. The set position differs depending on the start, body alignment is of key importance in producing the optimal amount of force. Ideally the athlete should begin in a 4-point stance and push off using both legs for maximum force production, athletes remain in the same lane on the running track throughout all sprinting events, with the sole exception of the 400 m indoors. Races up to 100 m are largely focused upon acceleration to a maximum speed. All sprints beyond this distance increasingly incorporate an element of endurance, the 60 metres is a khaled and Rion indoor event and it is an indoor world championship event. Less common events include the 50 metres,55 metres,300 metres, biological factors that determine a sprinters potential include, The 60 metres is normally run indoors, on a straight section of an indoor athletic track. Since races at this distance can last around six or seven seconds, having good reflexes and this is roughly the distance required for a human to reach maximum speed and can be run with one breath. It is popular for training and testing in other sports, the world record in this event is held by American sprinter Maurice Greene with a time of 6.39 seconds. 60-metres is used as a distance by younger athletes when starting sprint racing. Note, Indoor distances are less standardized as many facilities run shorter or occasionally longer distances depending on available space, the 100 metres sprint takes place on one length of the home straight of a standard outdoor 400 m track. Often, the holder in this race is considered the worlds fastest man/woman. The current world record of 9.58 seconds is held by Usain Bolt of Jamaica and was set on 16 August 2009, the womens world record is 10.49 seconds and was set by Florence Griffith-Joyner. World class male sprinters need 41 to 50 strides to cover the whole 100 metres distances, the 200 metres begins on the curve of a standard track, and ends on the home straight. The ability to run a good bend is key at the distance, as a well conditioned runner will typically be able to run 200 m in an average speed higher than their 100 m speed. Usain Bolt, however, ran 200 m in the time of 19.19 sec, an average speed of 10.422 m/s, whereas he ran 100 m in the world-record time of 9.58 sec
7.
Sport of athletics
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Athletics is a collection of sporting events that involve competitive running, jumping, throwing, and walking. The most common types of competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running. The results of racing events are decided by finishing position, while the jumps, the simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most commonly competed sports in the world. Athletics is mostly an individual sport, with the exception of relay races and competitions which combine athletes performances for a team score, organized athletics are traced back to the Ancient Olympic Games from 776 BCE. The rules and format of the events in athletics were defined in Western Europe and North America in the 19th and early 20th century. Most modern top level meetings are conducted by the International Association of Athletics Federations, the athletics meeting forms the backbone of the Summer Olympics. The foremost international athletics meeting is the IAAF World Championships in Athletics, other top level competitions in athletics include the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships. Athletes with a disability compete at the Summer Paralympics and the IPC Athletics World Championships. The word athletics is derived from the Ancient Greek ἀθλητής from ἆθλον or ἆθλος, initially, the term was used to describe athletic contests in general – i. e. sporting competition based primarily on human physical feats. In the 19th century, the term acquired a more narrow definition in Europe. This definition continues to be the most prominent one in the United Kingdom, furthermore, foreign words in many German and Roman languages which are related to the term athletics also have a similar meaning. In much of North America, athletics is synonymous with sports in general, the word athletics is rarely used to refer to the sport of athletics in this region. Track and field is preferred, and is used in the United States and Canada to refer to most athletics events, including racewalking, Athletic contests in running, walking, jumping and throwing are among the oldest of all sports and their roots are prehistoric. Athletics events were depicted in the Ancient Egyptian tombs in Saqqara, with illustrations of running at the Heb Sed festival, the Tailteann Games were an ancient Celtic festival in Ireland, founded around 1800 BCE, and the thirty-day meeting included running and stone-throwing among its sporting events. The original and only event at the first Olympics in 776 BCE was a running event known as the stadion. This later expanded to include throwing and jumping events within the ancient pentathlon, Athletics competitions also took place at other Panhellenic Games, which were founded later around 500 BCE. The Cotswold Olimpick Games, a festival which emerged in 17th century England. Annually, from 1796 to 1798, LOlympiade de la République was held in revolutionary France, the premier event of this competition was a running event, but various ancient Greek disciplines were also on display
8.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
9.
Little Elm, Texas
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Little Elm is a city in Denton County, Texas, United States, and a part of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. It is an suburb of Dallas. The population was 3,646 at the 2000 census, by the 2010 census, the city total had jumped to 25,898, making Little Elm one of the fastest growing municipalities in Texas since 2000 in terms of percentage. At the entrance to the city limits, population signs reflect a size of more than 31,000 as of 2013. Little Elm is generally located along the northern and eastern shores of Lewisville Lake at the roads of Eldorado Parkway and FM423. Its neighbors include Frisco to the east, The Colony and Hackberry to the south, Prosper, Aubrey, and Providence to the north, and Oak Point, Cross Roads, Little Elm is located at 33°9′50″N 96°55′49″W. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, it has an area of 18.6 square miles, of which 14.6 square miles is land and 4.1 square miles. Little Elm has more miles of shoreline than any city in DFW, lakeside amenities off Eldorado Parkway include a cable wake board park, a boat ramp, a massive swim beach, a marina, an amphitheater on the water, and many miles of trail. Other park attractions include the golf course at McCord Park on FM423. Because Little Elm is rapidly growing and expanding, most of the city is new, some of the newer subdivisions include Paloma Creek, The Towers by the Park, and Frisco Ranch. Little Elms current estimated population, as of May 1,2016, is 34,355, including active subdivisions in the Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction, that figure exceeds 45,000. Little Elms build-out population is anticipated to be over 90,000, as of the census of 2000, there were 3,646 people,1,210 households, and 965 families residing in the town. The population of Little Elm grew by 610% between 2000 and 2010, ballooning from 3,646 to 25,898, making the city one of the fastest growing in not only the state of Texas but also the United States. According to city-data. com, the 2011 population was 26,011, as of the census of 2010, there were 25,898 people. According to the census,69. 3% of the population was white,14.3 was Black or African American, of the total population, 24% was Hispanic or Latino. Three school districts serve Little Elm, Little Elm ISD, Frisco ISD, generally, the U. S.380 corridor is served by Denton ISD, the FM423 corridor and east Little Elm by Frisco ISD, and the rest of Little Elm by Little Elm ISD. The Little Elm Independent School District serves most of the parts of Little Elm. Little Elm ISD is one of the fastest growing in Denton County, the school district finished building its athletic stadium in 2006 located at the intersection of Hart Road and Eldorado Parkway
10.
Running back
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A running back is an American and Canadian football position, a member of the offensive backfield. The primary roles of a running back are to receive handoffs from the quarterback for a play, to catch passes from out of the backfield. There are usually one or two running backs on the field for a play, depending on the offensive formation. A running back may be a halfback or a fullback, a running back will sometimes be called a feature back if he is the teams starting running back. The halfback or tailback position is responsible for carrying the ball on the majority of running plays, in the modern game, an effective halfback must have a blend of both quickness and agility as a runner, as well as sure hands and good vision up-field as a receiver. Quarterbacks depend on halfbacks as a safety valve receiver when primary targets downfield are covered or when they are under pressure, occasionally, halfbacks line up as additional wide receivers. As a trick play, running backs are used to pass the ball on a halfback option play or halfback pass. The difference between halfback and tailback is the position of the player in the offensive formation. In historical formations, the lined up approximately halfway between the line of scrimmage and the fullback. Because the halfback is usually the main ball carrier, modern offensive formations have positioned the halfback behind the fullback. As a result, some systems or playbooks will call for a tailback as opposed to a halfback, in most modern college and professional football schemes, fullbacks carry the ball infrequently, instead using their stronger physiques as primary lead blockers. On most running plays, the leads the halfback, attempting to block potential tacklers before they reach the ball carrier. When fullbacks are called upon to carry the ball, the situation calls for gaining a short amount of yardage. Fullbacks are technically running backs, but today the term running back is used in referring to the halfback or tailback. Although modern fullbacks are rarely used as carriers, in previous offensive schemes fullbacks would be the designated ball carriers. In high school football, where player sizes vary greatly, fullbacks are still used as ball carriers. In high school and college offenses, the triple option uses the fullback as a primary ball carrier. The fullback plays a role by establishing an inside running threat on every play
11.
Option offense
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The option offense is a generic term that is used to describe a wide variety of offensive systems in American football. Option offenses are characterized as such because of the predominance of option running plays employed in them, Option offenses have traditionally relied heavily upon running plays, though modern option offenses now incorporate a large number of passing plays. Because they are run-based, option offenses are very effective in managing the game clock, giving the team less time to score. However, this means that when the option team is losing near the end of the game. These schemes rely on timing, deception, and split-second decision-making under pressure, an option offense is any football scheme that relies on option running plays as its cornerstone. There are a variety of such schemes, the result is a backfield alignment that resembles the shape of a wishbone. While the wishbones success reached its zenith in the 1970s, it remains popular at the high school, wing T offense The traditional wing T offense employs many of the concepts of the wishbone offense. It often employs three running back formations, especially in the Bay City version of the offense, as the triple-option became prominent, the wing T quickly incorporated the veer into its arsenal. In conjunction, it tends to significantly more misdirection running plays. The traps, crosses, fakes, pulls, sweeps, the veer is well suited to the wing T offense, especially the Delaware version. It continues to be employed by schools and small college teams. Flexbone option offense The Flexbone was invented by Emory Bellard at Mississippi State in 1979 and it was called the Wingbone, a variation of the Wishbone Bellard originally invented. A variant of the offense, the flexbone came to prominence in the 1980s and 1990s. The flexbone offense varies from the wishbone in a few fundamental ways, first, and most notably, the flexbone replaces the halfbacks that are aligned in the backfield of a wishbone with one or two wingbacks or slot backs, that align off-tackle or off-end. These hybrid players are very quick and must be adept at running, blocking. Because of their positioning, they can more easily facilitate the game in the flexbone. Teams that employ this scheme tend to consistently high rushing averages. The name flexbone is somewhat controversial and usually reflects the school of thought from which the offense was born, some practitioners, such as Air Forces famed former head coach, Fisher DeBerry, welcomed the name flexbone because the offense was seen as a modification of the traditional wishbone
12.
100 metres
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The 100 metres, or 100-metre dash, is a sprint race in track and field competitions. The shortest common outdoor running distance, it is one of the most popular and it has been contested at the Summer Olympics since 1896 for men and since 1928 for women. The reigning 100 m Olympic champion is named the fastest runner in the world. The World Championships 100 metres has been contested since 1983, jamaicans Usain Bolt and Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce are the reigning world champions, Bolt and Elaine Thompson are the Olympic champions in the mens and womens 100 metres, respectively. On an outdoor 400 metres running track, the 100 m is run on the home straight, runners begin in the starting blocks and the race begins when an official fires the starters pistol. Sprinters typically reach top speed after somewhere between 50–60 m and their speed then slows towards the finish line. The 10-second barrier has historically been a barometer of fast mens performances, the current mens world record is 9.58 seconds, set by Jamaicas Usain Bolt in 2009, while the womens world record of 10.49 seconds set by American Florence Griffith-Joyner in 1988 remains unbroken. The 100 m emerged from the metrication of the 100 yards, the event is largely held outdoors as few indoor facilities have a 100 m straight. US athletes have won the mens Olympic 100 metres title more times than any country,16 out of the 28 times that it has been run. US women have dominated the event winning 9 out of 21 times. At the start, some athletes play psychological games such as trying to be last to the starting blocks, at high level meets, the time between the gun and first kick against the starting block is measured electronically, via sensors built in the gun and the blocks. A reaction time less than 0.1 s is considered a false start, the 0. 2-second interval accounts for the sum of the time it takes for the sound of the starters pistol to reach the runners ears, and the time they take to react to it. For many years a sprinter was disqualified if responsible for two false starts individually, however, this rule allowed some major races to be restarted so many times that the sprinters started to lose focus. The next iteration of the rule, introduced in February 2003, meant that one false start was allowed among the field, but anyone responsible for a subsequent false start was disqualified. To avoid such abuse and to improve spectator enjoyment, the IAAF implemented a change in the 2010 season – a false starting athlete now receives immediate disqualification. This proposal was met with objections when first raised in 2005, justin Gatlin commented, Just a flinch or a leg cramp could cost you a years worth of work. The rule had an impact at the 2011 World Championships. Runners normally reach their top speed just past the point of the race
13.
200 metres
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The 200 metres is a sprint running event. On an outdoor 400 m track, the race begins on the curve and ends on the home straight, a slightly shorter race, called the stadion and run on a straight track, was the first recorded event at the ancient Olympic Games. The 200 m places more emphasis on speed endurance than shorter sprint distances as athletes rely on different energy systems during the longer sprint, in the United States and elsewhere, athletes previously ran the 220-yard dash instead of the 200 m, though the distance is now obsolete. The standard adjustment used for the conversion from times recorded over 220 yards to 200 m times is to subtract 0.1 seconds, another obsolete version of this race is the 200 metres straight, which was run on tracks that contained such a straight. Initially, when the International Amateur Athletic Association started to ratify world records in 1912, in 1951, the IAAF started to recognise records set on a curved track. In 1976, the record was discarded. The race attracts runners from other events, primarily the 100 metres, wishing to double up, marion Jones finished first in both races in 2000 but was later disqualified and stripped of her medals after admitting to taking performance-enhancing drugs. An Olympic double of 200 m and 400 m was first achieved by Valerie Brisco-Hooks in 1984, Usain Bolt is the only man to repeat as Olympic champion, Bärbel Wöckel and Veronica Campbell-Brown are the two women who have repeated as Olympic champion. The mens world record holder is Usain Bolt of Jamaica, who ran 19. 19s at the 2009 World Championships, the womens world record holder is Florence Griffith-Joyner of the United States, who ran 21. 34s at the 1988 Summer Olympics. The reigning Olympic champions are Usain Bolt and Elaine Thompson, the reigning World Champions are Bolt and Dafne Schippers. Races run with an aiding wind measured over 2.0 metres per second are not acceptable for record purposes, only the fastest time for each athlete is listed. A = Altitude Correct as of January 2017. Below is a list of all other legal times inside 19.60, yohan Blake also ran 19.44,19.54. Below is a list of all other legal times inside 21.80, merlene Ottey also ran 21.66,21.77. Marita Koch also ran 21.76,21.78. Below is a list of all other legal times inside 22.45, merlene Ottey also ran 22.24,22.34,22.37. A Known as the World Indoor Games IAAF list of 200-metres records in XML All time 200m men records
14.
University Interscholastic League
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It is the largest organization of its type in the world. Activities range from American football and cross-examination debate to mathematics and marching competitions, however. The UIL is under the governance of the Vice President for Diversity and Community Engagement at the University of Texas at Austin in Austin, Texas. Although the Texas Education Agency governs the activities of schools and school districts in Texas, the UIL does not report to TEA, the UIL was originally created by UT in 1910 as two different entities, the Debating League of Texas High Schools and the Interscholastic Athletic Association. The two entities merged in 1913 and adopted the UIL name, at the time, UIL only governed white schools in Texas. In 1965, the UIL agreed to admit PVIL member schools for competition, black schools began UIL competitions beginning in the 1967-68 school year. After the 1969–70 school year, the UIL fully absorbed all PVIL member schools, beginning with the 2003–2004 academic year, two large all-male private schools, Dallas Jesuit and Houston Strake Jesuit, were granted UIL membership. This came after extensive court battles and negotiations from both the UILs lawyers and the schools joint lawyers, the Texas Legislature rewrote titles 1 and 2 of the Texas Education Code and greatly restricted the functions to be performed by the Texas Education Agency and the UIL. The changes made Texas an equal access state, the law now requires the public schools to allow all students that reside within the schools boundary equal access to all activities. The UIL no longer has the authority to determine the eligibility of Charter/Home/Private school students, all students must abide by the state No-Pass No-Play law. Only students that are enrolled in a school must abide by UIL eligibility rules. Charter/Home/Private school students may now participate in all public school extra-curricular activities, note, In 2008 two non-public school students won UIL wrestling championships. On October 10,2010, the Third District Court of Appeals in Austin ruled that the UIL operates as a public organization, the ruling clarified that the UIL is legally considered a state agency and must comply with the prerequisites and duties that all other state agencies have. As a state agent the UIL must treat individuals equally and show the purpose/need as well as a basis for eligibility restrictions. The UIL governs only public schools and 2 private high schools, activities for most Texas private schools are governed by separate bodies, the largest of which is TAPPS. Furthermore, private schools must compete at one classification higher than their enrollment would otherwise dictate, UIL schools are permitted to schedule contests with private schools and/or home school groups. Schools are arranged by classification to ensure that schools compete on a basis with other schools in the geographic area of a similar size. The classifications are A, AA, AAA, AAAA, AAAAA and AAAAAA, the corresponding alphanumeric designations are used in everyday conversation, but officially UIL only uses the alphabetic designations.0 between the largest and smallest school in each class
15.
Mike A. Myers Stadium
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Mike A. Myers Stadium is the home of The University of Texas Longhorn track and field and soccer teams and also home to the USATF Elite Running Circuit Austin Track Club. The 20, 000-seat stadium hosts the historic Texas Relays annually in April, as well as the University Interscholastic League track, in 1996, plans were made to construct the stadium in response to the need to expand Darrell K. Construction began in 1997, and the stadium was opened in March 1999, the stadium hosted the 2002 NCAA Womens Soccer Championship, the 2004 NCAA Mens and Womens Outdoor Track and Field Championships, and the 2003 Big 12 Conference Outdoor Championship. This smoother curve has given the track a reputation as one of the fastest tracks in the United States, the field events area consists of several throwing circles, dual jump lanes, and two high jump aprons. There is a scoreboard at each end of the stadium, on the west side of the stadium stands a 1, 200-space parking garage. The Gameday set was situated to take advantage of the views of downtown Austin
16.
Port of Spain
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Port of Spain is the capital city of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago and the countrys third-largest municipality, after Chaguanas and San Fernando. The city has a population of 37,074, a metropolitan population of 128,026. The city serves primarily as a retail and administrative centre and it has been the capital of the island since 1757 and it is also an important financial services centre for the Caribbean and is home to two of the largest banks in the region. Port of Spain was also the de facto capital of the short-lived West Indies Federation, caricom was established in Chaguaramas, west of Port of Spain. The city is home to the largest container port on the island and is one of several shipping hubs of the Caribbean. Bauxite from Guyana is trans-shipped via facilities at Chaguaramas, about 8 kilometres west of the city, the pre-lenten Carnival is the citys main annual cultural festival and tourist attraction. Today, Port of Spain is a city in the Caribbean region. Trinidad and Tobago hosted the Fifth Summit of the Americas in 2009 whose guests included US President Barack Obama, Port of Spain is also home to the biggest and most successful stock exchange in the Caribbean, the Trinidad and Tobago Stock Exchange. The iconic Nicholas Tower, as well as skyscrapers, are well known throughout the region. These buildings dominate the citys skyline, some of the tallest skyscrapers in the Caribbean are located in Port of Spain. The Port of Spain was founded near the site of the Amerindian fishing village of Cumucurapo, located in the today known as Mucurapo. In 1560, a Spanish garrison was posted near the foot of the Laventille Hills, the part of todays downtown Port of Spain closest to the sea was once an area of tidal mudflats covered by mangroves. The first Spanish buildings here, in the 16th and 17th centuries, were open mud-plastered ajoupas, the fort was a mud-walled enclosure with a shack inside, a flagpole, two or three cannon, and few Spanish soldiers. This was captured during Walter Raleighs expedition in April 1595, the Caribs were transient, travelling to the mainland and up the Orinoco River. The French naval commander Comte DEstrées visited in 1680, and reported there was no Port of Spain. The last Spanish Governor of Trinidad, Don José Maria Chacón and he compelled the islands Cabildo to move to Port of Spain, and he limited its powers to the municipality. The 1783 Cedula of Population, which encouraged the settlement of French Catholics in the island, led to a increase in the towns population. Along the sea shore was the Plaza del Marina, a parade ground, by 1786, the town had a population of about 3,000
17.
Trinidad and Tobago
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During the same period, the island of Tobago changed hands among Spanish, British, French, Dutch and Courlander colonizers, more times than any other island in the Caribbean. Trinidad and Tobago were ceded to Britain in 1802 under the Treaty of Amiens, the country Trinidad and Tobago obtained independence in 1962, becoming a republic in 1976. Trinidad and Tobago is the third richest country by GDP per capita in the Americas after the United States, furthermore, it is recognised as a high-income economy by the World Bank. Unlike most of the English-speaking Caribbean, the economy is primarily industrial, with an emphasis on petroleum. The countrys wealth is attributed to its reserves and exploitation of oil. Historian E. L. Joseph claimed that Trinidads Amerindian name was Iere or Land of the Humming Bird, derived from the Arawak name for hummingbird, however, Boomert claims that neither cairi nor caeri means hummingbird and tukusi or tucuchi does. Others have reported that kairi and iere simply mean island, christopher Columbus renamed it La Isla de la Trinidad, fulfilling a vow made before setting out on his third voyage of exploration. Trinidad and Tobago are islands situated between 10°2 and 11°12 N latitude and 60°30 and 61°56 W longitude, at the closest point, Trinidad is just 11 kilometres from Venezuelan territory. Trinidad is 4,768 km2 in area with a length of 80 km. Tobago has an area of about 300 km2, or 5. 8% of the area, is 41 km long and 12 km at its greatest width. Trinidad and Tobago lie on the shelf of South America. The terrain of the islands is a mixture of mountains and plains, the highest point in the country is found on the Northern Range at El Cerro del Aripo, which is 940 metres above sea level. As the majority of the live in the island of Trinidad. There are four municipalities in Trinidad, Port of Spain. The main town in Tobago is Scarborough, Trinidad is made up of a variety of soil types, the majority being fine sands and heavy clays. The alluvial valleys of the Northern Range and the soils of the East-West Corridor are the most fertile, the Northern Range consists mainly of Upper Jurassic and Cretaceous metamorphic rocks. The Northern Lowlands consist of shallow marine clastic sediments. South of this, the Central Range fold and thrust belt consists of Cretaceous and Eocene sedimentary rocks, the Naparima Plains and the Nariva Swamp form the southern shoulder of this uplift
18.
Gold medal
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A gold medal is a medal awarded for highest achievement in a non-military field. Its name derives from the use of at least a fraction of gold in form of plating or alloying in its manufacture, others offer only the prestige of the award. Many organizations now award gold medals either annually or extraordinarily, including UNESCO, while some gold medals are solid gold, others are gold-plated or silver-gilt, like those of the Olympic Games, the Lorentz Medal, the United States Congressional Gold Medal and the Nobel Prize medal. Nobel Prize medals consist of 18 karat green gold plated with 24 karat gold, before 1980 they were struck in 23 karat gold. In the United States, Congress would enact a resolution asking the President to reward those responsible, the commanding officer would receive a gold medal and his officers silver medals. Other countries similarly honored their military and naval victors in a similar fashion, Medals have historically been given as prizes in various types of competitive activities, especially athletics. Traditionally, medals are made of the metals, Gold Silver Bronze Occasionally. This standard was adopted for Olympic competition at the 1904 Summer Olympics, at the 1896 event, silver was awarded to winners and bronze to runners-up, while at 1904 other prizes were given, not medals. At the modern Olympic Games, winners of a sporting discipline receive a medal in recognition of their achievement. At the Ancient Olympic Games only one winner per event was crowned with kotinos, aristophanes in Plutus makes a remark why victorious athletes are crowned with wreath made of wild olive instead of gold. When Tigranes, an Armenian general learned this, he uttered to his leader, what kind of men are these against whom you have brought us to fight. Men who do not compete for possessions, but for honour, hence medals were not awarded at the ancient Olympic Games. At the 1896 Summer Olympics, winners received a silver medal, in 1900, most winners received cups or trophies instead of medals. The next three Olympics awarded the winners solid gold medals, but the medals themselves were smaller, the use of gold rapidly declined with the onset of the First World War and also with the onset of the Second World War. The last series of Olympic medals to be made of gold were awarded at the 1912 Olympic Games in Stockholm. Olympic Gold medals are required to be made from at least 92. 5% silver, all Olympic medals must be at least 60mm in diameter and 3mm thick. Minting the medals is the responsibility of the Olympic host, from the 1972 Summer Olympics through 2000, Cassiolis design remained on the obverse with a custom design by the host city on the reverse. Noting that Cassiolis design showed a Roman amphitheater for what originally were Greek games, Winter Olympics medals have been of more varied design
19.
Terrence Malick
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Terrence Frederick Malick is an American film director, screenwriter and producer. Malick began his career as part of the New Hollywood film-making wave with the films Badlands and Days of Heaven, Malicks films have been noted for exploring themes such as individual transcendence, nature, and conflicts between reason and instinct. The stylistic elements of the work have inspired divided opinions among film scholars. Terrence Malick was born in Ottawa, Illinois and he is the son of Irene and Emil A. Malick, a geologist. His paternal grandparents were Assyrian Christian immigrants from Urmia, Iran, Malick attended St. Stephens Episcopal School in Austin, Texas, while his family lived in Bartlesville, Oklahoma. Malick had two brothers, Chris and Larry. Larry Malick was a guitarist who went to study in Spain with Andrés Segovia in the late 1960s, in 1968, Larry intentionally broke his own hands due to pressure over his musical studies. Their father Emil went to Spain to help Larry, but his son died shortly after, the early death of Malicks younger brother has been explored and referenced in his films The Tree of Life and Knight of Cups. Malick received a A. B. in philosophy from Harvard College, graduating cum laude. He did graduate work at Magdalen College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar, after a disagreement with his advisor, Gilbert Ryle, over his thesis on the concept of world in Kierkegaard, Heidegger, and Wittgenstein, Malick left Oxford without a degree. In 1969, Northwestern University Press published Malicks translation of Heideggers Vom Wesen des Grundes as The Essence of Reasons, after returning to the United States, Malick taught philosophy at Massachusetts Institute of Technology while freelancing as a journalist. He wrote articles for Newsweek, The New Yorker, and Life, Malick started his film career after earning an MFA from the AFI Conservatory in 1969, directing the short film Lanton Mills. At the AFI, he established contacts with people such as actor Jack Nicholson, longtime collaborator Jack Fisk, and agent Mike Medavoy and he wrote early uncredited drafts of Dirty Harry and Drive, He Said, and is credited with the screenplay for Pocket Money. Malick was also co-writer of The Gravy Train, under the pseudonym David Whitney, after one of his screenplays, Deadhead Miles, was made into what Paramount Pictures believed was an unreleasable film, Malick decided to direct his own scripts. Malicks first feature-length work as a director was Badlands, an independent film starring Martin Sheen and it was influenced by the crimes of convicted teenage spree killer Charles Starkweather. Malick raised half of the budget by approaching people outside of the industry, including doctors and dentists, the rest was raised by executive producer Edward R. Pressman. After a troubled production that many crew members leaving halfway through the shoot. As a result, Warner Bros. bought distribution rights for three times its budget, Malicks second film was the Paramount-produced Days of Heaven, about a love triangle that develops in the farm country of the Texas Panhandle in the early 20th century
20.
Nacho Vigalondo
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Ignacio Nacho Vigalondo is a Spanish filmmaker. He finished his first full feature film, Los Cronocrímenes, in 2007. Vigalondo revealed on his blog that his next film would be a Spanish-language alien invasion horror entitled Extraterrestre. Scifi Latino translates the plot, Vigalondo writes that this not be like a War of the Worlds with Tom Cruise. He writes that most people experience a global alien invasion without even knowing it has happened, by listening to rumors. Popular comic book blogsite Bleeding Cool reported in mid-2011 that Vigalondo was recruited to direct a silver screen adaptation of Mark Millars Supercrooks, Vigalondo has completed a script that will be a twist on the Kaiju genre and an homage for the Godzilla franchise. Vigalondos plans are to deliver a film with old school practical effects on a low budget. 2014 wrote the script and directed the segment Parallel Monsters for the anthology film VHS, list of Spanish Academy Award winners and nominees Official website Nacho Vigalondo at the Internet Movie Database
21.
Open Windows (film)
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Open Windows is a 2014 Spanish techno-thriller film directed and written by Nacho Vigalondo. The film had its premiere on March 10,2014, at South by Southwest. The film is Vigalondos first film in the English language, Nick Chambers wins a contest to meet his favorite actress, Jill Goddard. Nick, the webmaster of a dedicated to Jill, is crushed when Chord, Jills manager, informs him that she has not only failed to invite him to the films publicity. Chord remotely sends Nick a link to his laptop that opens a live stream, Chord explains that he has hacked into Jills cell phone and activated the microphone and camera without her knowledge. Although uneasy about invading her privacy, Nick goes along with Chords plans to spy on her. By eavesdropping on her conversations, they learn that she will secretly meet her agent, Tony, with whom she is having an affair. Chord directs Nick to use preexisting high end surveillance equipment to spy on Jill, as he watches them, Nick is briefly contacted by a trio of hackers who address him as Nevada. When Nicks lights spontaneously turn on and Tony can see the camera pointed at his room, Chord orders Nick to use a Taser to incapacitate Tony. Feeling that he has no choice, Nick agrees, Nick initially refuses to tie up Tony but does so once Chord threatens to stop helping him. Suspicious of why all this equipment is available in his room, Nick questions who Chord really is, Chord ignores him. Chord blackmails Nick into further compliance by revealing that the entire contest was a hoax, Chord forces Nick to follow Jill to her house, and he is contacted once again by the trio of hackers, who believe Nick to be a famous hacker. They offer to him in his latest hack, and Nick recruits them to counteract Chord. Meanwhile, Chord hacks into Jills PC when she goes home, when Nick refuses to send her PC a file, Chord demonstrates that he is capable of sneaking into Jills house and killing her. The file turns out to be a feed of Tonys torture by electric current. Horrified, Nick attempts to bargain with Chord for Tonys release, Chord forces Nick to give commands to Jill through her PC, and Nick demands that she reveal her naked breasts. Satisfied with the video, Chord breaks the connection. Nick frantically attempts to warn Jill, but she is kidnapped by Chord, with the help of the hackers, Nick pursues Chord
22.
Elijah Wood
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Elijah Jordan Wood is an American actor, voice actor, DJ, and producer. He made his debut with a minor part in Back to the Future Part II. Landing a succession of roles, he was critically acclaimed as a child actor by age nine. As a child, he starred in the films Radio Flyer, The Good Son, North and he began to take on teenage roles in the films The Ice Storm, Deep Impact and The Faculty. He is best known for his leading role as Frodo Baggins in Peter Jacksons epic film trilogy The Lord of the Rings. Since then, he has chosen varied roles in such as Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, Sin City, Green Street, Everything Is Illuminated. Wood provided the voice of Mumble in the animated musical films Happy Feet and Happy Feet Two. In 2005, he started his own label, Simian Records. He did the voice acting for Spyro in the Legend of Spyro trilogy, from 2011-14, Wood played the role of Ryan Newman in FXs dark comedy, Wilfred. As of late autumn 2016, he co-stars in the BBC America series Dirk Gentlys Holistic Detective Agency, Wood was born on January 28,1981 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, the second of three children. His parents, Debbie and Warren Wood, operated a delicatessen, Wood is of Austrian, Danish, English, German, and Polish descent. He has a brother, Zachariah, who is a video game producer at Sony, and a younger sister, Hannah. At age seven, Wood began modeling in his hometown and took piano lessons, in elementary school, he appeared in The Sound of Music, followed by the title character in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. He also served as boy in a Marion Creative Council production of See How They Run. In 1989, his parents sold their delicatessen and the family–without his father–moved to Los Angeles for Wood to pursue an acting career and his parents divorced when he was 15. Wood modeled and did local commercials and he got his first break in the video for Paula Abduls Forever Your Girl, directed by David Fincher. This was followed by a role in the TV film, Child in the Night. Playing Aidan Quinns son in Avalon and Tin Men garnered professional attention for Wood, a small part in Richard Geres Internal Affairs, was followed by the role of a boy who brings estranged couple Melanie Griffith and Don Johnson back together in Paradise
23.
Tyler Perry
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Tyler Perry is an American actor, comedian, filmmaker, writer, and songwriter, specializing in the gospel genre. Perry wrote and produced stage plays during the 1990s and early 2000s. In 2011, Forbes named him the highest paid man in entertainment, Perry is known for both creating and performing as the Madea character, a tough elderly black woman. Perry also creates films, some produced as live recordings of stage plays, Perry is estimated to have earned around US$75 million by 2008. Many of Perrys stage-play films have been adapted as professional films. Perry has also created several shows, his most successful of which is Tyler Perrys House of Payne. On October 2,2012, Perry struck an exclusive partnership with Oprah Winfrey. The partnership was largely for the purposes of bringing scripted television to the OWN network, Perry has created multiple scripted series for the network, the most successful being The Haves and the Have Nots. As of 2014, The Haves and the Have Nots has given OWN its highest ratings to date. The series has also referred to as being one of OWNs biggest success stories with its weekly dose of soapy fun, filled with the typical betrayals, affairs, manipulations. Perrys work has earned enough serious attention to lead to the publishing of a book about him and his work. Perry was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, as Emmitt Perry Jr. the son of Willie Maxine Perry and Emmitt Perry, Perry once said his fathers answer to everything was to beat it out of you. As a child, Perry once went so far as to attempt suicide in an effort to escape his fathers beatings, in contrast to his father, his mother took him to church each week, where he sensed a certain refuge and contentment. At age 16, he had his first name legally changed from Emmitt to Tyler in an effort to distance himself from his father, a DNA test Perry took in the 2010s stated that Emmitt Sr. was not Perrys biological father. While Perry did not complete school, he earned a GED. This comment inspired him to himself to a career in writing. He soon started writing a series of letters to himself, which became the basis for the musical I Know Ive Been Changed. Around 1990, Perry moved to Atlanta, where two years later I Know Ive Been Changed was first performed at a community theater, financed by the 22-year-old Perrys $12,000 life savings
24.
Oprah Winfrey Network (U.S. TV channel)
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The Oprah Winfrey Network, named for the former daytime talk-show host Oprah Winfrey, is an American television channel owned by Harpo Productions and Discovery Communications. It debuted on January 1,2011, in approximately 80 million homes, in late 2012, Tyler Perry partnered with OWN to provide it with scripted television programming. One of Perrys series, The Haves and the Have Nots has consistently posted very successful ratings and has set a preeminent record on OWN, as of February 2015, OWN is available to approximately 81.9 million pay television households in the United States. OWN broadcasts in both resolution and high-definition resolution. All markets of DirecTV, AT&T Uverse, Dish Network, Cablevision, charter Communications, Cox, Time Warner Cable and Verizon FiOS carry the HD feed of the channel only in some markets. PlayStation Vue carries the channel at on its service, which is broadcast over the internet, comcast/Xfinity have yet to carry the channel in HD. The primetime programming varies and is repeated in late night, followed by a movie and a morning block of talk shows including Dr. Phil, Rachel Ray. The programming includes a mix of programs, specials, documentaries. The channel does not air infomercials, in Canada, the former Canadian version of Discovery Health, owned by Shaw Media, did not become a Canadian version of OWN, instead shifting to a reality-based format known as Twist TV. Instead, Corus Entertainment agreed to launch a Canadian version of OWN—its existing channel Viva was re-launched as OWN on March 1,2011, during January and February 2011, selected OWN programming aired on both Viva and the co-owned W Network. Both Shaw Media and Corus share common ownership interests from the J. R. Shaw family, Winfrey revealed to The New York Times that she is in final negotiations to release the channel in Brazil and Argentina. An OWN Programming Block that features popular series such as Oprahs Next Chapter, Oprahs Lifeclass, the same programming block began airing Discovery Home & Health in Australia on August 4,2013. It was announced on September 20,2013, that the OWN Programming Block would begin airing in South Africa on DStv beginning October 17,2013. OWN Programming Block also debuted in Poland and Russia in August and September, it debuted on October 28,2013. In October 2012, Tyler Perry entered into a partnership with OWN, according to the terms, all of Perrys new TV projects would air on the OWN network. These TV projects would comprise a total of 90 episodes and help the network fill its schedule with original content. All three series were renewed after their respective first seasons on OWN, on January 9,2014, it was announced that OWN ordered a drama series If Loving You Is Wrong. The show premiered on September 9,2014
25.
Fox Broadcasting Company
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The Fox Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is owned by the Fox Entertainment Group subsidiary of 21st Century Fox. It is the third largest major network in the world based on total revenues, assets. Launched on October 9,1986 as a competitor to the Big Three television networks, Fox and its affiliated companies operate many entertainment channels in international markets, although these do not necessarily air the same programming as the U. S. network. Most viewers in Canada have access to at least one U. S, the network is named after sister company 20th Century Fox, and indirectly for producer William Fox, who founded one of the movie studios predecessors, Fox Film. Fox is a member of the North American Broadcasters Association and the National Association of Broadcasters, 20th Century Fox had been involved in television production as early as the 1950s, producing several syndicated programs. Following the demise of the DuMont Television Network in August of that year after it became mired in financial problems. 20th Century Fox would also produce original content for the NTA network, KTTV in Los Angeles, KRIV in Houston, WFLD-TV in Chicago, and KRLD-TV in Dallas. In October 1985, 20th Century Fox announced its intentions to form a television network that would compete with ABC, CBS. The plans were to use the combination of the Fox studios, organizational plans for the network were held off until the Metromedia acquisitions cleared regulatory hurdles. Then, in December 1985, Rupert Murdoch agreed to pay $325 million to acquire the remaining equity in TCF Holdings from his original partner, Marvin Davis. These first six stations, then broadcasting to a reach of 22% of the nations households. Except for KDAF, all of the original owned-and-operated stations are part of the Fox network today. Like the core O&O group, Foxs affiliate body consisted of independent stations. The Fox Broadcasting Company launched at 11,00 p. m. Eastern and its inaugural program was a late-night talk show, The Late Show, which was hosted by comedian Joan Rivers. By early 1987, Rivers quit The Late Show after disagreements with the network over the creative direction. The network expanded its programming into prime time on April 5,1987, with Children and the sketch comedy series The Tracey Ullman Show. Fox added one new show per week over the several weeks, with the drama 21 Jump Street. On July 11, the network rolled out its Saturday night schedule with the premiere of the drama series Werewolf
26.
Gang Related (TV series)
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Gang Related is an American action drama television series that aired on Fox from May 22 to August 14,2014. The network placed the series order on May 8,2013. On September 2,2014, Fox cancelled the series and he was born in a poor town in Mexico, and moved to the United States illegally with his new family at that time. Jay Hernandez as Daniel Acosta, son of the Acosta family who is working as an investment banker and is Ryans childhood best friend, RZA as Cassius Green, DEA Agent and Ryans second partner. Sung Kang as Tae Kim, FBI Agent and Veronicas partner and he has a sister, who suffered a brain injury and lives in a long-term care facility. Inbar Lavi as Veronika Vee Dotsen, ICE Agent and Taes partner and she was stuck by a needle and is uncertain if she will be HIV positive. Her brother, Anton, is in prison for life, rey Gallegos as Carlos Acosta, older son of Acosta family who is a lieutenant of the Los Angelicos gang. Shantel VanSanten as Jessica Jess Mary Chapel, Assistant District Attorney of Los Angeles County who is also Sam Chapels daughter, Cliff Curtis as Javier Acosta, Head of the Los Angelicos and patriarch of the Acosta family. His parents were working at a restaurant when it burned down. Javier and other still in the basement escaped, but not his parents. Terry OQuinn as Sam Chapel, Head of the LAPD Gang Task Force, Chapel goes rogue at times to achieve justice. She was Ryans girlfriend before he joined the Army and her name is tattooed on his arm. When he came back, she was with Daniel, amaury Nolasco as Matias, killer working for the Metas. Hes famous for using his signature sledgehammer in executions, reviews for the show were mixed. It currently holds a 42% approval rating with a score of 5. 7/10 on review aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes. The consensus states, Gang Related focuses more on being dark and edgy than delivering an original narrative and it has also received mixed critical reception on Metacritic, with a Metascore of 52, signifying mixed or average reviews. Dorothy Rabinowitz at The Wall Street Journal wrote, the writing is sharp, in contrast, The Hollywood Reporters Tim Goodman wrote, it’s pretty clear right away that you’re dealing with a pile of clichés that, pushed together and financed, can never be more than dreadful. In January 2013, Fox announced that it had received an order for the project
27.
HBO
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Home Box Office is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc. HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service in the United States, in 2014, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.79 billion, compared to the US$1.68 billion it accrued in 2013. HBO has 49 million subscribers in the United States and 130 million worldwide as of 2016, the network provides seven 24-hour multiplex channels, including HBO Comedy, HBO Latino, HBO Signature and HBO Family. It launched the streaming service HBO Now in April 2015, and has over 2 million subscribers in the United States as of February 2017. In addition to its U. S. subscriber base, HBO distributes content in at least 151 countries, HBO subscribers generally pay for an extra tier of service that includes other cable- and satellite-exclusive channels even before paying for the channel itself. Cable providers can require the use of a converter box – usually digital – in order to receive HBO, many HBO programs have been syndicated to other networks and broadcast television stations, and a number of HBO-produced series and films have been released on DVD. The new system, which Dolan named Sterling Information Services, became the first urban underground cable system in the United States. In that same year, Time-Life, Inc. purchased a 20% stake in Dolans company, in the summer of 1971, while on a family vacation in France, Charles Dolan began to think of ideas to make Sterling Manhattan profitable. He came up with the concept for a television service. Dolan later presented his idea to Time-Life management, though satellite distribution seemed only a distant possibility at the time, he persuaded Time-Life to back him on the project. To gauge whether consumers would be interested in subscribing to a pay television service, in a meeting of Dolan and some Time-Life executives who were working on the project, various other names were discussed for the new service. Home Box Office launched on November 8,1972, however, HBOs launch came without fanfare in the press, as it was not covered by any local or national media outlets. Home Box Office distributed its first sports event immediately after the film, Four months later in February 1973, Home Box Office aired its first television special, the Pennsylvania Polka Festival. Home Box Office would use a network of relay towers to distribute its programming to cable systems throughout its service area. Sterling Manhattan Cable continued to lose money because the company had only a small base of 20,000 customers in Manhattan. Time-Life dropped the Sterling name and the company was renamed Manhattan Cable Television under Time-Lifes control in March 1973, Gerald Levin, who had been with Home Box Office since it began operations as its vice president of programming, replaced Dolan as the companys president and chief executive officer. In September 1973, Time-Life, Inc. completed its acquisition of the pay service. HBO would eventually increase its fortunes within two years, by April 1975, the service had around 100,000 subscribers in Pennsylvania and New York state, in 1974, they settled on using a geostationary communications satellite to transmit HBO to cable providers throughout the United States
28.
Westworld (TV series)
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Westworld is an American science fiction western thriller television series created by Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy for HBO. It is based on the 1973 film of the name, which was written and directed by American novelist Michael Crichton. It is the second TV series based on the two films, the first being the short-lived 1980 series Beyond Westworld, Nolan and Joy serve as executive producers along with J. J. Abrams, Jerry Weintraub, and Bryan Burk, with Nolan directing the pilot. The first season premiered on October 2,2016, concluded on December 4,2016, in November 2016, HBO renewed the show for a 10-episode second season, planned for a 2018 debut. The story takes place in the fictional Westworld, a technologically advanced Wild West–themed amusement park populated by android hosts, Westworld caters to high-paying guests, who may indulge in whatever they wish within the park, without fear of retaliation from the hosts. Westworld has received reviews by critics, with particular praise for the visuals, story. Evan Rachel Wood as Dolores Abernathy, the oldest host still working in the park, Thandie Newton as Maeve Millay, a host, she is a madam. Like Dolores, she discovers that her life is an elaborate lie. Jeffrey Wright as Bernard Lowe, a host, Head of the Westworld Programming Division, james Marsden as Teddy Flood, a host, he is a newly arrived gunfighter who is looking for Dolores to rekindle their relationship. Ingrid Bolsø Berdal as Armistice, a host, she is a brutal and ruthless bandit, luke Hemsworth as Ashley Stubbs, the head of Westworld security, charged with monitoring host and human interactions and ensuring the safety of the guests. Sidse Babett Knudsen as Theresa Cullen, Westworlds terse operations leader, Simon Quarterman as Lee Sizemore, Westworlds narrative director, whose artistic temperament aggravates his co-workers. Rodrigo Santoro as Hector Escaton, a host, he is a gang leader bent on survival. Angela Sarafyan as Clementine Pennyfeather, a host, she works for Maeve and is one of Westworlds most popular attractions, lili Simmons portrays another host fulfilling the same role when the original Clementine is decommissioned. Shannon Woodward as Elsie Hughes, a star in the Programming Division tasked with remedying odd behavior in the parks hosts. Ed Harris as the Man in Black, a rich, sadistic veteran guest of Westworld, Jimmi Simpson as William, a reluctant first-time visitor to Westworld, joining his future brother-in-law, Logan. Initially dismissive of the more lascivious attractions, he slowly uncovers a deeper meaning to the parks narrative. Anthony Hopkins as Robert Ford, the founder and creative director of Westworld, Ben Barnes as Logan, a long-time guest. His hedonistic romp through Westworld is equally motivated by self-indulgence and a desire to help his future brother-in-law, William
29.
Out (magazine)
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Out is an LGBT fashion, entertainment, and lifestyle magazine, with the highest circulation of any LGBT monthly publication in the United States. It presents itself in a manner similar to Details, Esquire. Out was owned by Robert Hardman of Boston, its investor, until 2000, when he sold it to LPI Media. In 2008, PlanetOut Inc. sold LPI Media to Regent Entertainment Media, Inc. a division of Here Media, Out was founded by Michael Goff in 1992 as editor in chief and president. The executive editor was Sarah Pettit, when Scott joined Out, the company had annual revenues of less than $4 million and expenses of $7 million. Scott changed Outs LGBT focus, arguing that gay men and lesbians had little in other than political and legal issues. He fired Pettit and hired James Collard, editor of Attitude, audited circulation grew by 67 percent to over 130,000 and the household income of the average Out reader, as measured by MRI, grew from $70,000 a year to $90,000 a year. Three years after Scott took control of Out, it had tripled its revenue and those changes positioned the publication for a sale by Hardman to LPI Media in 2000. In 2001 the circulation was 100,000, by 2006, when the magazine was acquired by PlanetOut, Outs circulation had reached 130,000. Some lesbians have criticized Out for primarily focusing on gay men, a writer for the website After Ellen noted that in 2008, no lesbians were featured on the magazines cover, and that only 22% of the persons featured in the Out 100 were lesbians. In 2008, Out, along with its sister publication The Advocate, was purchased by Here Media Inc, since acquiring the brand, Here Media has expanded the magazine’s web presence, OUT. com, and added a mobile application. On April 18,2012, it was announced that a newly formed company, Grand Editorial, Out editor-in-chief Aaron Hicklin founded Grand. Although the in-house editorial department was eliminated, Hicklin said that he would hire most of the staff back as contracted freelancers. In 2013, Here Media and Out hosted the 19th annual OUT100 event in New York City at Terminal 5, the annual event celebrates the compelling people who have had a hand in moving forward LGBT rights. Out introduced a Reader’s Choice Award in 2013 in addition to its editorially curated list of the top 100 honorees, official website - www. out. com Corporate website - www. heremedia. com
30.
The Predator (film)
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The Predator is an upcoming science fiction action horror film directed by Shane Black and co-written by Fred Dekker. It is the installment in the Predator franchise, following Predator, Predator 2. The film stars Boyd Holbrook, Olivia Munn, Trevante Rhodes, Keegan-Michael Key, Sterling K. Brown, Jacob Tremblay, the film is set to be released on February 9,2018, by 20th Century Fox. Boyd Holbrook as Quinn McKenna, a former Marine and Special Forces commando who discovers the existence of the fierce Predators but finds that no one believes they exist. James Franco was originally offered the role but passed on it before Benicio del Toro was cast, Olivia Munn as Casey Bracket, a scientist opposite Quinn. Trevante Rhodes as Nebraska Williams, a former Marine who enlists in a special Predator-hunting operation headed up by Quinn,50 Cent was originally in talks to play the role before Rhodes was cast. Keegan-Michael Key as a man who teams up with Quinn and Williams to fight the Predators, Sterling K. Brown as a government agent who jails Quinn but later needs his help with fighting the Predators. Thomas Jane Yvonne Strahovski as Quinns ex-wife and the mother to Tremblays character, Alfie Allen as a former Marine who teams with several other outsiders, including Quinn, to stop the human-hunting Predators in suburbia. Augusto Aguilera Jake Busey Edward James Olmos as a military figure, nimród Antal had talked about making a sequel to Predators and said he would love to do one. Robert Rodriguez has said that he is interested in a sequel because of the number of potential ideas the Predator planet setting provides. Just following Laurence Fishburnes character around in a prequel would be a great movie, just the tales he tells in this movie alone, I want to see those experiences. So we already have ideas that we can go with for a sequel. They would all be good ideas but we would put them together to see which one rises to the top. In 2010, Rodriguez confirmed that there would be a Predators sequel, said, what other story ideas do you have. Because it was like, lets test out the market with this one and they really wanted it to be pretty contained, pretty scaled-back. They didnt want to put too many of the ideas into it that we could save for a second one, so we could see what the appetite was, because the bigger movie would actually be what comes following that. That kind of sets up a new storyline, new location and world, adrien Brody also spoke about reprising his role in a possible sequel, I think a lot of that is determined by the success of the film. And I dont think that far ahead, the idea of reprising the role and going farther into that character is interesting to me… It would be exciting to watch a character progress or deteriorate
31.
Calvin Klein
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Calvin Klein Inc. is an American fashion house founded by the fashion designer Calvin Klein. The company is headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City and is owned by PVH. In 1968, Klein founded Calvin Klein Limited, a shop in the York Hotel in New York City. The first Calvin Klein collection was a line of youthful, understated coats, in September 1969, Klein appeared on the cover of Vogue magazine. By 1971, Klein had added sportswear, classic blazers, in 1973, he received his first Coty American Fashion Critics Award for his 74-piece womenswear collection - the youngest recipient at that time. Klein won the award again in 1974 and 1975, by 1977, annual revenues had increased to $30 million, and Klein had licenses for scarves, shoes, belts, furs, sunglasses, and sheets. Klein and Schwartz were making $4 million each, after the company signed licenses for cosmetics, jeans, and menswear, Kleins annual retail volume was estimated at $100 million. In 1978, Klein claimed sales of 200,000 pairs of his famous jeans the first week they were on the market, by 1981, Fortune figured Kleins annual income at $8.5 million a year. In the mid-1970s, he had created a designer-jeans craze by putting his name on the back pocket. The gift was assumed by Schwartz to be part of the upcoming line, in the late 1970s, the company also made attempts to set up its own fragrance and cosmetics lines, but soon withdrew from the market with big financial losses. The stunning growth continued through the early eighties, the licensing program, which brought in $24,000 when it was initiated in 1974, had royalty income of $7.3 million ten years later. That year, worldwide sales were estimated at more than $600 million. His annual income passed $12 million, and indeed, in late 1987, it was said that the sale of the company to Triangle Industries, a container manufacturer, had only failed because of the crashing stock market. During his 1990-1995 stint as Calvin Kleins head of design, John Varvatos pioneered a type of mens underwear called boxer briefs. Made famous by a series of 1992 print ads featuring Mark Marky Mark Wahlberg, Klein was named Americas Best Designer for his minimalist all-American designs in 1993, and it came as a surprise in 1999 when it was announced that CKI was again up for sale. Planning to expand its business, the company had been approached by two luxury goods companies, LVMH and Pinault Printemps Redoute, to join Calvin Klein, but nothing resulted. Other potentials like Tommy Hilfiger Corp. and Italys Holding di Partecipazioni proved to be similar disappointments because of CKIs steep price tag of supposedly $1 billion, after seven months and no potential buyer, Klein announced that his empire was not on the market anymore. The company would never manage to go public, which had supposedly been Kleins plan once, in mid-December 2002, Calvin Klein Inc
32.
Mahershala Ali
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Mahershalalhashbaz Mahershala Ali is an American actor and rapper. Ali began his career as a regular on such as Crossing Jordan. Ali is also known for his roles in the Netflix series House of Cards as Remy Danton and his win at the 89th Academy Awards made him the first Muslim actor to win an Oscar. Ali was born in 1974, in Oakland, California, son of Willicia and he was raised in Cleveland, Ohio and returned to Oakland when he was fourteen. He is named after Maher-shalal-hash-baz, a biblical prophetic-name child, raised Christian by his mother, an ordained minister, he later converted to Islam, changing his surname from Gilmore to Ali, and joined the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. He attended St. Marys College of California in Moraga, where he graduated in 1996 with a degree in mass communication, though Ali entered SMC with a basketball scholarship, he became disenchanted with the idea of a sports career because of the treatment given to the teams athletes. Ali developed an interest in acting, particularly taking part in a staging of Spunk that later landed him an apprenticeship at the California Shakespeare Theater following graduation. Following a sabbatical year where Ali worked for Gavin Report, he enrolled in New York Universitys graduate acting program, Ali was known professionally as Mahershalalhashbaz Ali until 2010. His win at the 89th Academy Awards made him the first Muslim actor to win an Oscar, Ali was signed to Bay Area recording label Hieroglyphics Imperium during the late 2000s and recorded music as Prince Ali. He released his album, Curb Side Service, in 2007, Ali is a Muslim and a member of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. He is married to Amatus-Sami Karim and he named his cat Nas, after the musician. On February 22,2017, he and his wife welcomed their first child, a daughter named Bari Najma
33.
Jay-Z
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Shawn Corey Carter, known professionally as Jay Z, is an American rapper, businessman, and investor. He is one of the musicians of all time, having sold more than 100 million records. MTV ranked him the Greatest MC of all time in 2006, Rolling Stone ranked three of his albums—Reasonable Doubt, The Blueprint, and The Black Album —among the 500 greatest albums of all time. In 2014, Forbes estimated his net worth at nearly $520 million, Jay Z co-owns the New York 40/40 Club sports bar, and is the co-creator of the clothing line Rocawear. He is the president of Def Jam Recordings, co-founder of Roc-A-Fella Records. He also founded the sports agency Roc Nation Sports and is a certified NBA, as an artist, he holds the record for most number one albums by a solo artist on the Billboard 200 with 13. He has also had four number ones on the Billboard Hot 100, in 2009, he was ranked the tenth-most successful artist of the 2000s by Billboard as well as the fifth top solo male artist and fourth top rapper behind Eminem, Nelly, and 50 Cent. He was also ranked the 88th-greatest artist of all time by Rolling Stone, Jay Z married Singer-Songwriter Beyoncé in 2008. Shawn Carter was born in Brooklyn, New York, and was raised in Marcy Houses and he and his three siblings were raised by their mother, Gloria Carter after their father, Adness Reeves abandoned the family. Reeves would later meet and reconcile with Jay Z before dying from liver failure in 2003, Jay Z claims in his lyrics that in 1982, at the age of 12, he shot his older brother in the shoulder for stealing his jewelry. Along with future rapper AZ, Carter attended Eli Whitney High School in Brooklyn until it was closed down, according to his interviews and lyrics, during this period he sold crack cocaine and was shot at three times. According to his mother, Carter used to wake up his siblings at night banging out drum patterns on the kitchen table and she bought him a boom box for his birthday, sparking his interest in music. He began freestyling and writing lyrics, known as Jazzy around the neighborhood, Carter later adopted the showbiz/stage name Jay-Z in homage to his mentor Jaz-O. He would drop the hyphen in 2013, Jay Z can be briefly heard on several of Jaz-Os early recordings in the late 1980s and early 1990s, including The Originators and Hawaiian Sophie. Jay Z became embroiled in several battles with rapper LL Cool J in the early 1990s and he first became known to a wide audience on the posse cut Show and Prove on the 1994 Big Daddy Kane album Daddys Home. When I would leave the stage to go change outfits, I would bring out Jay Z and Positive K and let them freestyle until I came back to the stage. The young Jay Z appeared on a song by Big L, Da Graveyard, and on Mic Geronimos Time to Build. His first official rap single was called In My Lifetime, for which he released a music video, an unreleased music video was also produced for the B-side I Cant Get with That
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