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Public university
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A public university is a university that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government, as opposed to private universities. Whether a national university is considered public varies from one country to another, in Egypt, Al-Azhar University opened in 975 AD as the second oldest university in the world. In Nigeria Public Universities can be established by both the Federal Government and by State Governments, students are enrolled after completing the 8-4-4 system of education and attaining a mark of C+ or above. They are also eligible for a low interest loan from the Higher Education Loan Board and they are expected to pay back the loan after completing higher education. South Africa has 23 public tertiary institutions, either categorised as a traditional university or a comprehensive university. Almost entire national universities in Brunei are public universities and these are major universities in Brunei, University of Brunei Darussalam Brunei Technological University Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University There are 40 public universities in Bangladesh. The University Grant Commission is the body for all the public universities in Bangladesh. The universities do not deal directly with the government, but with the University Grants Commission, recently many private universities are established under the Private University Act of 1992. In mainland China, nearly all universities and research institutions are public and currently, the public universities are usually run by the provincial governments, there are also circumstances where the municipal governments administer the universities. Some public universities are national, which are administered by the central government. Private undergraduate colleges do exist, which are vocational colleges sponsored by private enterprises. The majority of universities are not entitled to award bachelors degrees. Public universities usually enjoy higher reputation domestically, eight institutions are funded by the University Grants Committee. The Academy for Performing Arts also receives funding from the government, the Open University of Hong Kong is also a public university, but it is largely self-financed. The Shue Yan University is the private institution with the status of a university. There are public and private institutes in Indonesia. The government provide public universities, institutes, high schools and academies in each province, the private educational institution usually provided by religious organizations, public organizations, and some big companies. In India, most universities and nearly all research institutions are public, There are some private undergraduate colleges, mostly engineering schools, but a majority of these are affiliated to public universities
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Financial endowment
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A financial endowment is a donation of money or property to a nonprofit organization for the ongoing support of that organization. An endowment may come with stipulations regarding its usage, the total value of an institutions investments is often referred to as the institutions endowment and is typically organized as a public charity, private foundation, or trust. Among the institutions that commonly manage endowments are academic institutions, cultural institutions, service organizations, the earliest endowed chairs were those established by the Roman emperor and Stoic philosopher Marcus Aurelius in Athens in AD176. Aurelius created one endowed chair for each of the schools of philosophy, Platonism, Aristotelianism, Stoicism. Later, similar endowments were set up in other major cities of the Empire. Today, the University of Glasgow has fifteen Regius Professorships, private individuals soon adopted the practice of endowing professorships. Isaac Newton held the Lucasian Chair of Mathematics at Cambridge beginning in 1669, unrestricted endowment can be used in any way the recipient chooses to carry out its mission. Term endowment funds stipulate that all or part of the principal may be expended only after the expiration of a period of time or occurrence of a specified event. Quasi endowment funds must retain the purpose and intent as specified by the donor or source of the original funds, Endowment revenue can be restricted by donors to serve many purposes. Endowed professorships or scholarships restricted to a subject are common. Ignoring the restriction is called invading the endowment, but change of circumstance or financial duress like bankruptcy can preclude carrying out the donors intent. A court can alter the use of restricted endowment under a doctrine called cy-près meaning to find an alternative as near as possible to the donors intent, the restricted/unrestricted distinction focuses on the use of the funds, see quasi-endowment below for a distinction about whether principal can be spent. Academic institutions, such as colleges and universities, will control a endowment fund that finances a portion of the operating or capital requirements of the institution. In addition to an endowment fund, each university may also control a number of restricted endowments that are intended to fund specific areas within the institution. The most common examples are endowed professorships, and endowed scholarships or fellowships, in the United States, the endowment is often integral to the financial health of educational institutions. Alumni or friends of institutions sometimes contribute capital to the endowment, the endowment funding culture is strong in the United States and Canada but less pronounced overseas, with the exceptions of Cambridge and Oxford universities. Endowment funds have also created to support secondary and elementary school districts in several states in the United States. An endowed professorship is a position permanently paid for with the revenue from an endowment fund set up for that purpose
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Postgraduate education
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In North America, this level is generally referred to as graduate school. The organization and structure of education varies in different countries. This article outlines the types of courses and of teaching and examination methods. There are two types of degrees studied for at the postgraduate level, academic and vocational degrees. The term degree in this means the moving from one stage or level to another. University studies took six years for a degree and up to twelve additional years for a masters degree or doctorate. The first six years taught the faculty of the arts, which was the study of the seven liberal arts, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music theory, grammar, logic, the main emphasis was on logic. Once a Bachelor of Arts degree had been obtained, the student could choose one of three faculties—law, medicine, or theology—in which to pursue masters or doctors degrees. Because theology was thought to be the highest of the subjects, the main significance of the higher, postgraduate degrees was that they licensed the holder to teach. In most countries, the hierarchy of postgraduate degrees is as follows, in Scottish Universities, the Master of Philosophy degree tends to be by research or higher masters degree and the Master of Letters degree tends to be the taught or lower masters degree. In many fields such as social work, or library science in North America. Professional degrees such as the Master of Architecture degree can last to three and a years to satisfy professional requirement to be an architect. Professional degrees such as the Master of Business Administration degree can last up to two years to satisfy the requirement to become a business leader. These are often divided into academic and professional doctorates. An academic doctorate can be awarded as a Doctor of Philosophy degree or as a Doctor of Science degree, a doctorate is the terminal degree in most fields. In the United States, there is distinction between a Doctor of Philosophy degree and a Doctor of Science degree. In the second half of the 19th century, however, US universities began to follow the European model by awarding doctorates, in the UK, an equivalent formation to doctorate is the NVQ5 or QCF8. Most universities award degrees, usually at the postgraduate level
4.
Kirksville, Missouri
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Kirksville is a city in and the county seat of Adair County, Missouri, United States. Located in the Benton Township, its population was 17,505 at the 2010 census, Kirksville is home to two colleges, Truman State University and A. T. Kirksville was laid out in 1841 on a 40-acre site, and was first incorporated in 1857. According to tradition, Jesse Kirk, Kirksvilles first postmaster, shared a dinner of turkey and whiskey with surveyors working in the area on the condition that they would name the town after him. Not only the first postmaster, Kirk was also the first to own a hotel, contrary to popular belief, the name of the city has no connection to John Kirk, onetime president of Truman State University from 1899 to 1925. However, the grandson of Jesse Kirk reported that the town was named for Kirk’s son John, the Battle of Kirksville was fought August 6–9,1862, during the American Civil War. Union troops led by John McNeil forced Confederate volunteers under Joseph Porter to vacate the city, casualty estimates range from 150-200 dead and up to 400 wounded. According to the August 12,1862, Quincy Herald there were 8 Federal dead and 25 wounded, the victorious Union commander, Colonel McNeil, gained brief national attention for his post-battle execution of a small number of Confederate prisoners. These prisoners had previously captured in battle and then paroled with the understanding they would no longer take up arms against the Union, upon penalty of death if recaptured. Nonetheless, Confederate government officials were outraged, and it is said that Confederate president Jefferson Davis even called for the execution of Colonel McNeil if he were to be captured. On the evening of April 27,1899, a passing through Adair County cut a path of destruction three blocks wide, killed 32 people and destroyed hundreds of buildings. On May 13,2009, Kirksville was again the victim of a large tornado, two residents living just outside the city limits were killed by the tornado, and as many as a dozen other area residents were injured. The story and extensive video of the 2009 twister was featured in season 2 of Storm Chasers on the Discovery Channel as well as a 2010 episode of Storm Stories on The Weather Channel. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 14.43 square miles. Kirksville anchors a micropolitan area that comprises Adair and Schuyler counties, as of the census of 2010, there were 17,505 people,6,714 households, and 3,066 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,216.5 inhabitants per square mile, there were 7,434 housing units at an average density of 516.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 92. 3% White,2. 2% African American,0. 2% Native American,2. 4% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,0. 8% from other races, and 2. 0% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 7% of the population,37. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
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Missouri
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Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1821. With over six million residents, it is the eighteenth most populous state, the largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. The capitol is in Jefferson City on the Missouri River, the state is the twenty-first most extensive by area and is geographically diverse. The Northern Plains were once covered by glaciers, then tallgrass prairie, in the South are the Ozarks, a forested highland, providing timber, minerals, and recreation. The Mississippi River forms the border of the state, eventually flowing into the swampy Missouri Bootheel. Humans have inhabited the land now known as Missouri for at least 12,000 years, the Mississippian culture built cities and mounds, before declining in the 1300s. When European explorers arrived in the 1600s they encountered the Osage, the French established Louisiana, a part of New France, and founded Ste. Genevieve in 1735 and St. Louis in 1764, after a brief period of Spanish rule, the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Americans from the Upland South, including enslaved African Americans, rushed into the new Missouri Territory, many from Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee settled in the Boonslick area of Mid-Missouri. Soon after, heavy German immigration formed the Missouri Rhineland, Missouri played a central role in the westward expansion of the United States, as memorialized by the Gateway Arch. The Pony Express, Oregon Trail, Santa Fe Trail, as a border state, Missouris role in the American Civil War was complex and there were many conflicts within. After the war, both Greater St. Louis and the Kansas City metropolitan area became centers of industrialization and business, today, the state is divided into 114 counties and the independent city of St. Louis. Missouris culture blends elements from the Midwestern and Southern United States, the musical styles of ragtime, Kansas City jazz, and St. Louis Blues, developed in Missouri. The well-known Kansas City-style barbecue, and lesser known St. Louis-style barbecue can be found across the state, St. Louis is also a major center of beer brewing, Anheuser-Busch is the largest producer in the world. Missouri wine is produced in the nearby Missouri Rhineland and Ozarks, Missouris alcohol laws are among the most permissive in the United States. Outside of the large cities popular tourist destinations include the Lake of the Ozarks, U. S. President Harry S. Truman is from Missouri. Other well known Missourians include Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry, some of the largest companies based in the state include Express Scripts, Monsanto, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, and OReilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the Mother of the West and the Cave State, however, Missouris most famous nickname is the Show Me State, the state is named for the Missouri River, which was named after the indigenous Missouri Indians, a Siouan-language tribe
6.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
7.
Truman Bulldogs
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The Truman Bulldogs are the sports teams of Truman State University, located in Kirksville, Missouri. The official mascot of Truman State Athletic teams is the Bulldog, james S. Stokes Stadium is the home of the TSU Bulldog football and track and field teams. Inside the stadium is the Kenneth Gardner Track, john J. Pershing Arena It is the home for Bulldog Basketball, Volleyball and Wrestling and also serves as the main practice facility for the Truman Athletics Department. Bulldog Softball Park is the site of Truman’s softball field, and is located just south of Stokes Stadium, the softball field was constructed in 1972 and has a seating capacity for 200 spectators. Additional seating can be transported in when necessary, Bulldog Baseball Park is the site of Truman’s baseball field, and is located just south of Stokes Stadium. Bulldog Soccer Park is home of the Bulldog soccer teams, Truman Tennis Courts is home of the Truman Tennis Teams
8.
NCAA Division II
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Division II is an intermediate-level division of competition in the National Collegiate Athletic Association. It offers an alternative to both the larger and better-funded Division I and to the scholarship-free environment offered in Division III, before 1973, the NCAAs smaller schools were grouped together in the College Division. In 1973, the College Division split in two when the NCAA began using numeric designations for its competitions, nationally, ESPN televises the championship game in football, CBS televises the mens basketball championship, and ESPN2 televises the womens basketball championship. CBS Sports Network broadcasts six football games on Thursdays during the regular season, the official slogan of NCAA Division II, implemented in 2015, is Make It Yours. There are currently 300 full and 20 provisional members of Division II with seven institutions moving to full membership in September 2015, Division II schools tend to be smaller public universities and many private institutions. A large minority of Division II institutions have fewer than 2,499 students, only six institutions have more than 15,000 students. Division II has a membership, with two active member institutions in Alaska and four in Hawaii. Additionally, it is the division that has member institutions in Puerto Rico. Simon Fraser University became the first institution outside the US to enter the NCAA membership process and this occurred after the Division II Membership Committee accepted the institutions application during a July 7–9 meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana. Simon Fraser, located in the Vancouver suburb of Burnaby, British Columbia, prospective members also must complete at least one year of provisional status before being accepted as full-time Division II members. In the fall of 2012, the NCAA Presidents Council officially approved Simon Fraser University as the organizations first international member. Division II institutions have to sponsor at least five sports for men and five for women, for sports other than football and basketball there are no scheduling requirements. There are not attendance requirements for football, nor arena size requirements for basketball, there are maximum financial aid awards for each sport, as well as a separate limit on financial aid awards in mens sports, that a Division II school must not exceed. Division II teams usually feature a number of local or in-state student-athletes, many Division II student-athletes pay for school through a combination of scholarship money, grants, student loans and employment earnings. Division II athletics programs are financed in the institutions budget like other departments on campus. Traditional rivalries with regional institutions dominate schedules of many Division II athletics programs, Athletic scholarships are offered in most sponsored sports at most institutions, but with more stringent limits as to the numbers offered in any one sport than at the Division I level. For example, Division II schools may give financial aid in football equivalent to 36 full scholarships, two exceptions to this rule currently exist. First, football players transferring from a Division I FBS school to a Division I FCS school do not have to sit out a year
9.
Great Lakes Valley Conference
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The Great Lakes Valley Conference is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated at the National Collegiate Athletic Association s Division II level. Member institutions are located in the U. S. states of Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, and Wisconsin. The GLVC is considered one of the top college basketball conferences in the nation. In October 2008, Maryville University and The University of Illinois at Springfield accepted invitations to join the GLVC and began competing in the conference in the fall of 2009. For mens and womens basketball, the split into three divisions based on geography for the 2009–10 and 2010–11 seasons, and reverted to two divisions when William Jewell College joined in 2011. Baseball and Tennis operate in a format, while all other sports run a single table. On January 19,2010 the GLVC announced the addition of football as a championship sport. On October 6,2010 it was announced that McKendree University accepted an invitation to the GLVC as the 17th member of the GLVC, on October 18,2011 it was announced that a new league, the Great Midwest Athletic Conference, was forming for 2013. Charter members include Kentucky Wesleyan from the GLVC along with Central State, joining them are Ursuline, Notre Dame College, and Cedarville, with the G-MAC hoping to expand to 10 members. The new conferences sponsored sports were not immediately announced, on December 8,2011 Northern Kentucky University officially accepted an invitation from the Division I Atlantic Sun Conference, effective July 1,2012. It was announced on June 8,2012 that the GLVC Council of Presidents had voted unanimously to accept Truman State University, located in Kirksville, the Bulldogs began competition in the GLVC effective Fall,2013. Truman was a member of the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association. On November 4,2015 Drury University announced it would begin sponsorship of wrestling in the 2016–17 season becoming the sixth conference member with a wrestling program. Bellarmine announced on June 14,2016 that they would absorb the wrestling program at St. Catharine College, Kentucky Wesleyan — football was an affiliate member in 2012–2014. Full member Full member Associate member Associate member Missouri S&T — Golf begins play in 2017, Missouri S&T — Golf begins play in 2017. ‡ — D-I sport McKendree — Water Polo begins play in 2017, quincy — Lacrosse, Lacrosse begin play in 2017
10.
Liberal arts college
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A liberal arts college is a college with an emphasis on undergraduate study in the liberal arts and sciences. A liberal arts college aims to impart a broad knowledge and develop general intellectual capacities, in contrast to a professional, vocational. Other researchers have adopted similar definitions, most liberal arts colleges outside of the United States follow this model. Liberal arts colleges are distinguished from other types of higher education chiefly by their generalist curricula and these attributes have various secondary effects in terms of administration as well as student experience. For example, class size is much lower at liberal arts colleges than at universities. Many students select liberal arts colleges with precisely this sense of connection in mind. From an administrative standpoint, the size of liberal arts colleges contributes to their cohesion. Job satisfaction is also higher in liberal arts colleges, for both faculty and staff. In addition, most liberal arts colleges are residential, which means students live and learn away from home. The distinctiveness of these attributes is somewhat eroded by the tendency of universities to adopt aspects of the arts college. In addition, some universities have maintained a sub-unit that preserves many aspects of the arts college. Liberal arts colleges themselves sometimes cluster to offer greater curricular breadth or share other resources, most liberal arts colleges nowadays, however, offer more than just liberal arts subjects, such as computer science from the formal science discipline. Liberal arts colleges are found in all parts of the world, the Global Liberal Arts Alliance, which incorporates institutions on five continents, refers to itself as an international, multilateral partnership of American style liberal arts institutions. These colleges served as a means of spreading a basically European cultural model across the new country, the model proliferated in the 19th century, some 212 small liberal arts colleges were established between 1850 and 1899. As of 1987, there were about 540 liberal arts colleges in the United States, the oldest liberal arts college in America is considered to be Washington College, the first college chartered after American independence. Olaf College as well as Augsburg College in Minnesota, and the Claremont Colleges in Southern California, most are private institutions, but a handful of public liberal arts schools exist, such as the University of Mary Washington, and New Saint Andrews College in Moscow, Idaho. Liberal arts colleges are found in Canada, including Mount Allison University, Bishops University. In the Netherlands, universities have opened constituent liberal arts colleges under the university college since the late 1990s
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President of the United States
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The President of the United States is the head of state and head of government of the United States. The president directs the executive branch of the government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States Armed Forces. The president is considered to be one of the worlds most powerful political figures, the role includes being the commander-in-chief of the worlds most expensive military with the second largest nuclear arsenal and leading the nation with the largest economy by nominal GDP. The office of President holds significant hard and soft power both in the United States and abroad, Constitution vests the executive power of the United States in the president. The president is empowered to grant federal pardons and reprieves. The president is responsible for dictating the legislative agenda of the party to which the president is a member. The president also directs the foreign and domestic policy of the United States, since the office of President was established in 1789, its power has grown substantially, as has the power of the federal government as a whole. However, nine vice presidents have assumed the presidency without having elected to the office. The Twenty-second Amendment prohibits anyone from being elected president for a third term, in all,44 individuals have served 45 presidencies spanning 57 full four-year terms. On January 20,2017, Donald Trump was sworn in as the 45th, in 1776, the Thirteen Colonies, acting through the Second Continental Congress, declared political independence from Great Britain during the American Revolution. The new states, though independent of each other as nation states, desiring to avoid anything that remotely resembled a monarchy, Congress negotiated the Articles of Confederation to establish a weak alliance between the states. Out from under any monarchy, the states assigned some formerly royal prerogatives to Congress, only after all the states agreed to a resolution settling competing western land claims did the Articles take effect on March 1,1781, when Maryland became the final state to ratify them. In 1783, the Treaty of Paris secured independence for each of the former colonies, with peace at hand, the states each turned toward their own internal affairs. Prospects for the convention appeared bleak until James Madison and Edmund Randolph succeeded in securing George Washingtons attendance to Philadelphia as a delegate for Virginia. It was through the negotiations at Philadelphia that the presidency framed in the U. S. The first power the Constitution confers upon the president is the veto, the Presentment Clause requires any bill passed by Congress to be presented to the president before it can become law. Once the legislation has been presented, the president has three options, Sign the legislation, the bill becomes law. Veto the legislation and return it to Congress, expressing any objections, in this instance, the president neither signs nor vetoes the legislation
12.
Harry S. Truman
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Harry S. Truman was an American politician who served as the 33rd President of the United States, assuming the office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt during the waning months of World War II. In domestic affairs, he was a moderate Democrat whose liberal proposals were a continuation of Franklin Roosevelts New Deal, but the conservative-dominated Congress blocked most of them. He also used weapons to end World War II, desegregated the U. S. armed forces, supported a newly independent Israel. Truman was born in Lamar, Missouri, and spent most of his youth on his familys 600-acre farm near Independence, in the last months of World War I, he served in combat in France as an artillery officer with his National Guard unit. After the war, he owned a haberdashery in Kansas City, Missouri, and joined the Democratic Party. Truman was first elected to office as a county official in 1922. After serving as a United States Senator from Missouri and briefly as Vice President, he succeeded to the presidency on April 12,1945, upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Germany surrendered on Trumans 61st birthday, just a few weeks after he assumed the presidency, but the war with Imperial Japan raged on and was expected to last at least another year. Although this decision and the issues that arose as a result of it remain the subject of debate to this day. Truman presided over a surge in economic prosperity as America sought readjustment after long years of depression. His presidency was a point in foreign affairs, as the United States engaged in an internationalist foreign policy. Truman helped found the United Nations in 1945, issued the Truman Doctrine in 1947 to contain Communism and his political coalition was based on the white South, labor unions, farmers, ethnic groups, and traditional Democrats across the North. Truman was able to rally groups of supporters during the 1948 presidential election. The Soviet Union became an enemy in the Cold War, Truman oversaw the Berlin Airlift of 1948 and the creation of NATO in 1949, but was unable to stop Communists from taking over China. When communist North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950, he sent U. S. troops, after initial successes in Korea, however, the UN forces were thrown back by Chinese intervention, and the conflict was stalemated throughout the final years of Trumans presidency. Scholars, starting in 1962, ranked Trumans presidency as near great, Harry S. Truman was born on May 8,1884, in Lamar, Missouri, the oldest child of John Anderson Truman and Martha Ellen Young Truman. His parents chose the name Harry after his mothers brother, Harrison Harry Young, while the S did not stand for any one name, it was chosen as his middle initial to honor both of his grandfathers, Anderson Shipp Truman and Solomon Young. The initial has been written and printed followed by a period
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Joseph Baldwin
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Joseph Baldwin was a pioneering American educator, and called by some the father of the normal school system. Baldwin was born to Joseph and Isabella in New Castle, Pennsylvania and he founded a series of educational institutions which survive into the present day, each of which still bears some mark of his influence. Headed back across the field, he meditated on the newly acquired fragment of knowledge and he was educated in Bartletts Academy, near New Castle, Pennsylvania. At the age of 18 he began keeping a diary which bears witness to a religiosity which would remain deeply interwoven with his philosophy throughout his career. Saved during an illness at fourteen, he continued to struggle with his direful condition in a search for salvation. He visited the sick and dying and attended the dead, conversion and baptism renewed him, and he dedicated himself to serving Christ. At this early period, a sense of the tension between his religious and worldly impulses is evident, secular reading was one of his distractions. He lamented, I have spent a portion of my time in reading History and Biography. May in future make this my study and may I use it as my sword, even at the age of eighteen, he had consciously dedicated himself to a religiously-conceived mission of educating the young. He thought youth, deserving of punishment but nonetheless worth saving. In 1847, he attended school a full forty weeks and worked about a month, practicing what he preached, when he was invited to a party, he chose to spend his time studying rather than in hurtful folly. Passing a room where many youths were engaged in mirthful danceing, he writes and his stated ambitions evince an ambivalence between the desires for prominence and service, I long to become an orator, that I may do good to my fellow men. In 1848, Baldwin entered Bethany College, where he would take the B. A. in 1852, while at Bethany, he lived in the home of the schools founder and President, Rev. Alexander Campbell, founder of the Disciples of Christ Church. There he studied, recited, debated, and helped to form a society whose members pledged to assist one another in case of sickness. Baldwin excelled, ranking first or second in his classes and his censure of other youths, including his fellow students, continued, Alas follish young men. You do not feal the values of life, in his later career as an educator, he would show no mercy to students found guilty of his three horrors, dancing, card-playing and drinking. In emotional affairs as in professional, Baldwins diary evidences a sense of priorities. In August 1849 he went to the county meeting in the company of one Emaline McC. whom I think would make a companion for me for life
14.
Missouri General Assembly
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The Missouri General Assembly is the state legislature of the U. S. state of Missouri. The bicameral General Assembly is composed of a 34-member Senate, members of both houses of the General Assembly are subject to term limits. Senators are limited to two terms, and representatives to four two-year terms, a total of 8 years for members of both houses. The General Assembly meets at the State Capitol in Jefferson City, members of the House of Representatives must be 24 years of age to be elected. Representatives also must be a qualified Missouri voter for two years, and a resident of the county or district of their constituency for one year. According to Article III, Section 20 of the Missouri Constitution and it adjourns on May 30, with no consideration of bills after 6,00 p. m. on the first Friday following the second Monday in May. No appropriation bill may be considered after 6,00 p. m. on the first Friday after the first Monday in May, the Governor may convene the General Assembly in special session for a maximum of 60 calendar days at any time. Only subjects recommended by the Governor in his call or a message may be considered. The President Pro Tem and the Speaker may convene a 30-day special session upon petition of three-fourths of the members of each chamber. Neither the House nor Senate, without the consent of the chamber, adjourn for more than ten days at any one time. As a part-time legislature, compensation is low with the General Assembly, law makers are paid $31,351 per legislative year
15.
Adair County, Missouri
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Adair County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 25,607, the county was organized January 29,1841 and named for Governor John Adair of Kentucky. Adair County comprises the Kirksville, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, the first permanent settlement in Adair County began in 1828. Many of the first settlers were from Kentucky, and Adair County was named for John Adair, a respected Governor of Kentucky. This was 25 years after the Louisiana Purchase, seven years after Missouri was granted statehood, the original settlement was called Cabins of White Folks, or simply, The Cabins, and was located six miles west of present-day Kirksville along the Chariton River. The Big Neck War, In July 1829, a party of Iowa Native Americans, led by Chief Big Neck. One of the Ioways dogs killed a pig and they threatened the white women, the settlers sent messengers south to Randolph and Macon counties asking for help. Captain William Trammell responded with a party of two dozen men to help. By the time of their arrival, the Ioways had left the area, the Trammell party lost three men in the skirmish, including Captain Trammell himself, and one additional casualty died of his wounds shortly afterward. The surviving whites returned to the cabins, collected the women and children, later, a group of militia under General John B. Clark pursued and apprehended Big Neck and his braves, capturing them in March 1830. Soon, several escaped from jail and fled to the current state of Iowa, however, Big Neck himself, the acquittal of Big Neck seemed to have brought the war to a peaceful, if uneasy, conclusion. A few months later, white settlers returned to The Cabins, this time in numbers. The outbreak of the Blackhawk War in 1832 again caused consternation among the early settlers although all fighting was hundreds of miles away in present-day Illinois, to ease fears in the area, militia units were dispatched and two small forts were constructed. One, Fort Clark, was located on high ground adjacent to The Cabins, several miles to the northeast, another detachment of troops established Fort Matson. After months of no hostile Native American activity in the Adair County area, the site of Fort Clark is now marked by a large boulder and plaque, while the Fort Matson site was later the location for a church, name corrupted to Fort Madison. The Fort Matson/Madison Cemetery still remains, the Adair County courthouse is a three story Romanesque structure in the center of the Kirksville city square that was completed in 1899. The architect was Robert G. Kirsch who would also design the courthouses for Carroll, Polk, Vernon. The county had no dedicated courthouse from 1865 until 1899, operating out of rented quarters on or near the square
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Audrain County, Missouri
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Audrain County is a county located in the central part of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 25,529, the county was organized December 13,1836, and named for Colonel James Hunter Audrain of the War of 1812 and who later was elected to the state legislature. Audrain County comprises the Mexico, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Columbia-Moberly-Mexico, Audrain County was one of several along the Missouri River settled by migrants from the Upper South, especially Kentucky and Tennessee. They brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky, hemp and they also brought characteristic antebellum architecture and culture. The county was considered at the heart of what was called Little Dixie, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 697 square miles, of which 692 square miles is land and 4.6 square miles is water. The population density was 37 people per square mile, there were 10,881 housing units at an average density of 16 per square mile. 89. 8% of the population were White,6. 4% Black or African American,0. 5% Asian,0. 4% Native American,1. 2% of some other race and 1. 7% of two or more races. 33. 2% were of German,16. 0% American,9. 3% Irish and 8. 4% English ancestry,27. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the family size was 2.96. In the county, the population was out with 24. 60% under the age of 18,7. 90% from 18 to 24,28. 20% from 25 to 44,22. 50% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 84.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.70 males, the median income for a household in the county was $32,057, and the median income for a family was $40,448. Males had an income of $28,550 versus $20,712 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,441, about 11. 10% of families and 14. 80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23. 30% of those under age 18 and 9. 80% of those age 65 or over. Joint Communications is located at 1854 East Liberty Street in Vandiver Village, staff includes 7 full-time Dispatchers,2 part-time Dispatchers,3 full-time Shift Supervisors, the Assistant 911 Director, and the 911 Director. There is a minimum of two Dispatchers on duty at all times to answer incoming and outgoing communications and these upgrades allowed for even better service to the county. At that time the Vandalia Police Department elected to continue to operate their communications center for the Vandalia Police Department, Vandalia Fire District and this program allows dispatchers to quickly and accurately determine the nature of an emergency medical call and prioritize it to allow for the most appropriate response. This reduces the time between the onset of symptoms and when aid is provided to the patient, thus increasing the patients chances of survival in life-threatening emergencies
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Boone County, Missouri
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Boone County is a county in the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 162,642 and its county seat is Columbia, Missouris fourth-largest city. The county was organized November 16,1820 and named for Daniel Boone, Boone County comprises the Columbia, MO Metropolitan Statistical Area. The University of Missouri is in Columbia, Boone County was organized November 16,1820, from a portion of the territorial Howard County. The area was known as Boones Lick Country, because of a salt lick which Daniel Boones sons used for their stock. Boone County was settled primarily from the Upper South states of Kentucky, Tennessee, the settlers brought slaves and slave-holding with them, and quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky, hemp and tobacco. Boone was one of several counties settled by Southerners to the north and south of the Missouri River, because of its culture and traditions, the area became known as Little Dixie, and Boone County was at its heart. In 1860 slaves made up 25 percent or more of the countys population, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 496 square miles, of which 685 square miles is land and 5.6 square miles is water. The Missouri River makes up the border of the county. The population density was 198 people per square mile, there were 56,678 housing units at an average density of 83 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 85. 43% White,8. 54% Black or African American,0. 42% Native American,2. 96% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,0. 69% from other races, and 1. 93% from two or more races. Approximately 1. 78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,24. 6% claimed German,12. 3% American,11. 2% English and 9. 8% Irish ancestry. 28. 70% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.97. In the county, the population was out with 22. 80% under the age of 18,19. 90% from 18 to 24,29. 90% from 25 to 44,18. 80% from 45 to 64. The median age was 30 years, for every 100 females there were 93.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.90 males, the median income for a household in the county was $37,485, and the median income for a family was $51,210. Males had an income of $33,304 versus $25,990 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,844, about 7. 60% of families and 14. 50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12. 10% of those under age 18 and 5. 90% of those age 65 or over
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Callaway County, Missouri
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Callaway County is a county located in the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 44,332. The county was organized November 25,1820, and named for Captain James Callaway, Callaway County is also referred to as The Kingdom of Callaway after an incident in which residents confronted Union troops during the U. S. Civil War. Callaway County is part of the Jefferson City, MO Metropolitan Statistical Area, vineyards and wineries were first established in the area by German immigrants in the 19th century. Since the 1960s, there has been a revival of winemaking throughout the state, the Callaway Nuclear Generating Station is located in Callaway County. This area was occupied by the Osage and other Native American peoples. Others emerged as cultures in this area, following thousands of years of settlement by indigenous peoples, the European-American settlement of Callaway County was initiated primarily by migrants from the Upper South states of Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia. They brought African-American slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and quickly started cultivating hemp and tobacco, Callaway County was one of several to the north and south of the Missouri River settled mostly by Southerners in the early antebellum years. Given their culture and traditions, this became known as Little Dixie. In 1860 slaves made up 25 percent or more of the countys population, residents generally supported the Confederacy during the Civil War. The Battle of Moores Mill was the only significant Civil War battle that occurred in Callaway County, from the Civil War era the county earned the nickname of the Kingdom of Callaway. Missouri was the second-largest wine-producing state nationally until Prohibition, since the 1960s, numerous vineyards and wineries have been established again in the valley, including Summit Lake Winery in Holts Summit. The county is part of what is called the Missouri Rhineland, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 847 square miles, of which 835 square miles is land and 13 square miles is water. Callaway County lies on the border of transition between prairie and rugged Ozarks, the northern part of the county is relatively flat and devoid of large tracts of forests. The southern border of the county is the Missouri River, cedar Creek makes up the northern part of the western border. Audrain County Montgomery County Osage County Cole County Boone County Gasconade County Interstate 70 U. S. Route 40 U. S. Route 54 U. S, the population density was 49 people per square mile. There were 16,167 housing units at a density of 19 per square mile. Approximately 0. 92% of the population identified as Hispanic or Latino of any race,29. 9% identified as of German ancestry,22. 0% s American,9. 1% as Irish and 9. 1% as English ancestry
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Chariton County, Missouri
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Chariton County is a county located in the North Central portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 7,831, the county was organized November 16,1820, from part of Howard County and is named for the Chariton River. Chariton County was settled primarily from the states of the Upper South, especially Kentucky and they brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and they quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky, hemp and tobacco. Chariton was one of several counties settled mostly by southerners to the north and south of the Missouri River, given their culture and traditions, this area became known as Little Dixie and Chariton County was at its heart. It was heavily pro-Confederate during the American Civil War, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 767 square miles, of which 751 square miles is land and 16 square miles is water. The population density was 11 people per square mile, there were 4,250 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 95. 99% White,3. 19% Black or African American,0. 17% Native American,0. 13% Asian,0. 11% from other races, and 0. 41% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 56% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,38. 8% were of German,25. 5% American,9. 7% English and 7. 8% Irish ancestry. 29. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 17. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.94. In the county, the population was out with 23. 70% under the age of 18,6. 50% from 18 to 24,23. 70% from 25 to 44,23. 80% from 45 to 64. The median age was 42 years, for every 100 females there were 91.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.30 males, the median income for a household in the county was $32,285, and the median income for a family was $39,176. Males had an income of $25,263 versus $19,068 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,515, about 8. 80% of families and 11. 60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11. 40% of those under age 18 and 14. 00% of those age 65 or over. Joseph School – Salisbury – Roman Catholic The Democratic Party completely controls politics at the level in Chariton County. Democrats hold all of the positions in the county. Chariton County is divided into two districts in the Missouri House of Representatives with split representation. Consists of a part of the county
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Clark County, Missouri
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Clark County is a county located in the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 7,139. The county was organized December 16,1836 and named for William Clark, leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, Clark County is part of the Fort Madison–Keokuk, IA-IL-MO Micropolitan Statistical Area. Missouri folklorist Margot Ford McMillen wrote that early settlers were attracted by Clark Countys good, one section was called Bit Nation because land was sold there for just twelve and one-half cents an acre. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 512 square miles. The population density was 15 people per square mile, there were 3,483 housing units at an average density of 7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 98. 83% White,0. 07% Black or African American,0. 20% Native American,0. 07% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 22% from other races, and 0. 61% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 70% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,26. 40% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the family size was 2.95. In the county, the population was out with 25. 00% under the age of 18,7. 80% from 18 to 24,25. 50% from 25 to 44,25. 00% from 45 to 64. The median age was 39 years, for every 100 females there were 97.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.00 males, the median income for a household in the county was $29,457, and the median income for a family was $36,270. Males had an income of $27,279 versus $19,917 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,988, about 10. 80% of families and 14. 10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19. 70% of those under age 18 and 12. 70% of those age 65 or over. Republicans hold all but five of the positions in the county. All of Clark County is included in Missouri’s 4th District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is represented by Craig Redmon, all of Clark County is a part of Missouri’s 18th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Brian Munzlinger. All of Clark County is included in Missouri’s 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves in the U. S. House of Representatives. Senator Hillary Clinton received more votes, a total of 554, alexandria Kahoka Wayland Wyaconda Luray Revere St. Francisville Athens St
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Howard County, Missouri
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Howard County is a county in the U. S. state of Missouri, with its southern border made by the Missouri River. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,144, the county was organized January 23,1816 and named for Benjamin Howard, the first Governor of the Missouri Territory. Located on the bank of the Missouri River, Howard County was settled primarily from the Upper Southern states of Kentucky, Tennessee. They brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and cultivated hemp, Howard was one of several counties settled mainly by Southerners along the Missouri River in the center of the state. Because of this, this became known as Little Dixie. Following the 1848 revolutions in the German nations, many German immigrants also came to this region, because of the reliance on slave labor, by 1860 African American slaves composed at least 25 percent of the countys population. Many Howard County residents supported the Confederacy during the Civil War, after the end of Reconstruction, Jim Crow laws and segregation were enforced in the county. Five African Americans were lynched in Howard between 1891 and 1914, Olli Truxton, Frank Embree, Thomas Hayden, Arthur McNeal, the county continued to be developed for agriculture and is still largely rural. However, Howard has lost population since reaching its peak in 1900, the mechanization of farming reduced the demand for labor, and many left for jobs in the cities. In 2000 African-Americans in the county had declined to less than 7 percent of the total, nearly one-third of the residents now identify themselves as of German ancestry. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 472 square miles. Chariton County Randolph County Boone County Cooper County Saline County U. S, the population density was 22 people per square mile. There were 4,346 housing units at a density of 9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 13% White,6. 84% Black or African American,0. 33% Native American,0. 12% Asian,0. 08% Pacific Islander,0. 40% from other races, and 1. 10% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 86% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,32. 4% were of German,16. 1% American,8. 9% English and 8. 3% Irish ancestry. 27. 30% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.98. In the county, the population was out with 24. 00% under the age of 18,13. 30% from 18 to 24,25. 20% from 25 to 44,21. 30% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 94.00 males
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Knox County, Missouri
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Knox County is a county located in the northeast portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,131, the county was organized February 14,1845 and named for U. S. Secretary of War General Henry Knox. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 507 square miles. The population density is 9 people per square mile, there are 2,317 housing units at an average density of 5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county is 98. 51% White,0. 09% Black or African American,0. 09% Asian,0. 02% Native American,0. 16% from other races, and 1. 12% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 60% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,29. 30% of all households are made up of individuals and 16. 00% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.38 and the family size is 2.93. 24. 90% of the population is under the age of 18,6. 20% from 18 to 24,23. 70% from 25 to 44,23. 90% from 45 to 64. The median age is 42 years, for every 100 females there are 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.6 males, the median income for a household in the county is $27,124, and the median income for a family is $31,741. Males have an income of $22,636 versus $18,902 for females. The per capita income for the county is $13,075,18. 00% of the population and 12. 90% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the population,24. 10% of those under the age of 18 and 16. 50% of those 65. The TFR for Knox County in 2004 was relatively high at 2.64, Knox County R-I School District – Edina Knox County Elementary School Knox County High School The Democratic Party mostly controls politics at the local level in Knox County. Democrats hold all but five of the positions in the county. All of Knox County is included in Missouri’s 4th District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is represented by Craig Redmon, all of Knox County is a part of Missouri’s 18th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Brian Munzlinger. All of Knox County is included in Missouri’s 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves in the U. S. House of Representatives. Senator Hillary Clinton received more votes, a total of 300, baring Edina Hurdland Knox City Newark Novelty Plevna Colony Knox County is divided into 13 townships, Terry Joyce, collegiate football All-American and professional football player
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Lewis County, Missouri
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Lewis County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,211, the county was organized January 2,1833 and named for Meriwether Lewis, the explorer and Governor of the Louisiana Territory. Lewis County is part of the Quincy, IL–MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 511 square miles, of which 505 square miles is land and 5.8 square miles is water. The population density was 21 people per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 95. 92% White,2. 53% Black or African American,0. 16% Native American,0. 20% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 44% from other races, and 0. 73% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 73% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,34. 9% were of German,18. 3% American,11. 2% English and 10. 8% Irish ancestry. The average household size was 2.46 and the family size was 3.00. The median age is 36 years, median income for a household in the county is $30,651, and the median income for a family was $35,740. Males had an income of $27,778 versus $19,679 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,746,16. 10% of the population and 10. 70% of families were below the poverty line. The Democratic Party predominantly controls politics at the level in Lewis County. Democrats hold all but one of the positions in the county. All of Lewis County is included in Missouri’s 4th District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is represented by Craig Redmon, all of Lewis County is a part of Missouri’s 18th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Brian Munzlinger. All of Lewis County is included in Missouri’s 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves in the U. S. House of Representatives. Senator Hillary Clinton received more votes, a total of 619, than any candidate from either party in Lewis County during the 2008 presidential primary
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Lincoln County, Missouri
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Lincoln County is a county in the eastern part of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 52,566, the county was founded December 14,1818, and named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln of the American Revolutionary War. Lincoln County is part of the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area. C, I lived for many years in Link-Horn County in old Kain-tuck. I wish to die in Link-Horn County, in Missouri, and I move, therefore, the motion was carried unanimously and the clerk, not adopting the frontier parlance of the Major, wrote Lincoln in the blank space of the bill. Others say it was named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln who served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, the countys eastern border with Illinois is formed by the Mississippi River. The population density was 62 people per square mile, there were 15,511 housing units at an average density of 25 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 13% White,1. 74% Black or African American,0. 37% Native American,0. 17% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,0. 43% from other races, and 1. 14% from two or more races. Approximately 1. 14% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,37. 7% were of German,17. 0% American,10. 9% Irish and 7. 4% English ancestry. 19. 70% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.17. In the county, the population was out with 30. 00% under the age of 18,8. 10% from 18 to 24,30. 20% from 25 to 44,21. 00% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 98.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.90 males, the median income for a household in the county was $42,592, and the median income for a family was $47,747. Males had an income of $35,564 versus $23,270 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,149, about 6. 20% of families and 8. 30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9. 60% of those under age 18 and 9. 00% of those age 65 or over. Alphonsus School – Silex – Roman Catholic Troy Holiness School – Troy – Methodist The Democratic Party mostly controls politics at the level in Lincoln County. Democrats hold all but six of the positions in the county. Lincoln County is divided into three districts in the Missouri House of Representatives. Consists of the northernmost section of the county, Consists of most of the entire county and includes the communities of Cave, Elsberry, Foley, Hawk Point, Silex, Troy, Truxton, and Whiteside
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Linn County, Missouri
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Linn County is a county located in the northern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,761, the county was organized January 1,1837 and named for U. S. Senator Lewis F. Linn of Missouri, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 621 square miles, of which 616 square miles is land and 5.8 square miles is water. The population density was 22 people per square mile, there were 6,554 housing units at an average density of 11 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 97. 98% White,0. 60% Black or African American,0. 38% Native American,0. 14% Asian,0. 15% from other races, and 0. 76% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,30. 30% of all households were made up of individuals and 16. 80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the family size was 2.94. In the county, the population was out with 25. 40% under the age of 18,7. 00% from 18 to 24,24. 40% from 25 to 44,22. 60% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 89.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.70 males, the median income for a household in the county was $28,242, and the median income for a family was $36,134. Males had an income of $25,635 versus $18,820 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,378, about 11. 30% of families and 14. 90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20. 20% of those under age 18 and 14. 10% of those age 65 or over. All of Linn County is a part of Missouri’s 12th District in the Missouri Senate and is represented by Brad Lager. All of Linn County is included in Missouri’s 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves in the U. S. House of Representatives. Doris Akers, gospel singer and composer, was born in Brookfield, gene Bartow, Hall of Fame college basketball coach and NBA executive. Jeff Roe, Republican political consultant, was born in Brookfield, Walt Disney, animator and founder of the Disney corporation, Disneyland, and Walt Disney World lived on a farm near Marceline as a young boy. General John J. Pershing,4 Star General of the Armies and Commander of the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I, was born in Laclede
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Marion County, Missouri
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Marion County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 28,781, unique from most third-class counties in the state, Marion has two county courthouses, the second located in Hannibal. The county was organized December 23,1826 and named for General Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox, the area was known as the Two Rivers Country before organization. Marion County is part of the Hannibal, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 444 square miles, of which 437 square miles is land and 7.4 square miles is water. The population density was 65 people per square mile, there were 12,443 housing units at an average density of 28 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 93. 26% White,4. 62% Black or African American,0. 27% Native American,0. 28% Asian,0. 08% Pacific Islander,0. 18% from other races, and 1. 32% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 89% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,28. 5% were of German,25. 6% American,11. 0% Irish and 10. 3% English ancestry. 28. 10% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.98. In the county, the population was out with 25. 70% under the age of 18,9. 50% from 18 to 24,26. 40% from 25 to 44,21. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 89.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.70 males, the median income for a household in the county was $31,774, and the median income for a family was $41,290. Males had an income of $30,935 versus $20,591 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,964, about 9. 30% of families and 12. 10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15. 30% of those under age 18 and 10. 50% of those age 65 or over. The Democratic Party predominantly controls politics at the level in Marion County. Democrats hold all but two of the positions in the county. Marion County is in Missouris 5th district in the Missouri House of Representatives, all of Marion County is a part of Missouri’s 18th District in the Missouri Senate, it is represented by Brian Munzlinger. Marion County is included in Missouri’s 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves in the U. S. House of Representatives. Senator Hillary Clinton received more votes, a total of 1,587, than any candidate from either party in Marion County during the 2008 presidential primary
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Macon County, Missouri
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Macon County is a county located in the northern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 15,566, the county was organized January 6,1837 and named for Nathaniel Macon, a Revolutionary War hero and North Carolina politician. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 812 square miles. The population density was 20 people per square mile, there were 7,502 housing units at an average density of 9 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 96. 18% White,2. 21% Black or African American,0. 39% Native American,0. 16% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 22% from other races, and 0. 83% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 77% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,22. 8% were of German,21. 8% American,13. 9% English and 10. 8% Irish ancestry. 29. 00% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.92. In the county, the population was out with 24. 20% under the age of 18,7. 50% from 18 to 24,25. 30% from 25 to 44,23. 90% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 95.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.50 males, the median income for a household in the county was $30,195, and the median income for a family was $36,370. Males had an income of $26,408 versus $18,275 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,189, about 8. 30% of families and 12. 50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15. 00% of those under age 18 and 13. 10% of those age 65 or over. Republicans hold all but five of the positions in the county. Macon County is divided into two districts in the Missouri House of Representatives with split representation. Consists of most of the entire county District 22 – Randy Asbury, consists of a small portion of the county All of Macon County is a part of Missouri’s 21st District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Bill Stouffer. All of Macon County is included in Missouri’s 9th Congressional District and is represented by Blaine Luetkemeyer in the U. S. House of Representatives. Senator Hillary Clinton received more votes, a total of 1,016, than any candidate from either party in Macon County during the 2008 presidential primary
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Monroe County, Missouri
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Monroe County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,840, the county was organized January 6,1831 and named for James Monroe, fifth President of the United States. Monroe County was one of several along the Missouri River settled by migrants from the Upper South, especially Kentucky and they brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky, hemp and tobacco. They also brought characteristic antebellum architecture and culture, the county was considered at the heart of what was called Little Dixie. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 670 square miles. The population density was 14 people per square mile, there were 4,565 housing units at an average density of 7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 94. 66% White,3. 83% Black or African American,0. 41% Native American,0. 12% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,0. 16% from other races, and 0. 78% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 56% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,24. 7% were of German,23. 2% American,14. 2% English and 11. 8% Irish ancestry. 26. 50% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.02. In the county, the population was out with 25. 90% under the age of 18,7. 30% from 18 to 24,25. 00% from 25 to 44,24. 20% from 45 to 64. The median age was 39 years, for every 100 females there were 96.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.10 males, the median income for a household in the county was $30,871, and the median income for a family was $36,895. Males had an income of $26,534 versus $20,440 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,695, about 8. 30% of families and 11. 90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14. 00% of those under age 18 and 10. 30% of those age 65 or over. The Democratic Party completely controls politics at the level in Monroe County. Democrats hold all of the positions in the county. Monroe County is divided into two districts in the Missouri House of Representatives, both represented by Republicans. District 5 — Lindell F. Shumake, consists of Monroe City and the northern part of the county
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Montgomery County, Missouri
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Montgomery County is a county in the eastern part of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,236 and its county seat is Montgomery City. The county was named in honor of Richard Montgomery, an American Revolutionary War general killed in 1775 while attempting to capture Quebec City, with a branch of Stone Hill Winery in New Florence, the county is part of the Missouri Rhineland. It is approximately halfway between Columbia and St. Louis, the county has evidence of human habitation from 10,000 years ago, the Archaic period of indigenous Americans. An ancient site was found during excavations at Graham Cave on the Loutre River. In the early 19th century, European settlement started at a pace, after exploration during previous decades by French trappers and British. An early house of worship was a log church, which is maintained as a chapel. St. Martins Church is also located in Starkenburg, built in 1873, above its entrance is the text, This is the House Of God and the Gate Of Heaven. Starkenburg is also the site of the Shrine of Our Lady of Sorrows Catholic Church, built in the early 20th century, for further devotions and pilgrimage, the community created an outdoor area for representations of the Stations of the Cross, Mount Calvary and Holy Sepulchre. Starkenburg is located inland from the Missouri River, after the destructive Great Flood of 1993, Rhineland citizens used federal funds to relocate their houses 1.5 miles inland away from the river. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 542 square miles. The population density was 23 people per square mile, there were 5,726 housing units at an average density of 11 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 95. 97% White,2. 04% Black or African American,0. 24% Native American,0. 26% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 21% from other races, and 1. 28% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 77% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,39. 1% were of German,18. 4% American,10. 2% English and 9. 2% Irish ancestry. 26. 30% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.97. In the county, the population was out with 25. 40% under the age of 18,7. 40% from 18 to 24,26. 10% from 25 to 44,23. 90% from 45 to 64. The median age was 39 years, for every 100 females there were 98.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.70 males, the median income for a household in the county was $32,772, and the median income for a family was $38,632
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Pike County, Missouri
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Pike County is a county in the eastern part of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 18,516 and its county seat is Bowling Green. The county was organized December 4,1818, and named for explorer Zebulon M. Pike, the folksong Sweet Betsy from Pike is generally thought to refer to Pike County, Missouri. Pike County is said to be the home of Momo, with the first reported sightings in the 1970s dating back to locations throughout the county. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 685 square miles. U. S. Route 54 U. S. Route 61 Route 79 Route 161 Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge As of the census of 2010, there were 18,516 people,6,451 households, the population density was 27 people per square mile. There were 7,493 housing units at a density of 11 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 88. 44% White,9. 17% Black or African American,0. 24% Native American,0. 15% Asian,0. 04% Pacific Islander,0. 92% from other races, and 1. 04% from two or more races. Approximately 1. 61% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,24. 6% were of American,24. 5% German,8. 9% English and 8. 5% Irish ancestry. 26. 70% of all households were made up of individuals and 12. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.01. In the county, the population was out with 23. 40% under the age of 18,9. 10% from 18 to 24,29. 80% from 25 to 44,22. 80% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 119.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 123.80 males, the median income for a household in the county was $32,373, and the median income for a family was $39,059. Males had an income of $28,528 versus $19,426 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,462,15. 50% of the population and 11. 90% of families were below the poverty line. 20. 20% of those under the age of 18 and 15. 20% of those 65, clement School – Bowling Green – Roman Catholic The Democratic Party predominantly controls politics at the local level in Pike County. Democrats hold all but one of the positions in the county. Pike County is a part of Missouri’s 40th District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is represented by Jim Hansen, Pike County is a part of Missouri’s 18th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Brian Munzlinger
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Putnam County, Missouri
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Putnam County is a county located in North Central Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,979, the county was organized February 28,1845 and named for Israel Putnam, a hero in the French and Indian War and a general in the American Revolutionary War. Putnam County was established February 28,1845 from parts of Adair, the following year a portion of Putnam was removed to form of Dodge County. Both Putnam and Dodge extended nearly nine miles north until a 1851 ruling by the Supreme Court on a border dispute with Iowa assigned the contested land to Iowa. Both counties were left less than the statutory minimum area for a county as set by the state legislature, so Dodge County was dissolved. In its early years, the county seat changed frequently, often contentious debate. Putnamville, Bryant Station, and Hartford all served until a location called Harmony. In the 1860 U. S. Census Putnam County had 9,240 residents, with eighteen sawmills, coal had been an abundant since its earliest settlement. Following the arrival of the Burlington & Southwestern Railway in 1873, coal mining became a major industry, at one time three railroads crossed Putnam county, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul, the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy, and the Iowa and St. Louis. Putnam County lost over two-thirds of its population between the years 1900 and 2000, when the United States changed from a rural to an urban country. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 520 square miles. The population density was 10 people per square mile, there were 2,914 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 99. 14% White,0. 06% Black or African American,0. 10% Native American,0. 13% Asian,0. 10% from other races, and 0. 48% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 61% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,28. 70% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the family size was 2.83. In the county, the population was out with 24. 00% under the age of 18,6. 20% from 18 to 24,24. 00% from 25 to 44,25. 10% from 45 to 64. The median age was 42 years, for every 100 females there were 96.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.90 males, the median income for a household in the county was $26,282, and the median income for a family was $32,031
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Ralls County, Missouri
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Ralls County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,167 and its county seat is New London. The county was organized November 16,1820 and named for Daniel Ralls, Ralls County is part of the Hannibal, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Quincy-Hannibal, IL-MO Combined Statistical Area. Ralls County was one of several along the Mississippi River settled in the years primarily by European-American migrants from the Upper South, especially Kentucky. They brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky, hemp and they also brought characteristic antebellum architecture and culture. Ralls is considered one of the counties in the ring of what is called the Little Dixie region. Most of the Little Dixie counties are located further west along the Missouri River, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 484 square miles, of which 470 square miles is land and 14 square miles is water. The population density was 20 people per square mile, there were 4,564 housing units at an average density of 10 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 97. 93% White,1. 11% Black or African American,0. 20% Native American,0. 08% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 04% from other races, and 0. 62% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 44% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,30. 1% were of American,27. 3% German,10. 5% English and 10. 4% Irish ancestry. 21. 20% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 2.95. In the county, the population was out with 25. 20% under the age of 18,7. 10% from 18 to 24,26. 90% from 25 to 44,26. 50% from 45 to 64. The median age was 39 years, for every 100 females there were 100.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.90 males, the median income for a household in the county was $37,094, and the median income for a family was $41,955. Males had an income of $28,139 versus $20,238 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,456, about 6. 60% of families and 8. 70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9. 70% of those under age 18 and 10. 70% of those age 65 or over. However, all seats up for election with a republican candidate during the November 2016 election cycle were won by Republicans. Republicans now hold the office of Sheriff, Coroner, and Western District Commissioner, Ralls County is a part of Missouri’s 40h District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is represented by Jim Hansen
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Randolph County, Missouri
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Randolph County is a county located in the northern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 25,414, the county was organized January 22,1829 and named for U. S. Senator John Randolph of Roanoke of Virginia, Randolph County comprises the Moberly, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Columbia-Moberly-Mexico, MO Combined Statistical Area. Randolph County was primarily settled by migrants from the Upper Southern states, especially Kentucky and they brought slaves and slaveholding traditions with them, and quickly started cultivating crops similar to those in Middle Tennessee and Kentucky, hemp and tobacco. Randolph was one of several counties settled mostly by Southerners to the north and south of the Missouri River, given their culture and traditions, this area became known as Little Dixie, and Randolph County was at its heart. Randolph County was home to Omar Bradley, the last of nine 5-star generals of the American military. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 488 square miles. The population density was 51 people per square mile, there were 10,740 housing units at an average density of 22 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 90. 58% White,7. 03% Black or African American,0. 48% Native American,0. 39% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 24% from other races, and 1. 26% from two or more races. Approximately 1. 14% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,24. 1% were of German,21. 4% American,10. 9% English and 9. 1% Irish ancestry. 27. 90% of all households were made up of individuals and 13. 10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.94. In the county, the population was out with 23. 80% under the age of 18,9. 60% from 18 to 24,29. 30% from 25 to 44,22. 40% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 107.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.10 males, the median income for a household in the county was $31,464, and the median income for a family was $39,268. Males had an income of $26,878 versus $20,366 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,010, about 9. 20% of families and 12. 50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17. 10% of those under age 18 and 13. 20% of those age 65 or over. Moberly Area Community College – Moberly – A public, two-year community college, the Democratic Party mostly controls politics at the local level in Randolph County. Democrats hold all but five of the positions in the county
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St. Charles County, Missouri
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St. Charles County is a county in the eastern part of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 360,485 and its county seat is St. Charles. The county was organized October 1,1812 and named for Saint Charles Borromeo, the county executive is Steve Ehlmann, since January 2007. St. Charles County is part of the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area, the wealthiest county in Missouri, St. Charles County is one of the nations fastest-growing counties. The county is also recognized as very conservative, ranking in the top 100 nationally, St. Charles County includes an area of vineyards and wineries whose distinction has been nationally recognized. On its rural outer edge along the bluffs above the Missouri River is an area of numerous wineries. The area includes the Augusta AVA, designated in 1980 as the first American Viticultural Area by the federal government, the County of St. Charles was originally called the District of St. Charles and had no definite limits until 1816 to 1818 when neighboring counties were formed. The borders of St. Charles are the same today as they were in 1818, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 593 square miles, of which 560 square miles is land and 32 square miles is water. The highest elevation is 901 feet northwest of Augusta near Femme Osage Creek headwaters, lincoln County Calhoun County, Illinois Jersey County, Illinois Madison County, Illinois St. Louis County Franklin County Warren County I-64 – Major freeway in the western portion of the county. Originally U. S. Route 40, the highway was upgraded to Interstate standards in the late 2000s, the highway was resigned as Interstate 64 from the Daniel Boone Bridge to Interstate 70 in Wentzville in 2009. I-70 – The major east-west thoroughfare in the county and it is mostly a six-lane freeway throughout most of the county but there are sections in St. Charles and St. Peters where the Interstate widens to 11 lanes of traffic. Rte-370 – A six-lane freeway that connects Interstate 70 in St. Charles County, two Rivers National Wildlife Refuge As of 2010, there were 360,485 people,132,906 households, and 77,060 families residing in the county. The population density was 643 people per square mile, there were 142,766 housing units at an average density of 73 persons/km². The racial makeup of the county was 91. 3% White,4. 4% African American,0. 3% Native American,2. 3% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander, hispanic or Latino of any race were 2. 9% of the population. 19. 40% of all households were made up of individuals and 5. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.18. In the county, the population was out with 29. 00% under the age of 18,8. 20% from 18 to 24,32. 60% from 25 to 44,21. 60% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 97.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.10 males, the median income for a household in the county was $71,458, and the median income for a family was $64,415
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Schuyler County, Missouri
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Schuyler County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,431, the county was organized February 14,1845, and named for General Philip Schuyler, delegate to the Continental Congress and U. S. Schuyler County is part of the Kirksville, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, the USS Schuyler, a World War II-era cargo ship, was named in part for Schuyler County, Missouri. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 308 square miles. It is the second-smallest county in Missouri by area, Schuyler County borders Iowa to the north. The population density was 14 people per square mile, there were 2,027 housing units at an average density of 7 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 98. 44% White,0. 05% Black or African American,0. 31% Native American,0. 17% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 17% from other races, and 0. 84% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 65% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,28. 20% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the family size was 2.90. In the county, the population was out with 24. 60% under the age of 18,6. 70% from 18 to 24,24. 80% from 25 to 44,24. 10% from 45 to 64. The median age was 41 years, for every 100 females there were 93.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.80 males, the median income for a household in the county was $27,385, and the median income for a family was $34,564. Males had an income of $25,625 versus $18,728 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,850, about 13. 20% of families and 17. 00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22. 10% of those under age 18 and 17. 60% of those age 65 or over. Democrats hold all but four of the positions in the county. All of Schuyler County is included in Missouri’s 4th District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is represented by Craig Redmon, all of Schuyler County is a part of Missouri’s 18th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Brian Munzlinger. All of Schuyler County is included in Missouri’s 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves in the U. S. House of Representatives. Downing Greentop Lancaster Queen City Glenwood Coatsville Farrell Dobbs, American Trotskyist, trade unionist, william Preston Hall Exotic animal dealer, horse and mule breeder, circus impresario
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Scotland County, Missouri
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Scotland County is located in the northeastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,843, the county was organized January 29,1841, and named for Scotland. Scotland County was organized by an act of the Missouri General Assembly on January 29,1841, at first its boundaries contained all the land now known as Knox County as well, but another act by the General Assembly in 1843 divided it off. Carnegy suggested that the county be named after his country of Scotland. He also gave several settlements in the area Scottish names, the first white settlement in Scotland County was in 1833 by brothers Levi and George Rhodes and their families near a location known as Sand Hill. Sand Hill was in the part of the county, about twelve miles from present-day Memphis. A general store was opened there around 1835 by James l, jones, who also served as Scotland Countys first sheriff. Slavery, while never as prevalent in Scotland County as in others further south in the states Little Dixie region, robert T. Smith brought the first slaves, a group of three, to the county in 1834. In 1850 Scotland County had 157 slaves or other people of color. However, by the 1860 census that number was reduced to 131, farming was the primary economic lifeblood of Scotland County from its earliest times. Once the stands of timber were cleared and the prairie grass was plowed aside. Between 1850 and 1880 the number of farms in the county grew from 334 to 1,994, the value of the farmland, in 1880 dollars, was over $3.72 million. Corn was the cash crop, followed by oats, wheat. Scotland County was the scene of three engagements during the American Civil War. The first happened at Etna on July 21,1861, the action was part of General Nathaniel Lyons efforts to clear rebels from rural Missouri. After a brief battle the MSG forces, mostly lightly-armed cavalry, were driven from the town and surrounding areas of Scotland County and Moores unit returned to its base at Athens. On July 13,1862 Confederate Colonel Joseph C. Porter approached Memphis, Missouri in four converging columns totalling 125–169 men and they first raided the Federal armory, seizing about a hundred muskets with cartridge boxes and ammunition, and several uniforms. The Confederate rounded up all adult males, who were taken to the house to swear not to divulge any information about the raiders for forty-eight hours
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Shelby County, Missouri
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Shelby County is a county located in the northeastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,373, the county was organized January 2,1835 and named for Governor Isaac Shelby of Kentucky. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 502 square miles. The population density was 14 people per square mile, there were 3,245 housing units at an average density of 6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 97. 87% White,0. 97% Black or African American,0. 28% Native American,0. 10% Asian,0. 19% from other races, and 0. 59% from two or more races. Approximately 0. 63% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,30. 4% were of American,26. 9% German,14. 9% English and 8. 5% Irish ancestry. 30. 30% of all households were made up of individuals and 16. 60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.98. In the county, the population was out with 25. 40% under the age of 18,7. 20% from 18 to 24,24. 40% from 25 to 44,23. 30% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 91.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.00 males, the median income for a household in the county was $29,448, and the median income for a family was $35,944. Males had an income of $25,759 versus $18,996 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,632, about 13. 00% of families and 16. 30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21. 70% of those under age 18 and 14. 10% of those age 65 or over. Democrats hold all but one of the positions in the county. Shelby County is a part of Missouri’s 5th District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is represented by Lindell F Shumake, Shelby County is a part of Missouri’s 18th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Brian Munzlinger. Shelby County is included in Missouri’s 6th Congressional District and is represented by Sam Graves in the U. S. House of Representatives. Senator Hillary Clinton received more votes, a total of 460, norm Stewart, legendary University of Missouri basketball coach Randall Duke Cunningham, only U. S. Navy fighter ace of the Vietnam War, former Republican U. S
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Sullivan County, Missouri
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Sullivan County is a county located in the northern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 6,714, the county was organized February 14,1845 and named for Major General John Sullivan of the American Revolutionary War. In 1682, René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle claimed the territory west of the Mississippi River for France, the United States acquired this region under terms of the Louisiana Purchase on July 4,1803. Twenty-one years later, the Sac, Meskwaki, and Iowa Native American nations ceded their land to the U. S. government under two treaties in August 1824. Dr. Jacob Holland and his son, Robert W. Holland, arrived in 1836, dr. Holland, a veteran of the Black Hawk War and practitioner of herbal medicine, and son staked their home sites at the Main Locust Creek Settlement near a place called Scottsville. The Missouri state legislature defined the boundaries of the county from Chariton County during the 1842–1843 legislative session, however, the number of permanent settlers did not meet requirements for civil governance and military purposes, so legislators attached administration of Highland County to Linn County. A new survey of the county in 1844 determined that the population was sufficient to permit full organization, morelock, a representative from Highland County, presented an act to the state legislature, which they approved on February 14,1845, and the county became formally organized. By the same act, it was renamed Sullivan County in honor of John Sullivan, settlers established the town of Milan in 1845, located at the center of the county, where the first courts met. William Putnam built the first courthouse, which was occupied in October 1847, the last federal land office established in Missouri also operated from the square from 1849 to 1859. The state legislature incorporated the city of Milan on February 8,1859. Other towns platted in the early years included Greencastle, Newtown, Pollock, Boynton and Cora, Green City and Winigan, Humphreys and Reger, Osgood. Green City College opened in 1885, and a business opened in Humphreys in 1884. During the U. S. Civil War, a Union Army post stood in Milan, the Confederate side was supported by four units of Missouri State Guard infantrymen. Soldiers from Sullivan County fought at the Battle of Shiloh, Battle of Atlanta, Battle of Jonesborough, military skirmishes within the county were mostly confined to bushwhackers. Expansion of the railroads brought growth to Sullivan County beginning in the 1870s, the two lines crossed in Milan, which became a major shipping point. By 1900, following the construction boom, the countys population exceeded 20,000. However, business activity and the number of residents declined steadily during the subsequent decades. The number of farms decreased from about 3,100 in 1900 to under 900 by 1982, but over the time period
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Warren County, Missouri
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Warren County is a county located in the eastern portion of the U. S. state of Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 32,513, the county is located on the north side of the Missouri River. The county was organized on January 5,1833, and named for General Joseph Warren, Warren County is part of the St. Louis, MO-IL Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is traversed by Route 94, called the Missouri Weinstrasse because of the vineyards from Marthasville east into St. Charles County. Warren County is also part of the Missouri Rhineland, with award-winning wineries located on both sides of the Missouri River. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 438 square miles. The population density was 57 people per square mile, there were 11,046 housing units at an average density of 26 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 95. 89% White,1. 94% Black or African American,0. 45% Native American,0. 24% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 44% from other races, and 1. 02% from two or more races. Approximately 1. 28% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race, among the major ancestries reported in Warren County were 41. 4% German,13. 8% American,10. 2% Irish and 7. 0% English ancestry. 20. 80% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.05. In the county, the population was out with 26. 90% under the age of 18,7. 60% from 18 to 24,28. 80% from 25 to 44,23. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 98.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.10 males, the median income for a household in the county was $41,016, and the median income for a family was $46,863. Males had an income of $36,315 versus $23,443 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,690, about 6. 40% of families and 8. 60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10. 50% of those under age 18 and 10. 40% of those age 65 or over. All of the positions in the county are held by Republicans. Warren County is divided into two districts in the Missouri House of Representatives, both of which are held by Republicans. Consists of most of the county, including the communities of Marthasville, Pendeleton, Truesdale
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John Ashcroft
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John David Ashcroft is an American attorney and politician who served as the 79th U. S. Attorney General, in the George W. Bush Administration. He later founded The Ashcroft Group, a Washington D. C. lobbying firm. Ashcroft previously served as Attorney General of Missouri, and as the 50th Governor of Missouri and he had early appointments in Missouri state government and was mentored by John Danforth. He has written books about political and moral issues. His son, Jay Ashcroft, is also a politician, Jay currently serves as Secretary of State of Missouri. Ashcroft was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Grace P. and his mother was a homemaker, whose parents had emigrated from Norway. Ashcroft went to schools in Springfield. He attended Yale College, where he was a member of Sigma Tau Gamma and he received a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Chicago School of Law. After law school, Ashcroft briefly taught Business Law and worked as an administrator at Southwest Missouri State University, during the Vietnam War, he avoided the draft by receiving six student draft deferments and one occupational deferment because of his teaching work. In 1972, Ashcroft ran for a Congressional seat in southwest Missouri in the Republican primary election, after the primary, Missouri Governor Kit Bond appointed Ashcroft to the office of State Auditor, which Bond had vacated when he became Governor. In 1974, Ashcroft was narrowly defeated for election to that post by Jackson County County Executive George W. Lehr and he had argued that Ashcroft, who is not an accountant, was not qualified to be the State Auditor. Missouri Attorney General John Danforth, who was then in his second term, during his service, Ashcroft shared an office with Clarence Thomas, a future U. S. Supreme Court Supreme Court Justice. In 1976, Danforth was elected to the U. S. Senate, in 1980, Ashcroft was re-elected with 64.5 percent of the vote, winning 96 of Missouris 114 counties. Ashcroft was elected governor in 1984 and re-elected in 1988, becoming the first Republican in Missouri history elected to two consecutive terms, in 1984, his opponent was the Democratic Lt. The campaign was so negative on both sides that a reporter described the contest as two alley cats over truth in advertising, in his campaign, Ashcroft contrasted his rural-base against an urban-based opponent from St. Louis. Democrats did not close ranks on primary night, the defeated candidate Mel Carnahan endorsed Rothman. In the end, Ashcroft won 57 percent of the vote, in 1988, Ashcroft won by a larger margin over his Democratic opponent, Betty Cooper Hearnes, the wife of the former governor Warren Hearnes. Ashcroft received 64 percent of the vote in the general election—the largest landslide for governor in Missouri history since the U. S. Civil War, during his second term, Ashcroft served as chairman of the National Governors Association
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Liberal arts education
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Grammar, logic, and rhetoric were the core liberal arts, while arithmetic, geometry, the theory of music, and astronomy also played a part in education. In modern times, liberal arts education term that can be interpreted in different ways and it can refer to academic subjects such as literature, philosophy, mathematics, and social and physical sciences, or it can also refer to overall studies in a liberal arts degree program. For example, Harvard University offers a Bachelor of Arts degree, for both interpretations, the term generally refers to matters not relating to the professional, vocational, or technical curriculum. The four scientific artes – music, arithmetic, geometry and astronomy – were known from the time of Boethius onwards as the Quadrivium. After the 9th century, the three arts of the humanities – grammar, logic, and rhetoric – were classed as well as the Trivium. It was in that form that the seven liberal arts were studied in the medieval Western university. During the Middle Ages, logic gradually came to take predominance over the parts of the Trivium. In the Renaissance, the Italian humanists and their Northern counterparts, despite in many respects continuing the traditions of the Middle Ages, the ideal of a liberal arts, or humanistic education grounded in classical languages and literature, persisted until the middle of the twentieth century. Some subsections of the arts are in the trivium—the verbal arts, grammar, logic, and rhetoric, and in the quadrivium—the numerical arts, arithmetic, geometry, music. Analyzing and interpreting information is also included, the liberal arts education at the secondary school level prepares the student for higher education at a university. They are thus meant for the more academically minded students, in addition to the usual curriculum, students of a liberal arts education often study Latin and Ancient Greek. Some liberal arts education provide general education, others have a specific focus, today, a number of other areas of specialization exist, such as gymnasiums specializing in economics, technology or domestic sciences. In some countries, there is a notion of progymnasium, which is equivalent to beginning classes of the full gymnasium, here, the prefix pro is equivalent to pre. In the United States, liberal arts colleges are schools emphasizing undergraduate study in the liberal arts, in most parts of Europe, liberal arts education is deeply rooted. In Germany, Austria and countries influenced by their education system, the term is not to be mixed up with some modern educational concepts that use a similar wording. Educational institutions that see themselves in that tradition are often a Gymnasium and they aim at providing their pupils with comprehensive education in order to form personality with regard to a pupils own humanity as well as his/her innate intellectual skills. Going back to the tradition of the liberal arts in Europe, education in the above sense was freed from scholastic thinking. In particular, Wilhelm von Humboldt played a key role in that regard, universities encourage students to do so and offer respective opportunities, but do not make such activities part of the universitys curriculum
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Accounting
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Accounting or accountancy is the measurement, processing and communication of financial information about economic entities such as businesses and corporations. The modern field was established by the Italian mathematician Luca Pacioli in 1494, practitioners of accounting are known as accountants. The terms accounting and financial reporting are often used as synonyms, Accounting can be divided into several fields including financial accounting, management accounting, external auditing, and tax accounting. Accounting information systems are designed to support accounting functions and related activities, Accounting is facilitated by accounting organizations such as standard-setters, accounting firms and professional bodies. Financial statements are audited by accounting firms, and are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. GAAP is set by various standard-setting organizations such as the Financial Accounting Standards Board in the United States, as of 2012, all major economies have plans to converge towards or adopt the International Financial Reporting Standards. The history of accounting is thousands of old and can be traced to ancient civilizations. By the time of the Emperor Augustus, the Roman government had access to detailed financial information, double-entry bookkeeping developed in medieval Europe, and accounting split into financial accounting and management accounting with the development of joint-stock companies. The first work on a double-entry bookkeeping system was published in Italy, both the words accounting and accountancy were in use in Great Britain by the mid-1800s, and are derived from the words accompting and accountantship used in the 18th century. In Middle English the verb to account had the form accounten, which was derived from the Old French word aconter, which is in turn related to the Vulgar Latin word computare, meaning to reckon. The base of computare is putare, which meant to prune, to purify, to correct an account, hence, to count or calculate. The word accountant is derived from the French word compter, which is derived from the Italian. Accountancy refers to the occupation or profession of an accountant, particularly in British English, Accounting has several subfields or subject areas, including financial accounting, management accounting, auditing, taxation and accounting information systems. Financial accounting focuses on the reporting of a financial information to external users of the information, such as investors. It calculates and records business transactions and prepares financial statements for the users in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. GAAP, in turn, arises from the agreement between accounting theory and practice, and change over time to meet the needs of decision-makers. This branch of accounting is also studied as part of the exams for qualifying as an actuary. It is interesting to note that two professionals, accountants and actuaries, have created a culture of being archrivals
