1.
U.S. Route 17
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U. S. Route 17 or U. S. Highway 17 is a north–south United States highway. The highway spans the southeastern United States and is close to the Atlantic Coast for much of its length, the highways southern terminus is at Punta Gorda, Florida, at an intersection with U. S. Route 41. Traveling north, US17 joins up with US50 in Paris, Virginia, and this is also the point at which the portion of US50 called the Northwestern Turnpike begins. As such, Route 17 is out of sequence in the U. S. highway numbering plan, US17 begins in downtown Punta Gorda, Florida, at US41, just to the west of Tamiami Trail. After a brief jog east, it runs north along the Peace River, through Arcadia, Zolfo Springs. At Fort Meade, it joins with US98, which follows it northward until Bartow, while US98 goes northwest, US17 goes northeast. US17 begins a concurrency with US92 just north of Winter Haven in Lake Alfred. Like US92, US17 roughly parallels Interstate 4 along the overlap, when all three meet US441, US192 follows US441 southbound, while US 17/92 follows US441 north into downtown Orlando. US 17/92 then splits from US441 at SR50 and jogs east, in Seminole County, the redevelopment of the 17-92 Community Redevelopment Area is handled by the US 17-92 Community Redevelopment Agency, a component unit of the County government. In Sanford, Florida, US 17/92 crosses the St. Johns River into Volusia County via the Bill Benedict Bridge, in Clay County, US17 runs through suburban Jacksonville. The northern stretch of US17 in Clay County is known as Park Avenue, in Jacksonville, the southern portion of US17 is known as Roosevelt Boulevard. Here, the highway goes past Naval Air Station Jacksonville, near downtown Jacksonville, US17 joins Interstate 10 for approximately one mile, before merging into Interstate 95. US17 then exits onto Union Street and continues as North Main Street until the Nassau County border, in Nassau County, US17 continues until it reaches the Georgia border, crossing over the St. Marys River. In Woodbine, Georgia, US17 crosses the Satilla River by way of the J. Edwin Godley Bridge, in Brunswick, the route traverses the South Brunswick River over the Sidney Lanier Bridge, then across the Altamaha River bridge between Glynn County and McIntosh County. At the South Carolina state line, US17 crosses the Savannah River on the Talmadge Memorial Bridge, the section of US17 known as the Gateway to Historic Brunswick and The Golden Isles was included in The Georgia Trust for Historic Preservations 2006 list of Places in Peril. US17 enters South Carolina in Jasper County as a road and within 8 miles enters Hardeeville. US17 intersects Interstate 95 in Hardeeville and runs parallel to Interstate 95 until Ridgeland, at Point South, US17 leaves Interstate 95 and heads eastward into northern Beaufort County, sharing a concurrency with U. S.21 until Gardens Corner. US21 splits off to Beaufort while US17 heads northeast into the ACE Basin and this stretch of road has been upgraded from a two-lane to a four-lane configuration, due to safety concerns
2.
Virginia Department of Transportation
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The Virginia Department of Transportation is the agency of state government responsible for transportation in the state of Virginia in the United States. Headquartered at the Virginia Department of Highways Building in Downtown Richmond, VDOT is responsible for building, maintaining and it is overseen by the Commonwealth Transportation Board, which has the power to fund airports, seaports, rail and public transportation. VDOTs revised annual budget for Fiscal Year 2017 is $5.35 billion, VDOT has a workforce of about 7,500 full-time employees. Snow Removal- VDOT is responsible for removing snow along the roads of Virginia. VDOT operates and maintains, Roads- VDOTs largest responsibility is the maintenance of roads, filling potholes, storm drain cleaning, water drainage, guard rail replacement, bridge work, tree and trash removal, as well as the maintenance of signs and traffic lights. Smaller portions of the budget are directed to address the needs and requirements of service, support to other agencies, administration. VDOT provides the Virginia 511 service, which may be accessed by the 511 telephone number, in May 2012, VDOT introduced the Virginia 511 smartphone apps for Apple and Android devices. The Virginia 511 system provides traffic cameras, real-time road and traffic conditions, trip planning, weather information, drivers complained that people who needed to use the restroom would have nowhere to go. In January 2010, governor Bob McDonnell announced that he would all of the closed rest areas as part of his campaign promises. The state is using an adopt a rest stop program, pulling 3 million dollars from the maintenance fund. They all reopened on April 17,2010, spontaneous roadside memorials, often in the form of white crosses, Stars of David, bouquets of flowers, and photos of the dead, have been placed along roads at the scenes of fatal accidents. As of July 1,2003, Virginia law has banned these memorials, Transportation officials have deemed them a threat to the safety of motorists. Virginia law §33. 1-206.1 prohibits any person from installing a memorial on any highway controlled by the VDOT without a permit, VDOT will install a roadside memorial sign, normally for a period of two years. The sign may not deviate from the standard roadside memorial sign specifications, the cost must by paid by the person requesting the sign. Not everyone agrees with the new program, vowing to ignore the program, Del. Robert G. Marshall, whose son was killed in an auto accident along Interstate 81 in November 2001, said, This is the bureaucratization of love. I intend to put a cross up for my son, by marking an accident site, survivors create a living memory of this persons life, said Donna Schuurman, president of Association for Death Education and Counseling. Americans have swept the grieving process under the rug, and now its popping up in ways that few expected—and that some dont like. They provided drivers with a faster and more reliable travel option, buses, carpools, motorcycles and emergency vehicles will be able to use the HOT lanes for free while drivers with fewer than three occupants can use the HOT lanes by paying a toll
3.
U.S. Route 17 in North Carolina
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In the U. S. state of North Carolina U. S. Route 17 is a north–south highway that is known as the Coastal Highway in the southeastern half of the state and the Ocean Highway in other areas. The route enters the state from South Carolina near Calabash, between the US64 freeway and the Virginia state line, US17 is a four-lane divided highway with speed limits varying between 45 miles per hour and 70 miles per hour. US17 enters Brunswick County, North Carolina in Carolina Shores amid a variety of golf course communities, Carolina Shores was part of Calabash until 1998. In Wilmington, US17 crosses the Northeast Cape Fear River between New Hanover County and Brunswick County over the Dan Cameron Bridge, North of Holly Ridge US17 begins to move further away from the Atlantic Coast. Then, it bypasses Jacksonville along with NC24, between New Bern and James City, US17 crosses the Trent River by way of the Freedom Memorial Bridge. Farther east, between James City and Bridgeton, US17, still concurrent with NC55, crosses the Neuse River over the Neuse River Bridge, in Washington, US17 crosses the Pamlico River over the Pamlico-Tar River Bridge and intersects with NC32 and US264. Farther along in Bear Grass, US17 joins a concurrency with a portion of US 13-64, although US64 moves east before US 13-17 reaches Williamston. At the Bertie County-Chowan County line, US17 traverses the Chowan River from Edenhouse to Edenton, east of Edenton, US17 shares a concurrency with NC37 until they reach Hertford where it branches off to the northwest onto US BUS17. US17 crosses the Perquimans River via the Perquimans River Bridge, between Perquimans County and Pasquotank County, US17 crosses the Little River over the Little River Bridge. A bypass route splits off to the northwest as US17 continues into Elizabeth City as Hughes Boulevard, US17 crosses the Pasquotank River between Morgans Corner in Pasquotank County and South Mills in Camden County, before entering Virginia adjacent to the Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge. US17 was established in 1927, traversing from South Carolina, near Fair Bluff, to Virginia, as a major north-south corridor through the coastal area, US17 has been the target of various interstate proposals over the years. The earliest known proposal was in 1964, with a proposal supported by Governor Terry Sanford, was to build a new interstate from Fayetteville to Norfolk, Virginia, via US13 and US17. Named Interstate 13, it received support from local officials, but was not supported by the North Carolina Highway Commission. During the mid-1990s through mid-2000s, Interstate 99 was proposed between Charleston, South Carolina and Wilmington, Delaware, completely overlapping all of US17 in North Carolina. In 2012, NCDOT backed and presented a letter to the Federal Highway Administration requesting the establishment of a new high priority corridor between Raleigh and Norfolk, named Interstate 44 and this corridor follows US64 and US17, north of Williamston. The following year, Interstate 495 was established east of Raleigh and was routed on part of proposed route. In 2016, AASHTO approved designation of I-87 along US17 between Williamston and the Virginia state line, North Carolina Highway 341 was an original state highway that traversed from NC34, in Morgans Corner, to South Mills. In 1923, it was extended north to the Virginia state line, in 1927, it was completely overlapped with US17, which subsequently replaced it outright in 1934
4.
Chesapeake, Virginia
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Chesapeake is an independent city located in the U. S. commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 222,209, in 2013, Chesapeake is included in the Virginia Beach–Norfolk–Newport News, VA–NC MSA. Chesapeake is the second-largest city by area in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It has miles of waterfront industrial, commercial and residential property, in 2011, Chesapeake was named the 21st best city in America by Bloomberg Businessweek. In 1963, the new independent city of Chesapeake was created when the independent city of South Norfolk consolidated with Norfolk County. The consolidation was approved and the new name selected by the voters of each community by referendum, formed in 1691 in the Virginia Colony, Norfolk County had originally included essentially all the area which became the towns and later cities of Norfolk, Portsmouth, and South Norfolk. Its area was reduced after 1871 as these cities added territory through annexations, becoming an independent city was a method for the former county to stabilize borders with neighbors, as cities could not annex territory from each other. The relatively small city of South Norfolk had become a town within Norfolk County in 1919. Its residents wanted to make a change to put their jurisdiction on an equal footing in other aspects with the much larger cities of Norfolk. The consolidation that resulted in the city of Chesapeake was part of a wave of changes in the structure of government in southeastern Virginia which took place between 1952 and 1975. The Chesapeake region was among the first areas settled in the colonial era. Beginning in the late 1980s and accelerating in the 1990s, however, Chesapeake saw significant growth, attracting numerous and this explosive growth quickly led to strains on the municipal infrastructure, ranging from intrusion of saltwater into the citys water supply to congested roads and schools. Chesapeake made national headlines in 2003 when, under a change of venue. A jury convicted him of murder but spared him a death sentence, it chose a sentence of life in prison without parole for the young man. A jury in neighboring Virginia Beach convicted his older partner John Allen Muhammad, Chesapeake is located at 36°46′2″N 76°17′14″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 351 square miles. The northeastern part of the Great Dismal Swamp is located in Chesapeake, Chesapeake is one of the larger cities in Virginia and the nation in terms of land area. This poses challenges to city leaders in supporting infrastructure to serve this area, in addition, the city has many historically and geographically distinct communities
5.
Interstate 64 in Virginia
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In the U. S. state of Virginia, Interstate 64 runs east–west through the middle of the state from West Virginia to the Hampton Roads region, a total of 298 miles. It is notable for crossing the mouth of the harbor of Hampton Roads on the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel, I-64 enters Virginia as a four-lane divided highway, continuing its concurrency with U. S.60 through Covington into Lexington where the two routes split. From Lexington, I-64 then turns northward to Staunton overlapping Interstate 81 in the Shenandoah Valley. S, after Charlottesville, I-64 then turns more east-southeasterly and heads towards Richmond, passing through Fluvanna, Goochland and Louisa Counties. Hurricane gates are installed at eastbound Interstate 64 entrance and exit ramps from Exit 200 to Exit 273, to date, there has never been an activation of the contraflow system in any capacity. Once on the Southside, I-64 turns south through Norfolk, passing the eastern boundary of Naval Station Norfolk and Chambers Field, and the spur route supplying it, Interstate 564. It then becomes a six lane divided highway with a two lane roadway in the middle, which is used for HOV-traffic during morning and afternoon rush hours. After entering Chesapeake, I-64 actually turns west-southwesterly and it is actually at this point when the road stops being signed as either east or west and is only signed with its Beltway designation of Inner or Outer Loop. After interchanging with another of its routes, Interstate 464, I-64 then crosses the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River using the High Rise Bridge. Early studies and proposals of the Interregional Highway System, I-64 was to use the U. S. Route 250 alignment west of Richmond and this southern route was favored by Gov. J. Lindsay Almond Jr. and most members of the State Highway Commission. The decision was on hold for three years while the state continued planning for the piece of the US250 alignment from Richmond to Short Pump, which would be needed anyway to handle traffic. In 1961, U. S. Secretary of Commerce Luther Hodges rejected that plan and chose the present route, officially, the chosen route was considered more efficient. However, there is speculation that the decision involved back-room politics of the Kennedy administration, Interstate 64 has four auxiliary routes, all of which are in the Hampton Roads Area, Interstate 664, a bypass route serving Chesapeake, Suffolk, Newport News and Hampton. Interstate 564, a route serving Naval Station Norfolk. Interstate 264, a route serving the Virginia Beach Oceanfront, Downtown Norfolk. Interstate 464, a route serving the western side of Chesapeake, Portsmouth. It connects I-64 in Chesapeake to I-264 in Norfolk, two segments on I-64 have been identified as candidates for widening, I-64 on the Virginia Peninsula from New Kent County to Newport News and I-64 in South Hampton Roads from the I-464/SR 168/U. S. 17 interchange in Chesapeake to the Bowers Hill Interchange in Suffolk, on the Peninsula, most of the I-64 corridor is a four lane roadway and is one of the most-traveled segments in the region, connecting the Hampton Roads Metro to the Greater Richmond region. The approved plan selected by VDOT and partners included the plan that added a general purpose lane in each direction by either expanding into the median or on the outside shoulder
6.
Interstate 464
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Interstate 464 is an Interstate Highway in the U. S. state of Virginia. The highway runs 5.67 miles from U. S. Route 17, I-464 connects two major highway junctions in the South Hampton Roads region. At its southern end, the Interstate meets two major highways that head toward North Carolina, US17 and SR168, and I-64, at its northern terminus, I-464 has connections with Downtown Norfolk and Portsmouth via I-264. I-464 begins in the city of Chesapeake at the end of the directional interchange between US17 and SR168. US17 heads south toward the Inner Banks community of Elizabeth City, SR168 heads south toward the Outer Banks, including Nags Head and Manteo. Just north of I-464s terminus is a interchange with I-64. US17 and SR168 join I-64 for their own short concurrencies, with US17 heading west toward Suffolk, I-464 heads north as a six-lane freeway that meets US13 at a diamond interchange and crosses over Norfolk Southern Railways Norfolk District. The ramp from northbound I-464 to westbound I-264, which passes through a trench, also access to State Street. Eastbound I-264 crosses the Eastern Branch Elizabeth River on the Berkley Bridge into downtown Norfolk, westbound I-264 passes under the Southern Branch via the Downtown Tunnel into the city of Portsmouth. Interstate 464 opened between Interstate 64 and U. S.13 in May 1967, work along I-264 doubled capacity at the adjacent Downtown Tunnel to the west while expanding the new interchange with I-464. Opening at that time was the span for eastbound traffic. Designated as Virginia 168, the $38-million Oak Grove Connector was opened northbound in May 1999 and southbound after a ribbon cutting ceremony held on July 22,1999. Planned since the 1960s, construction on the connector commenced in August 1997.5 Further south, Virginia Highways Project, I-464 AARoads, I-464
7.
Virginia State Route 168
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State Route 168 is a primary state highway in the South Hampton Roads region of the U. S. state of Virginia. It runs from the border with North Carolina through the independent cities of Chesapeake, SR168 consists of three sections with different characteristics. From I-64 north into downtown Norfolk, SR168 is a local road, SR168 was originally constructed in the 1930s on the north side of Hampton Roads as Merrimack Trail, mainly as a bypass of U. S. Route 60 from Newport News past Williamsburg. It was extended across Hampton Roads in the mid-1940s, but did not move onto its current alignment to North Carolina until 1957, as the new freeway opened past Williamsburg, SR168 was shifted to it, it was truncated to its current extent around 1980. The SR168 designation was applied in the 1933 renumbering to three roadways, State Route 529, State Route 532, and State Route 533. Another piece, from Hampton east on Pembroke Avenue towards Buckroe Beach, was added to the highway system in 1932. In the 1930s, SR168 was extended northwest to State Route 53 (now State Route 30 near Barhamsville and it intersected U. S. Route 60 at Andersons Corner, near Toano in James City County. Route 168 was part of a system of state-funded highway improvements after World War II which preceded the federally funded Interstate Highway System in Virginia, in Chesapeake, the route originally ran along Battlefield Boulevard. This arterial is now bypassed by several roads, the Chesapeake Expressway, the Great Bridge Bypass, from the north end of the Oak Grove Connector, Route 168 overlaps Interstate 64 until it rejoins Battlefield Boulevard. The sections of the boulevard bypassed by the roads are now designated State Route 168 Business. When it first opened to traffic on November 1,1957, the Route 168 signage and tolls were both removed when the crossing was expanded in 1976 as part of the federally funded Interstate 64 improvements, which included four-laning the crossing. Small portions of the roadway on the Peninsula originally signed at SR168 became portions of State Route 30 and Interstate 64. However, most of it from Exit 238 in I-64 east was redesignated as State Route 143, after Interstate 64 was completed on the Peninsula, both Routes 60 and 143 with many at-grade intersections and businesses became more major conduits for local traffic than through-traffic routes. Built to freeway standards, this expressway travels from U. S, the one toll plaza is located near Indian Creek Road. Construction began in 1999 and the fully opened in 2001. Tolls for a 2-axle passenger vehicle are now $8.00 during weekends between Memorial Day and Labor Day, and $3.00 at all other times, State Route 168 Business is a 14. 40-mile business route of SR168. The entire length is known as Battlefield Boulevard. This was originally a part of SR168 before the Chesapeake Expressway was completed and this highway is often used to avoid the toll on the main expressway -- drivers travelling North make a left turn at VA168 Business, then enter the expressway at Hillcrest Parkway
8.
Interstate 264 (Virginia)
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Interstate 264 is an Interstate Highway in the U. S. state of Virginia. It runs from a junction with Interstate 64 and Interstate 664 near Bowers Hill in Chesapeake east into Portsmouth and through the Downtown Tunnel under the South Branch Elizabeth River into Norfolk. I-264 then heads east through Norfolk, crossing Interstate 64 at the east side of the Hampton Roads Beltway, and into Virginia Beach, from this point, 21st and 22nd streets continue as a one-way pair with no route designation to U. S. Route 60. The original section of I-264, designated in the late 1950s, the piece east to the Virginia Beach waterfront was built as the Virginia Beach-Norfolk Expressway, and carried State Route 44 until I-264 was extended over it in 1999. I-264 is a part of the National Highway System for its entire length, a toll for use of the Downtown Tunnel began February 1,2014. Tolls are collected electronically and set at $1.25 during peak hours, I-264 begins at a full Y interchange in the Bowers Hill area of the city of Chesapeake. This interchange also serves as the terminus of I-64 and the southern terminus of I-664. I-664 is used to access US13, US58, and US460, I-264 continues east through a partial cloverleaf interchange with US17. I-264s final interchange in Portsmouth provides access to SR141 in downtown Portsmouth, westbound I-264 traffic has ramps to and from Bart Street. This interchange, which serves the Norfolk Naval Shipyard, is where the Interstate reduces to four lanes. I-264 surfaces in the city of Norfolk and immediately has an interchange with I-464, the I-464 interchange also provides access to Berkley Avenue in the Berkley section of Norfolk. I-264 curves north as a highway that crosses the Eastern Branch Elizabeth River on a drawbridge. These streets provide access to Harbor Park, a stadium that is home to the Norfolk Tides. I-264 continues east as a freeway between the Eastern Branch Elizabeth River to the south and the Tide Light Rail tracks to the north. The Interstate has an interchange with US460, SR166, and SR168, there is no access between Brambleton Avenue and I-264 toward downtown. East of US460, the passes to the south of Norfolk State University and has a diamond interchange with SR405. I-264 crosses Broad Creek and gains collector-distributor lanes for the three, closely spaced interchanges. These junctions include an interchange with US13, a cloverleaf interchange with several flyover ramps at I-64
9.
U.S. Route 58
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U. S. Route 58 is an east–west U. S. Highway that runs for 508 miles from U. S. Route 25E just northwest of Harrogate, Tennessee, to U. S. Route 60 in Virginia Beach, Virginia. Until 1996, when the Cumberland Gap Tunnel opened, US58 ran only inside the commonwealth of Virginia and it was then extended southwest along a short piece of former US 25E, which no longer enters Virginia, to end at the new alignment in Tennessee. State Route 383 is overlaid on U. S. Route 58 in Tennessee, U. S. Route 58 is the longest numbered route in Virginia. US58 begins at an interchange with US 25E, just south of the Cumberland Gap Tunnel. The route travels northeast through the outskirts of Cumberland Gap before crossing into Virginia, US58 in Tennessee carries the designation State Route 383. US58 enters Virginia and travels east to Jonesville, where Alternate US58 branches off and travels to the north. East of Jonesville, US58 intersects US421, and the two routes stay concurrent through Duffield, Gate City, Weber City, and Bristol, where US58 begins a concurrency with Interstate 81. The two routes stay concurrent until I-81 exit 19 in Abingdon, where US58 resumes its eastward journey close to the Virginia–North Carolina state line, the route is signed as the J. E. B. Stuart Highway and the A. L. Philpott Memorial Highway, much of the highway through the region features hairpin turns, steep grades, and load-zoned bridges. US58 begins a concurrency with US221 in Independence, approaching Danville, US58 once again follows an expressway bypass to the south of the city, while a business route enters the city itself. The southeastern half of this bypass is shared with US29, east of Danville, US29 continues north, while US58 picks up US360 and resumes its eastward journey. The routes stay cosigned until South Boston, where US360 resumes a northerly route to Richmond, while US58 travels eastward to Clarksville. The route crosses US1 and Interstate 85 in South Hill, near Franklin, an expressway bypass carries US58 south of the city, while a business route enters the city. A bypass also carries traffic around Suffolk, where US58 begins concurrencies with US13, the three US routes stay merged until an intersection with the Hampton Roads Beltway at the confluence of Interstate 64, Interstate 264, and Interstate 664. US58 travels inside the beltway and through Portsmouth and into Norfolk via the Midtown Tunnel, the route crosses I-64 once again, and continues to Virginia Beach, roughly paralleling I-264 to its south. Much of the section of US58 is part of The Crooked Road. An alternate route of US58, known as U. S. Route 58 Alternate, splits from the route in Abingdon, Virginia. From there, US58 Alt. travels in a direction through Norton, Big Stone Gap
10.
Portsmouth, Virginia
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Portsmouth is an independent city located in the U. S. commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 95,535 and it is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. The shipyard upgrades, remodels, and repairs ships of the US Navy and is one of the few facilities in the world with the capability to dry dock an aircraft carrier. Directly opposite Norfolk, the city of Portsmouth also has miles of waterfront land on the Elizabeth River as part of the harbor of Hampton Roads, there is a ferry boat that takes riders back and forth across the water between Downtown Norfolk and Olde Towne Portsmouth. Portsmouth is located on the side of the Elizabeth River directly across from the City of Norfolk. In 1620, the site of Portsmouth was recognized as suitable shipbuilding location by John Wood, a shipbuilder. The surrounding area was settled as a plantation community. Portsmouth was founded by Colonel William Crawford, a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses and it was established as a town in 1752 by an act of the Virginia General Assembly and was named for Portsmouth, England. In 1767, Andrew Sprowle, a shipbuilder, founded the Gosport Shipyard adjacent to Portsmouth, the Gosport Shipyard at Portsmouth was owned by the Commonwealth of Virginia after the American Revolutionary War and was sold to the new United States federal government. In 1855, the Portsmouth and Norfolk area suffered an epidemic of fever which killed 1 of every three citizens. It became an independent city from Norfolk County in 1858, during the American Civil War, in 1861, Virginia joined the Confederate States of America. Fearing that the Confederacy would take control of the shipyard at Portsmouth, the Confederate forces did in fact take over the shipyard, and did so without armed conflict through an elaborate ruse orchestrated by civilian railroad builder William Mahone. The Union forces withdrew to Fort Monroe across Hampton Roads, which was the land in the area which remained under Union control. In early 1862, the Confederate ironclad warship CSS Virginia was rebuilt using the hulk of USS Merrimack. Virginia engaged the Union ironclad USS Monitor in the famous Battle of Hampton Roads during the Union blockade of Hampton Roads, the Confederates burned the shipyard again when they left in May 1862. Following the recapture of Norfolk and Portsmouth by the Union forces, the name of the shipyard was derived from its location in Norfolk County. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard today is located entirely within the city limits of Portsmouth, Portsmouth was the county seat of Norfolk County until 1963 when the new city of Chesapeake was formed in a political consolidation with the city of South Norfolk. Portsmouths other county neighbor, the former Nansemond County, also consolidated with a smaller city, one of the older cities of Hampton Roads, in the early 21st century, Portsmouth was undergoing moderate urban renewal in the downtown
11.
Interstate 664
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Interstate 664 is an intrastate auxiliary Interstate Highway in the U. S. state of Virginia. The Interstate runs 20.79 miles from I-64 and I-264 in Chesapeake north to I-64 in Hampton, I-664 forms the west side of the Hampton Roads Beltway, a circumferential highway serving the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. The Interstate crosses Hampton Roads via the Monitor-Merrimac Memorial Bridge-Tunnel between Suffolk and Newport News, I-664 is connected to the other major cities of the metropolitan area—Portsmouth, Norfolk, and Virginia Beach—by I-264. The Interstate also has a connection to Portsmouth through Virginia State Route 164 and to Suffolk via U. S. Route 13, US58, and US460. I-664 begins at a full Y interchange with I-64 and I-264 that serves as the terminus of all three Interstates in the Bowers Hill section of the city of Chesapeake. I-64 heads southeast as a continuation of the Hampton Roads Beltway through Chesapeake while I-264 heads east toward Portsmouth, I-664 heads west as an eight-lane freeway that has a southbound-only exit ramp to US13 and US460 and crosses over Military Highway and a Norfolk Southern Railway rail line. The Interstate has a interchange with Military Highway, which here carries US58 in addition to US13. The interchange also provides access to US460 Alternate, which follows US58 east into Portsmouth, I-664 curves north as a four-lane freeway that crosses Goose Creek and has a diamond interchange with SR663 and a cloverleaf interchange with SR337. Just south of its cloverleaf interchange with SR659, I-664 crosses a rail line. The rail spur leaves the median and heads northeast toward Portsmouth just south of its interchange with SR164, SR164 heads east toward downtown Portsmouth while US17 heads northwest to the James River Bridge. North of SR135, northbound I-664 has an inspection station. The bridge-tunnel passes to the west of Craney Island, an island in the city of Portsmouth that lies to the west of the mouth of the Elizabeth River. West of the highway is the confluence of the James River and Nansemond River to form Hampton Roads, the Interstate resurfaces on another artificial island at Newport News Point east of the coal piers in the city of Newport News. I-664 has a vehicle inspection station adjacent to its first interchange in Newport News. The Interstate parallels the end of CSXs Peninsula Subdivision as it passes through interchanges with several streets to the east of downtown Newport News. The southern interchange has ramps to and from 25th, 26th, and 27th streets, the northern interchange has ramps to and from 35th Street and Jefferson Avenue, Jefferson Avenue is SR143, which is also unmarked from the Interstate. I-664 curves east as a six-lane freeway away from the railroad and has a crossing of SR351 prior to half-diamond interchanges with Roanoke Avenue. The Interstate enters the city of Hampton and has interchanges with Aberdeen Road
12.
Virginia State Route 164
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The first section, known as the Western Freeway, is a four- to six-lane freeway that runs from U. S. Route 17 in Suffolk east to the Pinners Point Interchange, which was its previous terminus. However, when the extension to the Martin Luther King Jr. Expressway opened in December 2016, in 1968, Congress passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1968, which expanded the Interstate Highway System by 1,500 miles. AASHTO has no record of Virginia ever making an application to add SR164 to the Interstate system from 1968 through the 1978 opening of the Elizabeth River bridge. The still-unbuilt road was first referred to as SR164 in 1971. SR164 begins as a pair of flyover ramps from southbound US17 and to northbound US17, in the direction of the James River Bridge. Eastbound SR164 receives another ramp from US17, then the freeway meets I-664 at a cloverleaf interchange that includes a flyover ramp from southbound I-664 to eastbound SR164. Just east of the interchange, the eastbound carriageway crosses over the Commonwealth Railway, SR164 and the railroad pass to the north of the community of Churchland, which is served via a diamond interchange with Towne Point Road and a partial cloverleaf interchange with Cedar Lane. Truck access to the terminal is provided by an interchange with Virginia International Gateway Boulevard. Within the West Norfolk neighborhood, SR164 crosses the railroad and has a cloverleaf interchange with West Norfolk Road. SR164 expands to six lanes at the end of the river crossing part of the bridge. East of the bridge, the freeway enters the actual Port Norfolk and it then continues through a partial interchange at High Street before the ending with a full interchange at I-264/Alternate US Route 460
13.
Suffolk, Virginia
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Suffolk is an independent city located in the U. S. state of Virginia. As of the 2014 census, the population was 86,806 It is the largest city in Virginia by area as well as the 14th largest in the country. With miles of waterfront property on the Nansemond and James River, present day Suffolk was formed in 1974 after consolidating with Nansemond County, the current mayor is Linda T. Johnson. Suffolk was founded by English colonists in 1742 as a town on the Nansemond River in the Virginia Colony. Originally known as Constants Warehouse, for John Constant, Suffolk was renamed after Royal Governor William Goochs home of Suffolk, before European contact, indigenous American tribes lived in the region for thousands of years. At the time of English settlement, the Nansemond Indians lived along the river, in the early colonial years, the English cultivated tobacco as a commodity crop, but later turned to mixed farming. It became the county seat of Nansemond County in 1750, early in its history, Suffolk became a land transportation gateway to the areas east of it in South Hampton Roads. Other railroads and later major highways followed after the war, Suffolk became an incorporated town in 1808. In 1910, it incorporated as a city and separated from Nansemond County, however, it remained the seat of Nansemond County until 1972, when its former county became the independent city of Nansemond. In 1974, the independent cities of Suffolk and Nansemond merged under Suffolks name, Peanuts grown in the surrounding areas became a major industry for Suffolk. Notably, Planters Peanuts was established in Suffolk beginning in 1912, Suffolk was the birthplace of Mr. Peanut, the mascot of Planters Peanuts. For many years, the call-letters of local AM radio station WLPM stood for Worlds Largest Peanut Market, Suffolk is located at 36°44′29″N 76°36′36″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 429 square miles. It is the largest city in Virginia by land area and second-largest by total area, part of the Great Dismal Swamp is located in Suffolk. As of the census of 2010, there were 84,585 people,23,283 households, the population density was 159.2 people per square mile. There were 24,704 housing units at a density of 61.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 50. 1% White,42. 7% Black or African American,0. 3% Native American,1. 6% Asian,0. 1% Pacific Islander,0. 8% from other races, and 2. 3% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 2. 9% of the population,20. 2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
14.
U.S. Route 60 in Virginia
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In contrast, through this section, the older US60 is mostly a rural two-lane road. There it curves south to run along the Atlantic Ocean shoreline to end near the end of the Virginia Beach resort strip. In Virginia, as a through-route, U. S.60 was largely replaced by Interstate 64, the latter is roughly parallel, although there is a separation of over 30 miles north and south between Lexington and Richmond. In South Hampton Roads, the roads also separate, I-64 became part of the circumferential Hampton Roads Beltway and looping far south and west of Norfolk, rather than reaching the Atlantic Ocean. At Lexington, the newer Interstate route swings north, concurrent with I-81 to Staunton where it turns east. The variation between the routes was due to terrain for the crossing of the Blue Ridge Mountains. U. S.60 crosses at Whites Gap, I-64 uses Rockfish Gap, East of the Blue Ridge, the two pathways gradually converge, meeting again at Richmond. It was notorious for deadly crashes in the years before I-64 was completed, the newer I-64 uses Rockfish Gap, a lower elevation wind gap which was also selected for a vital railroad crossing by Virginias legendary 19th century state engineer, Claudius Crozet. East of the mountain, I-64 passes Charlottesville and has easy grades on its way to Richmond, from Lexington, US60 runs easterly across the Blue Ridge Mountains. The switchbacks and grades along the crossing of the Blue Ridge Mountains still used by U. S.60 combine to form a very hilly, the 30 miles east of Lexington become virtually impassable by most vehicles during inclement weather, particularly snow and ice. A short distance east of Interstate 81, as it passes through Buena Vista, even leaving the city limits. The roadway has many switchbacks and on both the eastern and western slopes, with Whites Gap at the peak, after descending on the eastern side, travelers reach Amherst, where Route 60 intersects north–south U. S. Route 29. Continuing east, there is a shorter section of mountainous terrain before the road levels out somewhat into the rolling Piedmont region through the middle belt of the state. At Sprouses Corner in Buckingham County, north–south U. S. Route 15 is crossed and this is the last major intersection until reaching the outskirts of Richmond. The road is two lanes for most of its journey eastward from Lexington, but widens to four lanes in Powhatan Virginia, crossing into Chesterfield County, it intersects State Route 288, a semi-circumferential expressway around the southwestern quadrant of Metropolitan Richmond and becoming Midlothian Turnpike. East of VA-288, Route 60 continues a few miles into the community of Midlothian, U. S.60 in the Richmond area enters on Midlothian Turnpike. The road largely follows the path of the old Manchester Turnpike, nearby, remnants of the Chesterfield Railroad, first in Virginia can be seen just south of the current highway. Midlothian was the site of coal mines after about 1700, with product transported overland to Manchester which was Richmonds sister city south of the river, at Manchester, ships could dock in the navigable waters of the James River just east of the fall line
15.
U.S. Route 258
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U. S. Route 258 is a spur of US58 in the U. S. states of North Carolina and Virginia. The U. S. Highway runs 220.15 miles from US17 Business and NC24 Business in Jacksonville, North Carolina north to Virginia State Route 143 at Fort Monroe in Hampton, Virginia. In North Carolina, US258 connects Jacksonville with the Inner Banks communities of Kinston, Snow Hill, Farmville, Tarboro, and Murfreesboro. The U. S. Highway continues through the Virginia city of Franklin, where the highway intersects US58, US258 crosses the James River on the James River Bridge and follows Mercury Boulevard through Newport News and Hampton. US258 begins at a intersection with US17 Business. The U. S. Highway and state highway parallel the New River through a junction with the end of NC111 to just south of Richlands. The highways head west out of the town as Kinston Highway, west of Richlands NC24 continues west as five-lane Beulaville Highway toward Beulaville while US258 curves north along Kinston Highway, which reduces to two lanes. US258 briefly passes through Jones County, where the highway intersects NC41 at Hargetts Crossroads before entering Lenoir County. The U. S. Highway crosses the Trent River and passes through Woodington prior to its junction with US70, the roadway continues straight as Queen Street, which carries NC58, US70 Business, and US258 Business across the river into downtown Kinston. US258 runs concurrently northwest along the US70 four-lane divided highway, Highways have an intersection with NC11 and NC55 before crossing the river and meeting the other end of the highways business routes, which follow Vernon Avenue. US258 and US70 follow Vernon Avenue a short distance west to where US258 turns north. The U. S. Highway has an intersection with the North Carolina Railroad and meets the western end of NC148, which serves Kinston Regional Jetport. US258 crosses Wheat Swamp into Greene County, the U. S. Highway intersects NC58 again south of Snow Hill, which the highway enters along 2nd Street. In the center of town, US258 turns onto Greene Street and crosses Contentnea Creek, then has an intersection with US13, NC91. The roadway continues north as NC91, US258 begins to run northeast concurrently with US13, NC903 diverges from the two U. S. Highways west of Maury, the U. S, Highways intersect NC123 in the hamlet of Lizzie. US258 and US13 diverge north of Sandy Run, US258 crosses Middle Swamp into Pitt County and intersects US264 Alternate south of Farmville. US258 and US264 Alternate briefly run together east for zero point two miles before US258 heads north again, US258 comes to a diamond interchange with US264 and Wesley Chapel Road northeast of the center of Farmville
16.
Newport News, Virginia
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Newport News is an independent city located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 180,719, in 2013, the population was estimated to be 183,412, making it the fifth-most populous city in Virginia. Newport News is included in the Hampton Roads metropolitan area, the area now known as Newport News was once a part of Warwick County. Warwick County was one of the eight original shires of Virginia, formed by the House of Burgesses in the British Colony of Virginia by order of King Charles I, the county was largely composed of farms and undeveloped land until almost 250 years later. In 1881,15 years of development began under the leadership of Collis P. With the new railroad came a terminal and coal piers where the colliers were loaded, within a few years, Huntington and his associates also built a large shipyard. In 1896, the new incorporated town of Newport News, which had briefly replaced Denbigh as the county seat of Warwick County, had a population of 9,000. In 1958, by mutual consent by referendum, Newport News was consolidated with the former Warwick County, the more widely known name of Newport News was selected as they formed what was then Virginias third largest independent city in population. The location on the harbor and along the James River facilitates a large boating industry which can take advantage of its miles of waterfront. Newport News also serves as a junction between the rails and the sea with the Newport News Marine Terminals located at the East End of the city. Served by major east-west Interstate Highway 64, it is linked to others of the cities of Hampton Roads by the circumferential Hampton Roads Beltway, part of the Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport is in the city limits. The original area near the mouth of the James River was first referred to as Newportes Newes as early as 1621, the source of the name Newport News is not known with certainty. Several versions are recorded, and it is the subject of popular speculation locally, the new governor ordered them to turn around, and return to Jamestown. Under this theory, the community was named for Newports good news, another possibility is that the community may have derived its name from an old English word news meaning new town. At least one source claims that the New arose from the settlements being rebuilt after a fire. Another source gave the name as New Port Newce, named for a person with the name Newce. The namesake, Sir William Newce, was an English soldier, there he had established Newcestown near Bandon, County Cork. He sailed to Virginia with Sir Francis Wyatt in October 1621 and was granted 2,500 acres of land and his brother, Capt. Thomas Newce, was given 600 acres at Kequatan, now called Elizabeth Cittie
17.
U.S. Route 360
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U. S. Route 360 is a spur of US60 in the U. S. state of Virginia. The U. S. Highway runs 225.31 miles from US58 Business, Virginia State Route 293, US360 connects Danville, South Boston, and Keysville in Southside Virginia with the state capital of Richmond. The U. S. Highway also connects Richmond with Tappahannock on the Middle Peninsula and the eastern Northern Neck, US360 is a four-lane divided highway for almost all of its length. US360 begins at an intersection on the north side of the Dan River opposite downtown Danville. Main Street heads south across the river into downtown Danville as SR293 and north as SR293 and SR360, the west leg of the intersection is Riverside Drive, which is followed by US58 Business. US360 heads east along four-lane divided River Street with US58 Business, the highways name changes to South Boston Highway on crossing Fall Creek and veering away from the Dan River. US360 reaches the end of its concurrency with US58 Business. US360 and US58 leave the city of Danville after passing along the side of Danville Regional Airport. US360 and US58 meet the end of SR62 in eastern Pittsylvania County before entering Halifax County. The highways name changes to Philpott Road and it crosses the Dan River, US360 and US58 pass through the hamlets of Delila, where the U. S. Highways meet the end of SR119 and Turbeville before reaching the community of Riverdale on the south side of the Dan River opposite South Boston. Highways have a grade crossing of Norfolk Southerns Durham District rail line and intersect US501, where the highways begin to follow Bill Tuck Highway. A short distance east of US501, US360 and US58 diverge, with the highway turning north onto James D. Hagood Highway to cross the Dan River. On entering the town of South Boston, US360 follows John Randolph Boulevard and has intersections with the ends of SR304. After leaving South Boston, US360 becomes James D. Hagood Highway again, the U. S. Highway crosses the Banister River at Terrys Bridge and meets the coincident termini of SR360 and SR344 near Scottsburg. US360 crosses over the Danville–Richmond rail line and meets the end of SR92 south of the town of Clover. The U. S. Highway crosses the Roanoke River into Charlotte County and follows Kings Highway, US360 and US15 run concurrently north through Crafton Gate, where the highways intersect SR47. South of Keysville, at the end of US15 Business and US360 Business
18.
Tappahannock, Virginia
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Tappahannock is the oldest town in Essex County, Virginia, United States. The population was 2,375 at the 2010 census, up from 2,068 at the 2000 census, located on the Rappahannock River, Tappahannock is the county seat of Essex County. Its name comes from an Algonquian language word lappihanne, meaning Town on the rise and fall of water or where the tide ebbs, in 1608 John Smith landed in Tapphannock but was driven back by the local Native American tribe. In 1682 a local man, Jacob Hobbs, established a trading post in the now extinct Rappahannock County and this area became known as Hobbs Hole. The town comprised 50 acres divided into half-acre squares, the port was established at Hobbs Hole and called New Plymouth, later changed back to the Indian name Tappahannock. As part of the Tobacco Inspection Act of 1730 public warehouses for inspection and exportation of tobacco were established at Hobbs Hole, the Tappahannock Historic District and Sabine Hall are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. On February 24,2016, the town was hit by a large EF3 tornado causing massive damage, Tappahannock is located on the east side of Essex County at 37°55′20″N 76°51′47″W, on the southwest bank of the Rappahannock River. Routes 17 and 360 pass through the town, US17 passes through the center of town as Church Lane, leading northwest 47 miles to Fredericksburg and southeast 70 miles to Newport News. US360 leads southwest from Tappahannock 45 miles to Richmond, the state capital. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town 2.7 square miles, of which 2.6 square miles is land and 0.077 square miles, or 2. 84%, is water. As of the census of 2000, there were 2,068 people,857 households, the population density was 793.6 people per square mile. There were 946 housing units at a density of 363.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 54. 60% White,41. 60% African American,0. 10% Native American,2. 50% Asian,0. 10% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 40% of the population. 35. 8% of all households were made up of individuals and 14. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.91. In the town, the population was out with 22. 4% under the age of 18,8. 5% from 18 to 24,27. 0% from 25 to 44,20. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 39 years, for every 100 females there were 78.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.6 males, the median income for a household in the town was $33,688, and the median income for a family was $41,579. Males had an income of $28,409 versus $20,431 for females
19.
U.S. Route 301 in Virginia
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U. S. Route 301 is a part of the U. S. Highway System that runs from Sarasota, Florida to Middletown, Delaware. In Virginia, the U. S. Highway runs 142.70 miles from the North Carolina state line near Skippers north to the Maryland state line at the Potomac River near Dahlgren, US301 forms the local complement to Interstate 95 from Emporia to Petersburg. The U. S. Highway runs concurrently with US1 between Petersburg and the capital of Richmond, where the highways form one of the main north–south avenues. US301 continues north concurrent with Virginia State Route 2 to Bowling Green, forming an alternative to I-95. At Bowling Green, which is connected to I-95 by SR207, US301 becomes the highway connecting Richmond. US301 replaced US 17-1 in the early 1930s and was extended from Petersburg north along its current course into Maryland when the Potomac River Bridge was completed in 1940. The U. S. Highway expands to an undivided highway and has a partial cloverleaf interchange with US58 before re-entering Greensville County as four-lane divided Sussex Drive. Northbound US301 receives a ramp from northbound I-95 a short distance south of I-95s diamond interchange with SR614 just west of the US 301–SR614 intersection. US301 crosses over to the east side of the CSX rail line and enters Sussex County, the U. S. Highway has a diamond interchange with I-95 where the Interstate crosses to the east side of the highway. US301 meets the end of SR139 while passing through the town of Jarratt. The I-95 southbound lanes in this section were built as the northbound US301 lanes. US301 crosses the Nottoway River before reaching Stony Creek, where the creek enters the Nottoway River. At Stony Creek, the U. S. Highway has a junction with SR40 and a concurrency with SR40 Business. South of Carson, US301 enters Prince George County and its changes to Crater Road. US301 turns north from SR35 at the intersection that receives a ramp from northbound I-95. US301 and SR156 have a concurrency before SR156 leaves as Prince George Drive toward Hopewell. The U. S. Highway crosses Warwick Swamp and has interchange with I-95. US301 enters the city of Petersburg and expands to a divided highway just south of Wagner Road
20.
Port Royal, Virginia
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Port Royal is an incorporated town in Caroline County, Virginia, United States. The population was 126 at the 2010 census, the town was also set along an early stage road, which brought passengers and freight for embarkation upon the river there. It still remains a crossroads along the modern highways of U. S. Route 17. Port Royal is one of the more historic towns. It was an important point for export of tobacco, Virginias cash crop, local tradition holds that Port Royal was named after the Roy family. Dorothy Roy and her husband John owned a warehouse chartered by the crown, a service across the Rappahannock River to King George County. In the 21st century, the chimneys of the Roy house are preserved landmarks in the town, Port Royal was incorporated as a town in 1744. The town green, upon which today the Town Hall. Shipping of property from the port began to decline after completion of railroads which began in Virginia in the 1830s, the last scheduled passenger ship service ended in 1932, supplanted by highways. However, Port Royal was served by the new highways which became U. S. Route 17 and U. S. Route 301, probably Port Royals most notable claim to fame is that John Wilkes Booth was killed about two miles outside town by Sgt. Booth escaped through southern Maryland and across the Potomac River as well as the Rappahannock River before being cornered in a barn on the Garrett farm at sunrise. Shot through the neck and instantly paralyzed, Booth died on the porch of the Garrett house. One of his accomplices in the murder who was with him and captured at the Garrett farm, David Herold, was tried, convicted and hanged on July 7,1865, poet Judith Lomax lived in Port Royal for some years. Port Royal is located in northern Caroline County at 38°10′11″N 77°11′27″W, routes 17 and 301 cross just southwest of the town limits. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 0.10 square miles. That changed in July 2014, when the town quintupled in size to 481 acres, as of the census of 2000, there were 170 people,72 households, and 43 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,467.9 people per square mile, there were 90 housing units at an average density of 777.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 59. 41% White,38. 24% African American,0. 59% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 59% of the population
21.
Interstate 95 in Virginia
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Within the Commonwealth of Virginia, Interstate 95 runs 179 miles between its borders with Maryland and North Carolina. I-95 is concurrent with I-64 for 3 miles in Richmond, although I-95 was originally planned as a highway through Washington, D. C. it was rerouted along the eastern portion of the Capital Beltway. I-95 continues into Washington, D. C. then Maryland, Interstate 95 continues the pattern of being a four-lane highway from North Carolina. The welcome center forbids trucks, but truck stops at the first two interchanges provides a place for truckers to stay before reaching Emporia. North of here, I-95 and US301 are often intertwined with other as they encounter interchanges with Virginia Secondary State Routes. In the Owens-Stony Creek area in Sussex County, the not only runs parallel to US301 but shares bridges with I-95. This pattern ends at Exit 33 at the corner of a popular truck stop. Crossing the Sussex-Prince George County Line, the first site along I-95 is another rest area also serves as the Petersburg Area Tourist Information Center. A series of roads connect the interchanges with US460, US301. Immediately after the interchange with Interstate 85, remnants of the toll booths for the Richmond–Petersburg Turnpike can be found. North of Petersburg, I-95 crosses the Appomattox River and enters the City of Colonial Heights, Pocahontas Parkway and an extraordinarily high Vietnam Veterans Memorial Bridge over I-95 and the James River just south of the Richmond City Limits. As I-95 itself crosses the James River, Main Street Station can be seen on the bank. The first interchange after it crosses the James River is the tolled State Route 195, i-64/95 curves to the northwest to cross under US 1/301, only to turn back north briefly, and curve northwest again, as it approaches VA161. This pattern ends when I-64 turns west at the interchange as the northern terminus of I-195. From here I-95 curves back to the northeast and has two interchanges with US1, and later US301 separately, the latter of which has separate carriageways on both side of I-95, another interchange with Interstate 295 exists in Glen Allen. However, I-295 does not terminate there, and the south-to-eastbound and west-to-northbound off-ramps between the two can be accessed in the medians of both roads, throughout much of central Virginia, I-95 climbs a series of hills, and contains wide tree-lined medians. Near mile marker 100 in Doswell, signs for the Kings Dominion amusement park are blended in with standard destination signs, US17 overlaps I-95 from Massaponax at exit 126 to Falmouth at exit 133. The wide tree-line divider resumes north of here, at Exit 143 in Aquia, the northbound off and on ramps connect directly to US1, even though the interchange is specifically for VSR610
22.
U.S. Route 1 in Virginia
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At its north end, on the approach to the 14th Street Bridge, US1 is concurrent with I-395, the rest of US1 is on surface roads. The U. S. Highway heads north as a road, passes to the east of Palmer Springs, and crosses Lake Gaston. North of the lake, the highway gains an intermittent second lane northbound to its junction with US58 at Big Fork, the U. S. split northeast from US58. The mainline highway and business route enter the town of South Hill along Danville Street, as the highways approach downtown South Hill, the center turn lane ends. US1 gains a center turn lane again northeast of downtown, the U. S. Highway meets the southern end of SR138, then expands to a four-lane divided highway for its four-ramp partial cloverleaf interchange with I-85 before leaving the town of South Hill. US1 continues northeast as a road that alternates between two lanes northbound, two lanes southbound, and a center turn lane. The route expands to a divided highway after entering Brunswick County, where the highways name becomes Boydton Plank Road. US1 reduces to a road and passes through Meredithville. At Cochran, the highway intersects SR46 just south of the Christanna Campus of Southside Virginia Community College, US1 expands to a four-lane divided highway, the southbound lanes pass under a narrow former railroad bridge. The highway has a interchange with I-85, then passes through the southern edge of the town of Alberta. US1 reduces to three lanes a short distance north of the river and passes through the town of McKenney, the highway passes through DeWitt, then expands to a four-lane divided highway and crosses a former railroad line. US1 crosses Stony Creek and drops to three lanes as it enters the county seat of Dinwiddie and passes the Dinwiddie County Court House. US1 and US460 Bus. pass Pamplin Historical Park, the routes expand to a four-lane divided highway at its intersection with SR142, then they meet I-85 and US460 at a six-ramp partial cloverleaf interchange. US1 and US460 Bus. reduce to two lanes plus center turn lane and pass along the western and northern sides of Central State Hospital, on their curve east, east of the hospital complex, the highways enter the independent city of Petersburg. US1 and US460 Bus. enter Petersburg along Washington Street, eastbound SR36 joins the eastbound concurrency at Market Street within the smaller South Market Street Historic District. US301 Alt. joins both directions at Sycamore Street, one block to the block that contains Washington Street Methodist Church—US1. US1 continues into the Petersburg Old Town Historic District, where the highway intersects Bank Street and Bolingbrook Street, southbound US301 leaves US1 at Bank Street, northbound US301 joins US1 at Bolingbrook Street, and Bolingbrook Street also carries westbound SR36. North of Bolingbrook Street, US1 and US301 cross the Appomattox River on the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Bridge, Highways have an intersection with Bridge Street, which leads to Pocahontas Island and its namesake historic district
23.
Fredericksburg, Virginia
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Fredericksburg is an independent city in Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 24,286, the city population was estimated at 28,118 in 2015. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Fredericksburg with neighboring Spotsylvania County for statistical purposes, located near where the Rappahannock River crosses the Fall Line, Fredericksburg was a prominent port in Virginia during the colonial era. Fredericksburg is home to major commercial centers including Central Park and Spotsylvania Towne Centre. Major employers include the University of Mary Washington, Mary Washington Healthcare, many Fredericksburg-area residents commute to work by car, bus, and rail to Washington and Richmond, as well as Fairfax, Prince William, and Arlington counties. At the time of European encounter, the inhabitants of the area that became Fredericksburg were a Siouan-speaking tribe called the Manahoac, english colonists recorded the name of the Manahoac village there as Mahaskahod. Located on the Rappahannock River near the head of navigation at the fall line, the land on which the city was founded was part of a tract patented in 1671. The Virginia General Assembly established a fort on the Rappahannock in 1676, in 1714, Lt. Gov. Named for Frederick, Prince of Wales, son of King George II, the colonial towns streets bore the names of members of the royal family. The county court was moved to Fredericksburg in 1732, and the served as county seat until 1780. In 1781, Fredericksburg was incorporated as a town, with its own court, council and it received its charter as a city in 1879, and under Virginia law was separated from Spotsylvania County. The city adopted its present city manager/council form of government in 1911, the city has close associations with George Washington, whose family moved to Ferry Farm in Stafford County just off the Rappahannock River opposite Fredericksburg in 1738. Washingtons mother Mary later moved to the city, and his sister Betty lived at Kenmore, other significant early residents include the Revolutionary War generals Hugh Mercer and George Weedon, naval war hero John Paul Jones, and future U. S. president James Monroe. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom in Fredericksburg, during the 19th century, Fredericksburg sought to maintain its sphere of trade, but with limited success. It promoted the development of a canal on the Rappahannock and construction of a turnpike, by 1837, a north-south railroad, which became the Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad, linked the town to Richmond, the state capital. A much-needed railroad joining the town to the region to the west was not finished until after the Civil War. During the Civil War, Fredericksburg gained strategic importance due to its location midway between Washington and Richmond, the capitals of the Union and the Confederacy. During the Battle of Fredericksburg, December 11–15,1862, the town sustained significant damage from bombardment, a Second Battle of Fredericksburg was fought in and around the town on May 3,1863, in connection with the Chancellorsville campaign. The battles of the Wilderness and Spotsylvania Court House were fought nearby in May 1864, after the war, Fredericksburg recovered its former position as a center of local trade and slowly grew beyond its prewar boundaries
24.
U.S. Route 15 in Virginia
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U. S. Route 15 is a part of the U. S. Highway System that runs from Walterboro, South Carolina to Painted Post, New York. In Virginia, the U. S. Highway runs 230.37 miles from the North Carolina state line near Clarksville north to the Maryland state line at the Potomac River near Lucketts. US15 is a major highway through the Piedmont of Virginia, connecting Clarksville and Farmville in Southside Virginia with Culpeper, Warrenton. US15 enters Mecklenburg County, Virginia at the North Carolina state line several miles south of Clarksville, the U. S. Highway continues south toward Oxford and the Research Triangle. US15 heads north as two-lane National Highway, which parallels the Virginia Southern Railroad north across the Grassy Creek branch of Kerr Lake, the U. S. Highway expands to a four-lane divided highway in an industrial area adjacent to Marks Municipal Airport. US15 passes through a cloverleaf interchange with the US58 bypass, then becomes an undivided highway on entering the town of Clarksville as College Street. The U. S. Highway turns east onto Virginia Avenue, after passing through the Clarksville Historic District, US15, US58 Business, and SR49 leave the town of Clarksville by crossing the John H. Kerr Reservoir, an impoundment of the Roanoke River that is known as Buggs Island Lake, on the Phillip Saint Julian Wilson Bridge. At the east end of the causeway, access to US58 is provided at a four-way intersection. Ramps to US58 west and US58 east form the southern and eastern legs of the intersection, which mainline US58 avoids via a pair of flyover ramps just east of its bridge over the reservoir. US15 and SR49 turn north, cross over the Virginia Southern rail line, US15 heads north, crossing the Bluestone Creek arm of the reservoir and entering Charlotte County, where the road becomes named Barnesville Highway. The U. S. Highway intersects SR92 at Barnes Junction, Highways continue north along US 360s four-lane divided highway, which intersects SR47 at Crafton Gate. South of Keysville, US15 and US360 meet the end of US15 Business and US360 Business. Highways also cross over the Virginia Southern Railroad, US15 and US360 meet SR40 at a diamond interchange just east of the town of Keysville. US15 enters Prince Edward County as Farmville Road and crosses over Norfolk Southern Railways Blue Ridge District west of the hamlet of Briery, the U. S. Highway passes through the hamlets of Redd Shop and Worsham before reaching Kingsville, where the highway intersects SR133. SR133 heads west to the community of Hampden Sydney and its namesake college, US15 veers northeast and meets US460 at a diamond interchange. US15 joins US460 west on the freeway while US15 Business heads toward the town of Farmville. US15 and US460 cross over Little Buffalo Creek, Buffalo Creek, and the High Bridge Trail, Highways diverge at a trumpet interchange west of Farmville
25.
U.S. Route 29 in Virginia
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U. S. Route 29 is a major north–south route in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It covers 248 miles from the North Carolina border at the city of Danville to the Key Bridge in Washington, for much of its length, US29 in Virginia is known as the Seminole Trail. Through Northern Virginia, it is known as Lee Highway, except in Falls Church and these divisions next fought their way across France, and into Germany. In addition, the name of this serves to honor many members of the Virginia Army National Guard who serve as part of this National Guard Division today. Signs indicating this designation have been placed periodically on both sides of US29, US29 in Virginia has probably the most highway by-pass routes in the entire state, having eleven of these around various cities and towns. These bypasses are around Danville, Chatham, Gretna, Hurt-Altavista, Lynchburg-Madison Heights-Amherst, Lovingston, Charlottesville, Madison, Culpeper, Remington, in addition, Interstate 66 serves for the most part as a by-pass of Manassas and also Fairfax and Arlington. US29 enters Virginia in Danville from North Carolina, immediately splitting into business and by-pass routes, US29 joins the Danville Expressway and US58 around the east side of Danville, entering Pittsylvania County, and re-merging with the business route north of town in Blairs. Along the southeastern quadrant of the Danville Expressway between the North Carolina border and US360, the route is designated as part of unsigned State Route 785 for 7.39 mi. 2000, SR785 is numbered in contradiction to the system of numbering in the state. It is numbered as such because it is part of the planned Interstate 785, which run south along US29 to Interstate 85 in Greensboro, North Carolina. The other is Route 895 in Richmond for similar reasons, US29 then continues north where it splits into business and by-pass routes for Chatham, Gretna, and Hurt before entering Campbell County. The next major city is Lynchburg, US29 joins the US460 by-pass of Lynchburg, splitting from it just before entering Amherst County. US29 again by-passes Madison Heights and Amherst as an expressway, the route then continues north to Charlottesville, intersecting Interstate 64 and by-passing downtown Charlottesville. US29 rejoins its congested business route just north of downtown, past Charlottesville, it converts back to 4 lanes and continues through Greene and Madison Counties, and then turns north-east toward Culpeper. US15 joins US29 around Culpeper, and heads to Warrenton, US29 /15 is joined by US17 south of Warrenton in Fauquier County, and continues around the town, with US17 splitting off. US 29/15 continues mostly eastward to Gainesville where US15 splits, US29 continues into Fairfax County, where it passes along the boundary of the city of Falls Church, where the road has two different names. The road continues into Arlington, having intersected I-66 five more times before crossing into the District. The portion of what is now US29 from the North Carolina state line to Warrenton was named the Seminole Trail by an act of the Virginia General Assembly on February 16,1928
26.
Warrenton, Virginia
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Warrenton is a town in Fauquier County, Virginia, United States. The population was 9,611 at the 2010 census, up from 6,670 at the 2000 census, the estimated population in 2015 was 9,897. Warrenton is the county seat of Fauquier County and it is at the junction of U. S. Route 15, U. S. Route 17, U. S. Route 29, and U. S. Route 211. The town is in the Piedmont region of Virginia, east of the Blue Ridge Mountains, the well-known Airlie Conference Center is 3 miles north of Warrenton, and the historic Vint Hill Farms military facility is 9 miles east. Fauquier Hospital is located in the town, surrounded by Virginia wine and horse country, Warrenton is a popular destination outside of Washington, D. C. Like many incorporated towns in Virginia, the town of Warrenton has government, the town and the county do share some services, such as schools and the county landfill. In the 1790s, a courthouse was built in the area, the Town of Warrenton was incorporated on January 5,1810, and named for General Joseph Warren, a Revolutionary War hero. Richard Henry Lee donated the land for the county seat, John S. Horner, Secretary of Wisconsin Territory and Acting Governor of Michigan Territory, was born in Warrenton. John Marshall, the fourth Chief Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court, was from Germantown, confederate Colonel John S. Mosby made raids in the town during the Civil War and later made his home and practiced law in Warrenton. The Warren Green Hotel building hosted many people, including the Marquis de Lafayette, James Monroe, Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay, President Theodore Roosevelt. Union General George B. McClellan bade farewell to his officers November 11,1862 and it now hosts some offices of the Fauquier County government. Arthur Jordan, an African-American man, was lynched by a mob of approximately 60-75 men in white hoods in the hours of January 19,1880. A group of local men hunted the pair down near Williamsport, Maryland, captured Mr. Jordan and returned him to Fauquier, whereupon he was delivered to the town jail. Later that night, the lynch mob gained access to the jail and dragged Jordan to the nearby town cemetery. Ms. Corder remained in Maryland, estranged from her family, news of the lynching was reported in papers across the nation. Even some foreign newspapers, such as Australias Sydney Morning Herald, in 1909, a fire destroyed almost half the structures in the town, and was halted with the use of dynamite to create a firebreak to stop the flames from spreading. In 1951, the government established the Warrenton Training Center just outside Warrenton. A bypass route around the town was built in the early 1960s, which attracted restaurants, gas stations, and shopping centers, the Warrenton Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983
27.
Interstate 66
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Interstate 66 is an Interstate Highway in the eastern United States. As indicated by its route number, it runs in an east–west direction. Its current western terminus is in Middletown, Virginia, at an interchange with Interstate 81, its terminus is in Washington. Because of its terminus in the Shenandoah Valley, the highway was called the Shenandoah Freeway. Much of the route parallels U. S. Route 29 or Virginia State Route 55, Interstate 66 has no physical or historical connection to the famous U. S. Route 66 which is in a different region of the United States. The E Street Expressway is a spur from Interstate 66 into the Foggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington, because I-66 is the only Interstate Highway running west from Washington, D. C. into Northern Virginia, traffic on the road is often extremely heavy. In 2005, the Virginia Department of Transportation studied the prospect of implementing a one-lane-plus-shoulder extension on westbound I-66 within the Beltway. In the summer of 2010, construction began on a third lane, the entrance ramp acceleration lane and the exit ramp deceleration lanes were lengthened to form a continuous lane between both ramps. The 12-foot shoulder lane can carry emergency vehicles and can be used in emergency situations and this project was completed in December 2011. The Orange Line and the Silver Line of the Washington Metro operate in the median of the highway in Fairfax, four stations are located along this segment of I-66. I-66 east has two ramps, one from each side of the highway, to the Inner Loop of I-495 heading northbound. Both exit ramps for the Inner Loop merge prior to merging from the left with the Inner Loop, there is no access from the Outer Loop of I-495 to I-66 east, traffic wishing to make this movement must use State Route 267 east. I-66 east also has two exits, one each side of the highway, to the Outer Loop of I-495. One is an exit, while one is a left exit. I-66 is named the Custis Memorial Parkway east of the Capital Beltway in Virginia, the name commemorates the Custis family, several of whose members played prominent roles in Northern Virginias history. Due to heavy traffic, I-66 features a variety of high-occupancy vehicle restrictions. The eastbound shoulder lane between US50 in Fairfax, Virginia and the Beltway is open to all traffic from 5,30 to 11,00 a. m on weekdays. The westbound shoulder lane, also between the Capital Beltway and U. S. Route 50, is open to all traffic from 2,00 to 8,00 p. m on weekdays
28.
Interstate 81 in Virginia
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Interstate 81 is an 855-mile long highway. In the U. S. state of Virginia, I-81 runs for 324.92 miles and it is also the longest Interstate highway within the borders of Virginia. It stretches from the Tennessee state line near Bristol to the West Virginia state line near Winchester, Interstate 81 enters Bristol, Virginia from Tennessee and runs primarily along the mountains of western Virginia. For most of its length, I-81 parallels U. S. Route 11, I-81 runs concurrently with Interstate 77 in Wytheville, Virginia for about 10 miles in a notable example of a wrong-way concurrency, both I-81 south and I-77 north share the same roadbed there. Further north, the highway runs concurrently with several miles of Interstate 64. The state has proposed to widen its entire portion of I-81 to a minimum of three or four lanes in each direction to accommodate increased traffic and to toll non-passenger vehicles. Some sections of the new Virginia I-81 may completely separate car, between exits 315 and 317 the state has proposed to widen it to 4 lanes for this 2 mile portion in Winchester, Virginia. org I-81 Corridor in Virginia by VDOT
29.
U.S. Route 522 in Virginia
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U. S. Route 522 is a part of the U. S. Highway System that runs from Chase City, Virginia to Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania. In Virginia, the U. S. highway runs 159.65 miles from its terminus at US60 in Chase City north to the West Virginia state line near Cross Junction. In the Piedmont of central Virginia, US522 is a highway connecting several county seats, including Powhatan, Goochland. North of Culpeper, the U. S. highway increases in importance, crossing the Blue Ridge Mountains, connecting Culpeper with Sperryville and Front Royal. US522 is mostly a divided highway north of Front Royal, where it passes through the Shenandoah Valley. The U. S. highway is part of the National Highway System from SR37 near Winchester north to the West Virginia state line, US522 begins at an intersection with US60 in Powhatan. The roadway continues on the side of the intersection as State Route 1002. US522 heads north as Maidens Road, passing through the countryside of Powhatan County before crossing the James River, US522 continues north through the villages of Sandy Hook and Gum Spring, where the highway enters Louisa County. In Gum Spring, the U. S. highway intersects the highway between Richmond and Charlottesville, U. S. Route 250, and the express connection. US522 heads north as Cross County Road, bridging the South Anna River and passing through Cuckoo, North of Cuckoo, the highways name is Pendleton Road until becoming Mineral Avenue in the town of Mineral, where the highway parallels CSXs Piedmont Subdivision. US522 and SR208 head north toward Lake Anna, an impoundment of the North Anna River, US522 heads straight north, passing to the east of Lahore before intersecting SR20 near Unionville. The U. S. highway veers northwest to cross the Rapidan River, entering Culpeper County, just southeast of Culpeper, US522 meets SR3, which it joins in a concurrency northwest to Culpeper. SR3 reaches its terminus at US15 Business, which joins US522 in a concurrency west to Main Street. The U. S. highway and the two routes head north through downtown Culpeper to Evans Street, where US522 turns west. US522 heads north into the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains in western Culpeper County as Sperryville Pike, the U. S. highway passes through the village of Boston before entering Rappahannock. US522 passes through a gap between Butler Mountain and Bessie Bell Mountain on its way to Woodville, the U. S. highway meets the northern end of SR231 before reaching the village of Sperryville. In Sperryville, US522 joins US211 in a concurrency, US211 and US522 head north as a four-lane divided highway, passing by the Rappahannock County seat of Washington, which is served by US211 Business. East of Washington, US211 continues east toward Warrenton while US522 turns north toward Front Royal, US522 continues north as Zachary Taylor Highway, passing through the villages of Flint Hill and Huntly before ascending to Chester Gap, where US522 crosses the Blue Ridge Mountains
30.
Winchester, Virginia
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Winchester is an Independent City located in the northwestern portion of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,203, as of 2015, its population is an estimated 27,284. It is the county seat of Frederick County, although the two are separate jurisdictions, the Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Winchester with surrounding Frederick County for statistical purposes. Winchester is home to Shenandoah University and the Museum of the Shenandoah Valley, indigenous peoples lived along the waterways of present-day Virginia for thousands of years before European contact. Archeological, linguistic and anthropological studies have provided insights into their cultures, the Algonquian-speaking Shawnee began to challenge the Iroquoians for the hunting grounds later in that century. The explorers Batts and Fallam in 1671 reported the Shawnee were contesting with the Iroquoians for control of the valley and were losing, during the later Beaver Wars, the powerful Iroquois Confederacy from New York subjugated all tribes in the frontier region west of the Fall Line. By the time European settlers arrived in the Shenandoah Valley around 1729, the Iroquois Six Nations finally ceded their nominal claim to the Shenandoah Valley at the Treaty of Lancaster. The treaty also established the right of colonists to use the Indian Road, the father of the historical Shawnee chief Cornstalk had his court at Shawnee Springs until 1754. The Shawnee settled for years in the Ohio Country before being forced by the US government under Indian Removal in the 1830s to remove to Indian Territory. Winchester had a role as a frontier city in those early times. French Jesuit expeditions may have first entered the valley as early as 1606, the first confirmed exploration of the northern valley was by the explorer John Lederer, who viewed the it from the current Fauquier and Warren County line on August 26,1670. In 1705 the Swiss explorer Louise Michel and in 1716 Governor Alexander Spotswood did more extensive mapping and surveying, in the late 1720s, Governor William Gooch promoted settlement by issuing large land grants. Robert King Carter, manager of the Lord Fairfax proprietorship, acquired 200,000 acres, the Scots-Irish comprised the most numerous group of immigrants from the British Isles before the American Revolutionary War. The settlement of Winchester began as early as 1729, when Quakers such as Abraham Hollingsworth migrated up the Great Valley along the long-traveled Indian Path from Pennsylvania and he and others began to homestead on old Shawnee campgrounds. Tradition holds that the Quakers purchased several tracts on Apple-pie Ridge from the natives, the first German settler appears to have been Jost Hite in 1732, who brought ten other families, including some Scots-Irish. Though Virginia was an Anglican colony, Governor William Gooch had a tolerant policy on religion, the availability of land grants brought in many religious families, who were often given 50-acre plots through the sponsorship of fellow-religious grant purchasers and speculators. As a result, the Winchester area became home to some of the oldest Presbyterian, Quaker, the first Lutheran worship was established by Rev. John Casper Stoever, Jr. and Alexander Ross established Hopewell Meeting for the Quakers. By 1736, Scots-Irish built the Opequon Presbyterian Church in Kernstown, a legal fight erupted in 1735 when Thomas Fairfax, Sixth Lord Fairfax came to Virginia to claim his land grant
31.
U.S. Route 11 in Virginia
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U. S. Route 11 is a north–south United States highway that traverses through western Virginia, parallel to Interstate 81. Virginias portion of US11 begins at the intersection of east–west Euclid Avenue. At this intersection, a pair of divided U. S. Highways, US 11W and US 11E, US 11W and US 11E parallel each other through East Tennessee to Knoxville, where the divided routes merge to form mainline US11 again. The west leg of the intersection features southbound US 11W and northbound US421, Highways split at the Tennessee state line, US 11W heads southwest toward Kingsport, Tennessee while US421 soon joins US58 west toward Gate City, Virginia. The south leg of the intersection includes southbound US 11E, southbound US19, southbound US421, the north leg of the intersection is SR381, which is a state-numbered, street-level continuation of I-381, a spur south from I-81. US11 and US19 head east as a divided boulevard through a residential area. The street becomes undivided shortly before the U. S, Highways reach the northern end of SR113, which heads south toward Virginia Intermont College and downtown Bristol. US11 and US19 continue northeast on Lee Highway, which here, the highway meets I-81 and US58 at a diamond interchange with a rakish angle. US11 and US19 pass under Norfolk Southern Railways Pulaski District, the two highways continue northeast through Washington County, where they pass Virginia Highlands Airport before entering the town of Abingdon. At the west end of town, US11 and US19 intersect SR140, Highways and I-81 that also serves Virginia Highlands Community College. The U. S. highways continue east as Main Street, US11 becomes four lanes and then two at its intersection with US58 Alternate, which leads to the William King Museum, in downtown Abingdon. The alternate route runs along Main Street for a distance before turning south with SR75 to rejoin US58 at I-81. US11 passes the Barter Theatre, at the east end of town, US11 crosses over the rail line and meets I-81 at a partial cloverleaf interchange. US11 has a concurrency with US58 east of the interchange before US58 splits to the east as Jeb Stuart Highway. US11 meets the end of SR80 south of the communities of Meadowview and Emory. The U. S. Highway intersects SR91 south of Glade Spring before the highway closely parallels I-81, US11 has an interchange with I-81 where the highway crosses to the north side of the Interstate shortly before entering Smyth County. What is now US11 was added to the highway system in 1918 as portions of State Route 10. SR3 became State Route 33 in 1923, and US11 was applied to its present alignment in 1926, SR10 and SR33 vere dropped in 1933
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U.S. Route 50 in Virginia
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U. S. Route 50 is a transcontinental highway which stretches from Ocean City, Maryland to West Sacramento, California. U. S. Route 50, also known in times for most of its mileage in Virginia as the John Mosby Highway. Native Americans first created it as they followed seasonally migrating game from the Potomac River to the Shenandoah Valley, as English colonists expanded westward in the late 17th and 18th centuries, the Indian trail gradually became a more clearly defined roadway. Along the way, small settlements sprang up which provided lodging and provisions for travelers, during the American Civil War, the roads which became US50 were an important travelway for troops, and were the site of significant battles and skirmishes. Among these, the Battle of Chantilly, the Battle of Aldie, during the 19th century, the Virginia Board of Public Works encouraged and helped finance internal transportation improvements such as canals, turnpikes, and some of the earlier railroads. The Winchester and Berrys Ferry Turnpike extended from the Ashbys Gap to Winchester, in 1922, these three privately owned turnpikes were taken over by the Commonwealth of Virginia and became State Route 36. Then in November 1926 the route part of US Route 50 as designated in the United States Numbered Highway System. At Winchester, the end of the Valley Pike, another historic trail, turnpike and toll road pathway steeped in history, intersected US50. US Route 50 was one of the major east–west transcontinental highways in the system of the lower 48 states planned in the 1920s as a successor to the National Auto Trails System. It extended from San Francisco, California to Annapolis, Maryland, Route 50 crosses Virginia near the states northern borders with Maryland and West Virginia. The east–west major routes in the 1920s national grid system were those with two digit ending with a zero. Virginias other east–west highway of this type is US60, which extends in modern times from Virginia Beach across the section of the state to exit west of Covington. It is on a winding, two lane road until it passes the former lumbering town of Gore, at which point it widens to a four-lane highway and it eventually crosses State Route 37 and enters the independent city of Winchester. Winchester was long the transportation hub of the lower Shenandoah Valley in Virginia, today, US50 meets Interstate 81 there, as well as US11, US522, and State Route 7. U. S. Route 17 joins US50 here from its northern terminus as the route exits the city to the east. After crossing the Shenandoah River, the divided four-laned roadway which serves as combined U. S. Routes 17 and 50 ascends into Clarke County and crosses US340 close to Boyce <Google Maps, State of Va. >, a few south of Berryville. Just west of Paris, the crosses a ridge of the Blue Ridge Mountains at a place known as Ashby Gap
33.
Isle of Wight County, Virginia
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Isle of Wight County is a county located in the U. S. state of Virginia. It was named after the Isle of Wight, in the English Channel, as of the 2010 census, the population was 35,270. Its county seat is Isle of Wight, Isle of Wight County is located in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. Isle of Wight County features two incorporated towns, Smithfield and Windsor, the original courthouse for the county was built in Smithfield in 1750. The original courthouse and its associated tavern are still standing, a new courthouse was built near the center of the county in 1800. The 1800 courthouse and its associated tavern are still standing. The 1800 courthouse is used daily, and is the government chambers for the Board of Supervisors, the chambers still occasionally serve as an actual courthouse for civil trials if the new courthouse is fully in use. The new courthouse opened in 2010 and is just across the street from the sheriffs office, during the 17th century, shortly after establishment of the settlement at Jamestown in 1607, English settlers explored and began settling the areas adjacent to Hampton Roads. Captain John Smith in 1608 crossed the James River and obtained fourteen bushels of corn from the Native American inhabitants and they were a tribe of the Powhatan Confederacy, who had three towns in the area of modern Smithfield. The Warraskoyaks were driven off from their villages in 1622 and 1627, the first English plantations along the south shore within present-day Isle of Wight were established by Puritan colonists, beginning with that of Christopher Lawne in May 1618. By 1634, the Colony consisted of eight shires or counties with a population of approximately 5,000 inhabitants. One of these was Warrosquyoake Shire, renamed Isle of Wight County in 1637, st. Lukes Church, built in the 17th century, is the Virginias oldest church building. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in recognition of its significance, many landmark and contributing structures on the National Register are located in Smithfield including the Wentworth-Grinnan House. In 1732 a considerable portion of the part of the original shire was added to Brunswick County. During the American Civil War, Company F of the 61st Virginia Infantry of the Confederate Army was called the Isle of Wight Avengers. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 363 square miles. The county is bounded by the James River on the north, the land is generally low-lying, with many swamps and pocosins. The population density was 94 people per square mile, there were 12,066 housing units at an average density of 38 per square mile
34.
York County, Virginia
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York County is a county in the eastern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia, located in the Tidewater. As of the 2010 census, the population was 65,464, the county seat is the unincorporated town of Yorktown. York County contains many tributaries of the York River and it shares land borders with the independent cities of Williamsburg, Newport News, Hampton, and Poquoson, as well as James City County, and shares a border along the York River with Gloucester County. Formed in 1634 as one of the eight original shires of the Virginia Colony, Yorktown is one of the three points of the Historic Triangle of Colonial Virginia. It is the site of the last battle and surrender of British forces in 1781 at the conclusion of the American Revolutionary War, in modern times, several important U. S. military installations have been developed in the county. It also has miles of waterfront residential and recreational areas, Yorktown is linked by the National Park Services bucolic Colonial Parkway with Colonial Williamsburg and historic attractions at Jamestown, Virginia. Heritage tourism to the Historic Triangle draws international visitors and is an economic activity for the county. The area which is now York County was long inhabited by succeeding cultures of Native Americans and these were hunter-gatherer groups during the late Woodland Period and earlier. By the late 16th century, much of the coastal plain draining to the Chesapeake Bay of the current Commonwealth of Virginia was called Tenakomakah in Algonquian, the historic tribes of the Tidewater area spoke related Algonquian languages. Other Algonquian-speaking peoples occupied coastal areas north and into present-day Canada, known as the Powhatan, meaning the paramount chief, he was from a village also known as Powhatan, near the fall line of the James River. Chief Powhatan later established a capital village, known as Werowocomoco. Rediscovered in the early 21st century by archeological work, it was located along the bank of the York River in present-day Gloucester County. The Chiskiack tribe of the Powhatan Confederacy lived in York County along the York River until the 1630s, escalating conflicts with the expanding English colony based at Jamestown caused them to move to the west. The English developed a settlement near the village of Chiskiack. This became part of the developments included within the present-day Naval Weapons Station Yorktown near Yorktown and are included in the military base, Cheesecake Road and Cheesecake Cemetery are also within the base, their names are thought to derive from the early Chiskiack people. After the Powhatan moved his capital from this area in 1609 and it was rediscovered in the early 21st century, and has been under continuing archaeological study projects. In 1570, Spanish Jesuit priests founded the Ajacán Mission in this area and they were guided by interpreter Don Luis, a Native American from this area who had been taken captive by an earlier expedition. He was taken to Spain and later to Mexico, where he was baptized as Don Luis, ten years later after returning to Virginia, he soon abandoned the Spanish group
35.
Gloucester County, Virginia
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Gloucester County is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 36,858 and its county seat is Gloucester Courthouse. The county was founded in 1651 in the Virginia Colony and is named for Henry Stuart, Gloucester County is included in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. Located at the east end of the part of the Middle Peninsula, it is bordered on the south by the York River. Gloucester County is about 75 miles east of Virginias capital, Richmond, Werowocomoco, capital of the large and powerful Powhatan Confederacy, was located on this part of the peninsula. In 2003 archeologists established that dense village had been located at this site from AD1200 to the early 17th century, the county was developed by colonists primarily for tobacco plantations, based on the labor of enslaved Africans imported in the slave trade. Tobacco was one of the first commodity crops but fishing also developed as an important industry, the county was home to numerous planters who were among the First Families of Virginia and leaders before the American Revolutionary War. Thomas Jefferson wrote early works for Virginia and colonial independence while staying at Rosewell Plantation, Gloucester County is rich in farmland. Its fishing industry is important to the state as well and it has a retail center located around the main street area of the county seat. Gloucester County and adjacent York County are linked by the George P. Coleman Memorial Bridge, Gloucester County is self-nicknamed the Daffodil Capital of the World, it hosts an annual daffodil festival, parade and flower show. This area was inhabited for thousands of years by cultures of hunter-gatherer Indian peoples. An important village known as Werowocomoco was occupied by c. AD1200 by the Algonquian-speaking peoples of the numerous emerging tribes in the area, before the late 16th century, the Powhatan Confederacy had been formed. It was made up of an estimated 30 tribes in the region, who spoke distinct but related languages. The Powhatan Confederacy was estimated to total 12,000 to 15,000 people across the region of present-day Virginia. Werowocomoco was the stronghold and capital of this confederacy, located on the side of the York River in what is now Gloucester. This complex, stratified society had developed in due to the cultivation and processing by women of varieties of maize, beans. With these crops, the women produced a surplus that, together with the game and fish collected by the men, the people also gathered nuts, berries and other foods of the region
36.
Middlesex County, Virginia
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Middlesex County is a county located on the Middle Peninsula in the U. S. state of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 10,959 and this area was long settled by indigenous peoples, those encountered by Europeans were of the Algonquian-speaking peoples, part of loose alliance of tribes known as the Powhatan Confederacy. The Nimcock had a village on the river where Urbanna was later developed, english settlement of the area began around 1640, with the county being officially formed in 1669 from a part of Lancaster County. This settlement pushed the Nimcock upriver, the countys only incorporated town, Urbanna, was established by the colonial Assembly in 1680 as one of 20 50-acre port towns designated for trade. It served initially as a port on the Rappahannock River for shipping agricultural products, as the county developed, it became its commercial and governmental center. The Rosegill Estate was developed as a plantation by Ralph Wormeley beginning in 1649 and it served as the temporary seat of the colony under two royal Governors of Virginia. This and other plantations in the county were developed for the commodity crop of tobacco through the 18th century, in the 19th century, many planters from the Upper South sold slaves to the Deep South after switching from tobacco to mixed crops, which required less labor. Others migrated to the Deep South to develop new land and plantations, taking slaves with them, as did Thomas Wingfield, who moved to Wilkes County, Georgia in 1783, accompanied by 23 slaves. Following the American Civil War and emancipation, numerous freedmen stayed in the area of Middlesex County. Others moved to towns or cities as artisans, seeking more opportunities, the Rosegill mansion continues to be used as a private residence to this day. Most of the land of the estate was purchased in the 21st century by a Northern Virginia development firm, an archaeological survey of the property included in the first phase of the planned development has revealed what appear to be parts of the Nimcock village. It also has uncovered evidence of the Rosegill slave community of African Americans, the developer intends to proceed with building houses over a portion of the artifacts, which will render excavation and study of them impossible. During the American Civil War, Urbanna was planned as the point of landing for General George B, mcClellans 1862 Peninsula Campaign of 1862 to take Richmond. McClellan shifted to use Fort Monroe as the point, almost doubling the distance by land that troops had to travel to the Confederate citadel. Delays in reaching the gates of Richmond allowed the Confederates ample time to erect substantial defensive batteries, the Historic Middlesex County Courthouse was built in 1850–1874 by architects William R. Jones and John P. Hill. It is listed in the National Register of Historic Places, construction of a new 21st-century county courthouse began in 2003 and was completed in 2004. It was not occupied until September 2007, however, due to a dispute between the county and the architect. The Historic Courthouse has been remodeled and now serves as the Board of Supervisors meeting room, Urbanna was incorporated on April 2,1902, comprising an area of 0.49 square miles
37.
Essex County, Virginia
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Essex County is a county located in the Middle Peninsula in the U. S. state of Virginia, the peninsula is bordered by the Rappahannock River on the north and the York River on the south. As of the 2010 census, the population was 11,151, Essex County was established in 1692 from the old Rappahannock County, Virginia. The county is named for either the shire or county in England, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 286 square miles, of which 257 square miles is land and 29 square miles is water. Its main town, Tappahanock, is focused at the Rappahanock River, the population density was 39 people per square mile. There were 4,926 housing units at a density of 19 per square mile. 0. 72% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,26. 10% of all households were made up of individuals and 11. 30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the family size was 2.95. In the county, the population was out with 22. 90% under the age of 18,7. 00% from 18 to 24,27. 00% from 25 to 44,25. 70% from 45 to 64. The median age was 40 years, for every 100 females there were 89.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.20 males, the median income for a household in the county was $37,395, and the median income for a family was $43,588. Males had an income of $29,736 versus $22,253 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,994, about 7. 70% of families and 11. 20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16. 80% of those under age 18 and 11. 80% of those age 65 or over. Penny Davis Essex is represented by Republican Ryan T. McDougle in the Virginia Senate, Republican M. Keith Hodges in the Virginia House of Delegates, rob Wittman in the U. S. House of Representatives. Essex County Public Schools is the schools system for Essex County, Virginia. Senator Paul S. Trible, Jr. was Commonwealths Attorney of Essex County, speaker of the United States House of Representatives and Confederate States Secretary of State. Grammy Award-nominated R&B singer Chris Brown was born and raised in this county, garnett- Confederate States of America general who was killed while leading his brigade during Picketts Charge. National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, Virginia Official website Essex County Museum
38.
Caroline County, Virginia
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Caroline County is a United States county located on the Eastern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The Northern boundary of the county borders on the Rappahannock River, the Caroline county seat is Bowling Green. Caroline County was established in 1728 and was named in honor of Caroline of Ansbach, wife of the then reigning King and it is the birthplace of the renowned racehorse Secretariat, winner of the 1973 Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes, the Triple Crown. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 28,545, Caroline is part of the Greater Richmond Region. Caroline County was established in the British Colony of Virginia in 1727 from Essex, King and Queen and it was named for Caroline of Ansbach, the wife of King George II of Great Britain, who had recently taken the British throne at the time. During the Colonial Period, Caroline County was the birthplace of Thoroughbred horse racing in North America, arabian horses were imported from England to provide the basis for American breeding stock. Patriot Edmund Pendleton played a role in the Virginia Resolution for Independence. Caroline native John Penn was a signer of the Declaration of Independence, both were born near what is now Ladysmith. He was to become prominent as a builder and developer, Confederate General, leader of Virginias short-lived Readjuster Party. The Chandler residence is now known as the Jackson Shrine, during Union General Ulysses S. Grants Overland Campaign, Confederate troops under General George E. Pickett fought Union troops near Milford. Just as the Civil War was concluding in April 1865, President Lincoln was assassinated in Washington, as the conspirators fled, a manhunt was launched. After 10 days, in the wee hours of April 26, federal troops tracked down John Wilkes Booth, Lincolns assassin, Booth was fatally shot during their capture by federal troops. Herold was returned to Washington, where he was executed by hanging with 3 co-conspirators on July 7,1865, in 1958, Richard and Mildred Loving challenged miscegenation laws in the state when they married. Although they married in Washington, DC, they returned to live in Caroline County, where they were arrested and charged under the states anti-miscegenation statute, the Racial Integrity Act of 1924. Their case went to the Supreme Court of the United States, at the southern edge of the county, The Meadow, a farm originally established in 1810, became a premier facility for breeding, raising and training Thoroughbred race horses. In 1972, Riva Ridge, raised at The Meadow, won the Kentucky Derby, the following year, Secretariat, born at The Meadow, won the famous Triple Crown for the Chenery familys Meadow Stable. In 2003, The State Fair of Virginia purchased Meadow Farm for development as a new site for the annual Virginia State Fair. Long held at locations in the capital of Richmond and Henrico County, the fair was increasingly squeezed out by expanding development around it, most recently, it was held at Strawberry Hill in central Henrico County, at the facility which became the Richmond International Raceway
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Spotsylvania County, Virginia
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Spotsylvania County is a county in the U. S. state of Virginia. As of the 2016 estimate, the population was 132,010 and its county seat is Spotsylvania Courthouse. Spotsylvania County is a part of Northern Virginia and the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area, at the time of European encounter, the inhabitants of the area that became Spotsylvania County were a Siouan-speaking tribe called the Manahoac. Spotsylvania County was established in 1721 from Essex, King and Queen, the county was named in Latin for Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Alexander Spotswood. Many battles were fought in this county during the Civil War, including the Battle of Chancellorsville, Battle of the Wilderness, Battle of Fredericksburg, stonewall Jackson was shot and mortally wounded in Spotsylvania County during the Battle of Chancellorsville. A group of Confederate soldiers from North Carolina were in the woods and they mistook him for a Federal patrol and fired their weapons, wounding him in both arms. General Jackson died a few days later from pneumonia at nearby Guinea Station, Confederate wounded were being gathered there for evacuation to hospitals further to the south and away from enemy lines. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 414 square miles. As of the census of 2010, there were 122,397 people,31,308 households, the population density was 226 people per square mile. There were 33,329 housing units at a density of 83 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was,78. 4% White 15. 8% Black or African American 0. 4% Native American 2. 4% Asian 0. 05% Pacific Islander 2. 8% from other races, and 1. 88% from two or more races. 7. 8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,16. 40% of all households were made up of individuals and 5. 40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the family size was 3.22. In the county, the population was out with 30. 00% under the age of 18,7. 30% from 18 to 24,32. 20% from 25 to 44,22. 20% from 45 to 64. The median age was 34 years, for every 100 females there were 97.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.00 males, the 2014 median income for a household in the county was $79,402, and the median income for a family was $87,922. Males had an income of $49,166 versus $38,076 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,567, about 3. 90% of families and 5. 80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6. 70% of those under age 18 and 5. 20% of those age 65 or over
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Stafford County, Virginia
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Stafford County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 128,961, located across the Rappahannock River from the City of Fredericksburg, Stafford County is part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2006, and again in 2009, Stafford was ranked as the 11th highest income county in America by Forbes magazine, for thousands of years, various cultures of indigenous peoples succeeded each other in their territories along the Potomac River and its tributaries. The former small tribe, still centered in Stafford County, was recognized by the state of Virginia in 2010, the Native Americans first recorded encounter with Europeans in this area was in 1608, with John Smith of the Jamestown Settlement. It occurred in the part of this county, from where they took her to a secondary English settlement. Alexander Whitaker converted Pocahontas to Christianity during her captivity and he renamed the princess Rebecca at her baptism. Rebecca married English colonist John Rolfe on April 5,1614 in Jamestown, the English colonial government of Virginia imposed its own order on the land and peoples. In 1664 it established Stafford County from territory previously part of Westmoreland County and it was named after Staffordshire, England. It is part of the now considered Northern Virginia. George Washington spent much of his childhood in the part of the county on his familys home, Ferry Farm. Colonial Forge High School was built on a tract of land owned in colonial times by his father Augustine Washington, George Mason, another Founding Father of the nation, also spent his formative years in Stafford. Aquia Church, built in 1757, is unusual among local structures for having been designed on the plan of a Greek cross rather than the more standard Roman Cross design, in addition, Aquia Church has a rare three-tiered pulpit, it has been designated a National Historic Landmark. The Episcopal church continues to be active today, Stafford County industry and resources were important to the colony and early nation. During the Revolutionary War, the Stafford ironworks furnished arms for the rebel soldiers. Aquia Creek sandstone, quarried from Government Island, was used to build the White House, during the American Civil War, the county was part of the battlegrounds, occupied by more than 100,000 troops for several years. The Battle of Aquia Creek took place in the Aquia Harbour area, both the Union Army and Confederate Army struggled to control the strategic Potomac Creek Bridge at various times during the war. Falmouth, a town bordering Fredericksburg, was the home of late-19th century artist Gari Melchers, whose house, Belmont, Stafford County today is considered part of the Washington, D. C. metropolitan area. Many residents commute to work in Washington and its environs north on Interstate Highway 95, U. S. Route 1, and Virginia Railway Express
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Fauquier County, Virginia
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Fauquier /fɔːˈkɪər/ is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 65,203, Fauquier County is in Northern Virginia and is a part of the Washington metropolitan area. The county is one of the fastest-growing and highest-income counties in the United States, in 1608, the first European to explore in the vicinity, Captain John Smith, reported that the Whonkentia inhabited the area. The Manahoac were forced out around 1670 by the Iroquois, who did not resettle the area, the Conoy camped briefly near The Plains, from 1697 to 1699. The Six Nations ceded the region including modern Fauquier to Virginia Colony at the Treaty of Albany. Fauquier County was established on May 1,1759, from Prince William County and it is named for Francis Fauquier, Lieutenant Governor of Virginia at the time, who won the land in a poker game, according to legend. Fauquier County celebrated its 250th anniversary in 2009 with year-long events, the festivities began with the African-American Historical Associations celebration of Black History Month in February. Birthday cakes were assembled and shared with the Fauquier Food Distribution Coalition, Historical site visits included some of the confederate battlefields, and many local churches hosted homecoming celebrations. Festivities concluded on December 31 with First Night Warrenton, an event with musical performances, puppet shows. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 651 square miles, the population density was 100.7 people per square mile. There were 25,930 housing units at a density of 45 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 87. 4% White,8. 2% Black or African American,0. 5% Native American,1. 5% Asian,0. 01% Pacific Islander,0. 09% from other races, and 2. 3% from two or more races. 6. 9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,18. 70% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the family size was 3.14. As of 2013, the population was out with 24. 2% under the age of 18,6. 40% from 18 to 24,30. 30% from 25 to 44,26. 00% from 45 to 64. The median age was 38 years, for every 100 females there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males, the median income for a household in the county is $93,762. The per capita income for the county was $39,600, about 3. 70% of families and 5. 60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4. 70% of those under age 18 and 8. 70% of those age 65 or over
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Clarke County, Virginia
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Clarke County is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 14,034, Clarke County is included in the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. White Post was named for the large signpost pointing the way to Lord Fairfaxs home, many of the early settlers of what became Clarke County were children of Tidewater planters, who settled on large land grants from Lord Fairfax. Two-thirds of the county was settled by the group. County status came in 1836 when it was divided off from Frederick County, Clarke was known for its large crops of wheat. During the American Civil War, John S. Mosby, the Gray Ghost of the Confederacy, raided General Sheridans supply train in the summer of 1864, in Berryville. The Battle of Cool Spring was fought in Clarke County on July 17 and 18th,1864, in 1881 was founded the Bank of Clarke County, still functional regional bank headquartered in Berryville. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 178 square miles. It is the third-smallest county in Virginia by total area, as of the census of 2000, there were 12,652 people,4,942 households, and 3,513 families residing in the county. The population density was 72 people per square mile, there were 5,388 housing units at an average density of 30 per square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 91. 15% White,6. 73% Black or African American,0. 19% Native American,0. 49% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,0. 55% from other races, and 0. 85% from two or more races. 1. 46% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race, by 200590. 1% of Clarke Countys population was non-Hispanic whites. 24. 10% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.97. In the county, the population was out with 23. 40% under the age of 18,5. 80% from 18 to 24,29. 10% from 25 to 44,27. 10% from 45 to 64. The median age was 41 years, for every 100 females there were 98.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.60 males, the median income for a household in the county was $51,601, and the median income for a family was $59,750. Males had an income of $40,254 versus $30,165 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,844, about 4. 20% of families and 6. 60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7. 10% of those under age 18 and 11. 10% of those age 65 or over
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Frederick County, Virginia
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Frederick County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 78,305, the county was formed in 1743 by the splitting of Orange County. Frederick County is included in the Winchester, VA-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area, the area that would become Frederick County, Virginia was inhabited and transited by various indigenous peoples for thousands of years before European colonization. The Indian Road refers to a pathway made by local tribes. Frederick County was established in 1743 from parts of Orange County, the Virginia Assembly named the new county for Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales, the eldest son of King George II of Great Britain. As Commander-in-Chief of the new Colonial Virginia regiment in 1754, Colonel George Washingtons headquarters were located in Winchester before and during the French and he resigned from military service in 1758, only to be appointed General by the Continental Congress sixteen years later. Meanwhile, Washington represented Frederick County in his first elective office, daniel Morgan was another famous General during the American Revolutionary War, from. Winchester changed hands between the Confederate and Union Armies on average every three weeks during the war. Many battles were fought in Frederick County, unlike those of neighboring Berkeley and Jefferson counties, Frederick County residents voted to remain in Virginia despite being occupied by the Union Army at the time. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 416 square miles. This is the northernmost county in the Commonwealth of Virginia, the population density was 143 people per square mile. There were 23,319 housing units at a density of 56/square mile. The racial makeup of the county was 94. 99% White,2. 62% Black or African American,0. 16% Native American,0. 66% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 56% from other races, and 1. 01% from two or more races. 1. 70% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race,19. 20% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the family size was 3.02. In the county, the population was out with 26. 40% under the age of 18,7. 00% from 18 to 24,31. 90% from 25 to 44,24. 10% from 45 to 64. The median age was 37 years, for every 100 females there were 100.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.70 males, the median income for a household in the county was $46,941, and the median income for a family was $52,281
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United States Numbered Highway System
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The United States Numbered Highway System is an integrated network of roads and highways numbered within a nationwide grid in the contiguous United States. The route numbers and locations are coordinated by the American Association of State Highway, the only federal involvement in AASHTO is a nonvoting seat for the United States Department of Transportation. Generally, north-to-south highways are odd-numbered, with lowest numbers in the east, the area of the thirteen states of the United States. Similarly, east-to-west highways are typically even-numbered, with the lowest numbers in the north, where roads were first improved most intensively, major north–south routes have numbers ending in 1 while major east–west routes have numbers ending in 0. Three-digit numbered highways are spur routes of parent highways but are not necessarily connected to their parents, some divided routes exist to provide two alignments for one route, even though many splits have been eliminated. Special routes, usually posted with a banner, can provide various routes, such as an alternate, bypass or business route, Routes were designated, auto trails designated by auto trail associations were the main means of marking roads through the United States. In 1925, the Joint Board on Interstate Highways, recommended by the American Association of State Highway Officials, after several meetings, a final report was approved by the U. S. Department of Agriculture in November 1925. They received complaints from across the country about the assignment of routes, so the Board made several modifications, as a result of compromises made to get the U. S. Highway System approved, many routes were divided, with alignments to serve different towns. In subsequent years, AASHTO called for such splits in U. S, expansion of the system continued until 1956, when the Interstate Highway System was formed. After construction was completed, many U. S, Routes were replaced by Interstate Highways for through traffic. Highways still form many important regional connections, and new routes are still being added, Routes do not have a minimum design standard, unlike the later Interstate Highways, and are not usually built to freeway standards. Many are designated using the streets of the cities and towns through which they run. New additions to the system, however, must substantially meet the current AASHTO design standards, as of 1989, the United States Numbered Highways system has a total length of 157,724 miles. Except for toll bridges and tunnels, very few U. S. AASHTO policy says that a road may only be included as a special route. U. S. Route 3 meets this obligation, in New Hampshire, but US Routes in the system do use parts of four toll roads, US51 uses part of the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway in Illinois, the old road is Illinois Route 251. US278 uses the tolled Cross Island Parkway in South Carolina, US412 uses the Cimarron Turnpike in Oklahoma, the old road is US64. US412 also uses the Cherokee Turnpike in Oklahoma, the old road is Alternate US412, Routes follow a simple grid in the contiguous United States, in which odd-numbered routes run generally north to south and even-numbered routes run generally east to west
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History of state highways in Virginia
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The History of State Highways in Virginia begins with Virginias State Highway Commission, which was formed by the General Assembly in 1906. In 1918 the General Assembly designated a 4002-mile state highway system to be maintained by the Commission, beginning in 1922, the Commission was authorized to add annually mileage equal to 2. 5% of the original system. These highways were numbered from 1 into the 20s, by 1922 suffixed spurs had been added, in 1923, the first renumbering was implemented, in which State Routes 1 to 9 became 31 to 39. The spurs were renamed to use rather than letters. The United States Numbered Highways were designated in late 1926, in 1928, the state routes were renumbered again, all the spurs were instead numbered by district, using the district number as the first digit. State routes that were also U. S, Routes had signage removed, but continued to be referred to by the Department of Highways. In 1932, the Byrd Road Act promoted by former Governor Harry F. Byrd, Virginias incorporated towns were provided a local option to participate, and all the counties in Virginia were given the option of turning this responsibility over to the state. However, Virginias independent cities were excluded, typical of the Byrd Organization and its leaders rural priorities, only four counties of more than 90 initially opted not to join the system. Generally, when an area part of an independent city, through annexation, merger, consolidation, or conversions. Under that special arrangement, VDOT maintained secondary routes in Suffolk until July 1,2006, the DoT took over road maintenance from most counties in 1932, forming the state secondary system. These routes were assigned numbers from 600 up, so the routes were renumbered again in 1933. State routes with numbers that conflicted with U. S, Routes were renumbered, and the unsigned concurrencies were dropped. State Route 35 is largely the same as the original SR5, renumbered in 1923
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Virginia State Route 16
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State Route 16 is a primary state highway in the southwest part of the U. S. state of Virginia. It runs from the North Carolina border at North Carolina Highway 16 north to the West Virginia border at West Virginia Route 16, passing through the towns of Troutdale, Marion, and Tazewell. SR16 begins at the North Carolina state line near the community of Grassy Creek, SR16 heads in a general east-northeasterly direction alongside minor creeks until it reaches Wilson Creek. It crosses that creek and heads east alongside it to the junction with U. S. Route 58 at Mouth of Wilson, SR16 and US58 overlap northwest from Mouth of Wilson next to a minor creek and then next to Wilson Creek, this time heading upstream. Soon after crossing the divide, State Route 650, once the alignment of U. S. Route 58, splits off to the west, while SR16 heads northeast and downhill to Sugar Grove. After a flat area near Sugar Grove, SR16 again heads uphill, north and northwest across Brushy Mountain and it then runs northwest, following Staley Creek downhill past Attoway and Furnace Hill and through several gaps into Marion. Between Sugar Grove and Trout Dale SR16 share a concurrency with US Bicycle Route 76. SR16 enters the town of Marion on Commerce Street, meeting Interstate 81, at Main Street, SR16 turns northeast, overlapping US11 out of downtown to Park Boulevard. There it turns northwest to the city limits, the road again heads uphill, passing the west shore of Hungry Mother Lake and the entrance to Hungry Mother State Park. SR16 crosses Walker Mountain in a route, coming down into the Rich Valley and crossing the North Fork Holston River at Chatham Hill. Again SR16 heads uphill, climbing Brushy Mountain to the county line, another twisty descent takes SR16 down Brushy Mountain into the Freestone Valley, but almost immediately it must rise again to cross Clinch Mountain. This time, a hairpin turn takes it into the wide Thompson Valley. A gap between Knob Mountain and Rich Mountain leads to U. S. Route 19/460 Business at Frog Level, SR16 turns northeast along US 19/460 Business into Tazewell, meeting the State Route 16 Alternate shortcut along the way. The overlapped routes pass through downtown Tazewell on Main Street and Fincastle Turnpike and it crosses the U. S. Route 19/U. S. Route 460 bypass of Tazewell on its way to the west end of State Route 61 at North Tazewell, still inside the town of Tazewell. SR16 turns west where it meets SR61, paralleling the Clinch River to the end of SR16 Alternate at River Jack. There it turns north and leaves Tazewell, SR16 begins to rise again, passing Adria on its way to the community of Stony Ridge at the top of the Stony Ridge, crossing the Tennessee Valley Divide again there. The road then descends the ridge te the northwest, crossing into West Virginia, part of this, from Mouth of Wilson to Volney, still carries US58
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Virginia State Route 18
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State Route 18 is a primary state highway in the U. S. state of Virginia. Known for most of its length as Potts Creek Road, the highway runs 25.86 miles from SR311 in Paint Bank north to U. S. Route 60. SR18 begins at an intersection with SR311 in the community of Paint Bank in Craig County, the state highway heads northeast as Potts Creek Road through the valley of Potts Creek, which was formerly known as Carpenter Creek. The Potts Creek valley is bookeneded by Potts Mountain to the east and Peters Mountain to the west, SR18 enters Alleghany County and passes through the hamlets of Potts Creek, Jordan Mines, and Boiling Spring. At the state highways crossing of Potts Creek just south of its confluence with the Jackson River. At its intersection with Pitzer Ridge Road at the site of Fort Carpenter, SR18 becomes Carpenter Drive. The state highway crosses over CSXs Alleghany Subdivision, SR18 parallels the railroad tracks north under Interstate 64 to its northern terminus at Madison Street, which carries US60 and US220, south of downtown Covington
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Virginia Byway
US 17 in Chesapeake
I-81 / US 522 near Winchester
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SR 165 (Moses Grandy Trail / Cedar Road) – Tidewater Community College Chesapeake Campus, Chesapeake Civic Center
SR 166 north (Bainbridge Boulevard)
SR 168 south – Nags Head, Manteo, Great Bridge, Outer Banks
I-464 north / I-64 / SR 168 north to US 13 – Norfolk, Portsmouth, Virginia Beach, Norfolk Airport
I-64 / US 17 Bus. south (George Washington Highway) to I-664 north – Suffolk, Richmond, Hampton, Deep Creek
US 13 / US 460 (South Military Highway) – Suffolk, Virginia Beach, Norfolk
SR 196 east (Canal Drive)
SR 239 (Victory Boulevard)
SR 141 north (George Washington Highway)
SR 337 (Portsmouth Boulevard)
I-264 (US 460 Alt.)
US 58 (Airline Boulevard) – Portsmouth Marine Terminal truck route
US 258 south (Brewers Neck Boulevard) / SR 32 south – Smithfield, Suffolk, Smithfield Historic District, St. Luke's Church
US 60 (Warwick Boulevard) – Fort Eustis, Downtown Newport News
SR 152 (Main Street) – Thomas Nelson Community College
SR 143 west (Jefferson Avenue) / SR 312 west (J. Clyde Morris Boulevard) – NN Williamsburg International Airport
SR 134 south – Langley AFB, Hampton
SR 173 (Denbigh Boulevard / Goodwin Neck Road) – NN/Williamsburg Airport, Seaford
SR 238 (Goosley Road) – Naval Weapons Station, Yorktown, Coast Guard Training Center
SR 216 east (Guinea Road) / SR 1219 west (Hook Road) – Hayes Store, Achilles
US 17 Bus. north / SR 1075 (Main Street) to SR 3 west / SR 14 east – Gloucester CH, Mathews, Gloucester Historic District
US 17 Bus. south / SR 14 east (Main Street) / SR 619 (Fiddlers Green Road) – Gloucester CH, Mathews, Gloucester Historic District, Beaverdam Park Main Entrance
SR 606 (Ark Road) – Allmonds Wharf, Sassafras
SR 33 west (Lewis Puller Highway) / SR 198 east (Glenns Road) – West Point, Mathews
SR 602 (Old Virginia Street) to SR 227 – Remlik, Urbanna
SR 640 (Waterview Road) – Samos, Water View
SR 684 (Howerton Road / Bowlers Road) – Dunbrooke, Bowlers Wharf
US 360 west (Richmond Highway) – Richmond, Tappahannock-Essex County Airport
US 360 east / SR 1014 (Queen Street) – Warsaw, Rappahannock Community College Warsaw Campus
SR 657 (Marsh Street)
US 301 (A.P. Hill Boulevard) – Richmond, Baltimore, Fort A.P. Hill, George Washington Birthplace National Monument
US 17 Bus. north / SR 2 (Sandy Lane Drive / Tidewater Trail) – Bowling Green, Fredericksburg, Fort A.P. Hill
US 1 south (Jefferson Davis Highway) – Ashland, Richmond, Massaponax, Spotsylvania
SR 634 (Courtneys Corner Road) / SR 806 (Elk Run Road)
SR 28 (Catlett Road) – Remington, Manassas, Warrenton-Fauquier Airport
US 15 south / US 29 south (James Madison Highway) / SR 687 (Opal Road) – Culpeper, Charlottesville
US 15 Bus. north / US 17 Bus. north / US 29 Bus. north / SR 880 (Lord Fairfax Road) – Warrenton, Lord Fairfax Community College Fauquier Campus
SR 643 (Meetze Road / Lee Street) – Warrenton
US 15 north / US 29 north / US 15 Bus. south / US 29 Bus. south to US 211 west – Leesburg, Washington, Warrenton, Luray
SR 245 north (Old Tavern Road) / SR 703 (Enon Church Road) – The Plains
SR 55 east / SR 647 (US 17 Bus. south) – Marshall
SR 255 north (Bishop Meade Road) / SR 624 (Red Gate Road) – Millwood
US 340 (Lord Fairfax Highway) – White Post, Front Royal, Berryville, Shenandoah National Park, Skyline Drive