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Umma–Lagash war
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The Lagash–Umma border conflict is the earliest well-documented case of a war between states. It took place in Sumer during the Early Dynastic III period, a period characterized by the division of the
The Stele of the Vultures, which documents key parts of the war.
The Stele of the Vultures, which documents key parts of the war.
Fragment of the Stele of Vultures showing Ninĝirsu, the chief god of the state of Lagash, with captive Ummaites.
Fragment of the Stele of Vultures showing Ninĝirsu, the chief god of the state of Lagash, with captive Ummaites.
Votive mace-head of Mesilim, king of Kish, to the god Ninĝirsu.
Votive mace-head of Mesilim, king of Kish, to the god Ninĝirsu.
Eannatum, ruler of Lagash, detail of the Stele of Vultures.
Eannatum, ruler of Lagash, detail of the Stele of Vultures.
Gu-Edin
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Gu-Edin was a fertile plain in Sumer, in modern-day Iraq. It lay between Umma and Lagash, and claims made on it by each side were a cause of the Umma-Lagash war. Argument over the territory continued
Umma–Lagash war
…and the competition between neighbouring polities for fertile land and water. The conflict centered on a contested strip of agricultural land, the Gu'edena ("The Edge of the Plains"). Since most textual sources about this conflict come from Lagash, that bias makes it difficult to determine the ultimate…
Location of Gu-Edin, between Umma and Lagash in Sumer.
Location of Gu-Edin, between Umma and Lagash in Sumer.
The Cone of Enmetena mentions the mediation of Mesilim and the subsequent conflict: 𒈨𒁲 𒈗𒆧𒆠𒆤 𒅗 𒀭𒅗𒁲𒈾𒋫 𒂠 𒃷 𒁉𒊏 𒆠𒁀 𒈾 𒉈𒆕 me-silim lugal kiški-ke4 inim dišta
The Cone of Enmetena mentions the mediation of Mesilim and the subsequent conflict: 𒈨𒁲 𒈗𒆧𒆠𒆤 𒅗 𒀭𒅗𒁲𒈾𒋫 𒂠 𒃷 𒁉𒊏 𒆠𒁀 𒈾 𒉈𒆕 me-silim lugal kiški-ke4 inim dištaran-na-ta eš2 gana2 be2-ra ki-ba na bi2-ru2 "Mesilim, king of Kiš, at the command of Ištaran, measured the field and set up a stele there."
Lamentation about the fall of Lagash to Lugalzagesi, Urukagina period, circa 2350 BCE Tello, ancient Girsu.
Lamentation about the fall of Lagash to Lugalzagesi, Urukagina period, circa 2350 BCE Tello, ancient Girsu.