1.
United States Department of State
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The Department was created in 1789 and was the first executive department established. The Department is headquartered in the Harry S Truman Building located at 2201 C Street, NW, the Department operates the diplomatic missions of the United States abroad and is responsible for implementing the foreign policy of the United States and U. S. diplomacy efforts. The Department is also the depositary for more than 200 multilateral treaties, the Department is led by the Secretary of State, who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate and is a member of the Cabinet. The current Secretary of State is Rex Tillerson, beginning 1 February 2017, the Secretary of State is the first Cabinet official in the order of precedence and in the presidential line of succession, after the President pro tempore of the Senate. This legislation remains the law of the Department of State. In September 1789, additional legislation changed the name of the agency to the Department of State and these responsibilities grew to include management of the United States Mint, keeper of the Great Seal of the United States, and the taking of the census. President George Washington signed the new legislation on September 15, most of these domestic duties of the Department of State were eventually turned over to various new Federal departments and agencies that were established during the 19th century. On September 29,1789, President Washington appointed Thomas Jefferson of Virginia, then Minister to France, from 1790 to 1800, the State Department had its headquarters in Philadelphia, the capital of the United States at the time. It occupied a building at Church and Fifth Streets, in 1800, it moved from Philadelphia to Washington, D. C. where it first occupied the Treasury Building and then the Seven Buildings at 19th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. It moved into the Six Buildings in September 1800, where it remained until May 1801 and it moved into the War Office Building due west of the White House in May 1801. It occupied the Treasury Building from September 1819 to November 1866 and it then occupied the Washington City Orphan Home from November 1866 to July 1875. It moved to the State, War, and Navy Building in 1875, since May 1947, it has occupied the Harry S. Truman Building in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington, the State Department is therefore sometimes metonymically referred to as Foggy Bottom. Madeleine Albright became the first woman to become the United States Secretary of State, condoleezza Rice became the second female secretary of state in 2005. Hillary Rodham Clinton became the female secretary of state when she was appointed in 2009. In 2014, the State Department began expanding into the Navy Hill Complex across 23rd Street NW from the Truman Building, the Executive Branch and the U. S. Congress have constitutional responsibilities for U. S. foreign policy. Within the Executive Branch, the Department of State is the lead U. S, the Department advances U. S. objectives and interests in the world through its primary role in developing and implementing the Presidents foreign policy. It also provides an array of important services to U. S. citizens, the total Department of State budget, together with Other International Programs, costs about 45 cents a day for each resident of the United States. Keeping the public informed about U. S. foreign policy and relations with other countries, providing automobile registration for non-diplomatic staff vehicles and the vehicles of diplomats of foreign countries having diplomatic immunity in the United States
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Under Secretary for Political Affairs
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The Under Secretary for Political Affairs is the fourth ranking position in the United States Department of State, after the Secretary and the two Deputy Secretaries. The current Under Secretary is Thomas A. Shannon, Jr. who assumed office on February 12,2016, the Under Secretary is advised by Assistant Secretaries of the geographic bureaus, who guide U. S. diplomatic missions within their regional jurisdiction. The political bureaus were first overseen in 1949 by a Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs. S, after August 1959, the Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs served as a focal point for interdepartmental relations, especially those dealing with politico-military issues
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Counselor of the United States Department of State
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The Counselor conducts special international negotiations and consultations, and also undertakes special assignments from time to time, as directed by the Secretary. Currently, the Counselor holds under law a rank equivalent to that of Under Secretary of State, the Secretary of State created the position of Counselor for the Department of State in 1909 as part of a general Department reorganization. In 1912, the became a Presidential appointment. Between 1913 and 1919, the Counselor served as the Departments second-ranking officer, in 1919, the newly created position of Under Secretary of State subsumed the duties of the Counselor. An Act of Congress, May 18,1937, re-established the position of Counselor of the Department of State, between 1961 and 1965, the Counselor also served as the Chairman of the Policy Planning Council. On April 30,1994, the title was changed to Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs when Counselor Timothy E. Wirth was appointed to that position, but another Counselor was appointed in 1997. The most recent Counselor was Ambassador Kristie A. Kenney, who served from February 12,2016 to February 17,2017
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United States Deputy Secretary of State
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The Deputy Secretary of State of the United States is the principal deputy to the Secretary of State. If the Secretary of State resigns or dies, the Deputy Secretary of State becomes Acting Secretary of State until the President nominates, the position was created in 1972. Prior to July 13,1972, the Under Secretary of State had been the ranking officer of the Department of State. The position is vacant, pending a nomination by Donald Trump. Under Secretary for Political Affairs Thomas A. Shannon, Jr. currently serves as the acting Deputy Secretary, the State Department is the only federal Cabinet-level agency with two co-equal Deputy Secretaries
5.
United States Secretary of State
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Secretary of State is a Level I position in the Executive Schedule and thus earns the salary prescribed for that level. The current Secretary of State is former ExxonMobil CEO Rex Tillerson and those that remain include storage and use of the Great Seal of the United States, performance of protocol functions for the White House, and the drafting of certain proclamations. The Secretary also negotiates with the individual States over the extradition of fugitives to foreign countries, under Federal Law, the resignation of a President or of a Vice President is only valid if declared in writing, in an instrument delivered to the office of the Secretary of State. Accordingly, the resignations of President Nixon and of Vice-President Spiro Agnew, domestic issues, were formalized in instruments delivered to the Secretary of State, six Secretaries of State have gone on to be elected President. Former Secretaries of State retain the right to add the title Secretary to their surnames, as the head of the United States Foreign Service, the Secretary of State is responsible for management of the diplomatic service of the United States. The foreign service employs about 12,000 people domestically and internationally, the U. S. Secretary of State has the power to remove any foreign diplomat from U. S. soil for any reason. The nature of the means that Secretaries of State engage in travel around the world. The record for most countries visited in a secretarys tenure is 112, second is Madeleine Albright with 96. The record for most air miles traveled in a secretarys tenure is 1.380 million miles, second is Condoleezza Rices 1.059 million miles and third is Clintons 956,733 miles. S
6.
Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
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The Under Secretary for Political Affairs is the fourth ranking position in the United States Department of State, after the Secretary and the two Deputy Secretaries. The current Under Secretary is Thomas A. Shannon, Jr. who assumed office on February 12,2016, the Under Secretary is advised by Assistant Secretaries of the geographic bureaus, who guide U. S. diplomatic missions within their regional jurisdiction. The political bureaus were first overseen in 1949 by a Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs. S, after August 1959, the Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs served as a focal point for interdepartmental relations, especially those dealing with politico-military issues
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Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs
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The Assistant Secretary position is currently vacant pending nomination by President Donald Trumps Administration. Easum, David D. Newsom, Joseph Palmer II, G. Mennen Williams, at first, when the Department of State established three geographical divisions in 1909, African affairs were the responsibility of the Divisions of Near Eastern and Western European Affairs. Department Order No.692 of June 15,1937 transferred responsibility for all African territories except Algeria, a Division of African Affairs was created in the office of Near Eastern Affairs in January 1944. When the Bureau of Near Eastern, South Asian, and African Affairs was created, there continued to be a Division of African Affairs within that bureau
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Chief of Protocol of the United States
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The Chief of Protocol holds the rank of Ambassador and Assistant Secretary of State. The chief arranges itineraries for foreign dignitaries visiting the U. S. former child star Shirley Temple Black served as Chief of Protocol under President Gerald Ford. The Chief of Protocol duties include being present at the annual State of the Union Speech given by the President each January before Congress and these SOTU duties include escorting the Dean of the Diplomatic Corps into the House Chamber for the SOTU speech. The Chief of Protocol position should not be confused with the distinctly different White House Social Secretary position
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Executive Secretary of the Department of State
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The Executive Secretary of the United States Department of State is the Director of the Executive Secretariat. The position holds an equivalent to an Assistant Secretary. Each Executive Secretary is appointed by the Secretary of State, the Executive Secretary also manages relations between the State Department and the White House, the National Security Council, and other cabinet-level agencies. Executive Secretariat on the State Departments website
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Legal Adviser of the Department of State
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The Legal Adviser of the Department of State is a position within the United States Department of State. It was created by an Act of Congress on February 23,1931, the Legal Adviser replaced the Solicitor, a Department of Justice employee who had functioned as the Department of States chief legal officer since 1891. Between 1870 and 1891, the Examiner of Claims had been the legal officer of the Department. The Legal Adviser provides legal advice on all problems arising in the course of the Departments activities, solicitors and Examiners of Claims were by statute officials of the Department of Justice. The first Legal Adviser was Green Hackworth, who served until 1946, the Legal Adviser heads the United States Department of State Office of the Legal Adviser. As such, the Legal Adviser has the rank of Assistant Secretary
11.
Director General of the Foreign Service
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The Director General of the Foreign Service is the designated manager of the United States Foreign Service. The Director General is traditionally a current or former Foreign Service Officer, appointed by the President, with the advice, since November 23,1975, under a Departmental administrative action, the Director General has concurrently held the title of Director of the Bureau of Human Resources. As the head of the human resources bureau, the Director General holds an equivalent to an Assistant Secretary of State. The current Director General is Arnold A. Chacón, who was sworn in on December 22,2014, congress created the position of Director General of the Foreign Service through the Foreign Service Act of 1946. Between 1946 and 1980, the Secretary of State designated the Director General, the Foreign Service Act of 1980 made the position a Presidential appointee
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United States Global AIDS Coordinator
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The Global AIDS Coordinator at the United States Department of State is the official responsible for overseeing U. S. -sponsored humanitarian aid programs to combat the AIDS epidemic around the world. The Global AIDS Coordinator has the rank of ambassador-at-large and Assistant Secretary, the current Global AIDS Coordinator is Ambassador Deborah L. Birx. The mission of the Office of the U. S, initiated in 2003, PEPFAR has been reauthorized three times. What began as a response has since developed into one of the largest international health initiatives. OGAC is also one of the few offices at the State Department that reports directly to the Secretary of State, randall L. Tobias Mark R. Dybul Eric Goosby Deborah L. Birx Official website
13.
John A. Heffern
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John A. Heffern was the United States Ambassador to Armenia from 2011 to 2014. After being nominated in May 18,2011 by United States President Barack Obama, Heffern was confirmed by the U. S. Senate on September 26,2011 and he was replaced by Ambassador Richard M. Mills, Jr. in early 2015. Heffern was born in Saint Louis, Missouri, the son of Elleard Buridan Heffern and his father served briefly in the Foreign Service, and met his wife in India. Heffern’s mother is a naturalized citizen, after graduating from the Saint Louis Priory School, Heffern attended Michigan State University, receiving his B. A. in 1976. After college, Heffern served in the office of Senator John C. Danforth as the Senators Office Director and he joined the Foreign Service in 1982 and has been a career Senior Foreign Service officer ever since. His early postings included in China, Taiwan, and Ivory Coast and he was later assigned to Kuala Lumpur, and then held postings in Washington, among them as Malaysia Desk Officer, related to Southeast Asia. He later From 1994 to 1996, he served as a Pearson Fellow on the Asia Subcommittee for the House International Relations Committee and he subsequently served as Deputy Political Counselor at the U. S. Mission to NATO as the Deputy Permanent Representative, most recently, he has served as Deputy Chief of Mission at USNATO, in Brussels, Belgium. Senator Robert Menendez held up Hefferns nomination as a protest against President Barack Obamas refusal to characterize the Turkish killing of Armenians during World War I as a genocide. Since assuming his post, Heffern has followed his predecessor by posting video blogs on topics related to Armenia and his service in country to YouTube
14.
Stuart E. Jones
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Stuart E. Jones is an American diplomat. He previously served as the United States Ambassador to Iraq from 2014 to 2016, stuart E. Jones graduated from Duke University and received a J. D. from the University of Pennsylvania Law School. He joined the United States Foreign Service as a career diplomat and he served as Governorate Coordinator in Al Anbar Province in Iraq, and at the National Security Council as Country Director for Iraq. From 1994 to 1996, he was assistant to the U. S. Permanent Representative to the United Nations and he has also served in Turkey, El Salvador and Colombia. From 2005 to 2008, he served as Deputy Chief of Mission at the American Embassy in Cairo, from 2008 to 2010, he served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State at the State Department’s Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs. He also served as Deputy Chief of Mission at the American Embassy in Baghdad, on July 21,2011, he was appointed United States Ambassador to Jordan. On May 8,2014, President Obama nominated Jones to be the United States Ambassador to Iraq, on June 26,2014, the U. S. Senate confirmed Jones in a 93-0 vote. He was sworn in by United States Secretary of State John Kerry on September 17,2014
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