1.
Derby College
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Derby College is a further education centre with sites located within Derbyshire, England and the surrounding area. The college is a member of the Collab Group of high-performing further-education institutions, because of Derby Colleges central location and transport links it draws students from across the region. Derby College of Higher Education split from Derby College of Further Education during the 1960s, Derby FE was primarily targeted at part-time students from engineering companies such as Rolls Royce and British Rail. This provision continued through to the 1980s until a major restructuring of industry, the FE colleges then took on different types of students and evolved into new areas. In 1989 Derbyshire County Council was responsible for education, and formed two colleges, Wilmorton and Mackworth to serve different parts of the city and this was opened on the site of the former Parkfield Cedars Grammar School, which moved there in 1969. It became a school, then became Mackworth College in 1989. In 1997 there were plans to merge with the University of Derby, high Peak College, part of the original merger proposal, in Buxton, merged nonetheless becoming the Devonshire Campus in 1998. The building has a 1969 glass-tile mural by the artist Alan Boyson and this was situated at the current junction of the Wilmorton Link and London Road on the A6. This was some distance from the town centre, is situated in the ground of Broomfield Hall. Built in 1873, it was originally the home of Charles Schwind. The former students of Broomfield Hall alumni association is called – Broomfield Old Students Association, is situated in Ilkeston in Derbyshire and began as Ilkeston College of Further Education on 14 September 1953. The official opening took place on 25 June 1954, the college became South East Derbyshire College of Further Education in 1966. When it opened, in 1974, a site in Heanor on the former Heanor Grammar School was an annex of the main college, Heanor Grammar School closed in 1976, it had around 550 boys and girls. Geoffrey Stone was the headmaster for twenty years and became Principal, in 2010 Derby College in Ilkeston was formed between the merges of three campuses of the college that where situated in Ilkeston and Heanor. The former Field Road and Cavendish Road campus were both auctioned off in 2013 and newly built campus was opened in 2014 on the grounds of the Old Magistrates Court in Ilkeston, in 2015 Derby College scrapped plans to turn the remaining Heanor campus into a new education facility. Derby College was established as an institution in 2002 by merging three further education colleges, Mackworth Tertiary College, Wilmorton Tertiary College and Broomfield Agricultural College. The Roundhouse redevelopment is the Colleges flagship site with a focus on vocational qualifications, a merger between South East Derbyshire College and Derby College was approved on 2 February 2010. The college offers a variety of courses at various levels of education
2.
Public university
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A public university is a university that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government, as opposed to private universities. Whether a national university is considered public varies from one country to another, in Egypt, Al-Azhar University opened in 975 AD as the second oldest university in the world. In Nigeria Public Universities can be established by both the Federal Government and by State Governments, students are enrolled after completing the 8-4-4 system of education and attaining a mark of C+ or above. They are also eligible for a low interest loan from the Higher Education Loan Board and they are expected to pay back the loan after completing higher education. South Africa has 23 public tertiary institutions, either categorised as a traditional university or a comprehensive university. Almost entire national universities in Brunei are public universities and these are major universities in Brunei, University of Brunei Darussalam Brunei Technological University Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University There are 40 public universities in Bangladesh. The University Grant Commission is the body for all the public universities in Bangladesh. The universities do not deal directly with the government, but with the University Grants Commission, recently many private universities are established under the Private University Act of 1992. In mainland China, nearly all universities and research institutions are public and currently, the public universities are usually run by the provincial governments, there are also circumstances where the municipal governments administer the universities. Some public universities are national, which are administered by the central government. Private undergraduate colleges do exist, which are vocational colleges sponsored by private enterprises. The majority of universities are not entitled to award bachelors degrees. Public universities usually enjoy higher reputation domestically, eight institutions are funded by the University Grants Committee. The Academy for Performing Arts also receives funding from the government, the Open University of Hong Kong is also a public university, but it is largely self-financed. The Shue Yan University is the private institution with the status of a university. There are public and private institutes in Indonesia. The government provide public universities, institutes, high schools and academies in each province, the private educational institution usually provided by religious organizations, public organizations, and some big companies. In India, most universities and nearly all research institutions are public, There are some private undergraduate colleges, mostly engineering schools, but a majority of these are affiliated to public universities
3.
Universities in the United Kingdom
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Universities in the United Kingdom have generally been instituted by Royal Charter, Papal Bull, Act of Parliament or an instrument of government under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. For new public universities, approval is required from the Privy Council, the exact criteria for University title vary between the four countries of the United Kingdom. These include a number of institutions that feature regularly in the tables of the worlds top universities, such as UCL. The central co-ordinating bodies for universities in the United Kingdom is Universities UK, Universities in Britain date back to the dawn of mediaeval studium generale, with Oxford and Cambridge taking their place among the worlds oldest universities. No other universities were founded in England during this period, opposition from Oxford and Cambridge blocked attempts to establish universities in Northampton. Medical schools in London, though not a university in its own right, were among the first to provide medical teachings in England, in Scotland, St Andrews, Glasgow and Kings College, Aberdeen were founded by Papal Bull. Post-Reformation, these were joined by Edinburgh, Marischal College, Aberdeen, gresham College was, however, established in London in the late 16th century, despite concerns expressed by Cambridge. In Ireland, Trinity College Dublin was founded as the mother of a University by a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth, the 18th century saw the establishment of medical schools at Edinburgh and Glasgow universities and at hospitals in London. A number of dissenting academies were also established, but the next attempt to found a university did not come until the Andersonian Institute was established in Glasgow in 1798. The French Revolution and the ensuing Napoleonic wars led to over 40% of universities in Europe closing, from 153 universities in 1789, numbers fell to only 83 in 1815. The next quarter century saw a rebound, with 15 new universities founded, by then, the higher education revolution was well under way. This would, however, have required government support, the opinion of Robert Peel – cabinet minister and MP for Oxford University – was sought, and he advised against proceeding. This period also saw the establishment of Mechanics Institutes in a number of cities, many others would eventually become polytechnics and then, in 1992, universities. Very soon after news of the York scheme broke, Thomas Campbell wrote to The Times proposing a university be founded in London and this would become UCL, founded in 1826 as a joint stock company under the name of London University. This became Kings College London, granted a charter in 1829 –. Neither of the Colleges was residential – a break from the two ancient English universities, although non-residential universities were the norm in Scotland, Cambridge voted to petition the King not to allow the awarding of degrees with the same name as theirs or Oxfords. Then, later in 1831, a plan was announced to found a university in Durham, greys government supported the bill to establish the university, despite it limiting its degrees to Anglicans. Thus the University of Durham was established by Act of Parliament in 1832, in 1836 it pioneered the system of external examiners for its final degree examinations, bringing in Oxford academics to ensure the same standards
4.
Peregrine Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire
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Peregrine Andrew Morny Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire KCVO CBE DL is a British peer. He is the surviving son of Andrew Cavendish, 11th Duke of Devonshire and his wife. He succeeded to the following the death of his father on 3 May 2004. Prior to this succession, he was styled Marquess of Hartington, the duke is worth an estimated £800 million. He attended Eton College and Exeter College, Oxford, where he read History, the duke is well known in the world of horse racing and served as Her Majestys Representative at Ascot and chairman of Ascot Racecourse Ltd. In 1980 he was elected to the Jockey Club and in 1989 he was appointed its Senior Steward and he was appointed first chairman of the board in June 1993 and retired at the end of his term in 1996. He was appointed a Trustee of the Wallace Collection in 2007 and he is a trustee of Sheffield Galleries and Museums Trust. He is Chairman of the Devonshire Arms Hotel Group, a chain of hotels in North Yorkshire and Derbyshire. He collects modern British and contemporary painting and sculpture, as well as works in other areas, the Duke and Duchess and the house and estate grounds were featured in the BBC documentary series Chatsworth. In December 2012, he sold Auxiliary cartoon for the Head of a Young Apostle by Raphael for £29. 7m at a Sothebys auction, as of 2016 he is the owner of Heywood Hill, a notable bookstore in London. He took up the position as the third Chancellor of the University of Derby at a ceremony on 28 October 2008 in Buxton. The range of Cavendish Pianos were named after the name of the Duke to recognise his support which was critical to the establishment of the new firm. On 28 June 1967 the future Duke married Amanda Carmen Heywood-Lonsdale, daughter of Commander Edward Gavin Heywood-Lonsdale and they have three children and eight grandchildren, William Cavendish, Earl of Burlington, married Laura Roundell on 31 March 2007. They have four children, Jake Carter Alfie Carter Ned Carter Willa Carter Lady Jasmine Nancy Cavendish and this mirrored the view of his mother, who had said titles are meaningless because peers are no longer legislators. This was dismissed as nonsense by Lord Ferrers, who disagreed with the Dukes claims that the aristocracy was dead. It is not known how serious he was in his intention,27 April 1944 –10 September 1944, Peregrine Cavendish, Esq
5.
Higher education
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Higher education, post-secondary education, or third level education is an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after completion of secondary education. Tertiary education at non-degree level is referred to as further education or continuing education as distinct from higher education. The right of access to education is mentioned in a number of international human rights instruments. In Europe, Article 2 of the First Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights, adopted in 1950, in the days when few pupils progressed beyond primary education, the term higher education was often used to refer to secondary education, which can create some confusion. Higher education includes teaching, research, exacting applied work, within the realm of teaching, it includes both the undergraduate level, and beyond that, graduate-level. The latter level of education is referred to as graduate school. Higher education is important to national economies, both as an industry, in its own right, and as a source of trained and educated personnel for the rest of the economy. College educated workers have commanded a measurable wage premium and are less likely to become unemployed than less educated workers. However, the admission of so many students of average ability to higher education inevitably requires a decline in academic standards. There is some question as to whether advanced mathematical skills or talent are in fact necessary for such as history, English, philosophy. In contrast, the higher education and training that takes place at vocational universities and schools usually concentrates on practical applications. Requirements for admission to such high-level graduate programs is extremely competitive, in the United States, there are large differences in wages and employment associated with different degrees. Medical doctors and lawyers are generally the highest paid workers, and have among the lowest unemployment rates and it may encompass using insights to conceive, model and scale an appropriate solution to a problem or objective. Engineering disciplines include, aerospace, biological, civil, chemical, computer, electrical, industrial, examples are painting, sculpture, and drawing, etc. Higher educational institutions in these arts include Film schools and Art schools, Higher vocational education and training takes place at the non-university tertiary level. Such education combines teaching of practical skills and theoretical expertise. Higher education differs from other forms of education such as that offered by institutions of vocational education. Higher vocational education might be contrasted with education in a broader scientific field
6.
Postgraduate education
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In North America, this level is generally referred to as graduate school. The organization and structure of education varies in different countries. This article outlines the types of courses and of teaching and examination methods. There are two types of degrees studied for at the postgraduate level, academic and vocational degrees. The term degree in this means the moving from one stage or level to another. University studies took six years for a degree and up to twelve additional years for a masters degree or doctorate. The first six years taught the faculty of the arts, which was the study of the seven liberal arts, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music theory, grammar, logic, the main emphasis was on logic. Once a Bachelor of Arts degree had been obtained, the student could choose one of three faculties—law, medicine, or theology—in which to pursue masters or doctors degrees. Because theology was thought to be the highest of the subjects, the main significance of the higher, postgraduate degrees was that they licensed the holder to teach. In most countries, the hierarchy of postgraduate degrees is as follows, in Scottish Universities, the Master of Philosophy degree tends to be by research or higher masters degree and the Master of Letters degree tends to be the taught or lower masters degree. In many fields such as social work, or library science in North America. Professional degrees such as the Master of Architecture degree can last to three and a years to satisfy professional requirement to be an architect. Professional degrees such as the Master of Business Administration degree can last up to two years to satisfy the requirement to become a business leader. These are often divided into academic and professional doctorates. An academic doctorate can be awarded as a Doctor of Philosophy degree or as a Doctor of Science degree, a doctorate is the terminal degree in most fields. In the United States, there is distinction between a Doctor of Philosophy degree and a Doctor of Science degree. In the second half of the 19th century, however, US universities began to follow the European model by awarding doctorates, in the UK, an equivalent formation to doctorate is the NVQ5 or QCF8. Most universities award degrees, usually at the postgraduate level
7.
Derby
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Derby is a city and unitary authority area in Derbyshire, England. It lies on the banks of the River Derwent in the south of Derbyshire, at the 2011 census, the population was 248,700. Derby gained city status in 1977, Derby was settled by Romans – who established the town of Derventio – Saxons and Vikings, who made Derby one of the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw. Initially a market town, Derby grew rapidly in the industrial era, home to Lombes Mill, an early British factory, Derby has a claim to be one of the birthplaces of the Industrial Revolution. It contains the part of the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage Site. With the arrival of the railways in the 19th century, Derby became a centre of the British rail industry, Toyota Manufacturing UKs automobile headquarters is south west of the city at Burnaston. The Roman camp of Derventio was probably at Little Chester/Chester Green, later the town was one of the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw, until it was captured by Lady Aethelflaed of Mercia in July 917, subsequent to which the town was annexed into the Kingdom of Mercia. The Viking name Djúra-bý, recorded in Old English as Deoraby and this popular belief is asserted by Tim Lambert who states, The name Derby is derived from the Danish words deor by meaning deer settlement. The name Derwent is Celtic and means a valley thick with oaks, the town name appears, nevertheless, as Darby or Darbye on early modern maps, such as that of Speed. Modern research into the history and archaeology of Derby has provided evidence that the Vikings and Anglo-Saxons probably co-existed, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle says that Derby is divided by water. These areas of land were known as Norþworþig and Deoraby, and were at the Irongate side of Derby, during the Civil War of 1642–1646, Derby was garrisoned by Parliamentary troops commanded by Sir John Gell, 1st Baronet, who was appointed Governor of Derby in 1643. A hundred years later, Bonnie Prince Charlie set up camp at Derby on 4 December 1745, the prince called at The George Inn on Irongate, where the Duke of Devonshire had set up his headquarters, and demanded billets for his 9,000 troops. He stayed at Exeter House, Full Street where he held his council of war, a replica of the room is on display at Derby Museum in the city centre. He had received misleading information about a coming to meet him south of Derby. Although he wished to continue with his quest, he was over-ruled by his fellow officers and he abandoned his invasion at Swarkestone Bridge on the River Trent just a few miles south of Derby. Derby and Derbyshire were among the centres of Britains Industrial Revolution, in 1759, Jedediah Strutt patented and built a machine called the Derby Rib Attachment that revolutionised the manufacture of hose. This attachment was used on the Rev. Lees Framework Knitting Machine, it was placed in front of – and worked in unison with – Lees Frame, the partners were Jedediah Strutt, William Woollatt. The patent was obtained in January 1759, after three years, Bloodworth and Stafford were paid off, and Samuel Need – a hosier of Nottingham – joined the partnership
8.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
9.
Design Council
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The Design Council, formerly the Council of Industrial Design, is a United Kingdom charity incorporated by Royal Charter. Its stated mission is to great design that improves lives and makes things better. It was instrumental in the promoting of the concept of inclusive design, the Design Councils archive is located at the University of Brighton Design Archives. The Design Council also runs two subsidiaries, the Design Council Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment and Design Council Enterprises Limited. Design Council CABE, which is intended to be run as a “self-sustaining business”, was formed on April 1,2011 from about 20 staff from the original CABE after it was merged with the Design Council, the BEE network was formed in 2012. The Design Council started on 19 December 1944 as the Council of Industrial Design, founded by Hugh Dalton, and its objective was to promote by all practicable means the improvement of design in the products of British industry. Leslie, the Councils first director, played an important part in the Britain Can Make It exhibition of 1946 and it was 1947 successor Sir Gordon Russell who established the organisations model for the next 40 years. Under Sir Paul Reilly in the early 70s, the changed its name to the Design Council in 1972. The Design Council was incorporated as a charity by Royal Charter in 1976. On 1 April 2010 it incorporated a subsidiary trading company called Design Council Enterprises Limited to transact “fundraising activities that are not primary-purpose charitable activity. It also officially merged with the Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment on the day although Design Council CABE was incorporated four days earlier. Sir Gordon Russell, who was involved in the 1951 Festival of Britain, examined ways to reform the education. The Design Centre, in Londons Haymarket, was opened on 26 April 1956. The Council under Russell combined exhibitions with product endorsements, direct services to industry, commercial publishing, after the Design Council’s restructuring in 1994, the Design Centre became closed to the public. The Design Council continued to operate from the Design Centre until 1998, between 1949 and 1999, the Design Council published Design, a “well-regarded magazine of its own” The journal ceased publication after the summer issue of 1999. The Council has hosted the British Design Awards, with the 1987 logo rights being co-owned with Manchester Metropolitan University and it was suggested in 1995 in Business Strategy Review magazine that the awards made suitable benchmarks, contributing to industrial competitiveness
10.
Duke of Edinburgh
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Duke of Edinburgh, named after the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, is a title that has been created four times for members of the British royal family since 1726. The current holder is the Prince Philip, consort to Queen Elizabeth II, the title was first created in the Peerage of Great Britain on 26 July 1726 by George I, who bestowed it on his grandson Prince Frederick, who also became Prince of Wales the following year. These titles were also in the Peerage of Great Britain, the marquessate was apparently erroneously gazetted as Marquess of the Isle of Wight although Marquess of the Isle of Ely was the intended title. In later editions of the London Gazette the Duke is referred to as the Marquess of the Isle of Ely, upon Fredericks death, the titles were inherited by his son Prince George. When Prince George became King George III in 1760, the merged into the Crown. On 19 November 1764, George III created a variation of the title for his brother, Prince William. This title was in the Peerage of Great Britain and the subsidiary title of the dukedom was Earl of Connaught, in the Kingdom of Ireland. In 1805, the titles were inherited by Williams only son, another William, Queen Victoria re-created the title on 24 May 1866 for her second son Prince Alfred, this time in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The subsidiary titles of the dukedom were Earl of Kent and Earl of Ulster, when Alfred became the sovereign of the two German duchies Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Gotha in 1893, he retained his British titles. His only son Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha committed suicide in 1899, the title was created for a fourth time on 19 November 1947 by King George VI, who bestowed it on his son-in-law Lieutenant Philip Mountbatten, when he married Princess Elizabeth. Subsequently, Elizabeth was styled HRH Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh until she became Queen in 1952, the subsidiary titles of the dukedom were Earl of Merioneth and Baron Greenwich, of Greenwich in the County of London. Like the dukedom, these titles were also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, earlier that year, Philip had renounced his Greek and Danish royal titles along with his rights to the Greek throne. In 1957, Philip became a Prince of the United Kingdom and this is unlikely to happen by direct inheritance, as Prince Edward is the youngest of Prince Philips three sons
11.
Ernest Hives, 1st Baron Hives
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Ernest Walter Hives, 1st Baron Hives CH MBE, was the one-time head of the Rolls-Royce Aero Engine division and chairman of Rolls-Royce Ltd. Hives was born in Reading, Berkshire, during the Second World War he was closely involved with the design of the Merlin engine as well as numerous later Rolls-Royce jet engines. He began his life in a local garage. However, in 1903 he got a job working at C. S, Rolls car company, after fixing Rolls car. After becoming a chief test driver in 1908, he led the RR team in the Austrian Alpine Trial in 1913. During the First World War the company designed its first aero-engine, the Eagle, in 1919 the Eagle powered the twin-engined Vickers Vimy bomber on the first direct flight across the Atlantic. Other notable engines were developed under Hives’ lead. In 1936 he became the works manager of the factory. Lived at 37, St. Chads Rd. Derby until around 1937, in 1937, thinking war would soon be inevitable, he prepared the firm for a massive production increase in Merlin engines by splitting facilities between engineering and production. As the Merlin powered Hurricanes and Spitfires, this was a decision of vital strategic significance when war did come and it was thanks to Hives that a total of a hundred and sixty thousand Merlins were produced by 1945. In 1941 Hives quickly decided ‘to go all out for the gas turbine’, ensuring the company’s leading role in developing jet engines for civil and military aviation. He was appointed to the Order of the Companions of Honour in the 1943 Birthday Honours and on 7 July 1950 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Hives and he played a critical role in the UK Nuclear Submarine programme. When the highly irascible but utterly pivotal Admiral Rickover visited the UK in 1957 to inspect the British nuclear design team at Rolls Rickover was “at his obnoxious worst”, after one particularly difficult morning he was introduced to Lord Hives. He died in April 1965, aged 79, and was succeeded in the barony by his son John and his younger daughter, Philippa Hives, married Judge Alexander Morrison in 1978
12.
Rolls-Royce Limited
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This article covers from 1904 to 1987 when this business by then owned by Rolls-Royce plc was again listed on the Stock Exchange. For the present day owners of the business enterprise, see Rolls-Royce Holdings for aero-engines etc. Rolls-Royce Limited owned a British luxury-car and aero engine manufacturing business founded in 1904 by Charles Stewart Rolls, Rolls-Royce Limited was incorporated on 15 March 1906 as a vehicle for their ownership of their Rolls-Royce business. Their business quickly developed a reputation for superior engineering quality, best car in the world, Rolls-Royce became a leading manufacturer of piston aero-engines after it was brought into building them by the First World War. In the late 1960s, Rolls-Royce Limited became hopelessly crippled by its mismanagement of development of its advanced RB211 jet engine and the consequent cost over-runs. In 1971 their financial collapse was dealt with by sale, at a price which took years to negotiate, of the entire business to a new government-owned company. Insolvent Rolls-Royce Limited was put into liquidation, everything that could be sold off was sold off but more than 45 years later there are still assets remaining to be sold. Rolls-Royce Limited continued to trade and realise the surplus assets bought from the former company, in 1977 Rolls-Royce Limited, given the necessary consent, was re-named Rolls-Royce Limited. It remained nationalised until 1987 when, re-named Rolls-Royce plc, the government sold its shares to the public, today it owns and operates Rolls-Royces principal business though it is no longer listed on the stock exchange. Instead it has been a subsidiary of a holding company currently Rolls-Royce Holdings plc since 2003. A marketing survey in 1987 showed there was one brand name more widely known than Rolls-Royce. In 1884 Henry Royce started an electrical and mechanical business and he made his first car, a two-cylinder Royce 10, in his Manchester factory in 1904. Henry Royce was introduced to Charles Rolls at the Midland Hotel, Rolls was proprietor of an early motor car dealership, C. S. Rolls & Co. in Fulham. In spite of his preference for three- or four-cylinder cars, Rolls was impressed with the Royce 10, the first Rolls-Royce car, the Rolls-Royce 10 hp, was unveiled at the Paris Salon in December 1904. During 1906 Royce had been developing an improved model with more power than the Rolls-Royce 30 hp. Initially designated the 40/50 hp, this was Rolls-Royces first all-new model, the new 40/50 was responsible for Rolls-Royces early reputation with over 6,000 built. Its chassis was used as a basis for the first British armoured car used in world wars Aero-engine manufacture began in 1914 because the government requested it. After the First World War, Rolls-Royce successfully avoided attempts to encourage British car manufacturers to merge, faced with falling sales of the 40/50 Rolls-Royce introduced the smaller, cheaper Twenty in 1922, effectively ending the one-model policy followed since 1908
13.
Okeover Hall
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Okeover Hall is a privately owned Grade II* listed country house in Staffordshire. It is the seat of the Okeover family, who have been in residence since the reign of William Rufus. The house lies close to the border between Staffordshire and Derbyshire, which lies on the far side of the small River Dove, the Hall is not open to the public. The house and manor church were pillaged by the Jacobite forces as they marched south to Swarkstone Bridge in 1745. In 1745–47, Leak Okeover had the old hall enlarged to Palladian designs by a London carpenter and joiner, Joseph Sanderson, a cousin of John Sanderson, the house is a testament to the high level of education and competence that might be elicited from a well-trained Georgian craftsman. The Georgian east wing is the oldest part of the house dating from 1745–46, a north wing was demolished in the early 19th century. The south and west wings were rebuilt 1953–60 to a sensitive Neo-Georgian design by Marshall Sisson, stables at right angles to the house form a separate nine-bay range with a central pediment on Doric pilasters over three rusticated arches and are separately listed as Grade II. In 1887, the Hon. Maud Okeover married Sir Andrew Barclay Walker, a brewer of Gateacre, Liverpool. His son, Sir Peter Walker, the 2nd Baronet, married Ethel Okeover in 1899, Sir Ian Walker, the 3rd Baronet, inherited Okeover in 1956 and assumed the name of Walker-Okeover, demolished Osmaston Manor in 1964, and moved the family seat back to Okeover. The estate is owned by Sir Andrew Walker-Okeover, 5th Baronet. Several members of the family have served as High Sheriff of Staffordshire, howard Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects 1660-1840, 3rd ed.1995, under Joseph Anderson Beard, Geoffrey. Craig Thornber, Strolling Through Staffordshire, Okeover Hall
14.
Ashbourne, Derbyshire
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Ashbourne is a market town in the Derbyshire Dales, England. It has a population of 7,112 and it contains many historical buildings and many independent shops and is famous for its historic annual Shrovetide football match. Ashbourne is a town and was granted a market charter in 1257. In medieval times Ashbourne was a frequent rest stop for pilgrims walking St Nons Way to the shrine at Dunstable in Bedfordshire, the forces of Charles Edward Stuart passed through Ashbourne during the Jacobite rising of 1745. Ashbourne Town Council is made up of 4 wards, Belle Vue, Hilltop, Parkside and St Oswalds and it is based in the town hall on the Market Place. Ashbourne is located at 53°01′N 01°44′W, Ashbourne Green and Sturston are hamlets close by. Henmore Brook, a tributary of the River Dove, flows through the middle of the town, Ashbourne has a population of 8,377 according to a 2011 census. From 1910, Nestle had a creamery in the town, which for a period was contracted to produce Carnation condensed milk. The factory had its own private sidings connected to the station goods yard, which allowed milk trains to access the facility. After milk trains ceased in 1965, the track was lifted. Water from a borehole on the site was first marketed as Ashbourne Water in 1975, nestlé retained the borehole after the factory shut, taking water by tanker to Buxton for bottling. Declining sales meant that they could not justify further investment and the brand was discontinued in 2006, the towns proximity to Dovedale and the Peak District means that tourism has always been important to it, now more than ever. The cobbled market place hosts an outdoor market every Thursday and Saturday throughout the year. Although its market heritage is important, it came under threat of closure from Derbyshire County Council in November 2012, the people of Ashbourne have opposed any such moves by the council and started an online petition. Ashbourne became the 97th Fairtrade Town in March 2005 after many businesses, cafes, shops, according to the Ashbourne Show website, In 1881, four gentlemen founded a society, with the aim of improving the standard of Shire horses in the Ashbourne area. Originally known as the Ashbourne Cart Horse Society, later that year, they held their first a show on the Paddock, at Ashbourne. This was so successful, it was determined by meeting to put the show on a permanent basis and apart from a few years lost to war and foot-and-mouth. In 1888, the title Ashbourne Shire Horse Society was adopted and royal patronage was granted in 1899 by King Edward VII, Shrovetide Football although much older, did not become royal till 1928
15.
Diocese of Derby
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The Diocese of Derby is a Church of England diocese in the Province of Canterbury, roughly covering the same area as the County of Derbyshire. Its diocesan bishop is the Bishop of Derby who has his seat at Derby Cathedral, the diocesan bishop is assisted by the suffragan bishop, the bishop of Repton. The Diocese of Derby contains two archdeaconries, the Archdeaconry of Derby and the Archdeaconry of Chesterfield, the Archdeaconry of Derby was originally part of the Diocese of Lichfield, but was moved to form part of the Diocese of Southwell when that diocese was created in 1884. On 7 July 1927 the archdeaconries of Derby and Chesterfield became the Diocese of Derby, the current diocesan bishop of Derby is Alastair Redfern. On 29 June 2016, Jan McFarlane was consecrated to the see of Repton. The provincial episcopal visitor is Jonathan Goodall, Bishop suffragan of Ebbsfleet, 2008–present, retired former Bishop of Sheffield Jack Nicholls lives in Chapel-en-le-Frith and is also licensed in neighbouring Diocese of Manchester. 2012–present, Richard Inwood, retired Bishop suffragan of Bedford, lives in Chesterfield. 2012–present, Roger Jupp, a former Bishop of Popondetta, returned to ministry in England in 2005
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Academic dress
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It is also known as academical dress, academicals, and, in the United States, as academic regalia. Contemporarily, it is seen only at graduation ceremonies, but formerly academic dress was. Today the ensembles are distinctive in some way to each institution, and generally consists of a gown with a separate hood, Academic dress is also worn by members of certain learned societies and institutions as official dress. Some older universities, particularly Oxford and Cambridge, have a set of dress to be worn under the gown. In the Commonwealth, gowns are worn open, while in the United States it has become common for gowns to close at the front, as did the original roba. In either case, the American Council of Education allows for the comfort of the wearer, and concedes that lighter materials be used in tropical climates, in addition, it acknowledges cotton poplin, broadcloth, rayon, or silk as appropriate. The materials used for academic dress vary and range from the economical to the very expensive. For some doctoral graduates commencement will be the time they wear academic regalia. These rented gowns are made of inexpensive polyester or other man-made synthetic fibre. In Britain, rented gowns are almost always polyester while Russell cord, undergraduate gowns are usually made from cotton or cotton and polyester mix and are relatively inexpensive to encourage students to own them. People who choose to buy their dress may opt for finer fabrics, such as poplin, grosgrain, Percale, cotton, wool, cassimere, broadcloth, Russell cord or corded/ribbed material. For silk, there are a range of types including artificial silk/rayon, Ottoman, taffeta, satin, alpaca, true silk, pure Ottoman silk is rarely used except for official gowns as it is very expensive. Some gowns may be trimmed with lace, cords, buttons or other forms of decoration. In the past, fur has been used to line certain hoods which range from rabbit to ermine, in the past, sheepskin was widely used. Most now use imitation fur instead, mainly because of cost, some robemakers will use fur if the customer requests and pays for it, as some feel that the quality and feel of artificial fur has yet to match that of real fur. Doctors robes usually use wool flannel, panama, superfine cloth and they tend to be the most expensive because they must be dyed in a specific colour and/or be trimmed in coloured silks. Many doctoral gowns have a special undress version so adding to the cost of a full set, a full set may cost about $360 for cheap materials to as much as $5800 for high quality materials. Usually, ex-hire gowns are available for purchase at cheaper prices though the quality may be lower, many institutions whose dress includes gowns of varying lengths prescribe the appropriate length of each gown with reference to parts of the wearers body
17.
University of Nottingham
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The University of Nottingham is a public research university based in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, England, United Kingdom. It was founded as University College Nottingham in 1881 and was granted a Royal Charter in 1948, outside the United Kingdom, Nottingham has campuses in Semenyih, Malaysia and Ningbo, China. Nottingham is organised into five constituent faculties, within there are more than 50 schools, departments, institutes. Nottingham has about 44,000 students and 9,000 staff and had an income of £635 million in 2015/16. For 2009 entry, it was ranked 5th in England in terms of the number of students. In 2011, the university was one of 12 elite institutions that accommodated the top achieving students in England, the 2014 High Fliers survey stated that Nottingham was the most targeted university by the UKs top employers between 2013-14. In 2012, Nottingham was ranked 13th in the world in terms of the number of alumni listed among CEOs of the Fortune Global 500 and it is also ranked 2nd in the 2012 Summer Olympics table of British medal winners. Moreover, Nottingham is the 9th largest European producer of entrepreneurs, in the 2011, and 2014 GreenMetric World University Rankings, Nottingham was the worlds most sustainable campus. The institutions alumni have been awarded a variety of accolades, including 3 Nobel Prizes, a Turner Prize. In 1881, there were four professors – of Literature, Physics, Chemistry, the university college underwent significant expansion in the 1920s when it moved from the centre of Nottingham to a large campus on the citys outskirts. The original University College building on Shakespeare Street in central Nottingham, built it most grand and cakeily out of the noble loot derived from shrewd cash-chemistry by good Sir Jesse Boot. Apart from its physical transfer to surroundings that could not be different from its original home. The Department of Slavonic Languages was established in 1933, the teaching of Russian having been introduced in 1916, however, further advances were delayed by the outbreak of war in 1939. In 1970, the university established the UKs first new school of the 20th century. In 1999, Jubilee Campus was opened on the site of the Raleigh Bicycle Company. Nottingham then began to expand overseas, opening campuses in Malaysia, in 2005, the Kings Meadow Campus opened near the University Park Campus. The university has used several logos throughout its history, beginning with its coat of arms, later Nottingham adopted a simpler logo, in which a stylised version of Nottingham Castle was surrounded by the text The University of Nottingham. In 2001 Nottingham undertook a major re-branding exercise, which included replacing the logo with the current one, the chief officer is the chancellor, elected by the University Court on the recommendation of the University Council
18.
Church of England
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The Church of England is the state church of England. The Archbishop of Canterbury is the most senior cleric, although the monarch is the supreme governor, the Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion. It dates its establishment as a church to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury. The English church renounced papal authority when Henry VIII sought to secure an annulment from Catherine of Aragon in the 1530s, the English Reformation accelerated under Edward VIs regents before a brief restoration of papal authority under Queen Mary I and King Philip. This is expressed in its emphasis on the teachings of the early Church Fathers, as formalised in the Apostles, Nicene, in the earlier phase of the English Reformation there were both Catholic martyrs and radical Protestant martyrs. The later phases saw the Penal Laws punish Roman Catholic and nonconforming Protestants, in the 17th century, political and religious disputes raised the Puritan and Presbyterian faction to control of the church, but this ended with the Restoration. Papal recognition of George III in 1766 led to religious tolerance. Since the English Reformation, the Church of England has used a liturgy in English, the church contains several doctrinal strands, the main three known as Anglo-Catholic, Evangelical and Broad Church. Tensions between theological conservatives and progressives find expression in debates over the ordination of women and homosexuality, the church includes both liberal and conservative clergy and members. The governing structure of the church is based on dioceses, each presided over by a bishop, within each diocese are local parishes. The General Synod of the Church of England is the body for the church and comprises bishops, other clergy. Its measures must be approved by both Houses of Parliament, according to tradition, Christianity arrived in Britain in the 1st or 2nd century, during which time southern Britain became part of the Roman Empire. The earliest historical evidence of Christianity among the native Britons is found in the writings of such early Christian Fathers as Tertullian, three Romano-British bishops, including Restitutus, are known to have been present at the Council of Arles in 314. Others attended the Council of Sardica in 347 and that of Ariminum in 360, Britain was the home of Pelagius, who opposed Augustine of Hippos doctrine of original sin. Consequently, in 597, Pope Gregory I sent the prior of the Abbey of St Andrews from Rome to evangelise the Angles and this event is known as the Gregorian mission and is the date the Church of England generally marks as the beginning of its formal history. A later archbishop, the Greek Theodore of Tarsus, also contributed to the organisation of Christianity in England, the Church of England has been in continuous existence since the days of St Augustine, with the Archbishop of Canterbury as its episcopal head. Despite the various disruptions of the Reformation and the English Civil War, while some Celtic Christian practices were changed at the Synod of Whitby, the Christian Church in the British Isles was under papal authority from earliest times. The Synod of Whitby established the Roman date for Easter and the Roman style of monastic tonsure in Britain and this meeting of the ecclesiastics with Roman customs with local bishops was summoned in 664 at Saint Hildas double monastery of Streonshalh, later called Whitby Abbey
19.
Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester
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Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester, GCB, CI, GCVO, GBE was the wife of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, the third son of George V and Mary of Teck. She was the mother of the present Duke of Gloucester, and of Prince William of Gloucester and she was thus a paternal aunt-in-law to Elizabeth II. Her brothers Walter and William and her nephew John were all Conservative MPs and her first cousin, Marian Montagu Douglas Scott, was the paternal grandmother of Sarah, Duchess of York, former wife of Alice’s great-nephew, Prince Andrew, Duke of York. As she was born on Christmas Day, she was given the name Christabel in addition to Alice, later, her niece Princess Alexandra would also be given the same second name for the same reason. Alice spent much of her childhood in her familys country homes, Boughton House in Northamptonshire, Drumlanrig Castle in Dumfries and Galloway and she attended the independent St Jamess School for Girls, in West Malvern, Worcestershire, and later travelled to France, Kenya and India. In August 1935, Lady Alice became engaged to Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester and they were married in a private ceremony, in the Private Chapel, Buckingham Palace, on 6 November of that year. Alice wore a wedding gown, the only British Royal bride to do so. Her gown was designed by Norman Hartnell, who designed the future Queen Elizabeth II s wedding gown. Although it was cold and wet, a crowd estimated to be one million people lined the streets from the Palace to the railway station to see the couple off on their honeymoon. She was often referred to as the Winter Princess from then on, initially, the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester lived at the Royal Pavilion in Aldershot, where the Duke was taking the Army staff course. In 1935, the Duchess took a trip to open the new grounds of The Lady Eleanor Holles School, the Duke of Gloucester left the army to take on more public duties following the abdication of King Edward VIII in December 1936. The couple received a grace and favour residence at York House, St Jamess Palace, London and, in 1938, they purchased Barnwell Manor in Northamptonshire. The Duke and Duchess had two sons, Prince William of Gloucester Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester travelled extensively, during World War II, the Duchess worked with the Red Cross and the Order of St John. Later she was promoted to Air Chief Marshal in the Royal Air Force in 1990 and she also served as deputy to Queen Elizabeth, the consort of George VI, as Commandant-in-Chief of the Nursing Corps. From 1945 to 1947, the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester lived in Canberra and she was also the Chancellor of the University of Derby and Patron of the Girls Day School Trust and Queen Margaret College. In 1975, Princess Alice was the first woman to be appointed a Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, in 1981, she first published her memoirs under the title The Memoirs of Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester. In 1991, she released an edition as Memories of Ninety Years. In 1994, after the Gloucesters had to give up Barnwell Manor for financial reasons, Alice moved from Barnwell to Kensington Palace, where she lived with the current Duke and Duchess of Gloucester
20.
Devonshire Royal Hospital
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The Devonshire Royal Hospital building is a Grade II* listed 18th-century former stable block in Buxton, Derbyshire. It was built by John Carr of York and extended by architect Robert Rippon Duke and it is now the site of the Devonshire campus of the University of Derby. Built between 1780 and 1789, the building was designed by John Carr of York for William Cavendish. Octagonal in shape, it housed up to 110 horses and the servants of the guests of the Crescent Hotel, the Devonshire estate architect, Henry Currey, architect for St Thomas’s Hospital in London, converted two thirds of the building into a hospital. Local architect Robert Rippon Duke was commissioned to design a 300-bed hospital to rival Bath, the Cotton Districts Convalescent fund put up £25,000 for the conversion. The steel structure was clad in slate, and proposed to be supported by 22 curved steel arms, however, during construction the Tay Bridge disaster occurred on 28 December 1879, and so the number of arms was revised upwards. Railway engineer Mr Footner advised that the designers of the Tay Rail Bridge had not taken into account the stresses of lateral wind and storms. Further changes were undertaken, with the tower and lodge completed in 1882, surgical wards in 1897, spa baths in 1913. The building became known as the Devonshire Royal Hospital in 1934, the Devonshire Royal was the last of the eight hydropathic hospitals in England to close when it closed in 2000. On 31 January 2001, the University of Derby acquired the Devonshire Royal Hospital, the University received £4. 7m Heritage Lottery Fund backing for the restoration and redevelopment project. Included in Rippon Dukes design what was the worlds largest unsupported dome with a diameter of 44.2 metres, it surpassed that of the Pantheon and St Peters Basilica in Rome, the dome has a floor area of 1, 534m2. Refurbished and reopened in 2003, the building and its surrounding Victorian era villas are now part of the University of Derby. It is being used routinely as a venue, and exhibition space. Open to the public, the space houses cafés, shops, restaurants and study spaces, the original spa of the hydropathic hospital has been reopened as a commercial spa centre offering a range of treatments and as a training venue for spa management and therapists. On 23 October 2015, the venue played host to Jack Masseys defeat of Gogita Gorgiladze for the vacant WBC Youth Silver Title, University of Derby, Buxton At The Dome Website Newsreel showing soldiers undergoing treatment in 1916
21.
Leek, Staffordshire
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Leek is a market town and civil parish in the county of Staffordshire, England, on the River Churnet. It is situated about 10 miles north east of Stoke-on-Trent and it is an ancient borough and was granted its royal charter in 1214. It is the centre for the Staffordshire Moorlands District Council. King John granted Ranulph de Blondeville, 6th Earl of Chester, the right to hold a weekly Wednesday market, leeks coat of arms is made up of a Saltire Shield. On the top is the Stafford Knot, either side is the Leek Double Sunset, the crest is a mural crown with three Mulberry leaves on a Mount of Heather on top of which a Moorcock is resting his claw on a small-weave Shuttle. The motto ARTE FAVENTE NIL DESPERANDUM translates to, Our skill assisting us, the town had a regular cattle market for hundreds of years, reflecting its role as a centre of local farming. Following the Industrial Revolution it was a producer of textiles. However, this industry has now ceased, the mills from the towns textile era remain and many have now been converted into housing. Britannia, the former Building Society, has its headquarters in the town and was a local employer. Most of the town is at or above 600 feet and is surrounded by the countryside of the Staffordshire Moorlands which is situated on the southern uplands of the Pennines. Leek is built on the slope and crown of a hill which is situated just a few south of the Roaches. Many Victorian period, and older, buildings stand in the town. In 1849 William Sugden came to Leek and he was an architect and his work on the design of the railway stations for the Churnet Valley Railway brought him to the area. In the following year William’s son, Larner Sugden, was born, the firm had offices in Derby Street. The building still survives, the ground floor now being occupied by Boots the Chemist, Larner was a great supporter of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings, and so Leek’s development was in sympathetic hands. The architectural output from Sugden & Son was both prolific and varied and this last was probably the last joint venture of the father-and-son team because William Sugden died in 1892. The Sugden masterpiece was, perhaps, the Nicholson Institute, built in the Queen Anne style, the fact that this building is tucked away behind the 17th century ‘Greystones’ is a further indication of Larner’s regard for old buildings. Larner would not countenance demolition of the old building, and so, as the Nicholsons owned the land to the rear, in 1899 came the Technical Schools and the Co-operative Society Hall
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Chesterfield St Helena School
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The building now serves as an Area Education Office for Derbyshire County Council. In 1882, education for girls was considered to be of minimal importance. As a result of this, a school was set up in the Congregational Schoolroom under the supervision of Miss Walton. The school seems to have thrived, for a report of a Harvest Festival held in October 1889 states that it was held in the presence of about a hundred parents and friends. The schoolroom was appropriately decorated for the occasion and a programme of vocal and instrumental music. Prizes were presented by the Mayor, Mr. B. Douglas Esq, the Mayor proposed the vote of thanks to Miss Walton and this was seconded by Mr. Voules, Headmaster of the Grammar School. The original school building, located at East Bank, Sheffield Road, Chesterfield, the school was to remain at East Bank until 1911, and during that period secured a reputation for providing a good all-round education for its pupils. In the Midland Railway Guide of 1899 a full page advertisement was devoted to include a sufficient variety of subjects to ensure development of all the faculties of the pupils. By 1904 there were 112 pupils in the school and the number increased each term, the joint headship between Miss Wilkes and Miss Stevens came to an end when the County Council took over the responsibility for the running of the school in 1906. Miss Wilkes was designated Head Mistress and Miss Stevens Second Mistress and it was from this time that official records were kept and from these it would seem that, besides Miss Wilkes and Miss Stevens, there were nine other teachers in the school. Plans were proposed for the erection of a new, purpose built school on vacant ground opposite East Bank. Before these plans could come to fruition, the school had increased to such an extent that number 68, St Helens Street was purchased to house the kindergarten and two lower forms of the school. Intake age was 4 years for both boys and girls, the boys leaving at the age of 11 to continue their education mainly at the local Grammar School. In 1909, plans for the new buildings were passed and work started. The best materials were used, local brick from the Wasps Nest Brick Works in Brampton, masons were employed to dress the considerable quantity of stonework with the exception of the window sills which were cut by a special machine recently invented. Inside, the Assembly Hall was built to three hundred students and was to have an oak parquet floor whilst the rest of the school was to have floors of Canadian Maple parquet. There were those who regarded this huge office rising from the ground with scorn, the bottom terrace was grassed over to provide a playing field. The lower ground floor contained two covered areas built so that they could easily be converted into classrooms
23.
Nursing and Midwifery Council
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The Nursing and Midwifery Council is the regulator for nursing and midwifery professions in the UK. The NMC maintains a register of all nurses, midwives and specialist community public health nurses eligible to practise within the UK and it sets and reviews standards for their education, training, conduct and performance. The NMC also investigates allegations of impaired fitness to practise and it has been a statutory body since 2002, with a stated aim to protect the health and well-being of the public. The NMC is also a charity registered with the Charity Commission, charity number 1091434 and in Scotland with the Office of the Scottish Charity Regulator, all Council members are trustees of the charity. The UKCC was expected to maintain a register of UK nurses, midwives and health visitors, provide guidance to registrants, at the same time, National Boards were created for each of the UK countries. Their main functions were to monitor the quality of nursing and midwifery education courses and this structure of the UKCC survived with minor modifications up to April 2002, when the UKCC ceased to exist and its functions were taken over by a new Nursing and Midwifery Council. This was legislated for in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, through the Nursing, the English National Board was also abolished and its quality assurance function was taken on board by the NMC. The other National Boards were also abolished, but new bodies were created in country to take over their functions. The NMC Council has two key roles, setting the direction for the NMC and overseeing the work of senior NMC staff. The Council ensures that the NMC complies with all relevant legislation, including the Nursing and Midwifery Order 2001, the Council is made up of 12 lay and registrant members, including one member from each of the four UK countries. They are appointed by the Privy Council, registrant members are from a nursing or midwifery background, lay members are selected for their expertise in various fields and strategic experience. The current Council took office on 1 May 2013, the NMC has an annual income in excess of £52 million and employs over 400 staff. To fulfill the activities of the NMC it charges a fee to its members. The NMC set standards, guidance and requirements for nursing and midwifery education across the UK and these standards help to shape the content and design of programmes and state what a registered nurse or midwife needs to know and be able to do. The NMC approves higher education institutions to deliver programmes and they currently accredit 1000 programmes in 79 education institutions across the UK. If they are deemed fit to practise they will then be eligible to apply to join the register, each year the NMC receives over 22,000 newly qualified nurses and midwives from education institutions. As of October 2015 there are 685,000 nurses and midwives on the NMC register, nurses and midwives must be on the NMC register in order to practise in the UK. Anyone is able to search the NMC register, the NMC’s revised code became effective on 31 March 2015
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Allestree
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Allestree is a suburb and ward of the city of Derby, a unitary authority area, in Derbyshire, England. It is the northernmost ward and is situated on the A6 road and it is bordered by the district of Amber Valley along its western and northern edges and Erewash in its north-east corner. To the south it borders the ward of Mackworth and to the east the ward of Darley Abbey, Allestree village was previously part of the Earl of Northumbrias estate before the Norman Conquest and was mentioned in the Doomesday book as part of the Markeaton estate. The Allestree estate was acquired by the Mundy family in 1516, the ward now contains the remaining parts of the village of Markeaton and became a parish in its own right in 1864 and was incorporated into the Borough of Derby in 1968. The ward is residential and has two parks, Allestree Park to the north and Markeaton Park to the south. Markeaton Park is the most used leisure facility in Derby with over 1 million visitors a year. The shopping needs of the area are met with the Park Farm shopping centre which celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2013, middle Ages Before the Norman conquest Allestree was a hamlet consisting of a few scattered dwellings that was part of the holding of the Earl of Northumbria. Later it was recorded in the Domesday book of 1086 as Adelardestreu and it was given by William the Conqueror to Henry de Ferrers as a reward for his work in the Norman Conquest and later it passed to the Touchet family of Markeaton. During the 12th century most of the land changed hands and was sold to the Abbey of St Mary, in Darley, and then rented back to the Touchet family. It was purchased by Sir John Mundy along with the estates of Markeaton and Mackworth from Lord Audley in 1516, between 1660 and 1690, Derby was represented in Parliament by Roger Allestry and his son William Allestry. They took their name from the village, rather than vice versa, Allestree Village Allestree was formally a distinct rural settlement centred around St Edmunds Church, the old village centre was designated a Conservation Area by the City Council in September 1991. The designated area starts on Cornhill encompassing part of the course on Allestree Park. All houses on St Edmund Close, Siddals Lane, The Poplars and the area to the north of Church Walk are included, as well as St Edmunds Church and the adjacent Red Cow inn. The area surrounding the old village centre contains seven listed buildings, the church dates from the 12th century but all that remains of the original building is the ornately-carved Romanesque doorway. The village became a parish in its own right in 1864 and was incorporated into the Borough of Derby in 1968, parts of the civil parish of Markeaton were incorporated into Allestree in 1934. Markeaton was originally an estate that spread out through the northwest of Derby. It contained three outlying settlements that would later become Manors in their own right, Allestree, Knivedon and it was owned at the time, as was Allestree, by Earl Hugh of Chester and controlled by a member of the Touchet family. The area now within Allestree contains what is left of the old village centre, substantial development in the 1960s and 1970s led to the incorporation of Allestree into the borough of Derby in 1968
25.
A38 road
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The A38, part of which is also known as the Devon Expressway, is a major A-class trunk road in England. The road runs from Bodmin in Cornwall to Mansfield in Nottinghamshire and it is 292 miles long, making it the longest 2-digit A road in England. It was formerly known as the Leeds–Exeter Trunk Road, when this also included the A61. Prior to the opening of the M5 motorway in the 1960s and 1970s, considerable lengths of the road in the West Midlands closely follow Roman roads, including part of Icknield Street. Between Worcester and Birmingham the current A38 follows the line of a Saxon salt road, For most of the length of the M5 motorway, the A38 road runs alongside it as a single carriageway road. The road starts on the side of Bodmin at a junction with the A30 before traversing the edge of the town to meet the A30 again. It travels through the picturesque Glynn Valley to Dobwalls and Liskeard, the Dobwalls section contains the most sophisticated bat bridge yet constructed in the UK. The A38 continues through the Cornish countryside, bypassing the centre of Saltash, immediately after the tunnel the River Tamar is crossed using the Tamar Bridge where the route resumes dual carriageway status. It is 42 miles long and was completed in the early 1970s, there are several grade separated junctions along its length mainly for local traffic, including a three-level stacked roundabout for the A386, which heads out towards Dartmoor National Park. The route was reserved for the Parkway as early as 1943, the viaducts carrying the A38 over the River Plym, which after the construction of the Marsh Mills flyover became the Exeter bound sliproads, were built in 1969–70 as part of the Plympton bypass. This required the road to be closed for only 48 hours, the South Brent bypass opened in 1974 and the Ivybridge bypass in 1973, both on new alignments. After Ivybridge, the route parallels the original route, bypassing the village of Lee Mill which is now home to a large trading estate. The road widens to a dual carriageway for the Plympton bypass. This opened in 1971 and was the first section of the Devon Expressway to be built on a new alignment, the route originally ended at the Marsh Mills roundabout, which when opened was the largest in Europe. The section of the A38 between the A382 junction and Ashburton was built on a new alignment parallel to the old road, trago Mills, a locally well known retailer, is passed by the road. The Ashburton bypass, much like the Kennford bypass, uses the alignment of a much older 1930s single carriageway bypass, which was subsequently upgraded to dual carriageway by 1974. At the town of Buckfastleigh, the once again bypasses on a new alignment, although due to the challenging topography of the area. Some of this section follows part of the old Teign Valley Line railway, before Kennford, the route splits, with the A38 heading for Plymouth and the A380 heading towards Torbay
26.
Markeaton
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Markeaton is a suburban village within Derby in the East Midlands of England. It is in the Mackworth Ward of Derby City Council, the village lies on the narrow Markeaton Lane road. The name is derived from Old English Mearcas Farm, the spelling was Marcheton in 1086. It finally passed to John the Earl of Huntingdon and Cambridge who died in 1237, to prevent the estate passing to women, it was bought by the Crown in 1246. It was held by members of the Royal family, including the Black Prince until his death in 1376 when it returned to the Crown. In the early 14th century the Mundy Family purchased land, Sir John Mundy was Lord Mayor of the City of London in 1522, the village land was enclosed by the Mundys during the 18th century, forcing many of the villagers to move their homes outside the enclosed land. A grand house, Markeaton Hall was built in a half timbered style. Unfortunately the hall was used by the Army during World War II, the Council had continually neglected the building, which eventually was declared to be unsafe. The council decided to demolish it, leaving only the Orangery and this scenic park has over 207 acres of park land. It attracts over one million visitors each year, making it one of the most popular parks in the East Midlands,180 acres of the park were bought by the Corporation in 1930. The park had a Light Railway system operated by a diesel engine, Markeaton shares its church with the nearby village of Mackworth. This 13th-century church was fortified, one of the examples of such a church, to protect the villagers and their farm stock from raids by the Meynells. Photographs of Markeaton Park 360 degree photograph of the Orangery at Markeaton Park - QuickTime required to view
27.
Buxton
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Buxton is a spa town in Derbyshire, England. It has the highest elevation—about 960 feet above sea level—of any market town in England, close to the county boundary with Cheshire to the west and Staffordshire to the south, Buxton is described as the gateway to the Peak District National Park. Economically, Buxton is within the sphere of influence of Greater Manchester, the population of the town was 22,115 at the 2011 Census. Buxton is home to Pooles Cavern, a limestone cavern open to the public. Also in the town is the Buxton Opera House, which several music. The Devonshire Campus of the University of Derby is housed in one of the historic buildings. Buxton is twinned with two towns, Oignies in France and Bad Nauheim in Germany, the Romans developed a settlement known as Aquae Arnemetiae. The discovery of coins indicates that the Romans were in Buxton throughout their occupation, the origins of the towns name are uncertain. It may be derived from the Old English for Buck Stone or for Rocking Stone, built on the River Wye, and overlooked by Axe Edge Moor, Buxton has a history as a spa town due to its geothermal spring which rises at a constant temperature of 28 °C. The spring waters are piped to St Anns Well opposite the Crescent near the town centre. The Dukes of Devonshire have been involved with Buxton since 1780. She called Buxton La Fontagne de Bogsby, and stayed at the site of the Old Hall Hotel, the area features in the poetry of W. H. Auden and the novels of Jane Austen and Emily Brontë. Instrumental in the popularity of Buxton was the recommendation by Erasmus Darwin of the waters at Buxton, the Wedgwood family often went to Buxton on holiday and recommended the area to their friends. Two of Charles Darwins half-cousins, Edward Levett Darwin and Reginald Darwin, the arrival of the railway in 1863 stimulated the towns growth, the population of 1,800 in 1861 had grown to over 6,000 by 1881. Each summer the wells are decorated according to the tradition of well dressing. The well dressing weekend has developed into a carnival with live music. In 2013, the Academy of Urbanism named Buxton as one of the three most attractive towns in Britain, built on the boundary of the Lower Carboniferous limestone and the Upper Carboniferous shale, sandstone and gritstone, the early settlement was largely of limestone construction. The present buildings, of locally quarried sandstone, mostly date from the late 18th century, at the southern edge of the town the River Wye has carved an extensive limestone cavern, known as Pooles Cavern
28.
St Paul's Cathedral
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St Pauls Cathedral, London, is an Anglican cathedral, the seat of the Bishop of London and the mother church of the Diocese of London. It sits on Ludgate Hill at the highest point of the City of London and is a Grade 1 listed building and its dedication to Paul the Apostle dates back to the original church on this site, founded in AD604. The present church, dating from the late 17th century, was designed in the English Baroque style by Sir Christopher Wren and its construction, completed in Wrens lifetime, was part of a major rebuilding programme in the City after the Great Fire of London. The cathedral is one of the most famous and most recognisable sights of London and its dome, framed by the spires of Wrens City churches, dominated the skyline for 300 years. At 365 feet high, it was the tallest building in London from 1710 to 1967, the dome is among the highest in the world. St Pauls is the second-largest church building in area in the United Kingdom after Liverpool Cathedral, St Pauls Cathedral occupies a significant place in the national identity. It is the subject of much promotional material, as well as of images of the dome surrounded by the smoke. St Pauls Cathedral is a church with hourly prayer and daily services. The entry fee is £18 for adults, the location of Londiniums original cathedral is unknown. In 1995, however, a large and ornate 5th century building on Tower Hill was excavated, the Elizabethan antiquarian William Camden argued that a temple to the goddess Diana had stood during Roman times on the site occupied by the medieval St Pauls Cathedral. Wren reported that he had no trace of any such temple during the works to build the new cathedral after the Great Fire. Bede records that in AD604 St Augustine consecrated Mellitus as the first bishop to the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of the East Saxons and their king, Sæberht. Sæberhts uncle and overlord, Æthelberht, king of Kent, built a dedicated to St Paul in London. It is assumed, although unproven, that this first Anglo-Saxon cathedral stood on the site as the later medieval. On the death of Sæberht in about 616, his sons expelled Mellitus from London. The fate of the first cathedral building is unknown and this building, or a successor, was destroyed by fire in 962, but rebuilt in the same year. King Æthelred the Unready was buried in the cathedral on his death in 1016, the cathedral was burnt, with much of the city, in a fire in 1087, as recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. The fourth St Pauls, generally referred to as Old St Pauls, was begun by the Normans after the 1087 fire, a further fire in 1136 disrupted the work, and the new cathedral was not consecrated until 1240
29.
Charles, Prince of Wales
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Charles, Prince of Wales is the eldest child and heir apparent of Queen Elizabeth II. Known alternatively in South West England as Duke of Cornwall and in Scotland as Duke of Rothesay, he is the heir apparent in British history. He is also the oldest person to be next in line to the throne since Sophia of Hanover, Charles was born at Buckingham Palace as the first grandchild of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth. After earning a bachelor of degree from Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1981, he married Lady Diana Spencer and they had two sons, Prince William later to become Duke of Cambridge, and Prince Harry, in 1996, the couple divorced, following well-publicised extramarital affairs. Diana died in a car crash in Paris the following year, in 2005, Charles married Camilla Parker Bowles. Charles has sought to raise awareness of the dangers facing the natural environment. As an environmentalist, he has received awards and recognition from environmental groups around the world. His support for alternative medicine, including homeopathy, has been criticised by some in the medical community and he has been outspoken on the role of architecture in society and the conservation of historic buildings. Subsequently, Charles created Poundbury, a new town based on his theories. He has authored a number of books, including A Vision of Britain, A Personal View of Architecture in 1989 and he was baptised in the palaces Music Room by the Archbishop of Canterbury, Geoffrey Fisher, on 15 December 1948. When Prince Charles was aged three his mothers accession as Queen Elizabeth II made him her heir apparent. As the monarchs eldest son, he took the titles Duke of Cornwall, Duke of Rothesay, Earl of Carrick, Baron of Renfrew, Lord of the Isles and Prince. Charles attended his mothers coronation at Westminster Abbey on 2 June 1953, seated alongside his grandmother, as was customary for upper-class children at the time, a governess, Catherine Peebles, was appointed and undertook his education between the ages of five and eight. Buckingham Palace announced in 1955 that Charles would attend school rather than have a private tutor, Charles then attended two of his fathers former schools, Cheam Preparatory School in Berkshire, England, followed by Gordonstoun in the north-east of Scotland. He reportedly despised the school, which he described as Colditz in kilts. Upon his return to Gordonstoun, Charles emulated his father in becoming Head Boy and he left in 1967, with six GCE O-levels and two A-levels in history and French, at grades B and C, respectively. Tradition was broken again when Charles proceeded straight from school into university
30.
Richard Branson
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Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson is an English business magnate, investor and philanthropist. He founded the Virgin Group, which more than 400 companies. Branson expressed his desire to become an entrepreneur at a young age, at the age of sixteen his first business venture was a magazine called Student. In 1970, he set up a mail-order record business, in 1972, he opened a chain of record stores, Virgin Records, later known as Virgin Megastores. Bransons Virgin brand grew rapidly during the 1980s, as he set up Virgin Atlantic airline, in March 2000, Branson was knighted at Buckingham Palace for services to entrepreneurship. For his work in retail, music and transport, his taste for adventure, in 2002 he was named in the BBCs poll of the 100 Greatest Britons. In January 2016, Forbes listed Bransons estimated net worth at $5.2 billion, Branson was born in Blackheath, London, the eldest of three children of Eve Branson, a former ballet dancer and air hostess, and Edward James Branson, a barrister. His grandfather, the Right Honourable Sir George Arthur Harwin Branson, was a judge of the High Court of Justice, Branson was educated at Scaitcliffe School, a prep school in Berkshire, before briefly attending Cliff View House School in Sussex. His third great-grandfather, John Edward Branson, left England for India in 1793 and his father, Harry Wilkins Branson, later joined him in Madras. On the show Finding Your Roots, Branson was shown to have 3. 9% South Asian DNA, Branson attended Stowe School, an independent school in Buckinghamshire until the age of sixteen. Branson has dyslexia and had poor performance, on his last day at school, his headmaster, Robert Drayson. Bransons parents were supportive of his endeavours from an early age, One of her most successful ventures was building and selling wooden tissue boxes and wastepaper bins. Branson started his business from a church where he ran Student magazine. Branson interviewed several prominent personalities of the late 1960s for the magazine including Mick Jagger, Branson advertised popular records in The Student and it was an overnight success. Trading under the name Virgin, he records for considerably less than the High Street outlets. Branson once said, There is no point in starting your own business unless you do it out of a sense of frustration, the name Virgin was suggested by one of Bransons early employees because they were all new at business. At the time, many products were sold under restrictive marketing agreements that limited discounting, Branson eventually started a record shop in Oxford Street in London. In 1971, Branson was questioned in connection with the selling of records in Virgin stores that had been declared export stock, the matter was never brought before a court because Branson agreed to repay any unpaid tax and a fine
31.
Chesterfield
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Chesterfield is a market town and a borough in Derbyshire, England. It lies 24 miles north of Derby and 11 miles south of Sheffield, the borough – which includes the settlements of Whittington, Brimington and Staveley – had a population of 103,800 in 2011. Chesterfield is the second largest town in the county of Derbyshire. Archaeological examination of the town has traced its beginnings to the 1st century AD and the construction of a Roman fort, later an Anglo-Saxon village grew up on the site. The name Chesterfield derives from the Anglo-Saxon words caester and feld, Chesterfield received its market charter in 1204. It still has a moderately sized market of about 250 stalls held three days a week, the town sits on a large coalfield, which formed a major part of the areas economy until the 1980s. Little visual evidence of the remains today. The towns best known landmark is the Church of St Mary and All Saints, popularly known for its crooked spire, Chesterfield was in the Hundred of Scarsdale. The town received its charter in 1204 from King John. The charter constituted the town as a borough, granting the burgesses of Chesterfield the same privileges as those of Nottingham. In 1266, it was the site of the Battle of Chesterfield, elizabeth I granted a charter of incorporation in 1594, creating a corporation consisting of a mayor, six aldermen, six brethren, and twelve capital burgesses. This remained the governing charter until the borough was reformed under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, the borough originally consisted only of the township of Chesterfield, but it was extended in 1892 to parts of some surrounding townships. In 1920 there was an extension when the borough absorbed New Whittington. Chesterfield benefited greatly from the building of the Chesterfield Line – part of the Derby to Leeds railway, during the work, a sizeable seam of coal was discovered during the construction of the Clay Cross Tunnel. This and the local ironstone were promptly exploited by Stephenson, who set up a company in Clay Cross to trade in the minerals, during his time in Chesterfield, Stephenson lived at Tapton House, and remained there until his death in 1848. He is interred in Trinity Church, in 2006, a statue of Stephenson was erected outside Chesterfield railway station. Chesterfield is located on the confluence and valleys of the River Rother and River Hipper at the Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and Yorkshire Coalfield. The town also lies in the foothills of the Pennines
32.
Listed building
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A listed building or listed structure, in the United Kingdom, is one that has been placed on the Statutory List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest. The statutory bodies maintaining the list are Historic England in England, Cadw in Wales, Historic Scotland in Scotland, however, the preferred term in Ireland is protected structure. In England and Wales, an amenity society must be notified of any work to a listed building which involves any element of demolition. Owners of listed buildings are, in circumstances, compelled to repair and maintain them. When alterations are permitted, or when listed buildings are repaired or maintained, slightly different systems operate in each area of the United Kingdom, though the basic principles of the listing remain the same. It was the damage to caused by German bombing during World War II that prompted the first listing of buildings that were deemed to be of particular architectural merit. The listings were used as a means of determining whether a building should be rebuilt if it was damaged by bombing. Listing was first introduced into Northern Ireland under the Planning Order 1972, the listing process has since developed slightly differently in each part of the UK. In the UK, the process of protecting the historic environment is called ‘designation’. A heritage asset is a part of the environment that is valued because of its historic. Only some of these are judged to be important enough to have legal protection through designation. However, buildings that are not formally listed but still judged as being of heritage interest are still regarded as being a consideration in the planning process. Almost anything can be listed – it does not have to be a building, Buildings and structures of special historic interest come in a wide variety of forms and types, ranging from telephone boxes and road signs, to castles. Historic England has created twenty broad categories of structures, and published selection guides for each one to aid with assessing buildings and these include historical overviews and describe the special considerations for listing each category. Both Historic Scotland and Cadw produce guidance for owners, in England, to have a building considered for listing or delisting, the process is to apply to the secretary of state, this can be done by submitting an application form online to Historic England. The applicant does not need to be the owner of the building to apply for it to be listed, full information including application form guidance notes are on the Historic England website. Historic England assesses buildings put forward for listing or delisting and provides advice to the Secretary of State on the architectural, the Secretary of State, who may seek additional advice from others, then decides whether or not to list or delist the building. In England and Wales the authority for listing is granted to the Secretary of State by the Planning Act 1990, Listed buildings in danger of decay are listed on the Historic England Heritage at Risk Register
33.
William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire
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William George Spencer Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire KG, PC, styled Marquess of Hartington until 1811, was a British peer, courtier, nobleman, and Whig politician. Known as the Bachelor Duke, he was Lord Chamberlain of the Household between 1827 and 1828 and again between 1830 and 1834, the Cavendish banana is named after him. Born in Paris, France, Devonshire was the son of William Cavendish, 5th Duke of Devonshire and he was educated at Harrow and at Trinity College, Cambridge. He lost both his parents while still in his youth, his mother died in 1806 and his father in 1811 when, aged 21, along with the title, he inherited eight stately homes and some 200,000 acres of land. Politically Devonshire followed in the Whig family tradition and he supported Catholic emancipation, the abolition of slavery and reduced factory working hours. He held office as Lord Chamberlain of the Household under George Canning, in 1827 he was sworn of the Privy Council and made a Knight of the Garter. He was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary to the Russian Empire on the coronation of Czar Nicholas I in 1826, Devonshire was also Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire between 1811 and 1858 and carried the Orb at the coronation of George IV in 1821. However, increasing deafness from an early age prevented him taking an even greater part in public life. Devonshire had a major interest in gardening and horticulture, and devoted himself sedulously to the care and nurture of his vast estates and his major projects including the wholesale rebuilding of the village of Edensor, and significant improvement to his several stately houses and their gardens. Paxton greatly expanded the gardens at Chatsworth, including the construction of a 277 foot long conservatory, Devonshire, himself a keen horticulturalist, was elected President of the Royal Horticultural Society in 1838, a position in which he served for twenty years until his death. It was this interest which led him to establish the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew as a botanic garden. The worlds most commercially exploited banana, the Cavendish, was named in his honour and he had acquired an early specimen, which he raised in his glasshouse, and this plant is the progenitor of almost all the worldwide varieties of Cavendish banana. Devonshire was also patron of The Derby Town and County Museum, in that position, he was instrumental in the creation of the Derby Museum and Art Gallery in 1836. Devonshire was a friend of the Prince Regent. Other friends included Antonio Canova and Charles Dickens, much of Devonshires private correspondence, including letters to his mistresses, was destroyed by his Victorian relatives. He intended to marry Lady Caroline Ponsonby, his cousin, but she married William Lamb, Devonshire died at Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire, in January 1858, aged 67 and left an estate valued at £500,000 in his will. As he was unmarried the dukedom passed to his cousin William Cavendish and his junior title of Baron Clifford fell into abeyance between his sisters, Georgiana, Countess of Carlisle, and Harriet, Countess Granville. James Lees-Milne, The Bachelor Duke, Life of William Spencer Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire, ISBN 0-7195-4920-5 Hansard 1803–2005, contributions in Parliament by the Duke of Devonshire
34.
Henry Currey (architect)
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Henry Currey was an English architect and surveyor. He was born in October 1820, the son of a solicitor, Benjamin Currey of Old Palace Yard. He married Emily Harriet Rugge-Price in Spring Grove, London on 2 April 1845, Emily, born in 1818 and two years Henrys senior, was the daughter of Sir Charles Rugge-Price. There were four children from the marriage, Annette, Charles, Henrietta and Percival, educated at Dr Pinckneys School at East Sheen and at Eton College, where he rowed in the school eight against Westminster, Currey was articled to the architect Decimus Burton for five years. He then worked for five years at the office of William Cubitt and Company of Grays Inn Road and he was also the architect and surveyor to Corams Foundling Hospital and to the Magdalen Hospital in London. He was a Fellow of the RIBA from 1856 and served as its vice-president in 1874–77 and he was also a fellow of the Surveyors Institute and an associate of the Institute of Civil Engineers. In 1859, he was appointed by the 7th Duke of Devonshire, the gables and dormer windows of many of the large houses in the same part of Eastbourne also bear witness to his style of architecture. Between 1874 and 1875, he designed the Winter Garden and Pavilion in Devonshire Park, nearby is the Devonshire Park Theatre, in Italianate style, a building which was influenced by his travels to Italy in the early 1860s. The Queens Hotel on Marine Parade was his largest single project in the town, the building took a mere 11 months to erect and opened for guests in June 1880. The hotel stands in a prominent position opposite the pier and enjoys views to Hastings. Between 1881 and 1883, he designed the Bedfordwell Pumping Station for the Eastbourne Waterworks Company, the yellow- and red-brick Classical-style building was listed at Grade II in March 2014. His Kentish ragstone and Bath Stone St Peters Church, again in the Lower Meads area of the town, was completed in 1895 in Early English Gothic Revival style and it was, however, made redundant and demolished in 1971. He died at his home, The Chestnuts, Lawrie Park, Sydenham on 23 November 1900 and was buried in West Norwood Cemetery
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