1.
University of Pittsburgh
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The University of Pittsburgh is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy and it developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, the university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania, Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC, Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a best value in higher education by several publications. Pitt students have access to arts programs throughout the campus and city. Pitts varsity athletic teams, collectively known as the Pittsburgh Panthers, compete in Division I of the NCAA, primarily as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U. S. west of the Allegheny Mountains, the school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the side of Third Street. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the schools 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, by the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislatures desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university and it was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon, graduated and later taught at WUP. The universitys buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh, classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way. Only four years later, in 1849, this also was destroyed by fire. Due to the nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the university time to regroup. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond streets, langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities, the university eventually found itself on a 10-acre site on the North Sides Observatory Hill at the location of its Allegheny Observatory
2.
John Gabbert Bowman
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John Gabbert Bowman was the tenth Chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh and the ninth President of the University of Iowa. He is best known for initiating and completing the 42-story Cathedral of Learning, at the time, it was the tallest educational structure in the world. He also established the University of Pittsburgh Press and oversaw the institution of controversial policies that resulted in the resignation in popular head football coach Jock Sutherland. Bowman was born in Davenport, Iowa and he married Florence Ridgway Berry and they had two children. He also worked as a journalist in Iowa and Illinois, taught in a one-room rural Iowa school, from Columbia, he worked at the newly founded Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. In 1915, he became the director of the American College of Surgeons. Bowman was the first University of Iowa alumnus to become its President and he earned the B. A. degree in 1899, the M. A. in 1904, and the Litt. D. in 1934. He became a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity as an undergraduate and he arrived on campus in 1921. Bowman resigned as chancellor from the University of Pittsburgh in 1945, the trustees named him President Honorarius and awarded him an honorary doctorate of laws. He died at age 85 on December 2,1962 in Bedford and he is mentioned in the book, Jewels in Your Crown, Mining the Treasures Within. Nationality Rooms of the University of Pittsburgh, with Ruth Crawford Mitchell and Andrey Avinoff, the John G. Bowman Papers are housed at the University of Iowa Special Collections & University Archives. The Chancellor Bowman Administrative Files are housed at the Archives Service Center at the University of Pittsburgh, pitt, The Story of the University of Pittsburgh 1787-1987. Geiger, Roger L. Iconic Leaders in Higher Education, Ohles, Frederik, Ohles, Shirley M. Ramsay, John G. Biographical Dictionary of Modern American Educators
3.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
4.
Pittsburgh
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Pittsburgh is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and is the county seat of Allegheny County. The city proper has a population of 304,391. The metropolitan population of 2,353,045 is the largest in both the Ohio Valley and Appalachia, the second-largest in Pennsylvania, and the 26th-largest in the U. S. The city features 30 skyscrapers, two inclines, a fortification and the Point State Park at the confluence of the rivers. Aside from steel, Pittsburgh has led in manufacturing of aluminum, glass, shipbuilding, petroleum, foods, sports, transportation, computing, autos, and electronics. For part of the 20th century, Pittsburgh was behind only New York and Chicago in corporate headquarters employment, Americas 1980s deindustrialization laid off area blue-collar workers and thousands of downtown white-collar workers when the longtime Pittsburgh-based world headquarters moved out. The area has served also as the federal agency headquarters for cyber defense, software engineering, robotics, energy research. The area is home to 68 colleges and universities, including research and development leaders Carnegie Mellon University, the region is a hub for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, sustainable energy, and energy extraction. Pittsburgh was named in 1758 by General John Forbes, in honor of British statesman William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. The current pronunciation, which is unusual in English speaking countries, is almost certainly a result of a printing error in some copies of the City Charter of March 18,1816. The error was repeated commonly enough throughout the rest of the 19th century that the pronunciation was lost. After a public campaign the original spelling was restored by the United States Board on Geographic Names in 1911. The area of the Ohio headwaters was long inhabited by the Shawnee, the first known European to enter the region was the French explorer/trader Robert de La Salle from Quebec during his 1669 expedition down the Ohio River. European pioneers, primarily Dutch, followed in the early 18th century, Michael Bezallion was the first to describe the forks of the Ohio in a 1717 manuscript, and later that year European fur traders established area posts and settlements. In 1749, French soldiers from Quebec launched an expedition to the forks to unite Canada with French Louisiana via the rivers, during 1753–54, the British hastily built Fort Prince George before a larger French force drove them off. The French built Fort Duquesne based on LaSalles 1669 claims, the French and Indian War, the North American front of the Seven Years War, began with the future Pittsburgh as its center. British General Edward Braddock was dispatched with Major George Washington as his aide to take Fort Duquesne, the British and colonial force were defeated at Braddocks Field. General John Forbes finally took the forks in 1758, Forbes began construction on Fort Pitt, named after William Pitt the Elder while the settlement was named Pittsborough
5.
University of Chicago Press
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The University of Chicago Press is the largest and one of the oldest university presses in the United States. One of its quasi-independent projects is the BiblioVault, a repository for scholarly books. The Press building is located just south of the Midway Plaisance on the University of Chicago campus, the University of Chicago Press was founded in 1891, making it one of the oldest continuously operating university presses in the United States. Its first published book was Robert F. Harpers Assyrian and Babylonian Letters Belonging to the Kouyunjik Collections of the British Museum, for its first three years, the Press was an entity discrete from the university, it was operated by the Boston publishing house D. C. Heath in conjunction with the Chicago printer R. R. Donnelley and this arrangement proved unworkable, however, and in 1894 the university officially assumed responsibility for the Press. In 1902, as part of the university, the Press started working on the Decennial Publications, composed of articles and monographs by scholars and administrators on the state of the university and its facultys research, the Decennial Publications was a radical reorganization of the Press. This allowed the Press, by 1905, to begin publishing books by scholars not of the University of Chicago. A manuscript editing and proofreading department was added to the staff of printers and typesetters, leading, in 1906. By 1931, the Press was an established, leading academic publisher, leading books of that era include Dr. Edgar J. Goodspeeds The New Testament, An American Translation and its successor, Goodspeed and J. M. In 1956, the Press first published books under its imprint. Of the Presss best-known books, most date from the 1950s, including translations of the Complete Greek Tragedies and Richmond Lattimores The Iliad of Homer. That decade also saw the first edition of A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, in 1966, Morris Philipson began his thirty-four-year tenure as director of the University of Chicago Press. As the Presss scholarly volume expanded, the Press also advanced as a trade publisher. In 1992, Norman Macleans books A River Runs Through It and Young Men and Fire were national best sellers, in 1982, Philipson was the first director of an academic press to win the Publisher Citation, one of PENs most prestigious awards. Paula Barker Duffy served as director of the Press from 2000 to 2007, under her administration, the Press expanded its distribution operations and created the Chicago Digital Distribution Center and BiblioVault. The Press also launched an electronic work, The Chicago Manual of Style Online. Garrett P. Kiely became the 15th director of the University of Chicago Press on September 1,2007, the Press publishes over 50 new trade titles per year, across many subject areas. It also publishes regional titles, such as The Encyclopedia of Chicago, the Press has recently expanded its digital offerings to include most newly published books as well as key backlist titles
6.
Book
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A book is a set of written, printed, illustrated, or blank sheets, made of paper, parchment, or other materials, fastened together to hinge at one side, with text and/or images printed in ink. A single sheet within a book is a leaf, and each side of a leaf is a page, a set of text-filled or illustrated pages produced in electronic format for reading on a computer screen, smartphone or e-reader device is known as an electronic book, or e-book. The term books may refer the body of works of literature. In library and information science, a book is called a monograph, to distinguish it from serial periodicals such as magazines, journals, in novels and sometimes other types of books, a book may be divided into several large sections, also called books. An avid reader or collector of books or a lover is a bibliophile or colloquially. A shop where books are bought and sold is a bookshop or bookstore, Books are also sold in some department stores, drugstores and newspaper vendors. Books can also be borrowed from libraries, google has estimated that as of 2010, approximately 130,000,000 distinct titles had been published. In some wealthier nations, printed books are giving way to the usage of electronic or e-books, the word book comes from Old English bōc, which in turn comes from the Germanic root *bōk-, cognate to beech. Similarly, in Slavic languages буква is cognate with beech, in Russian and in Serbian and Macedonian, the word букварь or буквар refers specifically to a primary school textbook that helps young children master the techniques of reading and writing. It is thus conjectured that the earliest Indo-European writings may have been carved on beech wood, similarly, the Latin word codex, meaning a book in the modern sense, originally meant block of wood. When writing systems were created in ancient civilizations, a variety of objects, such as stone, clay, tree bark, metal sheets, the study of such inscriptions forms a major part of history. The study of inscriptions is known as epigraphy, the Ancient Egyptians would often write on papyrus, a plant grown along the Nile River. At first the words were not separated from other and there was no punctuation. Texts were written right to left, left to right. The technical term for that last type of writing is boustrophedon, a tablet might be defined as a physically robust writing medium, suitable for casual transport and writing. See also stylus, the instrument used to write on a tablet, clay tablets were flattened and mostly dry pieces of clay that could be easily carried, and impressed with a stylus. They were used as a medium, especially for writing in cuneiform, throughout the Bronze Age. Tablets were used by traders to record sales of such as bushels of grain
7.
Pennsylvania
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Pennsylvania /ˌpɛnsᵻlˈveɪnjə/, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle, Pennsylvania is the 33rd largest, the 5th most populous, and the 9th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The states five most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown, Erie, the state capital, and its ninth-largest city, is Harrisburg. Pennsylvania has 140 miles of shoreline along Lake Erie and the Delaware Estuary. The state is one of the 13 original founding states of the United States, it came into being in 1681 as a result of a land grant to William Penn. Part of Pennsylvania, together with the present State of Delaware, had earlier been organized as the Colony of New Sweden and it was the second state to ratify the United States Constitution, on December 12,1787. Independence Hall, where the United States Declaration of Independence and United States Constitution were drafted, is located in the states largest city of Philadelphia, during the American Civil War, the Battle of Gettysburg, was fought in the south central region of the state. Valley Forge near Philadelphia was General Washingtons headquarters during the winter of 1777–78. Pennsylvania is 170 miles north to south and 283 miles east to west, of a total 46,055 square miles,44,817 square miles are land,490 square miles are inland waters, and 749 square miles are waters in Lake Erie. It is the 33rd largest state in the United States, Pennsylvania has 51 miles of coastline along Lake Erie and 57 miles of shoreline along the Delaware Estuary. Cities include Philadelphia, Reading, Lebanon and Lancaster in the southeast, Pittsburgh in the southwest, the tri-cities of Allentown, Bethlehem, the northeast includes the former anthracite coal mining communities of Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, Pittston City, and Hazleton. Erie is located in the northwest, the state has 5 regions, namely the Allegheny Plateau, Ridge and Valley, Atlantic Coastal Plain, Piedmont, and the Erie Plain. Straddling two major zones, the majority of the state, with the exception of the corner, has a humid continental climate. The largest city, Philadelphia, has characteristics of the humid subtropical climate that covers much of Delaware. Moving toward the interior of the state, the winter climate becomes colder, the number of cloudy days increase. Western areas of the state, particularly locations near Lake Erie, can receive over 100 inches of snowfall annually, the state may be subject to severe weather from spring through summer into fall. Tornadoes occur annually in the state, sometimes in large numbers, the Tuscarora Nation took up temporary residence in the central portion of Pennsylvania ca. Both the Dutch and the English claimed both sides of the Delaware River as part of their lands in America
8.
Drue Heinz Literature Prize
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The Drue Heinz Literature Prize is a major American literary award for short fiction in the English language. This prize of the University of Pittsburgh Press in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States was initiated in 1981 by Mrs. Drue Heinz and it has recognized and supported writers of short fiction and made their work available to readers around the world. The award is open to writers who have published a collection of fiction or at least three short stories or novellas in commercial magazines or literary journals. The prize carries a cash award of $15,000 and publication by the University of Pittsburgh Press, the winner is announced in February of each year. 20, The Best of the Drue Heinz Literature Prize, cS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list The Drue Heinz Literature Prize Homepage
9.
Out of This Furnace
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Out of This Furnace is a historical novel and the best-known work of the American writer Thomas Bell. It was first published in 1941 by Little, Brown and Company, the novel is set in Braddock, Pennsylvania, a steel town just east of Pittsburgh, along the Monongahela River. A common connection of struggle, poverty, and entire need of the characters of forces out of their control come together to tell a story of a depiction of a truly troubled group of people. Shared with unbearable financial adversity, the Slovaks nicknamed Hunkies were also exposed to discrimination by other Americans, the novels title refers to the central role of the steel mill in the familys life and in the history of the Pittsburgh region. The book quickly became a regional bestseller, by the 1980s, however, it found an even larger readership on American college campuses. The novel was adapted into a play by Andy Wolk, unseamd Shakespeare Company mounted successful productions of the play in 2008 and 2011. Demarest, David P. Jr. Domike, Steffi, out of This Furnace, A Walking Tour of Thomas Bells Novel. CS1 maint, Multiple names, authors list
10.
Point Breeze, Pittsburgh
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Point Breeze, or South Point Breeze, is a largely residential neighborhood in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. The community was named after a tavern located there. It is adjacent to the Pittsburgh neighborhoods of Regent Square, Squirrel Hill, Shadyside, and North Point Breeze, the most prominent feature of Point Breeze is Henry Clay Fricks Clayton, which is a part of the 5. 5-acre Frick Art & Historical Center. Nearby is St. Bede School, a Catholic school, and it is also the home to a popular Pittsburgh Public Schools elementary school, Linden Academy, the Sterrett Middle School, and the Reformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary. The neighborhood also hosts much open space, with Westinghouse Park, Mellon Park, the eastern edge of the neighborhood, north of Regent Square and east of Frick Park, comprises the neighborhood of Park Place. The Shady Side Academy Junior School sits here, as does Park Place Elementary School, pulitzer Prize winner Annie Dillards popular memoir, An American Childhood is set in Point Breeze during the 1950s. As a child she attended Park Place Elementary, both of John Edgar Widemans memoirs, Brothers and Keepers and Hoop Roots, use North Point Breezes Westinghouse Park as a setting, as well as in his fictional Homewood Trilogy. Although officially distinct neighborhoods separated by Penn Avenue, Point Breeze is also taken to include North Point Breeze. List of Pittsburgh neighborhoods Toker, Franklin
11.
Paul Mellon
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Paul Mellon was an American philanthropist and an owner/breeder of thoroughbred racehorses. He is one of five people ever designated an Exemplar of Racing by the National Museum of Racing. He was co-heir to one of Americas greatest business fortunes, derived from the Mellon Bank created by his grandfather Thomas Mellon, his father Andrew W. Mellon, Mellons autobiography, Reflections in a Silver Spoon, was published in 1992. He died at his home, Oak Spring, in Upperville, Virginia and he was survived by his wife, Rachel, his children, Catherine Conover and Timothy Mellon, and two stepchildren, Stacy Lloyd III and Eliza, Viscountess Moore. Paul Mellon was the son of Andrew W. Mellon, US Secretary of the Treasury from 1921 to 1932, and Nora McMullen of Hertfordshire and brother of Ailsa Mellon-Bruce. He was a benefactor of his alma maters, donating the Mellon Arts Center and the Mellon Science Center to Choate. After graduating from Yale he went to England to study at Clare College, Cambridge, receiving a BA in 1931, in 1930 he was a founding member, alongside Sir Timothy William Gowers, of the CRABS, the Clare Rugby And Boating Society. In 1938 he received an MA from Clare College and he was a major benefactor to Clare Colleges Forbes-Mellon library, opened in 1986. Mellon returned to Pittsburgh, to work for Mellon Bank and other businesses for six months, in 1935, he married Mary Conover Brown and the couple, who had two children, Catherine and Timothy, moved to Virginia. He enrolled at St. Johns College in Annapolis, Maryland in 1940 but six months later joined the United States Army, Mellon served with the Office of Strategic Services in Europe. He rose to the rank of major and was the recipient of four Bronze Stars, after his wife Marys death in 1946 from an asthma attack, he married Rachel Lambert Lloyd, known as Bunny, the former wife of Stacy Barcroft Lloyd Jr. She was a descendant of the Lambert family who formulated and marketed Listerine, Bunny Mellon was an avid horticulturist and gardener, whose fondness for French Impressionist and Post-Impressionist painting, as well as American art, Mellon came to share. By this marriage, he had two stepchildren, Stacy Lloyd III and Eliza Lambert Lloyd, while Mellon did not share his fathers interest in business, the two found common ground in their love of art and philanthropy. Shortly before Andrew Mellons death in 1937, construction began on the West Building of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, four years later Paul Mellon presented both the building by John Russell Pope and his fathers collection of 115 paintings to the nation. He served on the board for more than four decades, as trustee, as president, as board chair. Mellon commissioned I. M. Pei to build the East Building and, with his sister Ailsa, over the years he and his wife Bunny donated more than 1,000 works to the National Gallery, among them many French and American masterworks. In 1936 Mellon purchased his first British painting, Pumpkin with a Stable-lad by George Stubbs, beginning in the late 1950s, with the help of English art historian Basil Taylor, Mellon amassed a major collection by the mid-1960s. London art dealer Geoffrey Agnew once said of his acquisitions, “It took an American collector to make the English look again at their own paintings. ”Mellon granted his extensive collection of British art, rare books, and related materials to Yale University in the 1960s, along with the funding to create an appropriate museum to house it
12.
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
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It is the product of the 1969 merger of the Avalon Foundation and the Old Dominion Foundation. These foundations were set up separately by Paul Mellon and Ailsa Mellon-Bruce and it is housed in the expanded former offices of the Bollingen Foundation in New York City, another educational philanthropy supported by Paul Mellon. Earl Lewis is the Foundations president and his predecessors have included Don Randel, William G. Bowen, John Edward Sawyer and Nathan Pusey. Lewis is the former Provost of Emory University, in 2004, the Foundation was awarded the National Medal of Arts. Mellons endowment has fluctuated in the range of $5–6 billion in recent years, aluka ARTstor JSTOR Open Library of Humanities List of wealthiest charitable foundations The Andrew W. W. Mellon Educational and Charitable Trust Records at the Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh
13.
Oakland (Pittsburgh)
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Oakland is the academic and healthcare center of Pittsburgh and one of the citys major cultural centers. The neighborhood is home to three universities, museums, and hospitals, as well as an abundance of shopping, restaurants and it is also home to the locally designated Oakland Square Historic District. The Pittsburgh Fire Bureau has Fire Station No.14 on McKee Place, Oakland is officially divided into four neighborhoods, North Oakland, West Oakland, Central Oakland, and South Oakland. Each section has an identity, and offers its own flavor of venues. Oakland is Pittsburghs second most populated neighborhood with 22,210 residents, North Oakland can be loosely defined as the area of Oakland between Neville and Bouquet Streets, encompassing all of Craig Street and running north to Polish Hill. The Cathedral of Learning, the engineering or midsection of the University of Pittsburgh campus, rANDs Pittsburgh center is located in North Oakland as well as the long time RIDC business incubator on Henry Street. North Oakland is also home to the Schenley Farms Historic District and many mid-rise condominium, Central Oakland is bordered by Schenley Park, the Boulevard of the Allies, Fifth Avenue, and Halket Street. Many students at the University of Pittsburgh who decide to live off-campus reside in this neighborhood, many of its homes are historic masonry structures dating from the turn of the century. The area is sometimes mistakenly called South Oakland and its Main Business District runs along Forbes and Fifth Avenue, and contains a diversity of restaurants, retailers, and financial services. These businesses are organized by the Oakland Business Improvement District, smaller business districts in Central Oakland provide additional dining options along Atwood Street and Semple Street. It is also the location of the isolated and historic neighborhood of Panther Hollow which runs along Boundary Street in Junction Hollow as well as the Oakland Square Historic District. South Oakland runs along the Monongahela River and forms a shape between the Monongahela River, the Boulevard of the Allies, and the western bank of Junction Hollow. Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC and the Pittsburgh Technology Center are major landmarks of this neighborhood, the neighborhood is split between a riverfront flood plain to the southwest and a plateau to the northeast. The plateau is divided into two residential areas which are separated from one another by Bates Street, which runs up a valley from the flood plain to the plateau. The residents of the neighborhood on the side of Bates Avenue self-identify their neighborhood as Oakcliffe. It is important to note that some residents of Central Oakland misidentify that neighborhood as being part of South Oakland, in other words, the border between Central Oakland and South Oakland is much further south than is believed by some residents. The area between Forbes Avenue and Boulevard of the Allies is officially part of Central Oakland. South Oakland can be reputed to be a student neighborhood, but in fact, South Oakland was the childhood home of Andy Warhol, and later the residence of fellow pop artist Keith Haring
14.
Hillman Library
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Hillman Library is the largest library and the center of administration for the University Library System of the University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The University Library System is the University of Pittsburghs largest library organization and is administered by the Hillman University Librarian and Director, the libraries on the Universitys four regional campuses at Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville also belong to the ULS. The ULS has been commended for its use of technology, including the digitization of its unique collection, duane Webster, executive director emeritus of the Association of Research Libraries, notes that the ULS has transformed not only schools library but also the future of research libraries. The ULS has also noted for its publication of new digital content in its D-Scribe Digital Publishing program. The ULS partners with other University of Pittsburgh libraries including the Barco Law Library, the ULS shares a single online system with these partner libraries, collaborates with them to provide facilitated access to all collections, and cooperates on other projects to serve the University. Hillman Library was built on land that had bordered Forbes Field and was donated in the 1950s to Pitt by coal magnate John H. Hillman, Jr. When Forbes Field was razed in 1971, three buildings were planned as a cluster for the site, Wesley W. Posvar Hall, David L. Lawrence Hall. Design of Hillman Library was led by Celli-Flynn and Associates who served as coordinating architects, kuhn, Newcomer & Valentour served as associated architects with Harrison & Abramovitz acting as consulting architects to the university. Dolores Miller and Associates consulted on the design, and Keyes Metcalf served as a library consultant. Construction began in June 1965, and the library opened on January 8,1968 and it is named for John H. Hillman, Jr. Both the Hillman family and the Hillman Foundation gave millions toward its construction, the interior was modeled on the style of Mies van der Rohe with warm teak and black-metal framing. Floor-to-ceiling windows that were placed at a bay window angle in order to be inconspicuous on the surface of the outer wall while still providing light. With five floors, seating for 1,539 students, and holding 1.9 million volumes, in addition, in the Fall of 2013, the library expanded its hours so that it will be open around the clock from Sunday morning to Friday night. It also contains over 200 computer stations, a capacity for 1500 users, and houses various special collections, themed rooms. $12.9 million in renovations to Hillman was approved in July,2013. Hillman Library contains many different collections and reading spaces, among them are, Specialized named rooms include the A. J. Schneider Reading Room, the Amy E. Knapp Room, the K. Leroy Irvis Room, the Latin American Reading Room, and the Thornburgh Room. The family also created the A. J. Schneider Studio Arts Award which for Pitt studio art students, winning entries from an annual student art exhibition are displayed in the reading room for a one-year period. The room features a plaque and portrait etching in honor of Knapp, in addition to the room, the Dr. Amy E. Knapp Award was also created to recognize individuals service to ULS and the community
15.
D-Scribe Digital Publishing
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D-Scribe Digital Publishing is an open access electronic publishing program of the University Library System of the University of Pittsburgh. It comprises over 100 thematic collections that together contain over 100,000 digital objects, the following is a selection of the more prominent or larger collections available online. A full-text digitized presentation of over 140 historic books in the 16,000 volume Neitz Old Textbook Collection, the textbooks date from the 19th century and are fully searchable. Nearly 30 universities throughout Europe and America contribute content to the AEI, the AEI collects both independently produced research materials and official European Community/European Union documents. C. was donated to the University of Pittsburgh. In 2007, along with the five set of Audubons Ornithological Biography. The Darlington Digital Library contains digitized materials from the Darlington Memorial Library, the Library is a major collection related to American history, particularly colonial American history in Western Pennsylvania. Digitized items included vintage atlases, books, broadsides, images, manuscripts, former Pennsylvania governor and United States Attorney General Dick Thornburgh donated his personal papers to the University of Pittsburgh in 1998. A digitized collection of manuscripts, maps, images. This digital collection includes digitized historical resources on the history of Western Pennsylvania including texts, videos, maps, images, census records, and archival finding aids. Included are over 25,000 images from multiple photographic collections that originated from a project funded by the Institute of Museum and Library Services. The full sketchbook was digitized in Oxford in 2005, with the original stored in a vault at the University of Pittsburgh, D-Scribe includes many other collections of materials and photographs. Major themes include Asian studies, labor and socialist movement, philosophy, atlases, the Carnegie Museum of Art Collection of Photographs, also included are photo archives from various conferences and industries. The ULS has digitized a variety of titles and artwork held in the universitys East Asian Library and these include the Barry Rosensteel Japanese Print Collection, Tsukioka Kōgyo, The Art of Noh, 1869-1927, and Modern China Studies. Shortly after the close of the exhibit in April 2009, the University Library System, digitized repositories of Pittsburgh labor and socialist movements include the A. E. A digitized collection of postcards dealing with the 1933 Worlds Fair in Chicago, World War II Allied and Nazi leadership propaganda, the ULS has digitized portions of the collected paper of prominent philosophers, including Frank P. Ramsey and Wilfrid Sellars. The D-Scribe Publishing Program has also developed several electronic archives and repositories and these repositories have been developed using Open Access principles, meaning that scholarly content is online, freely available, and immediately accessible to a global audience. The content for these archives is drawn from a variety of sources including digitization of ULS print collections, metadata for each item published in the repository is searchable through search tools such as Google and Yahoo. Through this program, the ULS works with partners around the world to publish peer-reviewed and these services are offered free of charge in an effort to incentivize academic journal editors to publish their research results through free and Open Access for researchers worldwide
16.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
17.
Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences
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In addition, the School of Arts and Sciences educates 15% of the University’s graduate and graduate professional students, making it the largest graduate program in the Pittsburgh area. Thus the SAS began its life as a school, presumably in a log cabin, in what is now downtown Pittsburgh. The school was established on the principles of teaching the rudiments of the six of the Scottish universities. Within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, the school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania. By the 1830s, the school faced financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislatures desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly ended the university, similar pressure to abandon the liberal arts focus of the school occurred again between 1902 and 1908 when industrial development in the region was attracting more students to technical trades. Out of the school, which by then was often referred to as the College, came the genesis for some of the other schools, such as the School of Engineering. With the formal separation from the school of engineering, the became known as the College of Liberal Arts. Several of the departments, like mathematics and chemistry, have an unbroken line of professors from the Pittsburgh Academy. Courses such as astronomy, chemistry, English, mathematic, modern languages, on September 22,2011, it was announced that an alumnus of the schools Department of Political Science, William S. The schools current dean is Norman John Cooper, the School of Arts and Sciences graduate programs offer MA, MS, MFA, and PhD programs in 34 concentrations, as well as a wide range of interdisciplinary programs. *also available as a minor Certificate programs allow students to complete an area of study in addition to their major. Certificates typically require 18-24 credits, are noted the students transcript upon graduation, certificates can also be obtained from the University Center for International Studies. Many of the programs offered within the School of Arts and Sciences are considered among the best in the nation
18.
University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine
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The University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine is the dental school of the University of Pittsburgh. It is located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States and it is one of Pitt’s six schools of the health sciences and one of several dental schools in Pennsylvania. It is closely affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, the School of Dental Medicine accepted 3. 6% of applicants for the class of 2016, a record low for the schools entire history. Located in Salk Hall on Pitt’s campus, the School of Dental Medicine is widely recognized for excellence in education, service, each year, between 70 and 80 students graduate from Pitt’s D. M. D. Admission into the School of Dental Medicine is highly competitive, eighty incoming students were accepted out of 2,200 applications submitted. Total mean college GPA of incoming students in 2010 was 3.61, Dr. Thomas W. Braun is the School of Dental Medicine’s current dean, a post that he has held since 2000. The School of Dental Medicine welcomed its first class of 119 freshmen that September, the school grew quickly and moved into increasingly larger facilities. Under the leadership of Dean H, by the 1920s, the dental school was reported to be, for at least a time, the largest in the world. The School of Dental Medicine has occupied its current space in Salk Hall, noteworthy events in School of Dental Medicine history, The Pittsburgh Dental College admitted its first female student, Ms. Mary L. Glenn, in 1898. In 2008-09,34 percent of the students in the School of Dental Medicine’s entering freshman class were women, the School of Dentistry awarded its first masters degree in dentistry to Nora E. Murry in 1935. The School of Dental Medicine now awards advanced degrees in 10 different disciplines, in 1963, the school graduated its first class of dental assistants. Pitt’s dental hygiene program is the only program in the state of Pennsylvania that is part of a major university and accredited dental school. In 1965, five of the dental school’s chairs were dedicated to the treatment of children with disabilities, today, the School of Dental Medicine bears the reputation of leadership and innovation in treatment of patients with special needs. The Doctor of Dental Medicine degree replaced the Doctor of Dental Surgery degree in 1967, the School of Dental Medicine is committed to conducting groundbreaking research that advances scientific knowledge and leads to novel approaches to dental care. For fiscal year 2008, the school was ranked 13th in research funding by the National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research, the Dean’s Summer Research Scholarship supports a three-month summer research experience to three incoming first professional dental students each year. Also, the annual research symposium showcases student work in scientific investigation. Students practice their craft on mannequins linked to computers that facilitate evaluation by instructors, new, state-of-the-art clinical facilities include the Multidisciplinary Implant Center and the Center for Patients with Special Needs. Lecture Facilities, The recently renovated facilities in Salk Hall include comfortable seating
19.
University of Pittsburgh School of Education
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As of the 2006-2007 academic year, the student body consisted of 450 full-time and 514 part-time students. The school is currently ranked 23rd in graduate education according to U. S. News & World Report, as of 2005, $15.5 million in funded research was undertaken in the school. However, plans were disrupted by an 1894 fire that destroyed the Universitys facilities, the current School of Education grew out of the Department of Psychology and Education established in 1904. Edmund Burke Huey helped in founding the department, and that year, the trustees of the University adopted a plan on February 3,1910, for the organization of the school. The first term of the School of Education began on September 26,1910, will Grant Chambers, who replaced Huey who had left the university to pursue research on mental retardation, served as its first dean and head professor. Through the four departments of the School of Education, the school offers five degrees,64 graduate degrees,29 certificate programs
20.
Fanny Edel Falk Laboratory School
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The Fanny Edel Falk Laboratory School, or simply the Falk School, is a private kindergarten through eighth grade laboratory school of the University of Pittsburgh. It is located on the University of Pittsburghs upper campus on Allequippa St. Pittsburgh, Falk Laboratory School was established in 1930 under a charter agreement between the University of Pittsburgh and benefactors Leon Falk Jr. and his sister, Marjorie Falk Levy. The school was named in honor of Leon and Marjories mother and it features individual, experiential, and inquiry based instruction and develops and refines its own curriculum. Originally chartered as an experimental school for demonstration purposes, Falk Schools charter was amended in 1946 to include practice teaching as one of the schools functions. It is the only laboratory school to have a legal charter that stipulates its purposes. Over the years the faculty added to the original functions to incorporate educational research. Teachers are in charge of, and responsible for, developing their own curricula, the Falk School opened on September 14,1931 with 78 enrolled children, a principal, seven full-time teachers, and a part-time teacher from the Department of Physical Education. The school at first was placed in temporary quarters in the Stephens house of the university until its own dedicated facility opened a few weeks later, martin P. Chworowsky served as its original director. Falk School facility had a capacity for 155 children and included a nursery, kindergarten. It originally admitted children from two and one-half to twelve years of age, a health program was directed by the Womens Medical Adviser of the University of Pittsburgh. The three lower grades had sessions between 9am and noon, while the upper grades met from 9am to 3, 15pm, by the end of Falk Schools sixth year, it expanded to eight grades with full training for high school. Ongoing expansion and renovations are due to increase the current enrollment of 275 students to 410 by the 2009-2010 school year, tuition for Falk School was originally $200 a year for lower grades and $275 a year for upper grades. Current tuition for 2015-2016 is $13,990 per year, a Tudor-style gray stone school house with Old English slate shingle roof, the Falk School building was designed by Janssen and Cocken and built in 1931 at an original cost of $200,000. The building was designed to initially accommodate 155 students in its eight classrooms, expansion of the Falk School, from the 28, 000-square-foot facility to a 65, 000-square-foot facility occurred in 2008 and renovations of the original building were completed in 2009. The outdoor play area was relocated to the west side of the building, the front facade of the new addition is designed to match the stone finish of the old building with a circular drive to enhance student safety during drop-off and pick-up. The back of the building has a modern look with red siding. The back also has two terraces and a sidewalk for easy access to the renovated ground-level play spaces. The new addition was completed in 2009, the Head of School of Falk Laboratory School is a Department Chair in the University of Pittsburghs School of Education and the Chair of the Falk School Board is the School of Educations Dean
21.
Swanson School of Engineering
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The Swanson School of Engineering is the engineering school of the University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1846, The Swanson School of Engineering is the second or third oldest in the United States, the first graduates in these engineering subjects were Isaac Morley and J. B. Separate degree programs in mechanical and civil engineering were announced in 1868, the school was the universitys response to the years surrounding the Civil War that transformed Pittsburghs industrial base from regional to international. By 1868, specialized degrees in civil and mechanical engineering were initiated, with mining engineering following in 1869, in 1909, the Metallurgical Engineering department was established, followed by the chemical engineering department and the worlds first petroleum engineering department in 1910. Also that year, one of the nations first undergraduate cooperative education programs was created, the Swanson School of Engineering is also the home of one of the nations first industrial engineering departments, established in 1921. In 2007 the school was renamed to the Swanson School of Engineering after John A. Swanson, founder of the software firm, ANSYS. Nine individuals have served in the position of the Dean of the School of Engineering over its history, comprising more than 70 faculty members and 200 students and postdocs, the center was scheduled to be housed on a floor of Benedum Hall undergoing a $15 million renovation. The center was created in 2008 to bring together energy innovators across a range of engineering and it also sought to develop stronger collaborations with energy industry partners in the Western Pennsylvania. In February,2012, the center announced it had received a $22 million grant from the Richard King Mellon Foundation, erik Buell — — Engineer, founder and chairman of Buell Motorcycle Company - subsidiary of Harley-Davidson. John Choma— — Professor and Chair of Electrical Engineering-Electrophysics at the University of Southern California, bob Colwell — — electrical engineer who was the chief architect on the Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, and Pentium 4 microprocessors. Reginald Fessenden — — inventor and sonar pioneer who developed insulation for wires, built first wireless telephone. Winner of the John Fritz Medal in engineering, department of Industrial Engineerings Manufacturing Assistance Center Fitterer, George Raymond, Palucka, Tim. A history of the University of Pittsburgh School of Engineering 1846-2004, homepage of the Swanson School of Engineering Center for Energy Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation
22.
Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business
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The Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business is the graduate business school of the University of Pittsburgh located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was renamed in 1987 after businessman and university alumnus benefactor Joseph Katz, the school offers a traditional, accelerated, part-time, and executive Master of Business Administration degrees as well as Master of Science in Accounting and several PhD programs in business. Katz is part of Pitt Business, which refers to the capacity of Katz and the College of Business Administration. The Katz School tracings its beginnings to the introduction of education to the university in 1907 as the Evening School of Economics, Accounts. Classes met in the Fulton Building on Sixth Street in Pittsburgh, three years later in 1910, the School of Economics was formally set up on Pitts Oakland campus. In 1916, the school one of the 17 founding members of the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business. By 1923 the school was renamed again, this time as the School of Business Administration, in 1949, it became only the third school in the United States to offer executive management training programs. The Graduate School of Business came into existence in 1960 out of a merger with the School of Business Administration and Graduate School of Retailing. Marshall A. Robinson was assigned as dean of the new school and that same year, the school launched its first doctoral program as well. In 1963, the school offering a one-year MBA program. It was one of the first business schools to offer an MBA, for much of the 1960s, business classes were held in the Cathedral of Learning and Bruce Hall. In 1972, Lou Mervis and wife Myra established a trust fund for Pitts Graduate School of Business with a $2 million donation, in their honor, the building now known as Thackeray Hall was named after them and dedicated as home of the business school. In 1983, a new building was built to house the school. In 1987, the school was renamed after Joseph Katz, Pitt alumnus and founder of Papercraft Corporation. In the 1990s Katz became the first US institution to offer an MBA in Central Europe, the Katz Graduate School of Business now oversees the administration of the undergraduate College of Business Administration. In 2015, Arjang A. Assad was named the dean of Katz Katz is housed in Mervis Hall, Katz two-year students start in August and graduate 20 months later in April. Entrance statistics for the Full-Time Incoming Class of 2014 included 82 students with a 3.34 average grade point average, a 625 average GMAT score, the MBA curriculum is divided into two types of courses, Core courses and elective courses. Core courses are required of all MBA students and are intended to provide students with the breadth of knowledge to build a business foundation
23.
University of Pittsburgh Honors College
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Arising out of the University Honors Program founded in 1978, it transitioned into a college formally dedicated in 1987. In addition, students are provided with specialized advising and honors housing opportunities, although not established as a college of the university until 1987, the University Honors College has its modern origins in the University Honors Program, which began in 1978. The honors program was spearheaded by physics professor G, alec Stewart, who was appointed to head the program in 1977 and oversaw its opening in January 1978. With the colleges dedication, Stewart was installed as its first dean, Stewart served as the dean of the college until his death in 2010. Economics professor Steven Husted was named interim dean while the university conducted a search for Stewarts permanent successor, on May 16,2011, Pitt named Distinguished Professor of Neuroscience Edward M. Stricker as the new dean of the honors college. Other continuing students not meeting such requirements may still gain special permission to take UHC classes, specialized honors Living Learning Community housing is provided for students taking UHC-offered courses in the same residence halls. Honors student housing was first established in the fall of 1998 in the newly opened Forbes-Craig Apartments, IN the fall of 2011, it moved to its current location in the west wing of Sutherland Hall, and houses 408 first-year honors students. The Honors College added another 200 beds by establishing Brackenridge Hall as an honors dormitory in the fall of 2012. The University of Pittsburgh Honors College offers between 70 and 80 undergraduate courses each year, from introductory courses to upper-level seminars, the UHC focuses on providing small class sizes, and faculty who must present detailed course proposals before teaching classes. This is done to ensure that UHC courses continue to focus on examination of course material rather than accelerated programs which would cover more ground. The University Honors College offers students the opportunity to earn the Bachelor of Philosophy degree in their major, the University Honors College has had the authority to award such a degree since 1987. Other publications include Pitt Political Review and the Pittsburgh Undergraduate Review, the Pittsburgh Undergraduate Review is a multi-disciplinary, undergraduate, refereed academic journal published by the Honors College. Founded in 1980, it is published annually, with recent issues available online, the journal publishes original, scholarly research articles authored by undergraduate students. Submission of articles is open to students at any institution throughout the world, the majority of submissions involve topics in the humanities, arts, and social sciences. The journals thorough refereeing process is modeled on that utilized by professional academic journals, the National Collegiate Honors Council supported the journals founding, which at the time was the first peer-reviewed undergraduate academic journal in the country. The Council also helped to establish the Edythe Portz Prize, which rewards each years best overall submission, the journal was recognized by the New York Times in 2001. The University Honors College is housed on the 35th and 36th floors of the Cathedral of Learning, the location of the honors college near the top of the Cathedral of Learning affords students and visitors with large vistas of the campus and surrounding city. In 2002-2003, a renovation to the Honors Colleges space was completed by Rothschild Doyno Collaborative of Pittsburghs Strip District, the four-leaf medieval quatrefoil medallion at the top of the Cathedral is a central motif in the design of Honors College
24.
University of Pittsburgh School of Law
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The University of Pittsburgh School of Law was founded in 1895. It became a member of the Association of American Law Schools in 1900. Its primary home facility is the Barco Law Building, the school offers four degrees, Master of Studies in Law, Juris Doctor, Master of Laws for international students, and the Doctor of Juridical Science. The school offers several international programs, operates a variety of clinics. According to University of Pittsburgh School of Laws 2015 ABA-required disclosures,68. 4% of the Class of 2015 obtained full-time, long-term, the law department was founded in 1843 and is one of 17 schools constituting the University of Pittsburgh. The first four law degrees were conferred in 1847 and this, along with the fires that destroyed many of the universitys facilities and resources, disrupted the development of the School of Law. Although various attempts were made to reestablish law instruction beginning in 1862, the university at that time was named the Western University of Pennsylvania, but despite this, the law school was originally named the Pittsburgh Law School, a name it held until 1918. The Pittsburgh Law School became a member of the Association of American Law Schools in 1900. The first classes in the established school were conducted in the orphans court rooms in the old Allegheny County courthouse. In 1897, the moved into the old university building at Ross. The school moved again in 1919-20 to the floor of the Chamber of Commerce building. In 1936 the School of Law moved in its entirety to the 14-16 floors of the Cathedral of Learning on the campus of the university located in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh. The School of Law moved into their own dedicated facility, the Barco Law Building, today, Pitts Law School faculty has been ranked 21st in the nation based on a standard objective measure of scholarly impact. Pitt Law is currently ranked 78th out of 184 in U. S. News & World Reports rankings of Americas top law schools and is listed among the Best Law Schools by The Princeton Review. Pitt Law is also one of 80 law schools with membership in the Order of the Coif, Barco Law Building - Pitt Law School is housed in the six-story Barco Law Building on Forbes Avenue, located on the main campus of the University of Pittsburgh. Barco Law Library - The Law Library is housed on the third, fourth and it is used primarily by trial tactics classes and by the growing number of moot court programs. It is equipped to handle special sessions of the Commonwealth and Federal Appellate Courts, other design features of the Law Building include a pedestrian bridge connecting the School of Law with Litchfield Towers dormitories, Lawrence Hall, and Wesley W. Posvar Hall. The J. D. is the degree to practice law in most of the United States
25.
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
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The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is a medical school located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The School of Medicine, also known as Pitt Med, is ranked as a Top Medical School by U. S. News & World Report in both research and primary care. UPSOM is currently ranked 15th in the category of research by U. S. News and is separately ranked 11th in the Academic Ranking of World Universities list of best medical schools in the world, Pitt med is a national leader in biomedical research. Admission to the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is highly competitive, in 2016,5,872 people applied and 847 were interviewed for 148 positions in the medical schools entering class. The School of Medicine is closely affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, in 2016, for the 17th time in recent years, UPMC appears on the U. S. News and World Report Honor Roll of Americans Best Hospitals. Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC is ranked seventh overall and ranked in nine of 10 pediatric specialties included in the magazine’s survey, the School of Medicine is one of sixteen schools that comprise the University of Pittsburgh and is located in the Oakland neighborhood of the city of Pittsburgh. Chartered on June 4,1883, as the Western Pennsylvania Medical College, whole-time instructors of modern training and ideals have been secured. A new building is in the process of erection. ”Flexner went on to cite the School as an example of what could be accomplished through sound University Management, for the next four decades the School continued to evolve. At the end of World War II, active planning for a change was initiated with the encouragement and assistance of the Mellons. The University accepted the University Health Center concept and, in 1953, plans were made to house the Schools of Medicine, Dental Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy in a new building contiguous to the principal teaching hospitals and the Graduate School of Public Health. To generate the necessary capital, the University planned a fund drive to raise an endowment, the new building, Scaife Hall, was completed in 1956 and recruitment of additional full-time faculty was begun. With increased facilities and faculty, the School of Medicine began to be recognized as a center for research in a number of areas. In turn, the faculty of the School of Medicine attracted appreciable support for research and training from the National Institutes of Health, the School of Medicine has the following 31 departments, The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine is accredited by the Liaison Council on Medical Education. The residency programs of the school are accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. The doctor of medicine program is a full-time four-year program providing a professional education that prepares students to pursue any career option in medicine. The clinical years are characterized by an integrated clerkship structure and an emphasis on student flexibility, scheduled instructional time in the first two years of the curriculum is apportioned approximately as one-third lecture, one-third small group learning, and one-third activities. Patient focus in the curriculum begins on day one, in the introduction to being a physician course, Medical interviewing and physical examination courses follow, along with exercises examining the many facets of physician life—in society, ethical settings, and at the patient bedside. Throughout the first two years, students apply their new skills in local practices and hospitals one afternoon per week, the basic science block runs through three-fourths of the first year and provides language and concepts that underlie the scientific basis of medical practice
26.
University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing
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The University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing is the nursing school of the University of Pittsburgh, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Founded on April 6,1939, Pitts School of Nursing was officially separated from the School of Medicine and became an independent, Ruth Perkins Kuehn served as the schools first dean and become the first nursing school dean in the country to earn a doctoral degree. Pitts School of Nursing is currently ranked 5th in the according to U. S. News & World Report. A pin designed by Dean Ruth Perkins Kuehn, the pin is based on the seal of the university from 1937 until the mid-1970s bearing a candle motif. The traditional ceremony, begun in 1943, marks the culmination of the undergraduate programs. This ceremony includes the Passing of the Light ritual representing the graduates commitment to the ideals of excellence in nursing practice. The student with the highest academic standing is designated as Keeper of the Light, the School of Nursing is ranked fifth in the nation overall according to the latest rankings in U. S. News & World Reports Best Graduate Schools. The schools on-line graduate program is ranked ninth in the nation by US News, the school is also ranked third in the number of research grants from the National Institute of Health and in the top ten in the amount of funding received. The School of Nursing was originally scattered over five locations throughout the Oakland campus of the university, the Victoria Building was formally dedicated on October 18,1978 A Nursing Living Learning Community is located in the Lothrop Hall residence hall across the street from the Victoria Building. The History of the University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 1939-1991
27.
University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy
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The University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy is the graduate pharmacy school of the University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1878, it offers Doctor of Pharmacy and Doctor of Philosophy degrees, the school is one of the universitys six schools of the health sciences and is ranked in the top 10 of pharmacy schools according to U. S. News & World Report. The University of Pittsburghs School of Pharmacy was chartered on September 23,1878, in 1908, The Pittsburgh College of Pharmacy purchased and merged the Scio College of Pharmacy, formerly located in Scio, Ohio, and adopted its alumni. The primary educational tracks at the School of Pharmacy are its four year PharmD program, the School of Pharmacy also offers a residency program for pharmacy and specialized in conjunction with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, the UPMC Health Plan, CVS Caremark, and Rite Aid. The School of Pharmacy research endeavors range from molecular genetics to human clinical research, the school is a major center for pharmaceutical research as evidenced by its consist ranking among the top schools of pharmacy in research funding received from the National Institutes of Health. Research centers within the School of Pharmacy include the Center for Pharmacogenetics, the Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research, through its collaboration with UPMC, School of Pharmacy faculty members also lead the combined Pittsburgh Poison and Drug Information Center. The School of Pharmacy is composed of three units, the Office of the Dean, the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and the Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics. Instruction for the professional and graduate courses in the School of Pharmacy occurs mainly in Salk Hall, in shared classrooms, Research laboratories are located on the fifth through eighth floors and the tenth floor of Salk Hall. The ninth and eleventh floors house faculty and administrative offices exclusively, faculty members also have laboratory facilities in the Biomedical Science Tower 3 as part of the Drug Discovery Institute. Off-site faculty and staff offices are located in the Birmingham Towers on the South Side. Collectively, these provide a comprehensive center for teaching, patient care. The School also operates the Elmer H. Grimm Sr. Pharmacy Museum, located on the fourth floor of Salk Hall, the museum holds pharmacy memorabilia such as drug products, equipment, and sundry products dating back to the early 20th century
28.
University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work
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The University of Pittsburgh School of Social Work, one of the 13 schools and colleges within the University of Pittsburgh, is located in the Oakland section of Pittsburgh, PA. Its offices are in the world famous Cathedral of Learning, a forty-story, gothic-style, the School of Social Work offers bachelor’s master’s and doctoral degrees in social work. The master’s program at the School is ranked 10th in the according to the US News. The School’s doctoral program Social Work was created in 1945 and is the second oldest social work program in the nation. The School of Social Work at the University of Pittsburgh was formed in 1918 as a division of the University’s School of Economics, the AASPSW was a predecessor to the Council on Social Work Education, the current accreditor of academic social work programs. Early curricular emphases were child welfare, mental health, and community building, in 1922, the University withdrew its social work program from the AASPSW. Though social work continued to be offered, the formal social work program was disbanded. In 1926, Manuel Conrad Elmer was recruited from the University of Minnesota as chair of the Department of Sociology at the University of Pittsburgh. Elmer, who received one of the first doctorates in sociology from the University of Chicago, was instrumental in building and developing the Sociology Department at the University of Pittsburgh, Elmer was also committed to rebuilding the social work program at the University of Pittsburgh. In 1928, course listings in social work reappeared, in 1931, the Division of Social Work was created as a separate unit within the Department of Sociology. Students in that era earned a Master of Arts in Social Work, in 1932, the University began the process of having its accreditation reinstated by the AASPSW, a request made formally in January 1933. In July 1933, Dr. Marion Hathway was recruited by Elmer from the University of Chicago as an assistant professor. In 1934, Dr. Hathway was given the title “Assistant Director of the Division of Social Work. ”Also in 1934, at that time, the program had an unduplicated enrollment of 252 students. In 1937, the AASPSW granted the University full accreditation of its work program retroactively to 1934. In 1938, the University of Pittsburgh created the School of Applied Social Sciences as the University’s 18th separate school, newstetter became the new school’s first dean in 1938 and served until 1962. For the remainder of this article, the work program will be referred to as “the School. Newstetter, a contributor to the formation of this field of specialization in social work. Also during the 1940s, Dr. Hathway spearheaded the creation of a program, secured University approval
29.
Center for Philosophy of Science
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The Center for Philosophy of Science is an academic center located at the University of Pittsburgh in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania dedicated to research in the philosophy of science. The Center was founded by Adolf Grünbaum in 1960, the current Director of the Center is Edouard Machery. Throughout its history, the Center has been associated with a number of individuals from philosophy of science. The Centers inaugural Annual Lecture Series included lectures from the noted philosophers Paul K. Feyerabend, Adolf Grünbaum, Carl Gustav Hempel, Ernest Nagel, Michael Scriven, and Wilfrid Sellars. Later Annual Lecture Series participants include Herbert Feigl, Norwood Russell Hanson, Philip Morrison, Hilary Putnam, nobel Prize–winning economist Alvin E. Roth once served as a fellow in the center. Currently, the Center hosts the Visiting Fellows Program, the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, the Senior Visiting Fellows program, additionally, every four years the Center hosts the International Fellows Conference for current and former fellows. In conjunction with the University Library System, the Center created and operates philsci-archive. pitt. edu, in 2016, John D. Norton stepped down after a ten year tenure as the Director of the Center. The current Director is Edouard Machery
