Urban vitality
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Urban vitality is the quality of spaces in cities that attracts diverse groups of people for a range of activities at different times of the day. Such spaces are often perceived as being alive, lively
The Plaça Reial of Barcelona has a high vitality, with pedestrian spaces and a variety of establishments in its vicinity.
Comparatively, Plaça dels Països Catalans has a low vitality, with fewer establishments and large, surrounding streets which inhibit pedestrian movement.
15-minute city
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The 15-minute city is an urban planning concept in which most daily necessities and services – such as work, shopping, education, healthcare and leisure – can be easily reached by a 15-minute walk, bi
Urban vitality
…viability, including the presence of urban green spaces, air quality, noise control, sustainable resource management and adaptation to climate change. 15-minute city Accessibility…
People walking and cycling in Paris, France. The concept of 15-minute cities gained traction after being advocated by Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo.
The 15-minute city was influenced by cities such as Paris, in which a range of amenities tend to be within walking distance.
Example of bike lane in Paris
“No 15 minute cities” graffiti in Hertfordshire, England, March 2025