Uther Pendragon known as King Uther, is a legendary king of sub-Roman Britain and the father of King Arthur. A few minor references to Uther appear in Old Welsh poems, but his biography was first written down by Geoffrey of Monmouth in his Historia Regum Britanniae, Geoffrey's account of the character was used in most versions, he is a ambiguous individual throughout the literature, but is described as a strong king and a defender of the people. According to Arthurian legend, Merlin magically disguises Uther to look like his enemy Gorlois, enabling Uther to sleep with Gorlois' wife Lady Igraine, thus Arthur, "the once and future king", is an illegitimate child. This act of conception occurs the night that Uther's troops dispatch Gorlois; the theme of illegitimate conception is repeated in Arthur's siring of Mordred by his own half-sister Morgause in the 13th century ad French prose cycles, invented by them. Uther's epithet Pendragon means "Chief-Dragon" or "Head-Dragon", but in a figurative sense, "chief leader", "chief of warriors", "commander-in-chief", "generalissimo", or "chief governor".

The name was misinterpreted by Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae to mean "dragon's head". According to Geoffrey and works based on his version, Uther acquired the epithet when he witnessed a portentous dragon-shaped comet, which inspired him to use dragons on his standards. According to Robert de Boron and the cycles based on his work, it was Uther's older brother who saw the comet and received the name "Pendragon", Uther taking his epithet after his death. Though the Welsh tradition of the Arthurian legend is fragmentary, some material exists through the Welsh Triads and various poems. Uther appears in these fragments, where he is associated with Arthur and, in some cases appears as his father, he is mentioned in the circa-10th-century Arthurian poem "Pa gur yv y porthaur?", where it is only said of him that Mabon son of Modron is his servant. He is memorialised with "The Death-song of Uther Pen" from the Book of Taliesin; the latter includes a reference to Arthur, so the marginal addition of "dragon" to Uther's name is justified.

"The Colloquy of Arthur and the Eagle," a modern manuscript from the 16th century but believed to have originated from the 13th century, mentions another son of Uther named Madoc, the father of Arthur's nephew Eliwlod. In Triad 28, Uthyr is named the creator of one of the Three Great Enchantments of the Island of Britain, which he taught to the wizard Menw. Since Menw is a shapeshifter according to Culhwch and Olwen, it might be. If this is so, it opens up the possibility that Geoffrey of Monmouth's narrative about Uther impregnating Igerna with Merlin's help was taken from a Welsh legend where Uthyr changed his own shape, Merlin being added to the story by Geoffrey. Uthyr's other reference, Triad 51, shows influence from Geoffrey's Historia, it follows Geoffrey's description of Uther as son of Constantine III, now called "Custennin the Blessed", brother of both Aurelius Ambrosius and Constans II. Uther is best known from Geoffrey's Historia Regum Britanniae where he is the youngest son of King of Britannia, Constantine III.

His eldest brother Constans succeeds to the throne on their father's death, but is murdered at the instigation of his adviser Vortigern, who seizes the throne. Uther and his other brother, Aurelius Ambrosius, still children, flee to Brittany. Vortigern makes an alliance with the Saxons under Hengist. Aurelius and Uther return, now adults. Aurelius becomes king. With Aurelius on the throne, Uther leads his brother in arms to Ireland to help Merlin bring the stones of Stonehenge from there to Britain. While Aurelius is ill, Uther leads his army against Vortigern's son Paschent and his Saxon allies. On the way to the battle, he sees a comet in the shape of a dragon, which Merlin interprets as presaging Aurelius's death and Uther's glorious future. Uther wins the battle and takes the epithet "Pendragon", returns to find that Aurelius has been poisoned by an assassin, he becomes king and orders the construction of two gold dragons, one of which he uses as his standard. He secures Britain's frontiers and quells Saxon uprisings with the aids of his retainers, one of whom is Gorlois, Duke of Cornwall.

At a banquet celebrating their victories, Uther becomes obsessively enamoured of Gorlois' wife Igerna, a war ensues between Uther and his vassal. Gorlois sends Igerna to the impregnable castle of Tintagel for protection while he himself is besieged by Uther in another town. Uther consults with Merlin who uses his magic to transform the king into the likeness of Gorlois and thus gain access to Igerna at Tintagel, he spends the night with her and they conceive Arthur, but the next morning it is discovered that Gorlois had been killed. Uther marries Igerna and they have a daughter called Anna. Morgause marries King Lot and becomes the mother of Gawain and Mordred. Uther falls ill and the wars begin to go badly against the Saxons, he insists on leadin

Ari Wallach is an American futurist. Wallach founded Synthesis Corp. a strategy and innovation consultancy in 2008, has since counted the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Pew Research Center, Ford Foundation, CNN, Sephora and the US State Department amongst its clients. Wallach is the founder and director of Longpath, an initiative fostering long-term thinking and behavior in the individual and societal realms. Longpath focuses on giving individuals a greater sense of agency over their futures and helping society at-large to tackle its “wicked problems”. Wallach was born in Guadalajara, Mexico where his father, a Polish Holocaust survivor and member of the Jewish underground in World War II, established a successful industrial infrastructure business after an 11-year stint in Cuba pre and post-revolution; the family moved to the San Francisco Bay Area where Wallach was raised. Wallach's mother is a Bay Area artist who most was included in a Marc Chagall retrospective. Regarding the passing of Ari's father in 1993, Sen. Harry Reid declared “Recently our Nation lost a national treasure… His family's loss was ours.

There is one fewer just man to tell the truth. One fewer just man to bear witness. We who are living must remember what by living he taught us. We must, we shall, never forget.”Wallach majored in Peace and Conflict Studies at UC Berkeley. Wallach's career has ranged from work in media and various creative fields. Wallach worked with the Democratic National Committee, Clinton/Gore 96, the US Institute of Peace, all in Washington, DC. Wallach is the founding director of INFORUM—one of the nation's largest non-partisan public affairs forums for young people. Following Coro Wallach became the Founder of re:think media, a cross-platform producer of public affairs content and served as Vice President of Seed Media Group from 2006-2008. In 2008, Wallach founded The Great Schlep — the viral GOTV campaign that mobilized young Jewish voters for Obama in 2008; the Great Schlep received over 342 million global media impressions and activated over 25,000 volunteers. Wallach founded Synthesis Corp. in 2008 in order to assist governments, NGOs, corporations at the C-suite level to discover new ways to drive sustainable innovation, rethink business models and improve top-line metrics.

Synthesis is working with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to develop UNHCR labs—whose mission will be to drive innovation both inside and outside of UNHCR to further their collective ability to serve persons of concern worldwide with the latest tools and processes. Wallach sits on the boards of 70 Faces Media, blankonblank.org, the Coalition on the Environment and Jewish Life. Ari is on the advisory board to the CITRIS Data and Democracy Initiative based at UC Berkeley. Wallach is an adjunct associate professor at Columbia University lecturing on innovation and the future of governance and public policy. In November 2015, Fast Company magazine launched Fast Company Futures with Ari Wallach, an initiative to bring together people from business, technology and culture sectors. Wallach is married to Sharon Wallach, they have two daughters and a son who, as The New York Times noted, are only allowed to read printed books

The men's vault competition at the Artistic Gymnastics World Championships was first contested in 1934. It has been held in every year since its inception. Three medals are awarded: gold for first place, silver for second place, bronze for third place. Tie breakers have not been used in every year. In the event of a tie between two gymnasts, both names are listed, the following position is left empty because a medal was not awarded for that position. If three gymnastics tied for a position, the following two positions are left empty. Bold number in brackets denotes record number of victories. Last updated after the 2019 World Championships. Note^ Official documents from the International Gymnastics Federation credit medals earned by athletes from former Soviet Union at the 1992 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Paris, France as medals for CIS. FIG Results: 1903 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1905 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1907 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1909 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1911 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1913 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1922 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1926 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1930 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1934 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1938 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1950 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1954 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1958 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1962 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1966 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1970 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1974 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1978 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1979 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1981 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1983 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1985 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1987 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1989 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1991 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1992 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1993 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1994 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1994 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1995 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1996 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1997 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 1999 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 2001 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 2002 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 2003 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 2005 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships FIG Results: 2006 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships FIG Results: 2007 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships Results: 2009 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships