A vampire is a creature from folklore that subsists by feeding on the vital essence of the living. In European folklore, vampires are undead creatures that visited loved ones and caused mischief or deaths in the neighborhoods they inhabited while they were alive, they wore shrouds and were described as bloated and of ruddy or dark countenance, markedly different from today's gaunt, pale vampire which dates from the early 19th century. Vampiric entities have been recorded in most cultures. Local variants in Eastern Europe were known by different names, such as shtriga in Albania, vrykolakas in Greece and strigoi in Romania. In modern times, the vampire is held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the chupacabra still persists in some cultures. Early folk belief in vampires has sometimes been ascribed to the ignorance of the body's process of decomposition after death and how people in pre-industrial societies tried to rationalize this, creating the figure of the vampire to explain the mysteries of death.
Porphyria was linked with legends of vampirism in 1985 and received much media exposure, but has since been discredited. The charismatic and sophisticated vampire of modern fiction was born in 1819 with the publication of "The Vampyre" by the English writer John Polidori. Bram Stoker's 1897 novel Dracula is remembered as the quintessential vampire novel and provided the basis of the modern vampire legend though it was published after Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu's 1872 novel Carmilla; the success of this book spawned a distinctive vampire genre, still popular in the 21st century, with books, television shows, video games. The vampire has since become a dominant figure in the horror genre; the Oxford English Dictionary dates the first appearance of the English word vampire in English from 1734, in a travelogue titled Travels of Three English Gentlemen published in The Harleian Miscellany in 1745. Vampires had been discussed in French and German literature. After Austria gained control of northern Serbia and Oltenia with the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718, officials noted the local practice of exhuming bodies and "killing vampires".
These reports, prepared between 1725 and 1732, received widespread publicity. The English term was derived from the German Vampir, in turn derived in the early 18th century from the Serbian vampir; the Serbian form has parallels in all Slavic languages: Bulgarian and Macedonian вампир, Bosnian: vampir / вампир, Croatian vampir and Slovak upír, Polish wąpierz, upiór, Ukrainian упир, Russian упырь, Belarusian упыр, from Old East Slavic упирь. The exact etymology is unclear. Among the proposed proto-Slavic forms are *ǫpyrь and *ǫpirь. Another less widespread theory is that the Slavic languages have borrowed the word from a Turkic term for "witch". Czech linguist Václav Machek proposes Slovak verb "vrepiť sa", or its hypothetical anagram "vperiť sa" as an etymological background, thus translates "upír" as "someone who thrusts, bites". An early use of the Old Russian word is in the anti-pagan treatise "Word of Saint Grigoriy", dated variously to the 11th–13th centuries, where pagan worship of upyri is reported.
The notion of vampirism has existed for millennia. Cultures such as the Mesopotamians, Ancient Greeks and Romans had tales of demons and spirits which are considered precursors to modern vampires. Despite the occurrence of vampiric creatures in these ancient civilizations, the folklore for the entity known today as the vampire originates exclusively from early 18th-century southeastern Europe, when verbal traditions of many ethnic groups of the region were recorded and published. In most cases, vampires are revenants of evil beings, suicide victims, or witches, but they can be created by a malevolent spirit possessing a corpse or by being bitten by a vampire. Belief in such legends became so pervasive that in some areas it caused mass hysteria and public executions of people believed to be vampires, it is difficult to make a single, definitive description of the folkloric vampire, though there are several elements common to many European legends. Vampires were reported as bloated in appearance, ruddy, purplish, or dark in colour.
Blood was seen seeping from the mouth and nose when one was seen in its shroud or coffin and its left eye was open. It would be clad in the linen shroud it was buried in, its teeth and nails may have grown somewhat, though in general fangs were not a feature. Although vampires were described as undead, some folk tales spoke of them as living beings; the causes of vampiric generation were many and varied in original folklore. In Slavic and Chinese traditions, any corpse, jumped over by an animal a dog or a cat, was feared to become one of the undead. A body with a wound that had not been treated with boiling wate
Patrick Joseph Brady was Irish nationalist MP in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for Dublin St Stephen's Green constituency from 1910 to 1918, during the closing years of the Irish Parliamentary Party’s dominance of Irish politics. He was a Senator of the Irish Free State from 1927 to 1928, he was one of the few parliamentarians who served in both the House of Commons and in the Oireachtas. Eldest son of James Brady, he was born at Blackrock and educated at St Vincent's College, Castleknock and at University College Dublin, he was admitted a solicitor in 1893 and became senior partner head of the firm of Brady & Hayden. He built up an extensive legal practice and became a member of the Council, President, of the Incorporated Law Society of Ireland, he was a director of the Hibernian Bank and of the Irish Great Southern Railways, an active social welfare worker and member of the Catholic St Vincent de Paul Society. In 1900 he married Evelyn Parminter, youngest daughter of John Douglas Parminter, a Paymaster in the Royal Navy.
She died in 1931. P. J. Brady was a member of Blackrock Urban District Council and was subsequently elected as MP for Dublin St Stephen's Green at the general election of January 1910. St Stephen's Green was not a safe seat for the Nationalists, being won by a Liberal, Liberal Unionist or Unionist in all five elections held between 1888 and 1898. In January 1910 Brady defeated the Unionist candidate Henry O’Connor by 3,683 to 3,021. At the second 1910 general election in December, he defeated a fresh Unionist candidate, Lord Reginald Herbert, by the bigger margin of 3,594 to 2,765. In 1918, the seat went to the Sinn Féin candidate Thomas Kelly, who won 8,461 votes to Brady's 2,902 and the Unionist's 2,755. Politically, Brady was described by Patrick Maume as a conservative who took a pro-employer stance in the 1913 Dublin strike led by James Larkin. After the foundation of the Irish Free State in 1922, Brady served as a member of the advisory committee set up to frame the new courts system and Free State judiciary, resulting in the Courts of Justice Act 1924.
On 26 January 1927 he was elected in a by-election to a vacancy in the Senate, but was defeated at the regular election of December 1928. Among those who attended his funeral at the Church of the Assumption, Dublin in May 1943 was his former revolutionary opponent Éamon de Valera, by that time Taoiseach. Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Patrick Brady Dod's Parliamentary Companion for 1912, Whittaker & Co. Irish Independent, 21 and 24 May 1943 Patrick Maume, The Long Gestation: Irish Nationalist Life 1891–1918, Gill & MacMillan, 1999 Brian M. Walker, Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801–1922, Royal Irish Academy, 1978 Who Was Who, 1941–1950
Idalopirdine is a potent and selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist under development by Lundbeck as an augmentation therapy for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. As of October 2013 it is in phase III clinical trials. A phase III trial of two different daily doses of Lu AE58054 on top of 10 mg of donepezil for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's failed to meet its primary endpoint with either dose. Two further phase III trials failed too, the company confirmed in early 2017. Cerlapirdine Latrepirdine Lundbeck expands its pipeline - initiating phase II clinical trials with a new compound for the treatment of schizophrenia Lundbeck initiates clinical phase II trials with Lu AE58054 as augmentation treatment in Alzheimer's disease
Utzerath is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Daun; the municipality is a state-recognized tourism community. The municipality lies in the Vulkaneifel, a part of the Eifel known for its volcanic history and geological features, ongoing activity today, including gases that sometimes well up from the earth. In 1518, the municipality was still called Otzenrode; the ending —rode makes it clear that the village arose from a clearing in the woods. The local scenery today, still wooded, makes this easy to imagine; the name Utzerath was first used in the 18th century. The council is made up of 6 council members, who were elected by majority vote at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, the honorary mayor as chairman. Utzerath's mayor is Erhard Annen, his deputy is Werner Petry; the German blazon reads: Schildhaupt von oben links, nach unten schrägrechts hälftig geteilt.
Im rechten silbernen Schildteil ein Antoniuskreuz mit Pilger-Glöckchen in rot, im linken grünen Schildteil eine silberne Axt und ein silbernes Eichenblatt. The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per bend sinister argent a cross tau with a bell hanging from each arm gules and vert an axe bendwise sinister, the edge to sinister, below which an oakleaf bendwise sinister of the first; the charges on the sinister side, the axe and the oakleaf, refer to Utzerath's beginnings as a clearing in the woods. The tau cross, shown here with pilgrims’ bells, is Saint Anthony's attribute, thus representing the municipality's and the church's patron saint. Saint Anthony's Catholic Church, Schönbacher Straße 1 – aisleless church from 1849, expanded in the 20th century. Darscheider Straße 6 – timber-frame house, 18th century, panel door, 19th century. Darscheider Straße 11/13 – divided house, no. 11 sided, no. 13 decorative timber framing, 18th century. Former railway station, north of the village near the municipal limit – plastered station building from about 1900 or 1910.
Wayside cross, northwest of the village, basalt beam cross from 1677. Wayside cross, southwest of the village at the edge of the woods basalt beam cross from 1805. Municipality’s official webpage
Mobile ESPN was a mobile virtual network operator run by Disney using Sprint's EVDO wireless network from November 25, 2005 until December 2006. The service was considered overpriced and a failure. Mobile ESPN’s key feature was a sports application that could access news and scores; the Java-based application was able to provide real-time scores, such that the phone was five or more seconds ahead of a television broadcast in updating scores. The application was integrated with a SMS service, so that the user was able to receive an alert whenever a favorite team scores or some other newsworthy event occurs; the content was managed by an editorial team that created original content and repurposed content from ESPN.com's web site to fit the phone format. The majority of content on ESPN.com was available on Mobile ESPN. On-air mentions of Mobile ESPN during programming such as SportsCenter phone-in segments, suggested that the network's on-air staff was contractually bound to use it. On September 2, 2006, Mobile ESPN streamed the first live sporting event delivered to a mobile phone in the United States.
Fans watched live coverage from Ann Arbor as Michigan defeated Vanderbilt, 27-7. Mobile ESPN had only one phone available at launch, the Sanyo MVP, that retailed for as much as $399 USD. By July 2006, the handset was available for free with a rebate and a two-year commitment to the service. In summer 2006, ESPN rolled out the Samsung ACE, which resembled Motorola's RAZR phones and would replace the MVP. Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller's book, Those Guys Have All the Fun: Inside the World of ESPN, notes that Apple CEO Steve Jobs told ESPN president George Bodenheimer, "Your phone is the dumbest fucking idea I have heard." The lowest price plan offered at launch was a $34.95 plan that only included 100 minutes and no bonuses such as free nights and weekends. The lowest plan comparable to that offered by major carriers was a $64.95 plan which included 400 minutes of talk time and unlimited nights and weekends. In May 2006, new plans were rolled out at various price points, including a $40 monthly plan with 400 anytime minutes, free nights and weekends, stripped-down data service.
Though the cost of the full-service, 400 minute plan remained $64.95, the end result was that users were allowed more freedom to pick and choose the services they wanted. ESPN invested in promotion of the service. ESPN bought its first Super Bowl ad for Super Bowl XL on February 5, 2006, a 60-second high-definition commercial called "ESPN Sports Heaven" that featured a fan walking through a city filled with sports stars. AdWeek estimated the production cost of the ad at $30 million, in addition to the estimated $2.5 million per 30 seconds cost for the broadcast advertising time during the game. At first, ESPN Mobile phones were only available at retailers such as Best Buy. Service became available in Sprint stores in June 2006. Early results for Mobile ESPN were disappointing. ESPN was reported to have projected as much as 240,000 subscribers for the service, but the Wall Street Journal reported that Mobile ESPN had fewer than 10,000 subscribers. Merrill Lynch analysts considered Mobile ESPN to have "failed" and recommended that investors urge ESPN owner Disney to discontinue the service.
It was estimated that Mobile ESPN and Disney Mobile combined would lose $135 million over the 2006 fiscal year. ESPN had reaffirmed its commitment to the product, stating that they expected that price cuts in handsets, increased marketing efforts, other incentives for customers would prove to be successful. However, on September 28, 2006, ESPN announced it would be discontinuing the service to take effect by the end of the year; those who had subscribed to long-term plans received refunds from ESPN. ESPN and Sprint join forces Original Mobile ESPN site
Srimanthudu is a 2015 Indian Telugu-language action drama film written and directed by Koratala Siva. It was produced by Y. Naveen, Y. Ravi Shankar and C. V. Mohan under their banner Mythri Movie Makers. Mahesh Babu co-produced the film under his banner G. Mahesh Babu Entertainment Pvt. Ltd and played the film's protagonist, Harsha Vardhan, with Shruti Haasan as the female lead, Charuseela. Jagapati Babu, Rajendra Prasad, Sampath Raj, Mukesh Rishi and Harish Uthaman appear in supporting roles, it was distributed globally by Eros International. The film tells the story of Harsha Vardhan, a young man who inherits a business empire from his father Ravikanth. Urged by his friend Charuseela to learn about his and his father's ancestral roots in a remote village named Devarakota, Harsha adopts the village and spends some time trying to improve the standard of living of the local people and the infrastructure of the village, his efforts anger his brother Venkata Ratnam, a politician. Srimanthudu was going to be produced by UTV Motion Pictures, but the company backed out, citing differences with Siva.
In addition to directing the film, Siva wrote the screenplay. Devi Sri Prasad composed the score, R. Madhi was the cinematographer. Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao edited the film. Production began on 11 August 2014 at Ramanaidu Studios in Hyderabad. Principal photography began on 7 November 2014 in Pune, lasted till mid-June 2015. Though most of the film was shot in and around Hyderabad, a few portions were filmed in Tamil Nadu and Malaysia. Srimanthudu and its Tamil dubbed version, titled Selvandhan, were released worldwide on 7 August 2015 in around 2500 screens, it opened to positive critical reception and was a commercial success, grossing nearly ₹2.0 billion globally on a budget of ₹400—700 million and becoming the third highest grossing Telugu film of all time. After the film's release, many actors and politicians announced plans to develop the backward villages and encouraged the adoption of villages in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Harsha Vardhan is the sole heir of his father. After he meets Charuseela at his friend Apparao's birthday party, he enrolls in a university course on rural development.
Charuseela wants to use technology for the benefit of Devarakota, a remote village in Uttarandhra from which she hails. A friendship blossoms between them, as time passes they become attracted to each other; the natural resources of Devarakota are being exploited by Sashi, the brother of central minister Venkata Ratnam, whose tyranny has made many locals migrate to the city to seek a better life. The village head Narayana Rao hopes that the standard of living will soon improve along with the general condition of the village. Meanwhile, Ratnam's son Radha uses blackmail to threaten harm to Ravikanth's family if he does not back out of a prestigious highway contract. Ravikanth's nephew Karthik, who hopes to succeed Ravikanth in the business empire, leaks to Radha details about an upcoming bid for the contract, which comes to the notice of Harsha. After subtly warning Ratnam at his residence in Delhi, Harsha secretly makes a lower bid on behalf of his father's company and wins the contract; when Charuseela learns that Harsha is Ravikanth's son, she starts avoiding him.
When he asks the reason, she says that Ravikanth is a native of Devarakota who left for Hyderabad to earn wealth unlike her father Narayana Rao, she bids farewell. After asking his father for a long holiday before joining the office, Harsha travels to Devarakota without his father's knowledge. In Devarakota he meets Rao and introduces himself as a student pursuing a course in rural development who has come to study the village. After learning more about Devarakota and Sashi's tyranny, Harsha announces that he will adopt the village and develop it. While he works to improve conditions in the village, Ratnam asks Sashi to develop the village to win in the upcoming elections, but he remains silent regarding his intention to gain credit for doing so. At the same time, Harsha comes to know from Rao that, as a young man, wishing, as Harsha does now, to see the village developed, established a dairy farm for the locals' welfare. After the farm was set up, Ratnam and Sashi set it on fire, causing the death of many, Ravikanth was blamed for the fire and arrested.
He walked out of the village, moved to the city, went on to acquire much wealth. Charuseela returns to Devarakota and assumes that Harsha is trying to impress her family with the intention of marrying her. Livid, Charuseela is impressed when Harsha succeeds in persuading her uncle's family not to migrate to the city to live with their employed son and instead makes their son agree to visit them every possible weekend. Harsha and Charuseela learn that Ratnam is going to take over all the agricultural land around the village for political gain since the value of the land will appreciate following the official declaration of a new coastal industrial corridor. Harsha warns them not to interfere in his work of developing the village. Harsha visits a water bottling unit which not only produces alcoholic beverages but draws from the village's source of drinking water, he tries to close it, but is hospitalised. Ravikanth, informed of Harsha's adoption of Devarakota, manages to bring Harsha back to Hyderabad, where he joins the office after he recovers.
Ravikanth confronts a visibly upset Harsha and decides to send him back to Devarakota, earning Harsha's love, for which he has long yearned. Harsha h