A variable-frequency drive is a type of AC motor drive that controls speed and torque by varying the frequency of the input electricity. Depending on its topology, it controls the associated voltage or current variation.
Chassis of above VFD (cover removed)
Electric motor speed-torque chart
Power electronics is the application of electronics to the control and conversion of electric power.
A battery charger is an example of a piece of power electronics.
Figure 8: The AC input for an ASD
FIGURE 9: Single-phase half-bridge voltage source inverter