The Verneuil method, also called flame fusion, was the first commercially successful method of manufacturing synthetic gemstones, developed in late 1883 by the French chemist Auguste Verneuil. It is p
A small ruby boule, still attached to the rod, produced by the Verneuil process
Ruby is a pinkish-red to blood-red-colored gemstone, a variety of the mineral corundum, consisting of aluminium oxide. Ruby is one of the most popular traditional jewelry gems and is very durable. Oth
Verneuil method
…successful method of manufacturing synthetic gemstones, developed in late 1883 by the French chemist Auguste Verneuil. It is primarily used to produce the ruby, sapphire and padparadscha varieties of corundum, as well as the diamond simulants rutile, strontium titanate and spinel. The principle of the process…
A ruby crystal from Dodoma Region, Tanzania
The main ruby-producing countries
Crystal structure of ruby showing the substitution of Al3+ ions (blue) with Cr3+ (red). The substitution density of Cr3+ ions in this model is approximately 2%, approximating the maximum doping normally encountered.
Ruby (Corundum) - Hunza Valley, div. Gilgit, Northern Areas, Pakistan.