1.
Mountain Home, Idaho
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Mountain Home is the largest city in the county seat of Elmore County, Idaho, USA. The population was 14,206 in the 2010 census, Mountain Home is the principal city of the Mountain Home, Idaho Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Elmore County. Mountain Home was originally a post office at Rattlesnake Station, a stop on the Overland Stage Line, about seven miles east of the city. With the addition of the Oregon Short Line Railroad in 1883, Mountain Home Air Force Base, an Air Combat Command installation, is located 12 miles southwest of the city. Opened in 1943 during World War II, the base was originally a training base and later an operational Strategic Air Command bomber. It switched to Tactical Air Command and fighters in January 1966, Mountain Home is located at 43°8′13″N 115°41′40″W, at an elevation of 3,146 feet above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 6.36 square miles. About 8 miles to the northwest are the Crater Rings, a National Natural Landmark, Mountain Home experiences a semi-arid climate with short, cold winters and hot, dry summers. The population density was 2,340.4 inhabitants per square mile, there were 6,249 housing units at an average density of 1,029.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 83. 2% White,3. 3% African American,1. 0% Native American,2. 9% Asian,0. 6% Pacific Islander,4. 8% from other races, and 4. 4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11. 9% of the population,27. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 8. 1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the family size was 3.06. The median age in the city was 29.8 years. 27. 9% of residents were under the age of 18,12. 4% were between the ages of 18 and 24,29. 1% were from 25 to 44,20. 7% were from 45 to 64, and 9. 9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 51. 3% male and 48. 7% female, at the 2000 census, there were 11,143 people,4,337 households and 2,957 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,150.8 per square mile, there were 4,738 housing units at an average density of 914.5 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 87. 89% White,2. 61% African American,0. 94% Native American,1. 73% Asian,0. 31% Pacific Islander,3. 41% from other races, and 3. 11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8. 33% of the population,26. 6% of all households were made up of individuals and 7. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
2.
Jazz fusion
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Jazz fusion is a musical genre that developed in the late 1960s when musicians combined aspects of jazz harmony and improvisation with styles such as funk, rock, rhythm and blues, and Latin jazz. During this time many jazz musicians began experimenting with electric instruments and amplified sound for the first time, as well as electronic effects, many of the developments during the late 1960s and early 1970s have since become established elements of jazz fusion musical practice. Fusion arrangements vary in complexity—some employ groove-based vamps fixed to a key, or even a single chord. Others can feature odd or shifting time signatures with elaborate chord progressions, melodies, typically, these arrangements, whether simple or complex, will feature extended improvised sections that can vary in length. As with jazz, fusion often employs brass and woodwind instruments such as trumpet and saxophone as melody and soloing instruments, the rhythm section typically consists of electric bass, electric guitar, electric piano/synthesizer and drums. As with traditional jazz improvisation, fusion instrumentalists generally require a level of technical proficiency. The term jazz-rock is often used as a synonym for jazz fusion as well as for music performed by late 1960s, experimentation continued in the 1990s and 2000s. Fusion albums, even those that are made by the group or artist. Rather than being a musical style, fusion can be viewed as a musical tradition or approach. Afro-Cuban jazz, one the earliest form of Latin jazz, is a fusion of Afro-Cuban clave-based rhythms with jazz harmonies and techniques of improvisation. Afro-Cuban jazz first emerged in the early 1940s with the Cuban musicians Mario Bauza and Frank Grillo Machito in the band Machito and his Afro-Cubans, based in New York City. Early combinations of jazz with Cuban music, such as Dizzys and Pozos Manteca and Charlie Parkers and Machitos Mangó Mangüé, were referred to as Cubop. During its first decades, the Afro-Cuban jazz movement was stronger in the United States than in Cuba itself, allmusic Guide states that until around 1967, the worlds of jazz and rock were nearly completely separate. One of the earliest releases from Pink Floyd, London 66–67 incorporated jazz-influenced improvisation to their psychedelic compositions, nevertheless, these developments made little impact in the United States. Jazz vibraphonist Gary Burton was an innovator in the 1960s, in 1967, Burton worked with electric guitarist Larry Coryell and recorded Duster, which is considered one of the first fusion records. Texas-born guitarist Coryell was also a pioneer of jazz in the same era. Trumpeter and composer Miles Davis had a influence on the development of jazz fusion with his 1968 album Miles in the Sky. It is the first of Davis albums to incorporate electric instruments, with Herbie Hancock and Ron Carter playing electric piano and bass guitar, respectively
3.
Bass guitar
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The bass guitar is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick. The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to a guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length. The four-string bass, by far the most common, is tuned the same as the double bass. The bass guitar is an instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds to avoid excessive ledger lines. Like the electric guitar, the guitar has pickups and it is plugged into an amplifier and speaker on stage, or into a larger PA system using a DI unit. Since the 1960s, the guitar has largely replaced the double bass in popular music as the bass instrument in the rhythm section. While types of basslines vary widely from one style of music to another, many styles of music utilise the bass guitar, including rock, heavy metal, pop, punk rock, country, reggae, gospel, blues, symphonic rock, and jazz. It is often a solo instrument in jazz, jazz fusion, Latin, funk, progressive rock and other rock, the adoption of a guitar form made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in more easily than on acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period, around 1947, Tutmarcs son, Bud, began marketing a similar bass under the Serenader brand name, prominently advertised in the nationally distributed L. D. Heater Music Company wholesale jobber catalogue of 1948, however, the Tutmarc family inventions did not achieve market success. In the 1950s, Leo Fender, with the help of his employee George Fullerton and his Fender Precision Bass, which began production in October 1951, became a widely copied industry standard. This split pickup, introduced in 1957, appears to have been two mandolin pickups, the pole pieces and leads of the coils were reversed with respect to each other, producing a humbucking effect. Humbucking is a design that electrically cancels the effect of any AC hum, the Fender Bass was a revolutionary new instrument, which could be easily transported, and which was less prone to feedback when amplified than acoustic bass instruments. Monk Montgomery was the first bass player to tour with the Fender bass guitar, roy Johnson, and Shifty Henry with Louis Jordan & His Tympany Five, were other early Fender bass pioneers. Bill Black, playing with Elvis Presley, switched from bass to the Fender Precision Bass around 1957. The bass guitar was intended to appeal to guitarists as well as upright bass players, following Fenders lead, in 1953, Gibson released the first short scale violin-shaped electric bass with extendable end pin, allowing it to be played upright or horizontally. In 1959 these were followed by the more conventional-looking EB-0 Bass, the EB-0 was very similar to a Gibson SG in appearance
4.
Cello
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The cello or violoncello is a bowed or plucked string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. The strings from low to high are generally tuned to C2, G2, D3 and A3 and it is a member of the violin family of musical instruments, which also includes the violin and viola and the double bass. The cello is used as a musical instrument, as well as in chamber music ensembles, string orchestras, as a member of the string section of symphony orchestras. It is the second-largest and second lowest bowed string instrument in the symphony orchestra. Cello parts are written in the bass clef, but both tenor clef and treble clefs are used for higher-range parts, both in orchestral/chamber music parts and in solo cello works. A person who plays the cello is called a cellist or violoncellist, in a small Classical ensemble, such as a string quartet, the cello typically plays the bass part, the lowest-pitched musical line of the piece. In orchestra, in Baroque era and Classical music period, the cello plays the bass part. In Baroque era music, the cello is used to play the basso continuo bassline, in a Baroque performance, the cello player might be joined by other bass instruments, playing double bass, viol or other low-register instruments. The name cello is a contraction of the Italian violoncello, which means little violone, in modern symphony orchestras, it is the second largest stringed instrument. Thus, the name contained both the augmentative -one and the diminutive -cello. By the turn of the 20th century, it had become common to shorten the name to cello and it is now customary to use cello without apostrophe as the full designation. Viol is derived from the viola, which was derived from Medieval Latin vitula. Cellos are tuned in fifths, starting with C2, followed by G2, D3 and it is tuned in the same intervals as the viola, but an octave lower. Unlike the violin or viola but similar to the double bass, the cello is most closely associated with European classical music, and has been described as the closest sounding instrument to the human voice. The instrument is a part of the orchestra, as part of the string section. A large number of concertos and sonatas have been written for the cello, among the most well-known Baroque works for the cello are Johann Sebastian Bachs six unaccompanied Suites. The Prelude from the First Suite is particularly famous, romantic era repertoire includes the Robert Schumann Concerto, the Antonín Dvořák Concerto as well as the two sonatas and the Double Concerto by Johannes Brahms. The cello is increasingly common in traditional music, especially Scottish fiddle music
5.
Guitar
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The guitar is a musical instrument classified as a fretted string instrument with anywhere from four to 18 strings, usually having six. The sound is projected either acoustically, using a wooden or plastic and wood box, or through electrical amplifier. It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, the guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning. There are three types of modern acoustic guitar, the classical guitar, the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar. The tone of a guitar is produced by the strings vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar. The term finger-picking can also refer to a tradition of folk, blues, bluegrass. The acoustic bass guitar is an instrument that is one octave below a regular guitar. Early amplified guitars employed a body, but a solid wood body was eventually found more suitable during the 1960s and 1970s. As with acoustic guitars, there are a number of types of guitars, including hollowbody guitars, archtop guitars and solid-body guitars. The electric guitar has had a influence on popular culture. The guitar is used in a variety of musical genres worldwide. It is recognized as an instrument in genres such as blues, bluegrass, country, flamenco, folk, jazz, jota, mariachi, metal, punk, reggae, rock, soul. The term is used to refer to a number of chordophones that were developed and used across Europe, beginning in the 12th century and, later, in the Americas. The modern word guitar, and its antecedents, has applied to a wide variety of chordophones since classical times. Many influences are cited as antecedents to the modern guitar, at least two instruments called guitars were in use in Spain by 1200, the guitarra latina and the so-called guitarra morisca. The guitarra morisca had a back, wide fingerboard. The guitarra Latina had a sound hole and a narrower neck. By the 14th century the qualifiers moresca or morisca and latina had been dropped, and it had six courses, lute-like tuning in fourths and a guitar-like body, although early representations reveal an instrument with a sharply cut waist
6.
Newport News, Virginia
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Newport News is an independent city located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 180,719, in 2013, the population was estimated to be 183,412, making it the fifth-most populous city in Virginia. Newport News is included in the Hampton Roads metropolitan area, the area now known as Newport News was once a part of Warwick County. Warwick County was one of the eight original shires of Virginia, formed by the House of Burgesses in the British Colony of Virginia by order of King Charles I, the county was largely composed of farms and undeveloped land until almost 250 years later. In 1881,15 years of development began under the leadership of Collis P. With the new railroad came a terminal and coal piers where the colliers were loaded, within a few years, Huntington and his associates also built a large shipyard. In 1896, the new incorporated town of Newport News, which had briefly replaced Denbigh as the county seat of Warwick County, had a population of 9,000. In 1958, by mutual consent by referendum, Newport News was consolidated with the former Warwick County, the more widely known name of Newport News was selected as they formed what was then Virginias third largest independent city in population. The location on the harbor and along the James River facilitates a large boating industry which can take advantage of its miles of waterfront. Newport News also serves as a junction between the rails and the sea with the Newport News Marine Terminals located at the East End of the city. Served by major east-west Interstate Highway 64, it is linked to others of the cities of Hampton Roads by the circumferential Hampton Roads Beltway, part of the Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport is in the city limits. The original area near the mouth of the James River was first referred to as Newportes Newes as early as 1621, the source of the name Newport News is not known with certainty. Several versions are recorded, and it is the subject of popular speculation locally, the new governor ordered them to turn around, and return to Jamestown. Under this theory, the community was named for Newports good news, another possibility is that the community may have derived its name from an old English word news meaning new town. At least one source claims that the New arose from the settlements being rebuilt after a fire. Another source gave the name as New Port Newce, named for a person with the name Newce. The namesake, Sir William Newce, was an English soldier, there he had established Newcestown near Bandon, County Cork. He sailed to Virginia with Sir Francis Wyatt in October 1621 and was granted 2,500 acres of land and his brother, Capt. Thomas Newce, was given 600 acres at Kequatan, now called Elizabeth Cittie
7.
Busch Gardens Williamsburg
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The park opened on May 16,1975, adjacent to Anheuser-Buschs brewery and near its other developments including the Kingsmill Resort complex. The park is themed around various European countries, the park was originally called Busch Gardens, The Old Country, reflecting the European theme. In 1993, the park was renamed Busch Gardens Williamsburg before briefly being named Busch Gardens Europe in 2006 until it returned to the Williamsburg name in 2008, in 2015, the estimated attendance of 2.78 million makes it the twentieth most-visited park in the US. In the last part of the 20th and early into the 21st century, as a brewer, in 2008, after initially resisting an unsolicited stock bid, A-B announced it had reached an agreement to be acquired by the even larger Belgium-based InBev. The newer owners announced plans to sell-off the portions of A-B activities which were not part of the beverage business as it worked to reduce debt incurred to fund the acquisition. The Blackstone Group was selected in late 2009 to acquire and operate the 10 former A-B theme parks, in July 2010, the adjacent Kingsmill Resort was scheduled to be acquired by Xanterra Parks and Resorts, a company owned by Denver-based Phillip Anschutz. The park features a combination of roller coasters and Broadway-style shows, the park is broken into countries, each having its unique style of food and music. The rides in the sections of the park are also themed to the country that they are located in, Jack Hannas Wild Reserve houses a variety of wild species including gray wolves and bald eagles. Busch Gardens is partnered with SeaWorld in the SeaWorld & Busch Gardens Conservation Fund, the Rhine River Cruises boats are battery powered to cut back on power generation and prevent water pollution. In addition, Busch Gardens and Water Country USA both use insects rather than pesticides in the commitment to organic gardening. All brochures, maps, show guides, and all products in the restrooms are made from recycled material. Howl-O-Scream, the parks signature Halloween event, offers more than a dozen attractions featuring vampires, werewolves, witches, guests are immersed in an elaborate Halloween atmosphere including haunted houses and Halloween-themed shows. The events mascot was pumpkin-headed Jack until 2011 in which the became the Lady of the Gardens. Since the 2013 season, there has not been a mascot for the event. Howl-O-Scream typically opens the last full weekend in September and continues every Friday, Saturday, currently, the Howl-O-Scream redecorating and conversion work is done by Oak Island Creative, an independent company that provides similar services to multiple theme parks and other locations. Christmas Town is the parks Christmas event that began during the 2009 season, during the celebration, the park is decorated with millions of lights. Shopping is also an important part of Christmas Town, the park is separated into 10 different hamlets, themed to European villages from England, France, Germany, Italy, Scotland, and Ireland. Two attractions provide transportation around the park, Banbury Cross is fashioned after England, with stereotypical red telephone booths and common English architecture
8.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
9.
Stanley Clarke
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Stanley Clarke is an American jazz musician and composer known for his innovative and influential work on double bass and electric bass as well as for his numerous film and television scores. He is best known for his work with the fusion band Return to Forever and he was introduced to the bass as a schoolboy when he arrived late on the day instruments were distributed to students and acoustic bass was one of the few remaining selections. A graduate of Roxborough High School in Philadelphia, he attended the Philadelphia Musical Academy, during the 1970s, Clarke joined the jazz fusion group Return to Forever, led by pianist and synth player Chick Corea. The group released albums that achieved both mainstream popularity and critical acclaim. In 1981, Clark and George Duke formed the Clarke/Duke Project and their song Sweet Baby was a Top 20 hit. In 2006 Clarke reunited with George Duke and toured with him for the first time in fifteen years, Stanley Clarke was also a member of The New Barbarians, a band Ronnie Wood had assembled in 1979 to play gigs in the US, Canada and UK. Other band members included Keith Richards, Ziggy Modeliste, Ian McLagan and this version of the New Barbarians played their final concert in the Knebworth Festival,1979. To date three official live recordings have been released of the New Barbarians 1979 tour and these all include Stanley Clarke as bass player. In the late 1980s, Clarke and drummer Stewart Copeland, of the rock band The Police, in 2005 Clarke toured as Trio. with Béla Fleck and Jean-Luc Ponty. The U. S. and European tour was nominated for a 2006 Jammy Award in the category of Tour of the Year and he has also played with Jeff Beck, Ron Wood, Larry Carlton, Billy Cobham and Al Di Meola. In 2009 he released Jazz in the Garden, featuring the Stanley Clarke Trio with pianist Hiromi Uehara, the following year he released the Stanley Clarke Band, with Ruslan Sirota on keyboards and Ronald Bruner, Jr. on drums, the album also features Hiromi on piano. Clarke started his career in the early 1970s and released a number of albums under his own name. His best known solo album is School Days, which, along with Jaco Pastoriuss self-titled debut, is one of the most influential solo bass recordings in fusion history and his albums Stanley Clarke and Journey to Love are also notable. Clarke released The Toys of Men in 2007 and this was his first release in five years, on October 17,2007. The first week of release it went to No.2 on the Contemporary Jazz Chart of Billboard magazine, the album examines the subject of war, and it includes performances by Esperanza Spalding, Ruslan Sirota, Paulinho da Costa and Mads Tolling. Since the 1980s, Clarke has turned much of his energy to television and he is credited for the scores for the ABC Family Channel series Lincoln Heights as well as composing the theme song for the show. Clarke began with TV scores for ABCs short-lived series A Man Called Hawk and he also scored The Transporter and Remember the Time a video by Michael Jackson directed by John Singleton. In the 2000s, he composed music for Soul Food on the Showtime Network, BET-J launched a series hosted by Clarke entitled On the Road with Stanley Clarke in June 2006
10.
Marcus Miller
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Marcus Miller is an American jazz composer, producer and multi-instrumentalist, best known as a bass guitarist. He has worked with trumpeter Miles Davis, pianist Herbie Hancock, singer Luther Vandross, Miller was born in Brooklyn, New York City, in 1959 and raised in a musical family that includes his father, William Miller and jazz pianist Wynton Kelly. He is classically trained as a clarinetist and also plays keyboards, saxophone and he began to work regularly in New York City, eventually playing bass and writing music for jazz flutist Bobbi Humphrey and keyboardist Lonnie Liston Smith. After being discovered by Michal Urbaniak in 1975, Miller spent approximately 15 years performing as a session musician, during that time he also did a lot of arranging and producing. He was a member of the Saturday Night Live band 1988–1989 and he wrote the intro to Aretha Franklins I Wanna Make It Up To You. He has played bass on over 500 recordings including those of Luther Vandross, roberta Flack, Carly Simon, McCoy Tyner, Bryan Ferry and Billy Idol. He won the Most Valuable Player award three years in a row and was awarded player emeritus status and retired from eligibility. In the nineties, Miller began to write his own music and make his own records, putting a band together and touring regularly. Between 1988 and 1990 he appeared both as a musical director and also as the house band bass player in the Sunday Night Band during two seasons of Sunday Night on NBC late-night television. As a composer, Miller co-wrote several songs on the Miles Davis album Tutu and he also composed Chicago Song for David Sanborn and co-wrote Til My Baby Comes Home, Its Over Now, For You to Love, and Power of Love for Luther Vandross. Miller also wrote Da Butt, which was featured in Spike Lees School Daze, Miller currently has his own band. In 1997 he played guitar and bass clarinet in a band called Legends, featuring Eric Clapton, Joe Sample, David Sanborn. It was an 11-date tour of major festivals in Europe. Miller also hosts a jazz history and influences show called Miller Time with Marcus Miller on the Real Jazz channel of Sirius XM Holdings satellite radio system. In addition to his recording and performance career, Miller has established a career as a film score composer. Miller has won numerous Grammy Awards as a producer for Miles Davis, Luther Vandross, David Sanborn, Bob James, Chaka Khan and Wayne Shorter. He won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Song in 1992, for Luther Vandross Power of Love and in 2001 he won for Best Contemporary Jazz Album for his solo instrumental album. In 2012 Miller was appointed an UNESCO Artist for Peace supporting and promoting the UNESCO Slave Route Project and his 2015 album, Afrodeezia, earned a Grammy Award nomination for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album
11.
Fodera
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Fodera is an American manufacturer of electric bass guitars in Brooklyn, New York. Vinny Fodera and Joey Lauricella launched the company around 1983 after dissolving their relationship with Ken Smith Basses. The company also manufactures a number of guitars each year. Foderas first official instrument was a guitar, Fodera instruments are made with an inlaid butterfly on the headstock of most basses. Other features include an atypical design, an ash neck. Bartolini pickups with PJ and JJ configurations are available on certain models. These Fodera instruments also have 5 or 6 strings on them, fewer than three thousand Fodera instruments have been manufactured since 1983. Fodera Monarch Fodera Emperor Fodera Emperor II Fodera Imperial Fodera Imperial II Fodera NYC The company also makes Signature series-basses, Fodera - Official site Fodera list of artists
