1.
2015 Cannes Film Festival
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The 68th annual Cannes Film Festival was held from 13 to 24 May 2015. Joel and Ethan Coen were the Presidents of the Jury for the main competition and it was the first time that two people chaired the jury. Since the Coen brothers each received a vote, they were joined by seven other jurors to form the customary nine-juror panel. French actor Lambert Wilson was the host for the opening and closing ceremonies, the Palme dOr was awarded to the French film Dheepan directed by Jacques Audiard. On winning the award Audiard said To receive a prize from the Coen brothers is something pretty exceptional, the festival poster featured Hollywood star and Swedish actress Ingrid Bergman, photographed by David Seymour. The poster was chosen to pay tribute to Bergman for her contributions to films, as part of the tribute to Bergman, the Swedish documentary Ingrid Bergman, In Her Own Words was screened in the Cannes Classics section. Standing Tall, directed by Emmanuelle Bercot, was the opening film. This was the opening film in the festivals history to have been directed by a woman. Ice and the Sky, directed by Luc Jacquet, was the closing film. French film director Agnès Varda was presented with the honorary Palme dOr at the closing ceremony. She is also the first female filmmaker to receive the award. The Official Selection of films for the 2015 festival, including the line-up for the Main Competition, was announced on 16 April 2015, the films competing for the Palme dOr were announced at a press conference on 16 April 2015. Two films were added to the main competition line-up on 23 April 2015, Valley of Love, directed by Guillaume Nicloux, the following films competed in the Un Certain Regard section. Lamb, the first feature directed by Yared Zeleke, is also the first Ethiopian film to be included in the Official Selection. Sweet Red Bean Paste, directed by Naomi Kawase, was announced as the film for the Un Certain Regard section. The following films were selected to screen out of competition, Midnight screenings Special screenings Out of 4,550 entries, the Cinéfondation section focuses on films made by students at film schools. The following 18 entries were selected out of 1,600 submissions, more than one-third of the films selected represent schools participating in Cinéfondation for the first time. It is also the first time that a film representing a Spanish film school had been selected, the full selection for the International Critics Week section was announced on 20 April 2015, at the sections website
2.
Actor
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An actor is a person who portrays a character in a performance. Simplistically speaking, the person denominated actor or actress is someone beautiful who plays important characters, the actor performs in the flesh in the traditional medium of the theatre, or in modern mediums such as film, radio, and television. The analogous Greek term is ὑποκριτής, literally one who answers, the actors interpretation of their role pertains to the role played, whether based on a real person or fictional character. Interpretation occurs even when the actor is playing themselves, as in forms of experimental performance art, or, more commonly, to act, is to create. Formerly, in societies, only men could become actors. When used for the stage, women played the roles of prepubescent boys. The etymology is a derivation from actor with ess added. However, when referring to more than one performer, of both sexes, actor is preferred as a term for male performers. Actor is also used before the name of a performer as a gender-specific term. Within the profession, the re-adoption of the term dates to the 1950–1960s. As Whoopi Goldberg put it in an interview with the paper, Im an actor – I can play anything. The U. K. performers union Equity has no policy on the use of actor or actress, an Equity spokesperson said that the union does not believe that there is a consensus on the matter and stated that the. subject divides the profession. In 2009, the Los Angeles Times stated that Actress remains the term used in major acting awards given to female recipients. However, player remains in use in the theatre, often incorporated into the name of a group or company, such as the American Players. Also, actors in improvisational theatre may be referred to as players, prior to Thespis act, Grecian stories were only expressed in song, dance, and in third person narrative. In honor of Thespis, actors are commonly called Thespians, the exclusively male actors in the theatre of ancient Greece performed in three types of drama, tragedy, comedy, and the satyr play. Western theatre developed and expanded considerably under the Romans, as the Western Roman Empire fell into decay through the 4th and 5th centuries, the seat of Roman power shifted to Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire. Records show that mime, pantomime, scenes or recitations from tragedies and comedies, dances, from the 5th century, Western Europe was plunged into a period of general disorder
3.
Hauts-de-Seine
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Hauts-de-Seine is a department of France. It is part of the Métropole du Grand Paris and of the Île-de-France region and it is small and densely populated and contains the modern office, theatre, and shopping complex known as La Défense. Its creation reflected the implementation of a law passed in 1964, in the 1990s and early 2000s, the Hauts-de-Seine received national attention as the result of a corruption scandal concerning the misuse of public funds provided for the departments housing projects. Implicated were former minister and former President of the council of the Hauts-de-Seine, Charles Pasqua. Hauts-de-Seine is Frances second wealthiest département and one of Europes richest areas and its GDP per capita was €62,374 in 2003, according to INSEE official figures. Hauts-de-Seine is the base of Nicolas Sarkozy, President of the Republic from 2007 to 2012. He was previously the mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine in the department, Charles Pasqua was also based in Hauts-de-Seine. Website of the General council Prefecture website
4.
French people
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The French are an ethnic group and nation who are identified with the country of France. This connection may be legal, historical, or cultural, modern French society can be considered a melting pot. To be French, according to the first article of the French Constitution, is to be a citizen of France, regardless of origin, race. The debate concerning the integration of this view with the underlying the European Community remains open. A large number of foreigners have traditionally been permitted to live in France, indeed, the country has long valued its openness, tolerance and the quality of services available. Application for French citizenship is often interpreted as a renunciation of previous state allegiance unless a dual citizenship agreement exists between the two countries, the European treaties have formally permitted movement and European citizens enjoy formal rights to employment in the state sector. Seeing itself as a nation with universal values, France has always valued. However, the success of such assimilation has recently called into question. There is increasing dissatisfaction with, and within, growing ethno-cultural enclaves, the 2005 French riots in some troubled and impoverished suburbs were an example of such tensions. However they should not be interpreted as ethnic conflicts but as social conflicts born out of socioeconomic problems endangering proper integration, the name France etymologically derives from the word Francia, the territory of the Franks. The Franks were a Germanic tribe that overran Roman Gaul at the end of the Roman Empire, in the pre-Roman era, all of Gaul was inhabited by a variety of peoples who were known collectively as the Gaulish tribes. Gaul was militarily conquered in 58-51 BCE by the Roman legions under the command of General Julius Caesar, the area then became part of the Roman Empire. Over the next five centuries the two cultures intermingled, creating a hybridized Gallo-Roman culture, the Gaulish vernacular language disappeared step by step to be replaced everywhere by Vulgar Latin, which would later develop under Frankish influence into the French language in the North of France. With the decline of the Roman Empire in Western Europe, a federation of Germanic peoples entered the picture, the Franks were Germanic pagans who began to settle in northern Gaul as laeti, already during the Roman era. They continued to filter across the Rhine River from present-day Netherlands, at the beginning, they served in the Roman army and reached high commands. Their language is spoken as a kind of Dutch in northern France. Another Germanic people immigrated massively to Alsace, the Alamans, which explains the Alemannic German spoken there and they were competitors of the Franks, thats why it became at the Renaissance time the word for German in French, Allemand. By the early 6th century the Franks, led by the Merovingian king Clovis I and his sons, had consolidated their hold on much of modern-day France, the Vikings eventually intermarried with the local people, converting to Christianity in the process
5.
The Measure of a Man (2015 film)
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The Measure of a Man is a 2015 French drama film directed by Stéphane Brizé. It was selected to compete for the Palme dOr at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival, at Cannes, Vincent Lindon won the award for Best Actor and the film won a commendation awarded by the Ecumenical Jury. Thierry has been unemployed for 18 months, having lost his job as a factory worker, at the age of 51, he lands a new job as a security guard in a supermarket. He tries to make ends meet in working-class France
6.
Boulogne-Billancourt
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Boulogne-Billancourt is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 8.2 km from the centre of Paris, Boulogne-Billancourt is a subprefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine department and the seat of the Arrondissement of Boulogne-Billancourt. With an average income in 2013 of €47,592, nearly twice the French average of €25,548. Boulogne-Billancourt is the most populous suburb of Paris and one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe, formerly an important industrial site, it has successfully reconverted into business services and is now home to major communication companies headquartered in the Val de Seine business district. The original name of the commune was Boulogne-sur-Seine, before the 14th century, Boulogne was a small village called Menuls-lès-Saint-Cloud. The church, meant to become a pilgrimage centre closer to Paris than the distant city of Boulogne-sur-Mer, was named Notre-Dame de Boulogne la Petite, gradually, the village of Menuls-lès-Saint-Cloud became known as Boulogne-la-Petite, and later as Boulogne-sur-Seine. In 1924, Boulogne-sur-Seine was officially renamed Boulogne-Billancourt to reflect the development of the neighbourhood of Billancourt annexed in 1860. As for the name Billancourt, it was recorded for the first time in 1150 as Bullencort and it comes from Medieval Latin cortem, accusative of cors, meaning enclosure, estate, suffixed to the Germanic patronym Buolo, thus having the meaning of estate of Buolo. On 1 January 1860, the city of Paris was enlarged by annexing neighbouring communes, on that occasion, the communes of Auteuil and Passy were disbanded and divided between Boulogne-Billancourt and the city of Paris. Boulogne-sur-Seine received a part of the territory of Passy. Some of the events of the 1900 Summer Olympics took place in Boulogne-Billancourt. In 1929, the Bois de Boulogne, which was divided between the communes of Boulogne-Billancourt and Neuilly-sur-Seine, was annexed in its entirety by the city of Paris. On that occasion, Boulogne-Billancourt, to which most of the Bois de Boulogne belonged, Boulogne-Billancourt is famous for being the birthplace of three major French industries, cinema, automobile with Renault at Île Seguin, and aircraft. It is also famous for being the setting of the TV show Code Lyoko, with the city of Sèvres, Boulogne-Billancourt is part of the communauté dagglomération Val de Seine. Boulogne-Billancourt is served by two stations on Paris Métro Line 10, Boulogne – Jean Jaurès and Boulogne – Pont de Saint-Cloud and it is also served by three stations on Paris Métro Line 9, Marcel Sembat, Billancourt, and Pont de Sèvres. The Musée Albert-Kahn at 14, rue du Port, Boulogne-Billancourt is a museum and includes four hectares of gardens. The museum also includes photographs and film. The Musée des Années Trente is a museum of artistic and industrial objects from the 1930s, see also, Enseignement à Boulogne-Billancourt The public collèges in the commune include Jacqueline-Auriol, Bartholdi, Paul-Landowski, and Jean-Renoir
7.
Sandrine Kiberlain
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Sandrine Kiberlain is a French actress and singer. She has often worked with the director Laetitia Masson, and has worked with Benoît Jacquot. Kiberlain attended Cours Florent 1987-1989 and French National Academy of Dramatic Arts 1989-1992, Kiberlain received the Prix Romy Schneider in 1995. In addition to her career, she also has recorded an album. Her second album Coupés bien net et bien carré was released in October 2007, in 1993, she met Vincent Lindon on movie sets and they married in 1998. In 2000, the couple had a daughter, Suzanne and they separated after ten years together. The March 5,2015, she appeared on the cover of Paris-Match, Kiberlain is a member of the Les Enfoirés charity ensemble since 1997. Manquait plus quça Coupés bien net et bien carré La Chanteuse Vole Sandrine Kiberlain at the Internet Movie Database
8.
Mathieu Lindon
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Mathieu Lindon, born in Caen,9 August 1955, is a French journalist and writer. He is the youngest son of publisher Jérôme Lindon, and the first cousin of actor Vincent Lindon and he won the Médicis Prize in 2011. He spent his youth in a wealthy secularized family of Jewish origins with family connections with the Citroën family and his father was a well-known publisher, highly estimated by left wing and New Wave intellectuals. Mathieu Lindon was a friend of Michel Foucault with whom he lived. He was also friend of writer Hervé Guibert with whom he won a scholarship at Villa Medicis in Rome between 1987 and 1989, Hervé Guibert recorded it in LIncognito, published in 1989. From the 1980s, Mathieu Lindon has been a journalist at Libération and he has written a pamphlet against Jean-Marie Le Pen in 1998. He is openly homosexual and his work often with gay thematic. 1983, Nos plaisirs, under the name Pierre-Sébastien Heudaux, Éditions de Minuit,1986, Le Livre de Jim Courage, POL1987, Prince et Léonardours, POL1987, LHomme qui vomit, POL1993, Je taime. 1994, Champion du monde, POL1994, Le Cœur de To, POL1996, Merci, POL1998, Les Apeurés, POL1998, Le Procès de Jean-Marie Le Pen, POL2000,2013, Une vie pornographique, POL, Prix du zorba 2013. Mathieu Lindon on P. O. Ls official site David Caron, University of Michigan, Sex and Drugs and Literature, about Ce quaimer veut dire
9.
Jules Armand Dufaure
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Jules Armand Stanislas Dufaure was a French statesman. Dufaure was born at Saujon, Charente-Maritime, and began his career as an advocate at Bordeaux and he abandoned law for politics and, in 1834, was elected deputy. In 1839, he became minister of works in the ministry of Jean-de-Dieu Soult. Losing office in 1840, Dufaure became one of the leaders of the Opposition, on 13 October, he became minister of the interior under Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, but retired on the latters defeat in the presidential election. During the Second French Empire, Dufaure abstained from public life, in 1863, he succeeded to Étienne-Denis Pasquiers seat in the Académie française. In 1871, he became a member of the Assembly, Dufaure became the minister of justice as chief of the party of the left-centre, and his tenure of office was distinguished by the passage of the jury-law. In 1873, he fell with Thiers, but in 1875 resumed his former post under Louis Buffet, whom he succeeded on 9 March 1876, in the same year, he was elected a life senator. On 12 December, he withdrew from the ministry owing to the attacks of the republicans of the left in the chamber, after the conservatives defeat on 16 May, he returned to power on 24 December 1877. Early in 1879, Dufaure took part in compelling the resignation of Patrice MacMahon, duc de Magenta, as Prime Minister, he served as the Acting President of the Republic on 30 January 1879. See G Picot, M. Dufaure, sa vie et ses discours,5 June 1871 – Ernest Courtot de Cissey succeeds Le Flô as Minister of War. Félix Lambrecht succeeds Picard as Minister of the Interior, victor Lefranc succeeds Lambrecht as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce. Eugène de Goulard succeeds Lefranc as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce,23 April 1872 – Eugène de Goulard succeeds Pouyer-Quertier as Minister of Finance. Pierre Teisserenc de Bort succeeds Goulard as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce,7 December 1872 – Eugène de Goulard succeeds Lefranc as Minister of the Interior. Léon Say succeeds Goulard as Minister of Finance, oscar Bardi de Fourtou succeeds Larcy as Minister of Public Works. 15 August 1876 – Jean Auguste Berthaud succeeds Courtot de Cissey as Minister of War and this article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain, Chisholm, Hugh, ed. article name needed
10.
Diary of a Chambermaid (2015 film)
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Diary of a Chambermaid is a 2015 French drama film directed by Benoît Jacquot, and written by Jacquot and Hélène Zimmer. It was screened in the competition section of the 65th Berlin International Film Festival and was released on 1 April 2015. Monsieur Lanlaire has a reputation for molesting and impregnating his chambermaids, while Madame Lanlaire is known for her domineering attitude over her servants and often fires her chambermaids. She also meets the other servants, Marianne, the overweight and homely cook and the mysterious, older Joseph, the groom, another significant post was her satisfying employment with the sickly young Georges and his kindly grandmother. Numb from the experience, she leaves the position, monsieur Lanlaire quickly sets his sights on Célestine, who rebuffs his advances while secretly plotting to manipulate him. The neighbor, Captain Mauger, who has bequeathed his estate to the servant. Célestine also plots to use Capt Mauger for her own ambitions, Célestine finds respite in gossip at the house of the village abortionist and in commiserating with Marianne. One night, after talking with Marianne, Célestine hears agonized screams coming from the forest, the next day, she visits Joseph and learns that he is a rabid anti-Semite and propagates anti-Dreyfus propaganda on behalf of local priests. He dreams of owning a business where he can provide a rendezvous for militant right-wing nationalists, Célestine suspects that Joseph is the murderer, as he could be placed at the scene of the crime, but this only makes her more fascinated with him. Rose dies and Capt Mauger admits to Célestine that Rose had disappointed him after getting a servant of her own and he had hoped to die before her, as he had secretly made a second will nullifying the first, ensuring that Rose would inherit nothing. Capt Mauger offers for Célestine to work for him in the work and sexual arrangement than Rose had with him. Ultimately, she professes her attraction to Joseph and begs to join him, after having sex with her, he has Célestine assist him in the theft of the Lanlaires silverware that would fund his plan, a theft which is blamed on a pair of famous French thieves. Joseph shoots dead both the dogs, police start the probe into the dacoity. The police get no clues even after days of investigation. One night, she sees Josephs signal through her window and joins him, ruminating that she has been out-manipulated, acknowledging that he is a devil and they leave for Cherbourg and the carriage disappears into the darkness. Producer Kristina Larsen stated that Jacquot’s version will be the most faithful adaptation of Mirbeau’s novel, in February 2013, Marion Cotillard was in talks to play the central character Célestine, but later dropped out of the film over scheduling conflicts with Macbeth. On 10 April, Cineuropa reported that the Île-de-France Region’s Support Fund for the Film, principal photography commenced on 10 June 2014 and concluded on 30 July. Filming took place in northern France and also at locations in, on 14 January 2015, it was announced that Diary of a Chambermaid had been selected to be screened in competition at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival
