Vine training
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The use of vine training systems in viticulture is aimed primarily to assist in canopy management with finding the balance in enough foliage to facilitate photosynthesis without excessive shading that could impede grape ripening or promote grape diseases. Additional benefits of utilizing particular training systems could be to control potential yields and to facilitate mechanization of certain vineyard tasks such as pruning, irrigation, applying pesticide or fertilizing sprays as well as harvesting the grapes.
Vines are trained into a variety of styles that aid the growers in managing the canopy and controlling yields.
The practice of training vines to individual stakes, as shown here in a vineyard in Valtellina DOC, has been practiced in Italy since at least the time of the ancient Greeks and Romans.
Most vine training systems are designed to ensure adequate sunlight and air circulation throughout the canopy such as these Lyre trained vines in Napa Valley.
Different components of a grapevine including cordons and fruiting canes
Trellis (architecture)
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A trellis (treillage) is an architectural structure, usually made from an open framework or lattice of interwoven or intersecting pieces of wood, bamboo or metal that is normally made to support and display climbing plants, especially shrubs.
Trellis in the courtyard of the Wernberg monastery, Wernberg, Carinthia, Austria
A series of trellises forms the wall of a garden room.
A trellis supports a climbing rose in a raised garden box.
Trellis arcade supporting a vine in French India