Vis-à-vis (carriage)
Videos
Vis-à-vis has two meanings in carriage driving: a general seating arrangement with passengers sitting face-to-face, and a specific narrow carriage for just two passengers.
Passengers sitting vis-à-vis
Vis-à-vis seating arrangement in a tourist carriage, Vienna 2005
An example of a narrow vis-à-vis horse-drawn carriage for just two passengers
1902 Test & Moret Vis-à-vis automobile
Berlin (carriage)
Videos
A Berlin, or Berline, carriage is a type of enclosed four-wheeled coach. The word "Berlin" was initially applied to the new style of undercarriage using two perch rails and having the body suspended b
Early Berlin showing the double perch and leather brace system
Later Berlin showing a single undercarriage perch and 4 additional elliptical steel springs
Berlin coupé
1908 FN 2000 berline with fully enclosed cabin