Seamus Heaney
Seamus Justin Heaney was an Irish poet and translator. He received the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature. Among his best-known works is Death of his first major published volume. Heaney was born in the townland of Northern Ireland, his family moved to nearby Bellaghy. He became a lecturer at St. Joseph's College in Belfast in the early 1960s, after attending Queen's University and began to publish poetry, he lived in Sandymount, from 1976 until his death. He lived part-time in the United States from 1981 to 2006. Heaney was recognised as one of the principal contributors to poetry during his lifetime. Heaney was a professor at Harvard from 1981 to 1997, its Poet in Residence from 1988 to 2006. From 1989 to 1994, he was the Professor of Poetry at Oxford. In 1996, was made a Commandeur de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres and in 1998 was bestowed the title Saoi of the Aosdána. Other awards that he received include the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize, the E. M. Forster Award, the PEN Translation Prize, the Golden Wreath of Poetry, the T. S. Eliot Prize and two Whitbread Prizes.
In 2011, he was awarded the Griffin Poetry Prize and in 2012, a Lifetime Recognition Award from the Griffin Trust. His literary papers are held by the National Library of Ireland. American poet Robert Lowell described him as "the most important Irish poet since Yeats", many others, including the academic John Sutherland, have said that he was "the greatest poet of our age". Robert Pinsky has stated that "with his wonderful gift of eye and ear Heaney has the gift of the story-teller." Upon his death in 2013, The Independent described him as "probably the best-known poet in the world". His body is buried at the Cemetery of St. Mary's Church, Northern Ireland; the headstone bears the epitaph "Walk on air against your better judgement", from one of his poems, "The Gravel Walks". Heaney was born on 13 April 1939, at the family farmhouse called Mossbawn, between Castledawson and Toomebridge. In 1953, his family moved to Bellaghy, a few miles away, now the family home, his father, Patrick Heaney, was the eighth child of ten born to Sarah Heaney.
Patrick was a farmer, but his real commitment was to cattle dealing, to which he was introduced by the uncles who had cared for him after the early death of his own parents. Heaney's mother, Margaret Kathleen McCann, who bore nine children, came from the McCann family, her uncles and relations were employed in the local linen mill, her aunt had worked as a maid for the mill owner's family. Heaney commented that his parentage contained both the Ireland of the cattle-herding Gaelic past and the Ulster of the Industrial Revolution. Heaney attended Anahorish Primary School. Heaney's younger brother, was killed in a road accident while Heaney was studying at St. Columb's; the poems "Mid-Term Break" and "The Blackbird of Glanmore" are related to his brother's death. In 1957, Heaney travelled to Belfast to study English Language and Literature at Queen's University Belfast. During his time in Belfast, he found a copy of Ted Hughes's Lupercal, which spurred him to write poetry. "Suddenly, the matter of contemporary poetry was the material of my own life," he said.
He graduated in 1961 with a First Class Honours degree. During teacher training at St Joseph's Teacher Training College in Belfast, Heaney went on a placement to St Thomas' secondary Intermediate School in west Belfast; the headmaster of this school was the writer Michael McLaverty from County Monaghan, who introduced Heaney to the poetry of Patrick Kavanagh. With McLaverty's mentorship, Heaney first started to publish poetry in 1962. Hillan describes. In the introduction to McLaverty's Collected Works, Heaney summarised the poet's contribution and influence: "His voice was modestly pitched, he never sought the limelight, yet for all that, his place in our literature is secure." Heaney's poem Fosterage, in the sequence Singing School from North, is dedicated to him. In 1963, Heaney became a lecturer at St Joseph's, in the spring of 1963, after contributing various articles to local magazines, he came to the attention of Philip Hobsbaum an English lecturer at Queen's University. Hobsbaum set up a Belfast Group of local young poets, Heaney was able to meet other Belfast poets such as Derek Mahon and Michael Longley.
In August 1965, he married a school teacher and native of Ardboe, County Tyrone. Heaney's first book, Eleven Poems, was published in November 1965 for the Queen's University Festival. In 1966, Faber and Faber published called Death of a Naturalist; this collection was met with much critical acclaim and won several awards, including the Gregory Award for Young Writers and the Geoffrey Faber Prize. In 1966, Heaney was appointed as a lecturer in Modern English Literature at Queen's University Belfast; that year his first son, was born. A second son, was born in 1968; that same year, with Michael Longley, Heaney took part in a reading tour called Room to Rhyme, which increased awareness of the poet's work. In 1969, his second major volume, Door into the D
Joseph Stiglitz
Joseph Eugene Stiglitz is an American economist, public policy analyst, a professor at Columbia University. He is a recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in the John Bates Clark Medal, he is a former senior vice president and chief economist of the World Bank and is a former member and chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers. He is known for his support of Georgist public finance theory and for his critical view of the management of globalization, of laissez-faire economists, of international institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. In 2000, Stiglitz founded the Initiative for Policy Dialogue, a think tank on international development based at Columbia University, he has been a member of the Columbia faculty since 2001, received that university's highest academic rank in 2003. He was the founding chair of the university's Committee on Global Thought, he chairs the University of Manchester's Brooks World Poverty Institute. He is a member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences.
In 2009, the President of the United Nations General Assembly Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann, appointed Stiglitz as the chairman of the U. N. Commission on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System, where he oversaw suggested proposals and commissioned a report on reforming the international monetary and financial system, he served as chair of the international Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, appointed by President Sarkozy of France, which issued its report in 2010, Mismeasuring our Lives: Why GDP doesn't add up, serves as co-chair of its successor, the High Level Expert Group on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress. From 2011 to 2014, Stiglitz was president of the International Economic Association, he presided over the organization of the IEA triennial world congress held near the Dead Sea in Jordan in June 2014. Stiglitz has received more than 40 honorary degrees, including from Cambridge and Harvard, he has been decorated by several governments including Bolivia, Colombia and most France, where he was appointed a member of the Legion of Honor, order Officer.
In 2011 Stiglitz was named by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world. Stiglitz's work focuses on income distribution from a Georgist perspective, asset risk management, corporate governance, international trade, he is the author of several books, the latest being The Euro: How a Common Currency Threatens the Future of Europe, The Great Divide: Unequal Societies and What We Can Do About Them, Rewriting the Rules of the American Economy: An Agenda for Growth and Shared Prosperity, Creating a Learning Society: A New Approach to Growth Development and Social Progress. Stiglitz was born in Gary, Indiana, to Charlotte, a schoolteacher, Nathaniel David Stiglitz, an insurance salesman. Stiglitz graduated from Amherst College in 1964, where he was active on the debate team and president of the student government. During his senior year at Amherst College, he studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he pursued graduate work. From 1965 to 1966, he moved to the University of Chicago to do research under Hirofumi Uzawa who had received an NSF grant.
He studied for his PhD from MIT from 1966 to 1967, during which time he held an MIT assistant professorship. Stiglitz stated that the particular style of MIT economics suited him well, describing it as "simple and concrete models, directed at answering important and relevant questions."From 1966 to 1970 he was a research fellow at the University of Cambridge. Stiglitz arrived at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge as a Fulbright Scholar in 1965, he won a Tapp Junior Research Fellowship at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, instrumental in shaping his understanding of Keynes and macroeconomic theory. In subsequent years, he held academic positions at Yale and Princeton. Stiglitz is now a professor at Columbia University, with appointments at the Business School, the Department of Economics and the School of International and Public Affairs, is editor of The Economists' Voice journal with J. Bradford DeLong and Aaron Edlin, he gives classes for a double-degree program between Sciences Po Paris and École Polytechnique in'Economics and Public Policy'.
He has chaired The Brooks World Poverty Institute at the University of Manchester since 2005. Stiglitz is considered a New-Keynesian economist, although at least one economics journalist says his work cannot be so categorised. In addition to making numerous influential contributions to macroeconomics, Stiglitz has played a number of policy roles, he served in the Clinton administration as the chair of the President's Council of Economic Advisers. At the World Bank, he served as senior vice-president and chief economist, in the time when unprecedented protest against international economic organizations started, most prominently with the Seattle WTO meeting of 1999, he was fired by the World Bank for expressing dissent with its policies. He was a lead author of the 1995 Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which shared the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007, he is a member of Collegium International, an organization of leaders with political and ethical expertise whose goal is to provide new approaches in overcoming the obstacles in the way of a peaceful just and an economically sustainable world.
He is a member of the scientific committee of the Fundacion IDEAS, a Spanish think tank and a regular c
Fareed Zakaria
Fareed Rafiq Zakaria is an Indian-American journalist, political scientist, author. He writes a weekly column for The Washington Post, he has been a columnist for Newsweek, editor of Newsweek International, an editor at large of Time. Zakaria was born in India, to a Konkani Muslim family, his father, Rafiq Zakaria, was a politician associated with the Indian National Congress and an Islamic theologian. His mother, Fatima Zakaria, was his father's second wife, she was for a time the editor of the Sunday Times of India. Zakaria attended John Connon School in Mumbai, he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from Yale University in 1986, where he was president of the Yale Political Union, editor in chief of the Yale Political Monthly, a member of the Scroll and Key society, a member of the Party of the Right. He gained a Ph. D. in government from Harvard University in 1993, where he studied under Samuel P. Huntington and Stanley Hoffmann, as well as international relations theorist Robert Keohane. After directing a research project on American foreign policy at Harvard, Zakaria became the managing editor of Foreign Affairs in 1992, at the age of 28.
Under his guidance, the magazine was moved from a quarterly to a bimonthly schedule. He served as an adjunct professor at Columbia University, where he taught a seminar on international relations. In October 2000, he was named editor of Newsweek International, became a weekly columnist for Newsweek. In August 2010 he moved to Time to serve as editor columnist, he writes a weekly column for The Washington Post and is a contributing editor for the Atlantic Media group, which includes The Atlantic Monthly. He has published on a variety of subjects for The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, The New Yorker, The New Republic. For a brief period, he was a wine columnist for the web magazine Slate. Zakaria is the author of From Wealth to Power: The Unusual Origins of America's World Role, The Future of Freedom, The Post-American World, In Defense of a Liberal Education, he co-edited The American Encounter: The United States and the Making of the Modern World with James F. Hoge Jr, his last three books have both been New York Times bestsellers and The Future of Freedom and The Post American World have both been translated into more than 25 languages.
In 2011 an updated and expanded edition of The Post-American World was published. Zakaria was a news analyst with ABC's This Week with George Stephanopoulos where he was a member of the Sunday morning roundtable, he hosted the weekly TV news show, Foreign Exchange with Fareed Zakaria on PBS. His weekly show, Fareed Zakaria GPS, premiered on CNN in June 2008, it airs twice weekly in the United States and four times weekly on CNN International, reaching over 200 million homes. It celebrated its 10th anniversary on June 5, 2018, as announced on the weekly foreign affairs show on CNN. In 2013 he became one of the producers for the HBO series Vice. Zakaria, a member of the Berggruen Institute, additionally features as an interlocutor for the annual Berggruen Prize. Zakaria self-identifies as a "centrist", though he has been described variously as a political liberal, a conservative, a moderate, or a radical centrist. George Stephanopoulos said of him in 2003, "He's so well versed in politics, he can't be pigeonholed.
I can't be sure whenever I turn to him where he's going to be coming from or what he's going to say." Zakaria wrote in February 2008 that "Conservatism grew powerful in the 1970s and 1980s because it proposed solutions appropriate to the problems of the age", adding that "a new world requires new thinking". He supported Barack Obama during the 2008 Democratic primary campaign and for president. In January 2009 Forbes referred to Zakaria as one of the 25 most influential liberals in the American media. Zakaria has stated that he tries not to be devoted to any type of ideology, saying "I feel that's part of my job..., not to pick sides but to explain what I think is happening on the ground. I can't say,'This is my team and I'm going to root for them no matter what they do.'" As a student at Yale University in the mid 1980s, Zakaria opposed anti-apartheid divestment and argued that Yale should not divest from its holdings in South Africa. Zakaria "may have more intellectual range and insights than any other public thinker in the West," wrote David Shribman in The Boston Globe.
In 2003, former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger told New York Magazine that Zakaria “has a first-class mind and likes to say things that run against conventional wisdom.” However, in 2011, the editors of The New Republic included him in a list of "over-rated thinkers" and commented, "There's something suspicious about a thinker always so in tune with the moment."Zakaria's books include The Future of Freedom and The Post-American World. The Future of Freedom argues that what is defined as democracy in the Western world is "liberal democracy", a combination of constitutional liberalism and participatory politics. Zakaria points out that protection of liberty and the rule of law preceded popular elections by centuries in Western Europe, that when countries only adopt elections without the protection of liberty, they create "illiberal democracy"; the Post-American World, published in 2008 before the financial crisis, argued that the most important trend of modern times is the "rise of the rest," the economic emergence of China, India and other countries.
From 2006, Zakaria has criticized what he views as "fear-based" American policies employed not only in comba
Andre Dubus III
Andre Dubus III is an American novelist and short story writer. He is a member of the faculty at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. Born in Oceanside, California, to Patricia and Louisiana-born writer Andre Dubus, Dubus grew up in mill towns in the Merrimack River valley along the Massachusetts-New Hampshire border with his three siblings: Suzanne and Nicole, he began writing fiction at age 22, a few months after graduating from the University of Texas at Austin with a bachelor's degree in sociology. To support himself, Dubus worked as a carpenter, office cleaner, personal investigator, corrections counselor, halfway house counselor, his first published short story, "Forky", was published by Playboy when Dubus was 23. Dubus's novel, House of Sand and Fog, was a finalist for the National Book Award and was adapted for an Academy Award-nominated film of the same name; the book was a No. 1 New York Times best-seller. His 2011 memoir Townie tells of growing up poor in Haverhill after his parents' divorce, street fighting, boxing, deals extensively with his relationship with his father.
The novel "Gone So Long" was published in 2018. Daniel Ahearn committed a violent act that changed the lives of many, including members of his own family. Forty years and sick, he aims to set things right, he is set on visiting his estranged daughter, whom he has not seen in decades. A member of PEN American Center, Dubus has served as a panelist for the National Book Foundation and the National Endowment for the Arts, he has taught writing at Harvard University, Tufts University, Emerson College, the University of Massachusetts Lowell, where he is a full-time faculty member. In November 2018 Oprah Winfrey was a guest at UMass Lowell, considered the results of an over three-year effort made by Dubus, he met Winfrey in 2000 when appearing on her show, after the release of his novel House of Sand and Fog. Dubus's work has been included in The Best American Essays 1994, The Best Spiritual Writing 1999, The Best of Hope Magazine, he has been awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship, the National Magazine Award for fiction, the Pushcart Prize.
He was a finalist for the Rome Prize awarded by the American Academy of Letters. Dubus's novel House of Sand and Fog was a fiction finalist for the National Book Award, the Los Angeles Times Book Prize, Booksense Book of the Year, it was on the New York Times bestseller list. The 2003 film adaptation directed by Vadim Perelman was nominated for three Oscars, a Golden Globe and 39 other prizes, it won 13 nominations. Townie included in the Editors Choice section. Dirty Love was included in the Editors Choice section of the New York Times. For the 2013 audio book, read by Dubus, he won the AudioFile Earphone Award. Bluesman House of Sand and Fog The Garden of Last Days Dirty Love Gone So Long ISBN 978-0393244106 The Cage Keeper and Other Stories. Contains 7 short stories: "The Cage Keeper" "Duckling Girl" "Wolves in the Marsh" "Forky" "Mountains" "White Trees, Hammer Moon" "Last Dance" Townie: A Memoir "Blood, Knit, Purl". Knitting Yarns: Writers on Knitting edited by Ann Hood Dubus is married to performer Fontaine Dollas.
They reside in Newbury, with their three children. The Official Website of Andre Dubus III Bostonist interviews Andre Dubus III about his novel The Garden of Last Days Video: Andre Dubus III discusses his novel The Garden of Last Days on YouTube Video: Andre Dubus III speaks at BookExpo on YouTube 2003 Interview on NPR's Fresh Air 2013 Interview on The Lit Show
Stephen Dunn
Stephen Dunn is an American poet and educator. Dunn has written fifteen collections of poetry, he won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry for his 2001 collection, Different Hours and has received an Academy Award in Literature from the American Academy of Arts and Letters. Among his other awards are three National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowships, Guggenheim Fellowship, Rockefeller Foundations Fellowship. A collection of essays about Dunn's poetry was published in 2013, he was born in Forest Hills, New York. Dunn completed his B. A. in English at Hofstra University and his M. A. in creative writing at Syracuse University. He has taught at Wichita State University, University of Washington, Columbia University, University of Michigan, Princeton University, at Stockton University. Dunn had earlier lived in Port Republic, New Jersey, now spends time at homes in Ocean City, New Jersey, his wife's hometown of Frostburg, Maryland. CollectionsDunn, Stephen. 5 impersonations. Marshall, Minn.: Ox Head Press.
Looking for Holes in the Ceiling: Poems, University of Massachusetts Press, 1974. ISBN 9780870231544 Full of Lust and Good Usage, Carnegie-Mellon University Press, 1976. ISBN 9780915604074 A Circus of Needs, Carnegie-Mellon University Press, 1978. ISBN 9780915604500 Work and Love, Carnegie-Mellon University Press, 1981. ISBN 9780915604609 Not Dancing, Carnegie-Mellon University Press, 1984. ISBN 9780887480003 Local Time, Quill/Morrow, 1986. ISBN 9780688062965 Between Angels: Poems, W. W. Norton & Company, 1989. ISBN 9780393026917 Landscape at the End of the Century: Poems, W. W. Norton & Company, 1991. ISBN 9780393029727 New and Selected Poems: 1974-1994, W. W. Norton & Company, 1994. Loosestrife: Poems, W. W. Norton & Companyn, 1996. Riffs & Reciprocities: Prose Pairs, W. W. Norton & Company, 1998. Different Hours, W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 9780393322323 The Insistence of Beauty: Poems, W. W. Norton & Company, 2004. ISBN 9780393059557 Local Visitations: Poems, Norton, 2004, ISBN 9780393326031 Everything Else in the World, W. W. Norton & Company, 2006.
What Goes On: Selected and New Poems 1995-2009, W. W. Norton, 2009. Here and Now: Poems, W. W. Norton & Company, 2011. ISBN 9780393080216 Lines of Defense, W. W. Norton & Company, 2014. ISBN 9780393240818 Whereas: Poems, W. W. Norton & Company, 2017. ISBN 978-0393254679List of poems Walking Light: Memoirs and Essays on Poetry, BOA Editions, Ltd. 2001. ISBN 9781929918003 Interview with Stephen Dunn for The Cortland Review. Author Interview in The Commonline Journal, #011 Author interview for Guernica Magazine Article on Dunn winning the 2001 Pulitzer Prize "The Lost Thing" - a poem by Stephen Dunn Stephen Dunn biography Audio: Stephen Dunn reads "Talk to God" from the book What Goes On
New York (state)
New York is a state in the Northeastern United States. New York was one of the original thirteen colonies. With an estimated 19.54 million residents in 2018, it is the fourth most populous state. To distinguish the state from the city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State; the state's most populous city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population. Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, nearly 40% lives on Long Island; the state and city were both named for the 17th century Duke of York, the future King James II of England. With an estimated population of 8.62 million in 2017, New York City is the most populous city in the United States and the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. The New York metropolitan area is one of the most populous in the world. New York City is a global city, home to the United Nations Headquarters and has been described as the cultural and media capital of the world, as well as the world's most economically powerful city.
The next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. The 27th largest U. S. state in land area, New York has a diverse geography. The state is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut and Vermont to the east; the state has a maritime border with Rhode Island, east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Quebec to the north and Ontario to the northwest. The southern part of the state is in the Atlantic coastal plain and includes Long Island and several smaller associated islands, as well as New York City and the lower Hudson River Valley; the large Upstate New York region comprises several ranges of the wider Appalachian Mountains, the Adirondack Mountains in the Northeastern lobe of the state. Two major river valleys – the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley – bisect these more mountainous regions. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes region and borders Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, Niagara Falls.
The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, a popular vacation and tourist destination. New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. French colonists and Jesuit missionaries arrived southward from Montreal for trade and proselytizing. In 1609, the region was visited by Henry Hudson sailing for the Dutch East India Company; the Dutch built Fort Nassau in 1614 at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers, where the present-day capital of Albany developed. The Dutch soon settled New Amsterdam and parts of the Hudson Valley, establishing the multicultural colony of New Netherland, a center of trade and immigration. England seized the colony from the Dutch in 1664. During the American Revolutionary War, a group of colonists of the Province of New York attempted to take control of the British colony and succeeded in establishing independence. In the 19th century, New York's development of access to the interior beginning with the Erie Canal, gave it incomparable advantages over other regions of the U.
S. built its political and cultural ascendancy. Many landmarks in New York are well known, including four of the world's ten most-visited tourist attractions in 2013: Times Square, Central Park, Niagara Falls, Grand Central Terminal. New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance, environmental sustainability. New York's higher education network comprises 200 colleges and universities, including Columbia University, Cornell University, New York University, the United States Military Academy, the United States Merchant Marine Academy, University of Rochester, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top 40 in the nation and world; the tribes in what is now New York were predominantly Algonquian. Long Island was divided in half between the Wampanoag and Lenape; the Lenape controlled most of the region surrounding New York Harbor.
North of the Lenape was the Mohicans. Starting north of them, from east to west, were three Iroquoian nations: the Mohawk, the original Iroquois and the Petun. South of them, divided along Appalachia, were the Susquehannock and the Erie. Many of the Wampanoag and Mohican peoples were caught up in King Philip's War, a joint effort of many New England tribes to push Europeans off their land. After the death of their leader, Chief Philip Metacomet, most of those peoples fled inland, splitting into the Abenaki and the Schaghticoke. Many of the Mohicans remained in the region until the 1800s, however, a small group known as the Ouabano migrated southwest into West Virginia at an earlier time, they may have merged with the Shawnee. The Mohawk and Susquehannock were the most militaristic. Trying to corner trade with the Europeans, they targeted other tribes; the Mohawk were known for refusing white settlement on their land and banishing any of their people who converted to Christianity. They posed a major threat to the Abenaki and Mohicans, while the Susquehannock conquered the Lenape in the 1600s.
The most devastating event of the century, was the Beaver Wars. From 1640–1680, Iroquoian peoples waged campaigns which extended from modern-day Michigan to Virginia against Algonquian and Siouan tribes, as well as each other; the ai
Kate Brown
Katherine Brown is an American attorney and politician, the 38th governor of Oregon. A member of the Democratic Party, she served in the Oregon House of Representatives, in the Oregon State Senate, as Oregon Secretary of State, she became governor in February 2015 following the resignation of John Kitzhaber, won the special election the following year, was reelected in 2018. Brown is the first bisexual governor in the United States, the first LGBT person elected governor in the United States, the second female governor of Oregon after Barbara Roberts. Brown was born in Torrejón de Ardoz, Community of Madrid, where her father was serving in the United States Air Force, grew up in Minnesota, she graduated from Mounds View High School in Arden Hills, Minnesota in 1978. She earned a Bachelor of Arts in Environmental Conservation with a certificate in Women's Studies from the University of Colorado at Boulder in 1981 and a J. D. degree and certificate in Environmental Law from the Northwestern School of Law at Lewis and Clark College in 1985.
Brown was appointed to the Oregon House of Representatives in 1991, filling a vacancy left by predecessor Judy Bauman, who took an executive appointment. She was elected to a second term before being elected to the Oregon State Senate in 1996. Two years she was elected Senate Democratic Leader. In July 2007, Brown announced that she would give up her seat in the Oregon Senate to be a candidate for Oregon Secretary of State in 2008. On May 20, 2008, Brown won the election for the Democratic nomination for Secretary of State, on November 5 she won the general election by a 51–46% margin against Republican candidate Rick Dancer. Coming into office, one of Brown’s priorities was to perform rigorous performance audits to help balance the budget. In 2008, for every dollar the State spent, performance audits returned $8 in cost savings. In 2010, Brown reported she delivered $64 in cost savings and efficiencies for every dollar invested in the Division. In 2009, Brown introduced and passed House Bill 2005 to crack down on fraud and abuse in the initiative and referendum system.
It gave the Secretary of State more power to prosecute fraud and enforce the constitutional ban on paying per signature on initiatives. Brown implemented online voter registration; as of March 2010, a year after its introduction, Oregon Public Broadcasting noted nearly 87,000 Oregonians had registered online to vote. In 2009, the Aspen Institute named Brown as one of 24 "Rising Stars" in American politics and awarded her with a Rodel Fellowship; the program is a two-year fellowship designed to break down partisan barriers and explore the responsibilities of public leadership and good governance. In October 2012, StateTech magazine highlighted Brown's use of iPad and tablet technology to increase accessibility for voters with disabilities. In 2011, Oregon became the first jurisdiction in the country to use this technology to help voters with disabilities mark their ballots. In January 2015, Brown submitted a letter to the Federal Communications Commission in support of the purchase of Time Warner Cable by Comcast, entirely ghostwritten by Comcast, a company that has made a total of over $10,000 in donations to her past election campaigns.
On February 13, 2015, Governor John Kitzhaber announced his pending resignation, amid a public corruption scandal. Brown named Brian Shipley, a lobbyist for Oregon Health & Science University and former deputy chief of staff to Governor Ted Kulongoski, as her chief of staff; as her secretary of state, she appointed Jeanne Atkins. Upon taking office, Brown announced that she would extend the moratorium on executions her predecessor had enacted, she signed a "motor voter" bill she had championed while secretary of state, to automatically register voters using their driver's license data. In July 2016, Brown signed HB3402, which raised the maximum speed limit to 70 MPH on I-82 and sections of I-84 and US-95; the maximum allowed speed limit allowed on Oregon highways was 65. This bill raised speed limits on non-interstate highways in eastern Oregon from 55 to 65. Oregon law required a special election in November 2016 for the two years remaining in Kitzhaber's unfinished term as governor. By April 2016, Brown had raised over $800,000 for her campaign in 2016 alone, while her closest Democratic primary competitor, Julian Bell, had raised $33,000.
She defeated Bell, Chet Chance, Kevin M. Forsythe, Steve Johnson, Dave Stauffer for the Democratic nomination, she won the general election against Republican Party nominee Bud Pierce, Independent Party nominee Cliff Thomason, Libertarian Party nominee James Foster, Constitution Party nominee Aaron Donald Auer, receiving 51% of the vote. In January 2017, she named Nik Blosser as her third chief of staff following the resignation of former chief of staff Kristen Leonard. In June 2017, Brown signed into law the Oregon Equal Pay Act, which sought to reduce the gender pay gap by banning employers from using job seekers' prior salaries in hiring decisions. Brown announced in November 2017 she would run for her first full term as governor the following year, she was reelected in November 2018, defeating Republican Knute Buehler 50.0% to 43.9%, with Independent Party nominee Patrick Starnes, Libertarian Party nominee Nick Chen, Constitution Party nominee Aaron Auer, Progressive Party nominee Chris Henry taking the remaining votes.
In a November 2018 budget plan, Brown proposed a 30-year plan to limit Oregon's greenhouse gas emissions
