1.
Shampoo (film)
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Shampoo is a 1975 American satirical romantic comedy-drama film written by Robert Towne and Warren Beatty and directed by Hal Ashby. It stars Warren Beatty, Julie Christie and Goldie Hawn, with Lee Grant, Jack Warden, Tony Bill and in a film appearance. The film is set on Election Day 1968, the day Richard Nixon was first elected as President of the United States, and was released soon after the Watergate scandal had reached its conclusion. The political atmosphere provides a source of irony, since the audience. However, the theme of the film is not presidential politics but sexual politics. The lead character, George Roundy, is based on several actual hairdressers, including Jay Sebring and film producer Jon Peters. Sebring was brutally murdered by the Charles Manson family in 1969, according to the 2010 book Star, How Warren Beatty Seduced America by Peter Biskind, the screenwriter Towne based the character on Beverly Hills hairdresser Gene Shacove. Shampoo is set during a 24-hour period in 1968, on the eve of an election that would result in Richard Nixons election to the American presidency. He dreams of setting up his own business, but lacking the cash to do so, turns to wealthy lover Felicia. The principals adjourn to a posh counterculture party, and the night quickly descends into drugs, alcohol, in the films dramatic climax, Lester and Jill happen upon George and Jackie having vigorous sex on a kitchen floor. Just before their identities are revealed, an impressed Lester exclaims, am I right, or am I right. When Jill recognizes the writhing couple, she throws a chair at them, as George backpedals, trying to placate Jill, Jackie sees him for the cad he is, George realizes that Jackie is his true love and proposes to her. By then it is too late, Jackie announces that Lester is divorcing Felicia, with Felicia gone, Jill gone, and now Jackie gone, the film thus pairs sexual revelation with Georges deeper moral development, but ends bleakly for the protagonist, despite his epiphany. From reviews compiled retrospectively, review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 63% based on 30 reviews, commercially, Shampoo was a great success. Produced on a budget of $4 million, the film grossed $49,407,734 domestically and it was the fourth most successful film of 1975 by box office takings, beaten only by Jaws, One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, and The Rocky Horror Picture Show
2.
Richmond, Virginia
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Richmond is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. It is the center of the Richmond Metropolitan Statistical Area and the Greater Richmond Region and it was incorporated in 1742, and has been an independent city since 1871. As of the 2010 census, the population was 204,214, in 2015, the population was estimated to be 220,289, the Richmond Metropolitan Area has a population of 1,260,029, the third-most populous metro in the state. Richmond is located at the line of the James River,44 miles west of Williamsburg,66 miles east of Charlottesville. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties, the city is located at the intersections of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64, Major suburbs include Midlothian to the southwest, Glen Allen to the north and west, Short Pump to the west and Mechanicsville to the northeast. The site of Richmond had been an important village of the Powhatan Confederacy, and was settled by English colonists from Jamestown in 1609. The present city of Richmond was founded in 1737 and it became the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780. During the American Civil War, Richmond served as the capital of the Confederate States of America, the city entered the 20th century with one of the worlds first successful electric streetcar systems. The Jackson Ward neighborhood is a hub of African-American commerce. Richmonds economy is driven by law, finance, and government, with federal, state. Dominion Resources and MeadWestvaco, Fortune 500 companies, are headquartered in the city, in 1737, planter William Byrd II commissioned Major William Mayo to lay out the original town grid. The settlement was laid out in April 1737, and was incorporated as a town in 1742, Richmond recovered quickly from the war, and by 1782 was once again a thriving city. A permanent home for the new government, the Virginia State Capitol building, was designed by Thomas Jefferson with the assistance of Charles-Louis Clérisseau, after the American Revolutionary War, Richmond emerged as an important industrial center. The legacy of the canal boatmen is represented by the figure in the center of the city flag, on April 17,1861, five days after the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter, the legislature voted to secede from the United States and joined the Confederacy. Official action came in May, after the Confederacy promised to move its capital to Richmond. It became the target of Union armies, especially in the campaigns of 1862. The Seven Days Battles followed in late June and early July 1862, during which Union General McClellan threatened to take Richmond, three years later, as March 1865 ended, the Confederate capitol became indefensible. On March 25, Confederate General John B, gordons desperate attack on Fort Stedman east of Petersburg failed
3.
Annette Bening
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Annette Carol Bening is an American actress. She began her career on stage with the Colorado Shakespeare Festival company in 1980 and she was nominated for the 1987 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play for her Broadway debut in Coastal Disturbances. She is a four-time Academy Award nominee, for the films The Grifters, American Beauty, Being Julia, in 2006, she received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. After her film debut in the 1988 film The Great Outdoors, she starred in Valmont, Bugsy, The American President, The Siege, Open Range, Bening was born in Topeka, Kansas, the daughter of Shirley Katherine and Arnett Grant Bening. Her mother was a singer and soloist, and her father was a sales training consultant. Her parents, natives of Iowa, were practicing Episcopalians and conservative Republicans and she is of mostly German and English descent. Bening has one sister, Jane, and two brothers, Bradley and Byron, the family moved to Wichita, Kansas in 1959, where she spent her early childhood. In 1965, her father took a job with a company in San Diego, California and she began acting in junior high school, playing the lead in The Sound of Music. She graduated in 1975 from Patrick Henry High School, where she studied drama and she then spent a year working as a cook on a charter boat taking fishing parties out on the Pacific Ocean, and scuba diving for recreation. Bening attended San Diego Mesa College, then completed a degree in theatre arts at San Francisco State University. Bening began her career on stage with the Colorado Shakespeare Festival company in 1980 and she was a member of the acting company at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco while studying acting as part of the Advanced Theatre Training Program. There, she starred in productions as Shakespeares Macbeth as Lady Macbeth. Bening also starred in productions of Pygmalion and The Cherry Orchard at the Denver Center Theatre Company during the 1985–86 season and she made her Broadway debut in 1987, garnering a Tony Award nomination for Best Featured Actress in a Play for her performance in Coastal Disturbances. Bening made her debut in The Great Outdoors. Her second film appearance was as the Marquise de Merteuil in Valmont and her breakthrough role was in The Grifters, which starred John Cusack and Anjelica Huston, and earned Bening a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. In 1991, she portrayed Virginia Hill in Barry Levinsons biopic Bugsy, later, she appeared in Regarding Henry with Harrison Ford. In 1994, Bening and Beatty starred in Love Affair, which also featured Katharine Hepburn, in 1995, Bening appeared in The American President, followed by Tim Burtons sci-fi spoof Mars Attacks. In 1998, she co-starred with Denzel Washington and Bruce Willis in The Siege, the biggest critical and commercial success of her career thus far was the 1999 film American Beauty, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture and was directed by Sam Mendes
4.
Shirley MacLaine
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Shirley MacLaine is an American film, television and theater actress, singer, dancer, activist and author. She is known for her New Age beliefs, and has an interest in spirituality and she has written a series of autobiographical works that describe these beliefs, document her world travels, and describe her Hollywood career. She has also won five competitive Golden Globe Awards and received the Golden Globe Cecil B, deMille Award at the 1998 ceremony. Named after Shirley Temple, Shirley MacLean Beaty was born in Richmond, MacLaines younger brother is the actor, writer and director Warren Beatty, he changed the spelling of his surname when he became an actor. Their parents raised them as Baptists and her uncle was A. A. MacLeod, a Communist member of the Ontario legislature in the 1940s. MacLaine played baseball in a team, holding the record for most home runs which earned her the nickname Powerhouse. During the 1950s, the family resided in the Dominion Hills section of Arlington. As a toddler she had weak ankles and would fall over with the slightest misstep and this was the beginning of her interest in performing. Strongly motivated by ballet, she never missed a class, in classical romantic pieces like Romeo and Juliet and The Sleeping Beauty, she always played the boys roles due to being the tallest in the group and the absence of males in the class. Ultimately she decided against making a career of professional ballet because she had grown too tall and was unable to acquire perfect technique and she explained that she didnt have the ideal body type, lacking the requisite beautifully constructed feet of high arches, high insteps and a flexible ankle. Also slowly realizing ballets propensity to be too all-consuming, and ultimately limiting, she moved on to forms of dancing, acting. She attended Washington-Lee High School, where she was on the cheerleading squad, the summer before her senior year, she went to New York City to try acting on Broadway, and had some success. After she graduated, she returned and within a year became an understudy to actress Carol Haney in The Pajama Game, Haney broke her ankle, a few months after, with Haney still injured, film producer Hal B. Wallis saw MacLaines performance, and signed her to work for Paramount Pictures and she later sued Wallis over a contractual dispute, a suit that has been credited with ending the old-style studio star system of actor management. MacLaine made her debut in Alfred Hitchcocks The Trouble with Harry. This was quickly followed by her role in the Martin and Lewis film Artists, soon afterwards, she had a role in Around the World in 80 Days. This was followed by Hot Spell and a role in Some Came Running, for the latter film she gained her first Academy Award nomination. Her second Oscar nomination came two years later for The Apartment, starring with Jack Lemmon, the film won five Oscars, including Best Director for Billy Wilder
5.
Academy Award
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
6.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, since its inception, the award has been given to 79 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars, spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
7.
Academy Award for Best Directing
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The Academy Award for Best Director is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of a director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry. However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year, the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that have been awarded Best Picture,63 have also been awarded Best Director, since its inception, the award has been given to 69 directors or directing teams. John Ford has received the most awards in this category with four, william Wyler was nominated on twelve occasions, more than any other individual. As of the 2017 ceremony, Damien Chazelle is the most recent winner in category for his work on La La Land. Chazelle also became the youngest director in history to receive this award, two directing teams have shared the award, Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for West Side Story in 1961 and Joel and Ethan Coen for No Country for Old Men in 2007. The Coen brothers are the siblings to have won the award. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full calendar year from January 1 to December 31. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com
8.
Reds (film)
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Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written, produced and directed by Warren Beatty. The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed, Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene ONeill. The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann, Jerzy Kosinski, Paul Sorvino, Maureen Stapleton, Gene Hackman, Ramon Bieri, Nicolas Coster, Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture, but lost to Chariots of Fire. Beatty, Keaton, Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress, Stapleton was the only one of the four to win. Beatty was also nominated, along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths, for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor, Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture. In June 2008, the American Film Institute revealed its Ten Top Ten – the best ten films in ten classic American film genres – after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community, Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre. In 1915, married socialite Louise Bryant encounters the radical journalist John Reed for the first time at a lecture in Portland, Oregon, and she is intrigued with his idealism. Upon meeting him for an interview on international politics which lasts over the course of a night, later, they move to Provincetown, Massachusetts, to concentrate on their writing, becoming involved in the local theatre scene. Through her writing, Bryant becomes a feminist and radical in her own right, Reed becomes involved in labor strikes with the Reds of the Communist Labor Party of America. Obsessed with changing the world, he grows restless and heads for St. Louis to cover the 1916 Democratic Convention, during Reeds absence, Bryant falls into a complicated affair with ONeill. Upon his return, Reed discovers the truth about the affair, the two marry secretly and make a home together in Croton-on-Hudson, north of New York City, but still have conflicting desires. When Reed admits to his own infidelities, Bryant takes a ship to Europe to work as a war correspondent, after a flare-up of a kidney disorder, Reed is warned to avoid excessive travel or stress, but he decides to take the same path. Reunited as professionals, the two find their passion rekindled as they are swept up in the fall of Russias Czarist regime, the second part of the film takes place shortly after the publication of Ten Days that Shook the World. While attempting to leave Europe, he is imprisoned and interrogated in Finland. He returns to Russia and is reunited with Bryant at the station in Moscow. By this point, Reed is growing weaker as a result of his kidney disorder. Bryant helps nurse the ailing Reed, who eventually dies, Beatty came across the story of John Reed in the mid-1960s and executive producer and film editor Dede Allen remembers Beattys mentioning making a film about Reeds life as early as 1966. Originally titled Comrades, the first script was written by Beatty in 1969, in 1976, Beatty found a suitable collaborator in Trevor Griffiths who began work but was delayed when his wife died in a plane crash
9.
Heaven Can Wait (1978 film)
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Heaven Can Wait is a 1978 American fantasy-comedy film co-directed by Warren Beatty and Buck Henry. It was the film adaptation of Harry Segalls play of the same name. The film was nominated for nine Academy Awards, the cast reunites Beatty and Julie Christie, who also starred together in the 1971 McCabe & Mrs. Miller and the 1975 Shampoo. A third film adaptation of the play was done in 2001, Joe Pendleton, a backup quarterback for the American football team Los Angeles Rams, is looking forward to leading his team to the Super Bowl. While riding his bicycle through the older west side of one on Kanan-Dume road in Malibu. Once there, he refuses to believe that his time was up and, upon investigation, unfortunately, his body has already been cremated, so a new body must be found. After rejecting several possibilities of men who are about to die, Leo Farnsworth has just been drugged and drowned in his bathtub by his cheating gold digger wife Julia Farnsworth and her lover, Farnsworths personal secretary, Tony Abbott. Julia and Tony are naturally confused when Leo reappears, alive, Leo buys the Los Angeles Rams to lead them to the Super Bowl as their quarterback. To succeed, he must first convince, and then secure the aid of, long-time friend, at the same time, he falls in love with an environmental activist, Betty Logan, who disapproves of the original Farnsworths policies and actions. With the Rams about to play in the Super Bowl, the characters all face a crisis, Mr. Jordan informs Farnsworth that he must give up this body as well. Farnsworth resists, but hints to Betty that she might someday meet someone else, Julia and Abbott continue their murderous plans, and Abbott shoots Farnsworth dead. The Rams are forced to another quarterback, Tom Jarrett. A detective, Lt. Krim, interrogates the suspects while they watch the game on TV, with the help of Corkle, he gets Julia and Abbott to incriminate one another. After a brutal hit on the field, Jarrett is himself killed, with Mr. Jordans help, Joe then occupies his final body. He is shown snapping to life in Jarretts body, then leading the Rams to victory, during the teams post-game celebration, Mr. Jordan removes Joes memory of his past life and departs. Joe becomes Tom Jarrett and the balance is restored. The one left crestfallen is Corkle, who understands what really happened, Jarrett bumps into Betty while leaving the stadium. They strike up a conversation, and Betty suddenly experiences a realization who he really is, a number of former Los Angeles Rams players have cameo roles in the film, including Deacon Jones, Les Josephson, Jack Snow, Jim Boeke, and Charley Cowan
10.
Golden Globe Award
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
11.
Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award
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DeMille Award is an honorary Golden Globe Award bestowed by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association for outstanding contributions to the world of entertainment. It was first presented on February 21,1952 at the 9th Annual Golden Globe Awards ceremony and is named in honor of its first recipient, honorees are selected by the HFPA board of directors and are presented annually. The first African-American to receive the honor was Sidney Poitier in 1982, *The 2008 awards ceremony was cancelled due to the 2007 Writers Guild of America strike, the HFPA deferred the award to the 2009 ceremony. **Woody Allens Award was accepted by Diane Keaton
12.
Splendor in the Grass
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Splendor in the Grass is a 1961 Technicolor romantic drama film that tells a story of a teenage girl navigating her feelings of sexual repression, love, and heartbreak. Written by William Inge, who appears briefly as a Protestant clergyman and won an Oscar for his screenplay, in turn, Bud reluctantly follows the advice of his father, Ace, who suggests that he find another kind of girl with whom to satisfy his desires. Rumors in town, however, have been swirling that the reason was that she had an abortion. Being so disappointed in their daughter, Buds parents pin all their hopes on Bud, the emotional pressure is too much for Bud, who suffers a physical breakdown and nearly dies from pneumonia. Bud knows one of the girls in school, Juanita who is willing to become sexually involved with him. A short while later, depressed because of Bud ending their relationship, Deanie acts out by modeling herself after Buds sister, at a party she attends with another boy from high school, Toots Tuttle, Deanie goes outside with Bud and makes a play for him. While there, Deanie realizes that she cant go through with sex, escaping from Toots and driven close to madness, she attempts to commit suicide by jumping in the pond, being rescued just before swimming over the falls. While Deanie is in the institution, she meets another patient, Johnny Masterson, who is working out anger issues targeted at his parents, the two patients form a bond. Meanwhile, Bud is sent off to Yale, where he fails practically all his subjects, while at school, he meets Angelina, the daughter of Italian immigrants who run a local restaurant in New Haven. In October 1929, Buds father travels to New Haven in an attempt to persuade the dean not to expel Bud from school, while Ace is in New Haven, the stock market crashes, and he loses everything. He takes Bud to New York for a weekend, including to a cabaret nightclub, Bud has to identify the body. Deanie returns home from the asylum after two years and six months, almost to the day, aces widow has gone to live with relatives, while Buds sister has died in a car crash. Deanies mother wants to shield her from any potential anguish from meeting Bud, when Deanies high school friends come over, her mother gets them to agree to feign ignorance on Buds whereabouts. However, Deanies father refuses to coddle his daughter and tells her that Bud has taken up ranching and her friends drive Deanie out to meet Bud. He is now married to Angelina, they have an infant son, Bud Jr. Deanie lets Bud know that she is going to marry John, who is now a doctor in Cincinnati. During their brief reunion, Deanie and Bud realize that both must accept what life has thrown at them, as Bud says, Whats the point and they each relate that they dont think about happiness very much anymore. As Deanie leaves with her friends, Bud only seems partially satisfied by the direction his life has taken, after the others are gone, he reassures Angelina, who has realized that Deanie was once the love of Buds life. Driving away, Deanies friends ask her if she is still in love with Bud and she realizes that she still loves him warmly, but that they can never recover that blazing love of youth which they once had
13.
Bonnie and Clyde (film)
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Bonnie and Clyde is a 1967 American biographical crime film directed by Arthur Penn and starring Warren Beatty and Faye Dunaway as the title characters Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker. The film features Michael J. Pollard, Gene Hackman, and Estelle Parsons, with Denver Pyle, Dub Taylor, Gene Wilder, Evans Evans, the screenplay was written by David Newman and Robert Benton. Robert Towne and Beatty provided uncredited contributions to the script, Beatty also produced the film, the soundtrack was composed by Charles Strouse. Bonnie and Clyde is considered a film, and is regarded as one of the first films of the New Hollywood era. For some members of the counterculture, the film was considered to be a rallying cry and its success prompted other filmmakers to be more open in presenting sex and violence in their films. The films ending also became iconic as one of the bloodiest death scenes in cinematic history, the film received Academy Awards for Best Supporting Actress and Best Cinematography. It was among the first 100 films selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry, in the middle of the Great Depression, Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker meet when Clyde tries to steal Bonnies mothers car. Bonnie, who is bored by her job as a waitress, is intrigued by Clyde and they pull off some holdups, but their amateur efforts, while exciting, are not very lucrative. The duos crime spree shifts into high gear once they hook up with a gas station attendant, C. W. Moss, then with Clydes older brother Buck and his wife, Blanche. Bonnie and Clyde turn from pulling small-time heists to robbing banks and their exploits also become more violent. When C. W. botches a robbery by parallel parking the getaway car. The gang is pursued by law enforcement, including Texas Ranger Frank Hamer, a raid later catches the outlaws off guard, mortally wounding Buck with a gruesome shot to his head and injuring Blanche. Bonnie, Clyde and C. W. barely escape with their lives, with Blanche sightless and in police custody, Hamer tricks her into revealing C. W. s name, who was up until now still only an unidentified suspect. Hamer locates Bonnie, Clyde and C. W. hiding at the house of C. W. s father Ivan Moss, the elder Moss strikes a bargain with Hamer, in exchange for leniency for the boy, he helps set a trap for the outlaws. When Bonnie and Clyde stop on the side of the road to help Mr. Moss fix a flat tire, Hamer and his posse then come out of hiding, looking pensively at the couples bodies. Warren Beatty as Clyde Barrow Faye Dunaway as Bonnie Parker Michael J. Pollard as C. W and his girlfriend Velma Davis was played by Evans Evans, who was the wife of film director John Frankenheimer. The family gathering scene was filmed in Red Oak, Texas, several local residents gathered to watch the film being shot. When the filmmakers noticed Mabel Cavitt, a school teacher, among the people gathered
14.
Dick Tracy (1990 film)
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Dick Tracy is a 1990 American action comedy film based on the 1930s comic strip character of the same name created by Chester Gould. Dick Tracy depicts the love relationships with Breathless Mahoney and Tess Truehart. Tracy also begins his upbringing of The Kid, development of the film started in the early 1980s with Tom Mankiewicz assigned to write the script. The screenplay would instead be crafted by Jim Cash and Jack Epps, the project also went through directors Steven Spielberg, John Landis, Walter Hill, and Richard Benjamin before the arrival of Beatty. Filming was mostly at Universal Studios, Danny Elfman was hired to compose the film score, and the music was featured on three separate soundtrack albums. Dick Tracy was released in 1990 to mixed reviews, but was a success at the box office and it picked up seven Academy Award nominations and won in three of the categories, Best Original Song, Best Makeup and Best Art Direction. A sequel was planned, but a controversy over the rights ensued between Beatty and Tribune Media Services. The lawsuit was resolved in Beattys favor in October 2013, however, no plans for a sequel or follow-up have been publicly disclosed as of June 2014. Beatty created The Dick Tracy TV Special in 2008, which featured him reprising the character to be interviewed by film critic Leonard Maltin. At an illegal card game, a street urchin witnesses the massacre of a group of mobsters at the hands of Flattop and Itchy. Big Boys crime syndicate is aggressively taking over small businesses in the city, Detective Dick Tracy catches the urchin in an act of petty theft. After rescuing him from a ruthless host, Tracy temporarily adopts him with the help of his girlfriend, meanwhile, Big Boy coerces club owner Lips Manlis into signing over the deed to Club Ritz. He then kills Lips with a cement overcoat and steals his girlfriend, after Lips is reported missing, Tracy interrogates his three hired guns Flattop, Itchy, and Mumbles, then goes to the club to arrest Big Boy for Lips murder. Instead of providing testimony, she attempts to seduce Tracy. Big Boy cannot be indicted and he is released from jail, Big Boys next move is to try to bring other criminals, including Spud Spaldoni, Pruneface, Influence, Texie Garcia, Ribs Mocca, and Numbers, together under his leadership. Spaldoni refuses and is killed, leaving Dick Tracy, who discovered the meeting and was attempting to spy on it. The next day, Big Boy and his henchmen kidnap Tracy and attempt to bribe him, Tracy refuses, however, Tracy is saved by Kid, who gets prized by the police with a Honorary Detective Certificate, which will remain temporary until he decides a name for himself. Breathless shows up at Tracys apartment, once again in an attempt to seduce him, Tracy shows he is only human by allowing her to kiss him
15.
Bugsy
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Bugsy is a 1991 American crime-drama film directed by Barry Levinson which tells the story of mobster Bugsy Siegel and his relationship with Virginia Hill. It stars Warren Beatty as Siegel and Annette Bening as Hill, as well as Harvey Keitel, Ben Kingsley, Elliott Gould, the screenplay was written by James Toback from research material by Dean Jennings 1967 book We Only Kill Each Other. The film received acclaim from critics, including Roger Ebert, and was nominated for ten Academy Awards, as of 2016, the film is the most recent to receive more than one nomination in the Best Supporting Actor category. A directors cut was released on DVD, containing an additional 13 minutes not seen in the theatrical version, gangster Benjamin Bugsy Siegel, who works for the New York mob, goes to California and instantly falls in love with Virginia Hill, a tough-talking Hollywood starlet. The two meet for the first time when Bugsy visits his friend, actor George Raft, on a film set and he buys a house in Beverly Hills from opera singer Lawrence Tibbett, planning to stay there while his wife and two daughters remain in Scarsdale. As a representative for his associates Meyer Lansky and Charlie Luciano, mickey Cohen robs Dragnas operation one day. He is confronted by Bugsy, who decides he should be in business with the guy who committed the robbery, not the guy who got robbed. Cohen is put in charge of the casinos, Dragna is forced to admit to a raging Bugsy that he stole $14,000. After arguments about Virginias trysts with drummer Gene Krupa and a variety of bullfighters and Siegels reluctance to get a divorce, on a trip to Nevada to visit a gambling joint, Bugsy comes up with the idea for a hotel and casino in the desert. He obtains $1 million in funding from lifelong friend Lansky and other New York mobsters, reminding them that in Nevada, Bugsy tries everything to ensure it gets completed, even selling his share of the casino. Bugsy is visited in Los Angeles by former associate Harry Greenberg, Harry has betrayed his old associates to save himself. He has also run out of money, from a combination of his gambling habits, though he is Harrys trusted friend, Bugsy has no choice but to kill him. He is arrested for the murder, but the witness is a cab driver who dropped Harry off in front of Bugsys house. The driver is paid to leave town, Lansky is waiting for Bugsy outside the jail. He gives a satchel of money to his friend, Charlie doesnt have to know about it, he tells Bugsy, but warns, I cant protect you anymore. The Flamingos opening night is a failure, and $2 million of the budget is unaccounted for. He tells her to keep it and save it for a rainy day and he then tells Lansky never to sell his share of the casino because he will live to thank him someday. Later that night, Bugsy is shot and killed in his home, Virginia is told the news in Las Vegas and knows her own days could be numbered
16.
Bulworth
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Bulworth is a 1998 American political comedy film co-written, co-produced, directed by, and starring Warren Beatty. It co-stars Halle Berry, Oliver Platt, Don Cheadle, Paul Sorvino, Jack Warden, the film follows the title character, California Senator Jay Billington Bulworth, as he runs for re-election while trying to avoid a hired assassin. Senator Jay Bulworth of California is losing his bid for re-election to a fiery young populist, Bulworths socialist views, formed in the 1960s and 1970s, have lost favor with voters, so he has conceded to more conservative politics and to accepting donations from big corporations. In addition, though he and his wife have been having affairs with each others knowledge for years, knowing that a suicide will void his daughters inheritance, he contracts to have himself assassinated within two days. Turning up in California for his campaign extremely drunk, Bulworth freely begins speaking his mind at public events, after dancing all night in an underground club and smoking marijuana, he even starts rapping in public. His frank, potentially offensive remarks make him an instant media darling, along the way he becomes romantically involved with a young black activist named Nina, who tags along with him on his campaign stops. He is pursued by the paparazzi, his company, his campaign managers. While there he wanders around the neighborhood, where he witnesses a group of kids selling crack, after saving the group from a racially motivated encounter with a police officer, he finds out they are soldiers of L. D. A local drug kingpin to whom Ninas brother owes money, eventually he offers the solution that everybody should fuck everybody until everyone is all the same color stunning the audience and his interviewer. After Bulworths TV appearance he escapes with Nina and goes with her back to her house where she reveals that she is the assassin he indirectly hired, relieved, Bulworth falls asleep for the first time in days in Ninas arms. Bulworth sleeps deeply for over 36 hours, during which time the media is abuzz about his mysterious absence on election day, during this time, various people are shown reacting to the TV coverage and the impact Bulworths escapade is making on the political/social conversation in the country. Bulworth wins the election by a landslide. The next morning the press and Bulworths campaign managers converge on Ninas house, L. D. also comes to Ninas house and, having had a change of heart, says he will let Ninas brother work off his debt instead of hurting or killing him. Bulworth emerges from the bedroom looking rested and, as he steps outside, he invites Nina to go with him, she joins him. Bulworth and Nina embrace and begin to kiss as people cheer, the final scene shows an elderly vagrant, whom Bulworth met previously, standing alone outside a hospital. He exhorts Bulworth, who is presumably inside, to not be a ghost but a spirit which, as he had mentioned earlier, in the final shot of the film, he asks the same of the audience. Warren Beatty as Senator Jay Billington Bulworth Halle Berry as Nina Oliver Platt as Dennis Murphy Don Cheadle as L. D, the film generated a great deal of controversy and received a positive reception from film critics. It currently holds a 75% approval score at Rotten Tomatoes based on 65 reviews, the sites consensus states, Star and director Beattys ambitious take on race and politics in 20th-century America isnt perfect, but manages to provide more than its share of thought-provoking laughs
17.
Arthur Penn
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Arthur Hiller Penn was an American director and producer of film, television and theater. Penn directed critically acclaimed films throughout the 1960s such as the drama The Chase, the crime film Bonnie and Clyde. He also got attention for his revisionist Western Little Big Man, by the mid-1970s his films were received with much less enthusiasm. In the 1990s he returned to stage and television direction and production, Penn was born to a Russian Jewish family in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the son of Sonia, a nurse, and Harry Penn, a watchmaker. He was the brother of Irving Penn, the successful fashion photographer. During the 1920s, he moved in with his mother after she divorced Penns father, some time after, he came back to his sickly father, leading him to run his fathers watch repair shop. At 19 he was drafted into the army, stationed in Britain, he became interested in theater. He started to direct and take part in shows being put on for the soldiers around England at the time, as Penn grew up, he became increasingly interested in film, especially after seeing the Orson Welles film Citizen Kane. He later attended Black Mountain College in North Carolina, and was a commentator in the documentary Fully Awake about the college. After making a name for himself as a director of quality television dramas, Penn made his debut with a western. A retelling of the Billy the Kid legend, it was distinguished by Paul Newmans sharp portrayal of the outlaw as a troubled youth. The production was completed in only 23 days, but Warner Brothers reedited the film against his wishes with a new ending he disapproved of, the film subsequently failed upon release in North America, but was well received in Europe. Penns second film was The Miracle Worker, the story of Anne Sullivans struggle to teach the blind and it garnered two Academy Awards for its leads Anne Bancroft and Patty Duke. In 1965 Penn directed Mickey One, heavily influenced by the French New Wave, it was the dreamlike story of a standup comedian on the run from sinister, ambiguous forces. In 2010, Penn commented, You know, you could not have gone through the Second World War with all that nonsense with Russia being an ally, the McCarthy period was ridiculous and humiliating, deeply humiliating. When I finally did Mickey One, it was in repudiation of the kind of fear that free people to the point where they were telling on each other. It just astonished me, really astonished me, I mean, I was a vet, so it was nothing like what we thought we were fighting for. Penns next film was The Chase a thriller following events in a small corrupt Southern town on the day an escaped convict, played by Robert Redford, returns
18.
Nova Scotia
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Nova Scotia is one of Canadas three Maritime provinces, and one of the four provinces which form Atlantic Canada. Nova Scotia is Canadas second-smallest province, with an area of 55,284 square kilometres, including Cape Breton, as of 2016, the population was 923,598. Nova Scotia is the second most-densely populated province in Canada with 17.4 inhabitants per square kilometre, Nova Scotia means New Scotland in Latin and is the recognized English language name for the province. In Scottish Gaelic, the province is called Alba Nuadh, which simply means New Scotland. Nova Scotia is Canadas second-smallest province in area after Prince Edward Island, the provinces mainland is the Nova Scotia peninsula surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, including numerous bays and estuaries. Nowhere in Nova Scotia is more than 67 km from the ocean, Nova Scotia has many ancient fossil-bearing rock formations. These formations are rich on the Bay of Fundys shores. Blue Beach near Hantsport, Joggins Fossil Cliffs, on the Bay of Fundys shores, has yielded an abundance of Carboniferous age fossils, wassons Bluff, near the town of Parrsboro, has yielded both Triassic and Jurassic age fossils. Nova Scotia lies in the mid-temperate zone, since the province is almost surrounded by the sea, the climate is closer to maritime than to continental climate. The winter and summer temperature extremes of the climate are moderated by the ocean. However, winters are cold enough to be classified as continental – still being nearer the freezing point than inland areas to the west. The Nova Scotia climate is in ways similar to the central Baltic Sea coast in Northern Europe. This is in spite of Nova Scotia being some fifteen parallels south, areas not on the Atlantic coast experience warmer summers more typical of inland areas, and winter lows a little colder. The province includes regions of the Mikmaq nation of Mikmaki, the Mikmaq people inhabited Nova Scotia at the time the first European colonists arrived. In 1605, French colonists established the first permanent European settlement in the future Canada at Port Royal, the British conquest of Acadia took place in 1710. The Treaty of Utrecht in 1713 formally recognized this and returned Cape Breton Island to the French, present-day New Brunswick then still formed a part of the French colony of Acadia. The British changed the name of the capital from Port Royal to Annapolis Royal, in 1749, the capital of Nova Scotia moved from Annapolis Royal to the newly established Halifax. In 1755 the vast majority of the French population were removed in the Expulsion of the Acadians
19.
Doctor of Philosophy
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A Doctor of Philosophy is a type of doctoral degree awarded by universities in many countries. Ph. D. s are awarded for a range of programs in the sciences, engineering. The Ph. D. is a degree in many fields. The completion of a Ph. D. is often a requirement for employment as a university professor, researcher, individuals with an earned doctorate can use the title of Doctor with their name and use the post-nominal letters Ph. D. The requirements to earn a Ph. D. degree vary considerably according to the country, institution, a person who attains a doctorate of philosophy is automatically awarded the academic title of doctor. A student attaining this level may be granted a Candidate of Philosophy degree at some institutions. A Ph. D. candidate must submit a project, thesis or dissertation often consisting of a body of academic research. In many countries, a candidate must defend this work before a panel of examiners appointed by the university. Universities award other types of doctorates besides the Ph. D. such as the Doctor of Musical Arts, a degree for music performers and the Doctor of Education, in 2016, ELIA launched The Florence Principles on the Doctorate in the Arts. The Florence Principles have been endorsed are supported also by AEC, CILECT, CUMULUS, the degree is abbreviated PhD, from the Latin Philosophiae Doctor, pronounced as three separate letters. In the universities of Medieval Europe, study was organized in four faculties, the faculty of arts. All of these faculties awarded intermediate degrees and final degrees, the doctorates in the higher faculties were quite different from the current Ph. D. degree in that they were awarded for advanced scholarship, not original research. No dissertation or original work was required, only lengthy residency requirements, besides these degrees, there was the licentiate. According to Keith Allan Noble, the first doctoral degree was awarded in medieval Paris around 1150, the doctorate of philosophy developed in Germany as the terminal Teachers credential in the 17th century. Typically, upon completion, the candidate undergoes an oral examination, always public, starting in 2016, in Ukraine Doctor of Philosophy is the highest education level and the first science degree. PhD is awarded in recognition of a contribution to scientific knowledge. A PhD degree is a prerequisite for heading a university department in Ukraine, upon completion of a PhD, a PhD holder can elect to continue his studies and get a post-doctoral degree called Doctor of Sciences, which is the second and the highest science degree in Ukraine. Scandinavian countries were among the early adopters of a known as a doctorate of philosophy
20.
Baptists
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Other tenets of Baptist churches include soul competency, salvation through faith alone, Scripture alone as the rule of faith and practice, and the autonomy of the local congregation. Baptists recognize two ministerial offices, elders and deacons, Baptist churches are widely considered to be Protestant churches, though some Baptists disavow this identity. Historians trace the earliest church labeled Baptist back to 1609 in Amsterdam, in accordance with his reading of the New Testament, he rejected baptism of infants and instituted baptism only of believing adults. Baptist practice spread to England, where the General Baptists considered Christs atonement to extend to all people, while the Particular Baptists believed that it extended only to the elect. Thomas Helwys formulated a distinctively Baptist request that the church and the state be kept separate in matters of law, Helwys died in prison as a consequence of the religious persecution of English dissenters under King James I. In 1638, Roger Williams established the first Baptist congregation in the North American colonies, in the mid-18th century, the First Great Awakening contributed to Baptist growth in both New England and the South. Baptist missionaries have spread their church to every continent, the largest Baptist denomination is the Southern Baptist Convention, with the membership of associated churches totaling more than 15 million. Modern Baptist churches trace their history to the English Separatist movement in the century after the rise of the original Protestant denominations and this view of Baptist origins has the most historical support and is the most widely accepted. Adherents to this position consider the influence of Anabaptists upon early Baptists to be minimal and it was a time of considerable political and religious turmoil. Both individuals and churches were willing to give up their theological roots if they became convinced that a more biblical truth had been discovered, during the Protestant Reformation, the Church of England separated from the Roman Catholic Church. There were some Christians who were not content with the achievements of the mainstream Protestant Reformation, there also were Christians who were disappointed that the Church of England had not made corrections of what some considered to be errors and abuses. Of those most critical of the Churchs direction, some chose to stay and they became known as Puritans and are described by Gourley as cousins of the English Separatists. Others decided they must leave the Church because of their dissatisfaction, historians trace the earliest Baptist church back to 1609 in Amsterdam, with John Smyth as its pastor. Three years earlier, while a Fellow of Christs College, Cambridge, reared in the Church of England, he became Puritan, English Separatist, and then a Baptist Separatist, and ended his days working with the Mennonites. He began meeting in England with 60–70 English Separatists, in the face of great danger, Smyth and his lay supporter, Thomas Helwys, together with those they led, broke with the other English exiles because Smyth and Helwys were convinced they should be baptized as believers. In 1609 Smyth first baptized himself and then baptized the others, in 1609, while still there, Smyth wrote a tract titled The Character of the Beast, or The False Constitution of the Church. In it he expressed two propositions, first, infants are not to be baptized, and second, Antichristians converted are to be admitted into the true Church by baptism. Hence, his conviction was that a church should consist only of regenerate believers who have been baptized on a personal confession of faith
21.
Arlington, Virginia
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Arlington County is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is coterminous with the U. S. Census Bureau-census-designated place of Arlington, as a result, the county is often referred to in the region simply as Arlington or Arlington, Virginia. In 2015, the population was estimated at 229,164. The land that became Arlington was originally donated by Virginia to the United States government to form part of the new federal district of Columbia. In 1846, Congress returned the land southwest of the Potomac River donated by Virginia due to issues involving Congressional representation, the General Assembly of Virginia changed the countys name to Arlington in 1920 to avoid confusion with the adjacent City of Alexandria. The county is situated in Northern Virginia on the bank of the Potomac River directly across from Washington. Arlington is also bordered by Fairfax County and City of Falls Church to the northwest, west and southwest, as of the 2010 census, the population was 207,627. Due to the proximity to downtown Washington, D. C. It is also home to Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport, the many federal agencies, government contractors, and service industries contribute to Arlingtons stable economy. It is the county in the United States by median family income. According to a 2016 study by Bankrate. com, Arlington is the best place to retire, the area that now constitutes Arlington County was originally part of Fairfax County in the Colony of Virginia. Land grants from the British monarch were awarded to prominent Englishmen in exchange for political favors, one of the grantees was Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, who lends his name to both Fairfax County and the City of Fairfax. George Washington Parke Custis, grandson of First Lady Martha Washington, the estate was eventually passed down to Mary Anna Custis Lee, wife of General Robert E. Lee. The property later became Arlington National Cemetery during the American Civil War, the area that now contains Arlington County was ceded to the new United States federal government by the Commonwealth of Virginia. With the passage of the Residence Act in 1790, Congress approved a new permanent capital to be located on the Potomac River, the Residence Act originally only allowed the President to select a location within Maryland as far east as what is now the Anacostia River. However, President Washington shifted the federal territorys borders to the southeast in order to include the city of Alexandria at the Districts southern tip. In 1791, Congress amended the Residence Act to approve the new site, however, this amendment to the Residence Act specifically prohibited the erection of the public buildings otherwise than on the Maryland side of the River Potomac. As permitted by the U. S. Constitution, the shape of the federal district was a square, measuring 10 miles on each side
22.
Dominion Hills Historic District
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Dominion Hills Historic District is a national historic district located at Arlington County, Virginia. It contains 446 contributing buildings in a neighborhood in western Arlington. It was platted in 1942 and developed between 1945 and 1948 and it was designed to attract working and middle-income residents and is composed exclusively of two-story Colonial Revival style dwellings. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012, warren Beatty and Shirley MacLaine, both who both would grow up to become acclaimed actors, lived with their family at 930 North Liberty Street in the 1950s
23.
The Philadelphia Story (film)
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The Philadelphia Story is a 1940 American romantic comedy film directed by George Cukor, starring Cary Grant, Katharine Hepburn, and James Stewart and featuring Ruth Hussey. She acquired the rights to the play, which she had also starred in, with the help of Howard Hughes. Nominated for six Academy Awards, the film won two, James Stewart for Best Actor and Donald Ogden Stewart for Best Adapted Screenplay and it was remade in 1956 as a musical, retitled High Society. The Philadelphia Story was produced by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry in 1995, Tracy Lord is the elder daughter of a wealthy Philadelphia Main Line socialite family. Now she is about to marry nouveau riche man of the people George Kittredge, Spy magazine publisher Sidney Kidd is eager to cover the wedding, and assigns reporter Macaulay Mike Connor and photographer Liz Imbrie. He can get them into the affair with the assistance of Dexter Haven, Dexter will introduce them as friends of Tracys brother Junius. Tracy is not fooled, but Dexter threatens her with an article about her father Seths affair with a dancer. Tracy deeply resents her fathers infidelity, which has caused her parents to live separately, to protect her familys reputation, she agrees to let Mike and Liz stay. Dexter is welcomed back with arms by Tracys mother Margaret and teenage sister Dinah. In addition, she discovers that Mike has admirable qualities. As the wedding nears, she finds herself torn between George, Dexter, and Mike, the night before the wedding, Tracy gets drunk for only the second time in her life and takes an innocent midnight swim with Mike. When George sees Mike carrying an intoxicated Tracy into the house afterward, the next day, he tells her that he was shocked and feels entitled to an explanation before going ahead with the wedding. She takes exception to his lack of faith in her and breaks off the engagement, then she realizes that all the guests have arrived and are waiting for the ceremony to begin. Mike volunteers to marry her, but she graciously declines and she also realizes, for the first time, that she isnt perfect and shouldnt constantly condemn others for their weaknesses. At this point, Dexter offers to marry her again, Dexter Haven Katharine Hepburn as Tracy Samantha Lord James Stewart as Mike Connor Ruth Hussey as Elizabeth Imbrie John Howard as George Kittredge Roland Young as William Q. Costarring with Hepburn on Broadway were Joseph Cotten as Dexter Haven, Van Heflin as Mike Connor and she then convinced MGMs Mayer to buy them from her for only $250,000 in return for Hepburn having veto over producer, director, screenwriter and cast. Hepburn wanted Clark Gable to play Dexter Haven and Spencer Tracy to play Mike Connor, Grant agreed to play the part on condition that he be given top billing and that his salary would be $137,000, which he donated to the British War Relief Society. The pairing of Cukor and Gable would have been problematic in any case, as they had not gotten along on the recent Gone with the Wind, the film was in production from 5 July to 14 August 1940 at MGMs studios in Culver City
24.
Katharine Hepburn
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Katharine Houghton Hepburn was an American actress. Known for her independence and spirited personality, Hepburn was a leading lady in Hollywood for more than 60 years. She appeared in a range of genres, from comedy to literary drama. In 1999, Hepburn was named by the American Film Institute as the greatest female star of Classic Hollywood Cinema, raised in Connecticut by wealthy, progressive parents, Hepburn began to act while studying at Bryn Mawr College. After four years in the theatre, favorable reviews of her work on Broadway brought her to the attention of Hollywood. Hepburn masterminded her own comeback, buying out her contract with RKO Radio Pictures and acquiring the rights to The Philadelphia Story. In the 1940s, she was contracted to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, where her career focused on an alliance with Spencer Tracy, the screen-partnership spanned 25 years and produced nine movies. Hepburn challenged herself in the half of her life, as she regularly appeared in Shakespearean stage productions. She found a niche playing middle-aged spinsters, such as in The African Queen, three more Oscars came for her work in Guess Whos Coming to Dinner, The Lion in Winter, and On Golden Pond. In the 1970s, she began appearing in films, which became the focus of her career in later life. She remained active into old age, making her screen appearance in 1994 at the age of 87. After a period of inactivity and ill health, Hepburn died in 2003 at the age of 96, Hepburn famously shunned the Hollywood publicity machine and refused to conform to societys expectations of women. She was outspoken, assertive, athletic, and wore trousers before it was fashionable for women to do so and she married once, as a young woman, but thereafter lived independently. A 26-year affair with her co-star Spencer Tracy was hidden from the public, Hepburn was born on May 12,1907 in Hartford, Connecticut, the second of six children. Her parents were Thomas Norval Hepburn, a urologist at Hartford Hospital, and Katharine Martha Houghton, as a child, Hepburn joined her mother on several Votes For Women demonstrations. The Hepburn children were raised to exercise freedom of speech and encouraged to think and her parents were criticized by the community for their progressive views, which stimulated Hepburn to fight against barriers she encountered. Hepburn said she realized from an age that she was the product of two very remarkable parents, and credited her enormously lucky upbringing with providing the foundation for her success. She remained close to her throughout her life
25.
Love Affair (1939 film)
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Love Affair is a 1939 American romantic film starring Irene Dunne and Charles Boyer and featuring Maria Ouspenskaya. It was directed by Leo McCarey and written by Delmer Daves and Donald Ogden Stewart, based on a story by McCarey, french painter Michel Marnet meets American singer Terry McKay aboard a liner crossing the Atlantic Ocean. They are both already engaged, he to heiress Lois Clarke, she to Kenneth Bradley and they begin to flirt and to dine together on the ship, but his notoriety and popularity on the ship make them conscious that others are watching. Eventually, they decide that they should dine separately and not associate with each other, at a stop at Madeira, they visit Michels grandmother Janou, who approves of Terry and wants Michel to settle down. As the ship is ready to disembark at New York City, Michel chooses six months because that is the amount of time he needs to decide whether he can drop the life of a playboy and start making money to support a relationship with Terry. When the rendezvous date arrives, they head to the Empire State Building. However, Terry is struck by a car right as she arrives, not wanting to be a burden to Michel, she does not contact him, preferring to let him think the worst. Meanwhile, Terry recovers at an orphanage teaching the children how to sing, six months go by, and during Terrys first outing since the accident, the two couples meet by accident at the theater, though Terry manages to conceal her condition. Michel then visits her at her apartment and finally learns the truth and he assures her that they will be together no matter what the diagnosis will be. Because of this, the film is available on home video. The film can be downloaded legally for free on the Internet Archive
26.
Charles Boyer
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Charles Boyer was a French actor who appeared in more than 80 films between 1920 and 1976. After receiving an education in drama, Boyer started on the stage and his memorable performances were among the eras most highly praised, in romantic dramas such as The Garden of Allah, Algiers, and Love Affair, as well as the mystery-thriller Gaslight. He received four Academy Award nominations for Best Actor, Boyer was born in Figeac, Lot, France, the son of Augustine Louise Durand and Maurice Boyer, a merchant. Boyer was a shy, small-town boy who discovered the movies, Boyer performed comic sketches for soldiers while working as a hospital orderly during World War I. He began studies briefly at the Sorbonne, and was waiting for a chance to study acting at the Paris Conservatory and he went to the capital city to finish his education, but spent most of his time pursuing a theatrical career. In 1920, his quick memory won him a chance to replace the man in a stage production. In the 1920s, he not only played a suave and sophisticated ladies man on the stage, MGM signed Boyer to a contract, and he loved life in the United States, but nothing much came of his first American stay from 1929 to 1931. At first, he performed film roles only for the money, however, with the coming of sound, his deep voice made him a romantic star. His first Hollywood break came with a small role in Jean Harlows Red-Headed Woman. Subsequently, he co-starred with Claudette Colbert in the psychiatric drama Private Worlds, until the early 1930s, Boyer mainly continued making French films, and Mayerling co-starring Danielle Darrieux in 1936 made him an international star. This was followed by Orage, opposite Michèle Morgan, the offscreen Boyer was bookish and private, far removed from the Hollywood high life. In 1938, he landed his famous role as Pepe le Moko, the thief on the run in Algiers, although in the movie Boyer never said to costar Hedy Lamarr Come with me to the Casbah, this line was in the movie trailer. The line would stick with him, thanks to generations of impressionists, Boyers vocal style was also parodied on the Tom and Jerry cartoons, most notably when Tom was trying to woo a female cat. In contrast to his glamorous image, Boyer began losing his hair early, had a pronounced paunch, when Bette Davis first saw him on the set of All This, and Heaven Too, she did not recognize him and tried to have him removed. In 1943, he was awarded an Honorary Oscar Certificate for progressive cultural achievement in establishing the French Research Foundation in Los Angeles as a source of reference. He is particularly known for Gaslight in which he played a thief/murderer who tries to convince his newlywed wife that she is going insane. In 1947, he was the voice of Capt. Daniel Gregg in the Lux Radio Theaters presentation of The Ghost and Mrs. Muir, in 1948, he was made a chevalier of the French Légion dhonneur. When another film with Bergman, Arch of Triumph, failed at the box office, in 1956, Boyer was a guest star on I Love Lucy
27.
Love Affair (1994 film)
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Love Affair is a 1994 American romantic drama film and a remake of the 1939 film of the same name. The music score was by Ennio Morricone and the cinematography by Conrad L. Hall, the film stars Beatty, Annette Bening and Katharine Hepburn in her last film role, with Garry Shandling, Chloe Webb, Pierce Brosnan, Kate Capshaw, Paul Mazursky and Brenda Vaccaro. Ex-football star Mike Gambril and singer Terry McKay, each of whom is engaged to someone else. The plane makes a landing and passengers must wait until a piece of equipment is delivered. Mike and Terry visit his elderly aunt Ginny on the isle of Tahiti and they see each other with new eyes and fall in love. When they reach New York City, they agree to reunite at the top of the Empire State Building in three months time, Terry breaks up with her fiance Ken Allen, as does Mike with his, Lynn Weaver. Terry finds work as a singer, mostly in advertisements, Mike quits his job as a Los Angeles television sports announcer. He finds honest work as a coach at a small school, one of his works captures Terry in prayer from their idyllic day in the islands. On the day of their rendezvous, Terry, in her haste, is struck down by a car while crossing a street, gravely injured, she is rushed to the hospital. Mike, waiting for her at the deck at the top of the building, is unaware of the accident. After many hours, he finally concedes at midnight that she has rejected him, now unable to walk, Terry refuses to contact Mike, wanting to conceal her disability. Instead, she finds a job as a music teacher, six months after the accident, she sees Mike with his former fiancée at a holiday concert featuring Ray Charles, which Terry is attending with her former boyfriend. Mike does not notice her condition because she is seated, each can only manage a hello. Christmas Eve arrives and Mike makes a visit, claiming to have come across her address while looking up another name in a telephone directory. Although he steers the conversation to make her explain her actions, Terry merely dodges the subject, about to leave her life for good, Mike mentions the painting that he had done of her, which that very afternoon had been given away to a woman who admired it. He is about to point out that the woman was in a wheelchair when he suddenly pauses, Mike walks into Terrys bedroom and sees his painting hanging on the wall. He now knows why she did not keep their appointment, marissa The film is a remake of the 1939 film Love Affair with Charles Boyer and Irene Dunne and of the 1957 film An Affair to Remember with Cary Grant and Deborah Kerr, both directed by Leo McCarey. The name of Terry McKays character remained the same in all three films, while a different one was chosen for each of the three leading men, Love Affair was Hepburns first big-screen appearance in nearly 10 years and marked her last appearance in cinema
28.
Texaco Star Theatre
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Texaco Star Theatre is an American comedy-variety show, broadcast on radio from 1938 to 1949 and telecast from 1948 to 1956. It was one of the first successful examples of American television broadcasting, the classic 1940–44 version of the program, hosted by radios Fred Allen, was followed by a radio series on ABC in the spring of 1948. When Texaco first took it to television on NBC on June 8,1948, the roots of Texaco Star Theatre were in a 1930s radio hit, Ed Wynn, the Fire Chief, featuring the manic Perfect Fool in a half-hour of vaudevillian routines interspersed with music. Wynns ratings began to slide and the comedian lapsed amidst personal and professional crises, Texaco sponsored The Jumbo Fire Chief Program in 1935–36 and The Fire Chief Concert in 1936. Comedian Eddie Cantor was the star of a show called Texaco Town from 1936 to 1938, the shows cast featured young singers Bobby Breen and Deanna Durbin, announcer Jimmy Wallington, who read the commercials for Fire Chief gasoline, Harry Park, and bandleader Jacques Renard. The show was a combination of comedy and music, Cantor frequently sang a tune about the mayor of Texaco Town. The first Texaco Star Theatre was on October 5,1938, the show began as a variety show with dramatizations and songs by guest stars. In 1940, the became a star vehicle for, with the show re-titled Texaco Star Theatre with Fred Allen. It was during the half-hour version of the show that the more cerebral Allen premiered the continuing comic sketch for which many remember him best and they customarily continued the introduction, as the opening music continued, by referring to Texaco Star Theatre. Allen was forced to leave the show in 1944 due to hypertension, he returned with a different sponsor on NBC, while staying with, Texaco Star Theaters next hosts included James Melton, Tony Martin, Gordon MacRae, Jack Carter, and Milton Berle. On television, continuing a long established in radio, Texaco included its brand name in the show title. Our show is very powerful Well wow you with an hour full Of howls from a full of stars. Were the merry Texaco men Tonight we may be showmen Tomorrow well be servicing your cars. And now, ladies, every Saturday on radio, the Metropolitan Opera, presented by your Texaco dealer. Closing Announce The best friend your car has ever had, comedian Jack Carter was host for August. Berle was named the permanent host that fall and he was a smash once the new full season began, Texaco Star Theater hitting ratings as high as 80 and owning Tuesday night for NBC from 8–9 p. m. ET. Texaco Star Theater was also the highest rated show of the 1950–1951 television season. Uncle Miltie was far from alone in keeping the show alive and his support players included Fatso Marco, Ruth Gilbert as Max, Miltons love-starved secretary, Bobby Sherwood, Arnold Stang, Jack Collins, and Milton Frome. The shows music was provided by Alan Roth and Victor Young, as phenomenally popular as Texaco Star Theater was, it was hardly an undisturbed appeal
29.
Milton Berle
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Milton Berle was an American comedian and actor. As the host of NBCs Texaco Star Theater, he was the first major American television star and was known to millions of viewers as Uncle Miltie and Mr. Television during TVs golden age. Milton Berle was born into a Jewish family in a five-story walkup at 68 W. 118th Street in the Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan and his given name was Mendel Berlinger. He chose Milton Berle as his name when he was 16. His father, Moses Berlinger, was a paint and varnish salesman and his mother, Sarah Glantz Berlinger, eventually became stagestruck and changed her name to Sandra Berle when Milton became famous. Berle entered show business at the age of five when he won a talent contest. He appeared as an actor in silent films, beginning with The Perils of Pauline, filmed in Fort Lee. The director told Berle that he would portray a boy who would be thrown from a moving train. In Milton Berle, An Autobiography, he explained, I was scared shitless, which is exactly what happened, except that at the crucial moment they threw a bundle of rags instead of me from the train. I bet there are a lot of comedians around today who are sorry about that. By Berles account, he continued to play roles in other films, Bunnys Little Brother, Tess of the Storm Country, Birthright, Loves Penalty, Divorce Coupons. In 1916, Berle enrolled in the Professional Childrens School, around 1920, at age 12, Berle made his stage debut in a revival of the musical comedy Florodora in Atlantic City, New Jersey, which later moved to Broadway. By the time he was 16, he was working as a Master of Ceremonies in Vaudeville, by the early 1930s he was a successful stand-up comedian, patterning himself after one of Vaudevilles top comics, Ted Healy. In 1933, he was hired by producer Jack White to star in the theatrical featurette Poppin the Cork, Berle also co-wrote the score for this film, which was released by Educational Pictures. Berle continued to dabble in songwriting, with Ben Oakland and Milton Drake, Berle wrote the title song for the RKO Radio Pictures release Lil Abner, an adaptation of Al Capps comic strip, featuring Buster Keaton as Lonesome Polecat. Berle wrote a Spike Jones B-side, Leave the Dishes in the Sink, in 1939, he was the host of Stop Me If Youve Heard This One with panelists spontaneously finishing jokes sent in by listeners. In the late 1940s, he canceled well-paying nightclub appearances to expand his radio career, three Ring Time, a comedy-variety show sponsored by Ballantine Ale, was followed by a 1943 program sponsored by Campbells Soups. The audience participation show Let Yourself Go could best be described as radio with studio audience members acting out long suppressed urges—often directed at host Berle
30.
Eugene O'Neill
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Eugene Gladstone ONeill was an American playwright and Nobel laureate in Literature. ONeills plays were among the first to include speeches in American vernacular and they struggle to maintain their hopes and aspirations, but ultimately slide into disillusionment and despair. Of his very few comedies, only one is well-known, nearly all of his other plays involve some degree of tragedy and personal pessimism. ONeill was born in a hotel, the Barrett House, at Broadway and 43rd Street, a commemorative plaque was first dedicated there in 1957. The site is now occupied by 1500 Broadway, which offices, retail. He was the son of Irish immigrant actor James ONeill and Mary Ellen Quinlan and his father suffered from alcoholism, his mother from an addiction to morphine, prescribed to relieve the pains of the difficult birth of her third son, Eugene. ONeill spent his summers at the Monte Cristo Cottage in New London and he attended Princeton University for one year. Accounts vary as to why he left, ONeill spent several years at sea, during which he suffered from depression and alcoholism. Despite this, he had a love for the sea and it became a prominent theme in many of his plays. ONeill joined the Marine Transport Workers Union of the Industrial Workers of the World, ONeills parents and elder brother Jamie died within three years of one another, not long after he had begun to make his mark in the theater. After his experience in 1912–13 at a sanatorium where he was recovering from tuberculosis, ONeill had previously been employed by the New London Telegraph, writing poetry as well as reporting. In the fall of 1914, he entered Harvard University to attend a course in dramatic technique given by Professor George Baker and he left after one year and did not complete the course. During the 1910s ONeill was a regular on the Greenwich Village literary scene, ONeill also had a brief romantic relationship with Reeds wife, writer Louise Bryant. ONeill was portrayed by Jack Nicholson in the 1981 film Reds and his involvement with the Provincetown Players began in mid-1916. ONeill is said to have arrived for the summer in Provincetown with a full of plays. He was not left alone in the dining-room when the reading had finished, the Provincetown Players performed many of ONeills early works in their theaters both in Provincetown and on MacDougal Street in Greenwich Village. Some of these early plays began downtown and then moved to Broadway, ONeills first published play, Beyond the Horizon, opened on Broadway in 1920 to great acclaim, and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. His first major hit was The Emperor Jones, which ran on Broadway in 1920 and his best-known plays include Anna Christie, Desire Under the Elms, Strange Interlude, Mourning Becomes Electra, and his only well-known comedy, Ah, Wilderness
31.
Al Jolson
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Al Jolson was an American singer, film actor, and comedian. At the peak of his career, he was dubbed The Worlds Greatest Entertainer and his performing style was brash and extroverted, and he popularized a large number of songs that benefited from his shamelessly sentimental, melodramatic approach. Numerous well-known singers were influenced by his music, including Bing Crosby, David Bowie, Bob Dylan, Rod Stewart, Dylan once referred to him as somebody whose life I can feel. Broadway critic Gilbert Seldes compared him to the Greek god Pan, claiming that Jolson represented the concentration of our national health, in the 1930s, Jolson was Americas most famous and highest-paid entertainer. Between 1911 and 1928, Jolson had nine sell-out Winter Garden shows in a row, more than 80 hit records, and 16 national and international tours. Although he is best remembered today as the star of the first talking picture, The Jazz Singer, after the attack on Pearl Harbor, he was the first star to entertain troops overseas during World War II. After a period of inactivity, his stardom returned with The Jolson Story, for which Larry Parks played Jolson, the formula was repeated in a sequel, Jolson Sings Again. In 1950, he became the first star to entertain GIs on active service in the Korean War. He died just weeks after returning to the U. S. partly owing to the exertion of performing. Defense Secretary George Marshall posthumously awarded him the Medal of Merit, According to the St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture, Jolson was to jazz, blues, and ragtime what Elvis Presley was to rock n roll. Being the first popular singer to make a spectacular event out of singing a song and his specialty was performing on stage runways extending out into the audience. According to music historian Larry Stempel, No one had heard anything quite like it before on Broadway, author Stephen Banfield agreed, writing that Jolsons style was arguably the single most important factor in defining the modern musical. Jolson also enjoyed performing in blackface makeup, a convention since the mid-19th century. With his unique and dynamic style of singing black music, such as jazz and blues, as early as 1911, he became known for fighting against black discrimination on Broadway. Al Jolson was born as Asa Yoelson in the Jewish village of Srednik now known as Seredžius, near Kaunas in Lithuania, then part of the Russian Empire. He was the fifth and youngest child of Moses Rubin Yoelson and Nechama Naomi Cantor, his four siblings were Rose, Etta, another sister who died in infancy, and Hirsch. Jolson claimed not to know when he was born, and later chose to claim he was born on May 26,1886. His one-time sister-in-law, Margaret Weatherwax, claimed Jolson was the age as their father, Ralph
32.
Howard Hughes
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Howard Robard Hughes Jr. was an American businessman, investor, pilot, film director, and philanthropist, known during his lifetime as one of the most financially successful individuals in the world. He first made a name for himself as a film producer, later in life, he became known for his eccentric behavior and reclusive lifestyle, oddities that were caused in part by a worsening obsessive–compulsive disorder and chronic pain from a plane crash. As a maverick film tycoon, Hughes gained prominence in Hollywood beginning in the late 1920s, when he made big-budget and often controversial films like The Racket, Hells Angels, later he controlled the RKO film studio. Hughes formed the Hughes Aircraft Company in 1932, hiring numerous engineers and designers and he spent the rest of the 1930s setting multiple world air speed records and building the Hughes H-1 Racer and H-4 Hercules. He acquired and expanded Trans World Airlines and later acquired Air West, Hughes was included in Flying Magazines list of the 51 Heroes of Aviation, ranked at No.25. Today, his legacy is maintained through the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the birthplace of Howard Hughes is recorded as either Humble or Houston, Texas. The date remains uncertain due to conflicting dates from various sources and he repeatedly claimed that his birthday was on Christmas Eve. A1941 affidavit birth certificate of Hughes that was signed by his aunt Annette Gano Lummis and Estelle Boughton Sharp states that he was born on December 24,1905, in Harris County, Texas. Hughes was the son of Allene Stone Gano and Howard R. Hughes Sr. a successful inventor and he was of English, and some French Huguenot, ancestry, and was a descendant of John Gano, a minister who allegedly baptized George Washington. His father had patented the two-cone roller bit, which allowed rotary drilling for petroleum in previously inaccessible places, the senior Hughes made the shrewd and lucrative decision to commercialize the invention by leasing the bits instead of selling them, and founded the Hughes Tool Company in 1909. Hughes uncle was the famed novelist, screenwriter, and film director Rupert Hughes, at a young age, Hughes demonstrated interest in science and technology. In particular, he had great engineering aptitude and built Houstons first wireless radio transmitter at age 11 and he went on to be one of the first licensed ham radio operators in Houston, having the assigned callsign W5CY. At 12, Hughes was photographed in the newspaper, identified as being the first boy in Houston to have a motorized bicycle. He was an indifferent student, with a liking for mathematics, flying and he took his first flying lesson at 14, and later attended math and aeronautical engineering courses at Caltech. The red brick house where Hughes lived as a teenager at 3921 Yoakum St. Houston today serves as the headquarters of the Theology Department of the University of St. Thomas and his mother Allene died in March 1922 from complications of an ectopic pregnancy. Howard Hughes Sr. died of an attack in 1924. Their deaths apparently inspired Hughes to include the creation of a research laboratory in the will that he signed in 1925 at age 19. Howard Sr. s will had not been updated since Allenes death, on his 19th birthday, Hughes was declared an emancipated minor, enabling him to take full control of his life
33.
American football
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The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team, if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs. Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the teams end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponents goalposts for a field goal. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins, American football evolved in the United States, originating from the sports of association football and rugby football. The first game of American football was played on November 6,1869, during the latter half of the 1870s, colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code, which allowed carrying the ball. American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States, Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game, with the other major levels being high school and youth football. As of 2012, nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually, almost all of them men, in the United States, American football is referred to as football. The term football was established in the rulebook for the 1876 college football season. The terms gridiron or American football are favored in English-speaking countries where other codes of football are popular, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, American football evolved from the sports of association football and rugby football. What is considered to be the first American football game was played on November 6,1869 between Rutgers and Princeton, two college teams, the game was played between two teams of 25 players each and used a round ball that could not be picked up or carried. It could, however, be kicked or batted with the feet, hands, head or sides, Rutgers won the game 6 goals to 4. Collegiate play continued for years in which matches were played using the rules of the host school. Representatives of Yale, Columbia, Princeton and Rutgers met on October 19,1873 to create a set of rules for all schools to adhere to. Teams were set at 20 players each, and fields of 400 by 250 feet were specified, Harvard abstained from the conference, as they favored a rugby-style game that allowed running with the ball. An 1875 Harvard-Yale game played under rugby-style rules was observed by two impressed Princeton athletes and these players introduced the sport to Princeton, a feat the Professional Football Researchers Association compared to selling refrigerators to Eskimos. Princeton, Harvard, Yale and Columbia then agreed to play using a form of rugby union rules with a modified scoring system. These schools formed the Intercollegiate Football Association, although Yale did not join until 1879, the introduction of the snap resulted in unexpected consequences. Prior to the snap, the strategy had been to punt if a scrum resulted in bad field position, however, a group of Princeton players realized that, as the snap was uncontested, they now could hold the ball indefinitely to prevent their opponent from scoring. In 1881, both teams in a game between Yale-Princeton used this strategy to maintain their undefeated records, each team held the ball, gaining no ground, for an entire half, resulting in a 0-0 tie
34.
Washington-Lee High School
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Washington-Lee High School is one of three traditional public high schools in the Arlington Public Schools district in Arlington, Virginia, covering grades 9–12. As of 2011, the school had over 2,000 students and 120 teachers, in 2010, W-L was listed at #63 in Newsweeks listing of Americas Best High Schools, and #3 in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The school was named after Generals George Washington and Robert E. Lee, construction on Washington-Lee began in 1924, with the school opening its doors in 1925 and graduating its first class in 1927. The architectural firm Upman & Adams designed the building in a version of the Colonial Revival style. The school fronted on 13th St. N, which separated the school from its athletic field, in 1932,41 classrooms, new offices, and another gym were added to the original building. A new wing and a library with Palladian windows and two reading rooms were built in 1942 with WPA funds. The rifle range was constructed in the shop area. In 1951, noted architect Rhees Burkett designed an addition that fronted on N. Quincy Street in the International Style, along with the new Stratford Junior High School, it helped usher in a wave of contemporary commercial and school architecture that defined much of Arlington until the 1980s. In 1960, some Sophomores and Juniors were sent to form the core of the then new Yorktown High School, to relieve overcrowding resulting from the new generation, Baby boomers. In 1975, the board made the controversial decision to demolish the original sections of W-L. The new school opened in 1977, and a new auditorium was constructed a few years later, in 1984, with the introduction of a new closed campus policy for underclassmen, a cafeteria was constructed in the schools commons. In 2009, the school underwent a reconstruction, none of the older buildings remain. The theater and nearby classrooms were demolished to allow for the construction of the new classroom building, an axial orientation to War Memorial Stadium and the primary parking areas is the defining characteristic of the new school. A ten-lane regulation NCAA short course swimming pool, gym and other athletic facilities. The demolition of the 1951 building and the construction of athletic fields. The new four-story building frames the northern end of War Memorial Stadium, a stepped terrace leads to the field from the schools student commons and outdoor eating areas. It spans the distance between the commons and an entrance with access to a multistory parking structure and bus lanes. A public entrance is located on N Stafford St, and a public entrance serves the pool
35.
National Theatre (Washington, D.C.)
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The National Theatre is located in Washington, D. C. and is a venue for a variety of live stage productions with seating for 1,676. Despite its name, it is not a governmentally funded national theatre and this historic playhouse was founded on December 7,1835, by William Corcoran and other prominent citizens who wanted the national capital to have a first-rate theatre. The theatres initial production was Man of the World, the theatre has been in almost continuous operation since, at the same Pennsylvania Avenue location a few blocks from the White House. Its name was changed at times to Grovers National Theatre, and Grovers Theatre, famed actor Joseph Jefferson managed the theatre at one time. The structure has been several times, including partial reconstructions after five fires in the 19th century. The current building, at 1321 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, was constructed in 1923, located three blocks from the White House, the theater has entertained every U. S. President of the United States since Andrew Jackson. On April 14,1865, Tad Lincoln was attending a performance of Aladdin, like many theatres in the U. S. prior to the civil rights movement, the National Theatre was racially segregated. Black actors were allowed to appear on stage, but African Americans audience members were relegated to a special section, during the Washington run of Porgy and Bess in 1936, the cast, led by Todd Duncan, protested the audiences segregation. Duncan stated that he would never play in a theatre which barred him from purchasing tickets to seats because of his race. Management would give into the demands and allow for the first integrated performance at National Theatre. A movement to integrate the playhouse was spearheaded by actor Helen Hayes, educator Gilbert V. Hartke, O. P. Washington art impresario Patrick Hayes, when that effort failed, they persuaded Actors Equity performers to refuse to play at the theatre. Rather than desegregating, the New York management discontinued live performances in 1948, one prestige attraction, the Washington premier of the British film The Red Shoes, was presented. Earlier in 1941, Walt Disneys Fantasia played at the theatre for seven weeks, then the theatre remained dark until it reopened as an integrated theater in 1952. In 1970, the theatre came under the management of the Nederlander Organization, in 1974, the not-for-profit National Theatre Corporation was established by Roger L. Stevens, Maurice B. Tobin, Donn B. Murphy and others to save the enterprise, in the wake of racial riots. The theatre underwent a renovation in 1982-1983, when the original wing housing dressing rooms was replaced with a modern structure. Stage designer Oliver Smith supervised the interior design, the 1835 stone foundations and brick stage house still exist, although the rock work is now reinforced with steel caissons to resist erosion by the Tiber Creek, which flows beneath the building. From the stage, President Ronald Reagan saluted the refurbished neighborhood theatre in January 1984, among the Broadway productions which have had out-of-town try-outs at the National are Amadeus, Crazy for You, Hello, Dolly
36.
Northwestern University
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Composed of twelve schools and colleges, Northwestern offers 124 undergraduate degrees and 145 graduate and professional degrees. Northwestern was founded in 1851 by John Evans, for whom the City of Evanston is named and its founding purpose was to serve the Northwest Territory, an area that today includes the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Instruction began in 1855, women were admitted in 1869, today, the main campus is a 240-acre parcel in Evanston, along the shores of Lake Michigan 12 miles north of downtown Chicago. The universitys law, medical, and professional schools are located on a 25-acre campus in Chicagos Streeterville neighborhood, in 2008, the university opened a campus in Education City, Doha, Qatar with programs in journalism and communication. In 2016, Northwestern opened its San Francisco space at 44 Montgomery St. which hosts journalism, engineering, Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program and it attracts over $650 million in sponsored research each year. Northwestern has the tenth largest university endowment in the United States, in 2017, the university accepted 9. 0% of undergraduate applicants from a pool of 37,255. Northwestern is a member of the Big Ten Conference and remains the only private university in the conference. The Northwestern Wildcats compete in 19 intercollegiate sports in the NCAAs Division I Big Ten Conference, on January 28,1851, the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the Trustees of the North-Western University, making it the first chartered university in Illinois. The schools nine founders, all of whom were Methodists, knelt in prayer, John Evans, for whom Evanston is named, bought 379 acres of land along Lake Michigan in 1853, and Philo Judson developed plans for what would become the city of Evanston, Illinois. The first building, Old College, opened on November 5,1855, to raise funds for its construction, Northwestern sold $100 perpetual scholarships entitling the purchaser and his heirs to free tuition. Willard Residential College is named in her honor, Northwestern admitted its first women students in 1869, and the first woman was graduated in 1874. Northwestern fielded its first intercollegiate football team in 1882, later becoming a member of the Big Ten Conference. In the 1870s and 1880s, Northwestern affiliated itself with already existing schools of law, medicine, Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law is the oldest law school in Chicago. The Association of American Universities invited Northwestern to become a member in 1917, in 1933, a proposal to merge Northwestern with the University of Chicago was considered but rejected. Northwestern was also one of the first six universities in the country to establish a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps in the 1920s, after the golden years of the 1920s, the Great Depression in the United States hit Northwestern hard. Its annual income dropped 25 percent from $4.8 million in 1930-31 to $3.6 million in 1933-34. Investment income shrank, fewer parents could pay full tuition, and annual giving from alumni, the university responded with two salary cuts of 10 percent each for all employees. It imposed a freeze, a building freeze, and slashed appropriations for maintenance, books
37.
Sigma Chi
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Sigma Chi is a social fraternity in North America. The fraternity has 244 active chapters across the United States and Canada and has initiated more than 300,000 members, the fraternity was founded on June 28,1855 at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio by members who split from the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. Sigma Chi is divided into five entities, the Sigma Chi Fraternity, the Sigma Chi Foundation. Like all fraternities, Sigma Chi has its own colors, insignia, according to the fraternitys constitution, the purpose of this fraternity shall be to cultivate and maintain the high ideals of friendship, justice, and learning upon which Sigma Chi was founded. Sigma Chi was founded in 1855 by Benjamin Piatt Runkle, Thomas Cowan Bell, William Lewis Lockwood, several members of Miami Universitys Delta Kappa Epsilon chapter were also members of the Erodelphian Literary Society. In the fall of 1854 the literary society was to elect its Poet and he was supported by five of his brothers, but four others supported another man who was not a member of the fraternity. Although Thomas Bell and Daniel Cooper were not members of Erodelphian they had aligned themselves with the four dissenting members, the chapter had twelve members total and were evenly divided on the issue. Both sides saw this as a matter of principle and over the few months their friendships became distanced. In February 1855 Runkle and his companions planned a dinner for their brothers in an attempt to seal the rift, whitelaw Reid, one of the other brothers who supported the Delta Kappa Epsilon member as poet, was the only one to arrive. Reid brought a Delta Kappa Epsilon alumnus named Minor Millikin from a nearby town, Reid had told Millikin his side of the dispute and they had arrived to punish the group for not supporting their Delta Kappa Epsilon brother. The leaders of the rebellion, Runkle and Scobey, were to be expelled from the fraternity, the other four would be allowed to stay in the fraternity. Runkle resigned, and after the parent chapter at Yale University was contacted, the six men decided to form their own fraternity along with William Lewis Lockwood, a student from New York who had not joined a fraternity. On June 28,1855, the organization was founded under the name Sigma Phi Fraternity, Lockwood used his business training to help organize the fraternity in its early years. The eventual theft of Sigma Phis constitution, rituals, seals and it is possible this action could have been forced upon the group as there was already a Sigma Phi Society. Much of Sigma Chis heraldry was inspired by the story of the Emperor Constantine from the Battle of Milvian Bridge against Maxentius. The White Cross and the motto In Hoc Signo Vinces are examples of the Constantine link, although many of the symbols of Sigma Chi relate to Christianity, Sigma Chi is not a Christian fraternity. Benjamin Piatt Runkle was born in West Liberty, Ohio, Runkle helped design the badge of Sigma Chi based on the story of Constantine and the vision of the Cross. Runkle was known for having a fierce pride and was suspended from Miami University when he fought a member of Beta Theta Pi for sneering at his badge, when the Civil War began Runkle joined the Union Army
38.
Stella Adler
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Stella Adler was an American actress and acting teacher. She founded the Stella Adler Studio of Acting in New York City and Los Angeles with longtime protégée, actress Joanne Linville, the Los Angeles school continues to function as an acting studio and houses several theaters. Alumni of the Stella Adler-Los Angeles school include Mark Ruffalo, Benicio Del Toro, Brion James, Salma Hayek, Clifton Collins Jr. Stella Adler was born in the Lower East Side of New York City. She was the youngest daughter of Sara and Jacob P. Adler, the sister of Luther and Jay Adler, all five of her siblings were actors. Adler became the most famous and influential member of her family and she began acting at the age of four as a part of the Independent Yiddish Art Company of her parents. Adler began her career at the age of four in the play Broken Hearts at the Grand Street Theatre on the Lower East Side. She grew up acting alongside her parents, often playing roles of boys and her work schedule allowed little time for schooling, but when possible, she studied at public schools and New York University. She made her London debut, at the age of 18, as Naomi in Elisa Ben Avia with her fathers company, in London, she met her first husband, Englishman Horace Eliashcheff, their brief marriage, however, ended in a divorce. Adler made her English-language debut on Broadway in 1922 as the Butterfly in The World We Live In, in 1922–23, the renowned Russian actor-director Konstantin Stanislavski made his only U. S. tour with his Moscow Art Theatre. Adler and many others saw these performances, which had a powerful and lasting impact on her career, members of Group Theatre were leading interpreters of the method acting technique based on the work and writings of Stanislavski. In 1934, Adler went to Paris with Harold Clurman and studied intensively with Stanislavski for five weeks, during this period, she learned that Stanislavski had revised his theories, emphasizing that the actor should create by imagination rather than memory. Upon her return, she broke away from Strasberg on the aspects of method acting. In January 1937, Adler moved to Hollywood, there, she acted in films for six years under the name Stella Ardler, occasionally returning to the Group Theater until it dissolved in 1941. She also taught at the New School, and the Yale School of Drama, for many years, Adler led the undergraduate drama department at New York University, and became one of Americas leading acting teachers. Stella Adler was much more than a teacher of acting, through her work she imparts the most valuable kind of information—how to discover the nature of our own emotional mechanics and therefore those of others. She never lent herself to vulgar exploitations, as some other well-known so-called methods of acting have done, as a result, her contributions to the theatrical culture have remained largely unknown, unrecognized, and unappreciated. —Marlon Brando In 1988, she published The Technique of Acting with a foreword by Marlon Brando, from 1926 until 1952, she appeared regularly on Broadway. Her later stage roles include the 1946 revival of He Who Gets Slapped, among the plays she directed was a 1956 revival of the Paul Green/Kurt Weill antiwar musical Johnny Johnson
39.
Stella Adler Studio of Acting
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The Stella Adler Studio of Acting is an acting school founded in New York by actress and teacher Stella Adler. The Adler Studio has two locations, its original New York City conservatory, founded in 1949, and a second established in Los Angeles, California. Concurrent with her work as an actor and director, Stella Adler began to teach in the early 1940s at the Erwin Piscator Workshop at the New School for Social Research in New York. She left the faculty in 1949 to establish her own studio in New York in the same year. The studio offered courses in principles of acting, voice and speech, Shakespeare, movement, and makeup, as well as workshops in play analysis, character, scene preparation, onstage experience was acquired by performances of scenes and plays before an invited audience. Among her early students were Marlon Brando, Robert De Niro, Warren Beatty, Elaine Stritch, Mario Van Peebles, Harvey Keitel, Adler summarized her approach to acting as such, Growth as an actor and growth as a human being are synonymous. The Stella Adler Studio of Acting, in New York City, was founded in 1949 by Adler, in 1969, it became the first professional training school to become affiliated with New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts. The studio became a 5013 not-for-profit organization in 2000, the Stella Adler Studio of Acting New York Citys official West Coast branch is the Art of Acting Studio Los Angeles, named after Stella Adlers most famous book. The Stella Adler Studio of Acting is not affiliated with the Stella Adler Academy in Los Angeles, Adlers long history with Hollywood meant she had close ties and strong connections in the Los Angeles area. Protégés Joanne Linville and Irene Gilbert persuaded Stella Adler to open the academy in 1985 in Los Angeles, together, Gilbert and Linville are considered the schools cofounders, with Adler granting them permission to use her name. Gilbert remained the director of the school for 20 years, the original school was located in a small theater at Hollywood Boulevard and Argyle Avenue. A fire forced the closure of the school in 1991. The building was threatened with demolition to make way for a subway line at the time of Adlers death in 1992. In 1994, Irene Gilbert reopened the schools present location at 6773 Hollywood Boulevard and it was renamed the Stella Adler Academy of Acting, and celebrated its 25th anniversary in 2010. The historic location housed the famous Embassy Club in the 1930s, the school is an acting studio offering extensive training for actors in theatre, film, and television. Linville continues to teach at the academy as the instructor for the last 25 years. In 2010, alumni of the formed the Stella Adler Los Angeles Theatre Collective. Stella Adler Actors Studio Stella Adler Studio of Acting, New York City, Official website Art of Acting Studio, Los Angeles, Official Website Stella Adler Academy of Acting, LA, Official website
40.
California Air National Guard
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The California Air National Guard is the air force militia of the U. S. State of California. It is, along with the California Army National Guard, an element of the California National Guard, as state militia units, the units in the California Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of California through the office of the California Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The California Air National Guard is headquartered in Sacramento, and its commander is currently Major General Jon K. Kelk, under the Total Force concept, California Air National Guard units are considered to be Air Reserve Components of the United States Air Force. California ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized. State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of public services. It is under state jurisdiction and its members are employed only within the State of California and it is not subject to be called, ordered or assigned as any element of the federal armed forces. Currently in transition from a KC-135 Stratotanker air refueling mission to an MQ-1 Predator ISR wing, executing global unmanned aerial systems, combat support, and humanitarian missions. The California Air National Guard origins date to 28 August 1917 with the establishment of the 115th Aero Squadron as part of the World War I United States Army Air Service. The 115th served in France on the Western Front, constructed facilities and engaged in supply, the Militia Act of 1903 established the present National Guard system, units raised by the states but paid for by the Federal Government, liable for immediate state service. If federalized by Presidential order, they fall under the military chain of command. On 1 June 1920, the Militia Bureau issued Circular No.1 on organization of National Guard air units, initially the Unit held its meetings at Clover Field, Santa Monica, using Reserve Equipment planes for flying. Later on, the Squadron met at the National Guard Armory, in 1925, several months after its organization, the Squadron moved to permanent quarters at Griffith Park Aerodrome in Los Angeles. These unit designations were allotted and transferred to various State National Guard bureaus to provide them unit designations to re-establish them as Air National Guard units, the modern California ANG received federal recognition on 1 July 1946 as the 62d Fighter Wing at Van Nuys Airport, Van Nuys. Its 115th Bombardment Squadron was equipped with A-26 Invader light bombers, on 16 September 1946, its 146th Fighter Group was also formed at Van Nuys, with several fighter squadrons equipped with F-51 Mustangs and its mission was the air defense of the state. The 61sts mission was the air defense of Northern California, the 62d, today, units of the CA ANG perform a homeland defense mission, worldwide airlift missions, aireal firefighting, combat search and rescue, and Unmanned Aireal Reconnaissance missions. After the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States, in December 2007, after the grounding of F-15 fighters due to potential structural problems, the California Air National Guard assumed responsibility for defense of the western United States. This was the first time that a single states fighter wing took responsibility of defense for an entire coast, also, California ANG units have been deployed overseas as part of Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq as well as other locations as directed
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United States Air Force Reserve
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The Air Force Reserve Command is a Major Command of the United States Air Force, with its headquarters at Robins Air Force Base, Georgia. It is the federally controlled Air Reserve Component of the U. S. Air Force, consisting of duly appointed commissioned officers, AFRC supports the Air Force mission to defend the United States through the control and exploitation of air and space by supporting Global Engagement. AFRC also plays an role in the day-to-day Air Force mission and is not strictly a force held in reserve for possible war or contingency operations. The inventory, both AFRC-controlled and active duty Regular Air Force-controlled, includes the latest, most capable models of aircraft that are assigned to the U. S. Air Force. On any given day,99 percent of AFRCs aircraft are mission-ready, in addition to flying units, AFRC has numerous ground organizations ranging from medical units to civil engineers, intelligence and space operations, and security forces, just to name a few. In combination with the Air National Guard, the Air Force Reserve comprises half of what is known as the Air Reserve Component of the United States Air Force, AFRC forces are under the administrative control of the Commander, Air Force Reserve Command. The Air Force Reserve also contains other specialized capabilities not found in active duty Air Force units. A third unique mission set in the Air Force Reserve, Aerial Firefighting, is conducted in tandem with the Air National Guard, there are several categories of service for personnel in the Air Force Reserve. However, many Air Force Reservists, especially those in a flying status, serve well in excess of this minimum duty requirement. A smaller but equally important category of TR is the Individual Mobilization Augmentee and their job is to bring Air Force Reserve expertise to the planning and decision-making processes at senior levels within the Air Force, other services, and the Unified Combatant Commands. Like the Air National Guard, the Air Force Reserve Command also requires two categories of personnel to perform functions that require full-time manning. These full-time positions are filled via the two programs as employed by the Air National Guard, the Active Guard and Reserve program. Air Force Reservists who become members of the Active Guard and Reserve receive full active duty pay, the majority of AGRs are former TRs and they serve four-year controlled tours of special duty that can be renewed. S. Air Force, on the staffs of Unified Combatant Commands, on the Joint Staff, AFRC Recruiting is another field that employs AGR personnel. AGRs also have the option with good performance to serve 20 or more years on duty and receive a retirement after 20 or more years. Another category of Air Force Reservists serving full-time are those in the Air Reserve Technician Program, ARTs are accessed from either the active duty Regular Air Force, the AGR program, Traditional Guardsmen in the Air National Guard, or TRs in the Air Force Reserve. This category also includes all full-time ART personnel and they are predominantly assigned to the Unit Program or as IMAs. Standby Reserve Includes Reservists whose civilian jobs are considered key to defense or who have temporary disability or personal hardship
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Studio One (CBS series)
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Studio One is an American radio–television anthology drama series, created in 1947 by Canadian director Fletcher Markle, who came to CBS from the CBC. On April 29,1947, Markle launched the 60-minute CBS radio series with an adaptation of Malcolm Lowrys Under the Volcano, broadcast on Tuesdays, opposite Fibber McGee and Molly and The Bob Hope Show at 9,30 P. M. EST, the series continued until July 27,1948, showcasing such adaptations as Dodsworth, Pride and Prejudice, The Red Badge of Courage and Ah. Top performers were heard on series, including John Garfield, Walter Huston, Mercedes McCambridge, Burgess Meredith. In 1948, Markle made a leap from radio to television and it was telecast in black-and-white only. Offering a wide range of dramas, Studio One received Emmy nominations every year from 1950 to 1958, the series staged some notable and memorable teleplays among its 467 episodes. Some created such an impact they were adapted into theatrical films, william Templetons 1953 adaptation of George Orwells novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, starring Eddie Albert as Winston Smith, led to the 1956 feature film version with Edmond OBrien in the principal role. Sal Mineo had the role in the January 2,1956 episode of Reginald Roses Dino. In 1954, Crime at Blossoms, scripted by Jerome Ross, was given an Edgar Award for Best Episode in a TV Series, nathaniel Hawthornes granddaughter received a plaque in recognition of her grandfathers writing achievements, during the April 3,1950 telecast of The Scarlet Letter. The Night America Trembled was Studio Ones September 9,1957 top-rated television recreation of Orson Welles October 30,1938 radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds. The cast included Alexander Scourby, Ed Asner, and Vincent Gardenia, James Coburn, Warren Beatty, John Astin appeared uncredited as a reporter. With musical accompaniment by the Robert Shaw Chorale, and presented during the Christmas season of 1952, the cast included Thomas Hardie Chalmers, Miriam Wolfe, Hurd Hatfield, and Paul Tripp. Worthington Miner, Martin Manulis and others produced, as spokeswoman for Westinghouse, Betty Furness became strongly identified with Westinghouse products, and she also was seen in eight Studio One dramas. The shows musical directors were Milton C, anderson, who also created music for Playhouse 90, and Eugene Cines. The shows run ended when Westinghouse switched its sponsorship to the Westinghouse Desilu Playhouse, the series finished at #24 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1950-1951 season. For years, the half of the original TV production of Twelve Angry Men was considered lost. Consentino was researching a History Channel documentary about Leibowitz, and the discovery was announced by the Museum of Television & Radio. Utilizing clips of the show for flashbacks, the Boston Legal episode portrayed Shatners Studio One character as a young Denny Crane trying his first case alongside his father
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Kraft Television Theatre
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Kraft Television Theatre is an American drama/anthology television series that began May 7,1947 on NBC, airing at 7, 30pm on Wednesday evenings until December of that year. In January 1948, it moved to 9pm on Wednesdays, continuing in that timeslot until 1958, the program was broadcast live from Studio 8-H at 30 Rockefeller Plaza, currently the home of Saturday Night Live. Beginning October 1953, ABC added a series, created to promote Krafts new Cheez Whiz product. This series ran for sixteen months, telecast on Thursday evenings at 9, 30pm, after Kraft cancelled the second show, the second show changed its sponsor to become Ponds Theatre on ABC-TV from March 1955, while the original Kraft Theatre continued on NBC-TV. A prestige show for NBC, it launched the careers of more than a few actors, directors and playwrights, including future Emmy-winning, scott, Rod Steiger, Joan Tompkins, and Joanne Woodward. Announcers for the show were Ed Herlihy and Charles Stark, in 1958, young performers Martin Huston and Zina Bethune appeared in This Property Is Condemned, based on a Tennessee Williams play, the last show of Kraft Television Theatre. Directors for the series included Sidney Lumet, George Roy Hill, Fielder Cook, and John Boulting, Serling won an Emmy for scripting Patterns, the best remembered episode of the series. The drama had such an impact that it made history by staging a second live encore performance three weeks later and was developed as a feature film, also titled Patterns. In April 1958, Kraft sold the rights to David Susskinds Talent Associates, under that title, it continued until September 1958. However, this evolved into the 1963 filmed series Kraft Suspense Theatre. Between 1947 and 1958, the Kraft Television Theatre presented more than 650 comedies, the series finished #14 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1950-1951 season, #23 for 1951-1952 and #21 for 1953-1954. Excerpts from several 1947 episodes are part of a reel of 1947 television clips held by the Library of Congress, in addition, the Library of Congress holds a large number of complete episodes, including five from 1948. The American Heritage Center has a number of scripts from various episodes for the years 1947,1948 and these scripts, though authored by various people, were edited by Rice. Kraft Television Theatre at the Internet Movie Database Kraft Television Theatre at TV. com Kraft Mystery Theatre at CVTA with episode list
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Playhouse 90
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Playhouse 90 was an American television anthology drama series that aired on CBS from 1956 to 1960 for a total of 133 episodes. The show was produced at CBS Television City in Los Angeles, the producers of the show were Martin Manulis, John Houseman, Russell Stoneman, Fred Coe, Arthur Penn, and Hubbell Robinson. The leading director was John Frankenheimer, followed by Franklin Schaffner, other directors included Sidney Lumet, George Roy Hill, Delbert Mann, and Robert Mulligan. With Alex Norths opening theme music, the series debuted October 4,1956 with Rod Serlings adaptation of Pat Franks novel Forbidden Area starring Charlton Heston, Serling was given the first Peabody Award for television writing. For many viewers, live television drama had moved to a loftier plateau, Playhouse 90 established a reputation as televisions most distinguished anthology drama series and maintained a high standard for four seasons. From the start, productions were planned to be live and filmed, with a filmed show every fourth Thursday to relieve the pressure of mounting the live telecasts. The first filmed Playhouse 90 was The Country Husband with Barbara Hale, the filmed episodes were produced variously, by Screen Gems and CBS. Playhouse 90 received many Emmy Award nominations, and it later ranked #33 on the TV Guide 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time, in 1997, the acclaimed Requiem for a Heavyweight was ranked #30 on the TV Guide 100 Greatest Episodes of All Time. Early on, in 1956, Playhouse 90 faced some controversy due to scheduling, worried about this issue, CBS suspended its plans for the series in fear that they had violated anti-trust laws. Soon afterward, however, CBS received an opinion from its legal counsel that no laws had been violated. Playwright Tad Mosel, who wrote four teleplays for Playhouse 90, recalled, glamour had come to television because CBS had built this magnificent Television City in Los Angeles. Television had come to deserve buildings for itself and this was a whole new idea, that youd have a building for television. Playhouse 90 was one of the first shows to go into that mammoth building, between 1954 and 1960, John Frankenheimer directed 152 live television dramas, an average of one every two weeks. During the 1950s he was regarded as televisions top talent and much of his significant work was for Playhouse 90. In later interviews, Frankenheimer expressed his admiration for Rooneys acting in this memorable drama, a kinescope of The Comedian survives and remains available for viewing at the Paley Center for Media in New York City and Los Angeles. After The Last Tycoon, adapted from the F. Robert Alan Aurthurs script for A Sound of Different Drummers borrowed so heavily from Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 that Bradbury sued. The Troublemakers was George Bellaks adaptation of his own 1956 play about a newspaper editor killed by other students. Frankenheimer ended the year with The Thundering Wave, starring James, a Town Has Turned to Dust, a Serling drama about a 1870 lynching of an innocent Mexican in a southwestern town, was based on the Emmett Till case
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