1.
Hamilton, Ontario
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Hamilton is a port city in the Canadian province of Ontario. Residents of the old city are known as Hamiltonians, since 1981, the metropolitan area has been listed as the ninth largest in Canada and the third largest in Ontario. Hamilton is home to the Royal Botanical Gardens, the Canadian Warplane Heritage Museum, McMaster University is ranked 4th in Canada and 94th in the world by Times Higher Education Rankings 2015-16 and has a well-known medical school. Possibly because of its environment, numerous TV and film productions have been filmed in Hamilton, regulated by the Hamilton Film. A growing arts and culture community garnered media attention in 2006 when the Globe and Mail published an article called Go West, the article highlighted local art galleries, recording studios and independent film production. In pre-colonial times, the Neutral Indians used much of the land but were driven out by the Five Nations who were allied with the British against the Huron. A member of the Iroquois Confederacy provided the route and name for Mohawk Road, which originally included King Street in the lower city. In 1784, about 10,000 United Empire Loyalists settled in Upper Canada, chiefly in Niagara, around the Bay of Quinte, and along the St. Lawrence River between Lake Ontario and Montreal. They were soon followed by many more Americans, some of not so much ardent loyalists but attracted nonetheless by the availability of inexpensive. At the same time, large numbers of Iroquois loyal to Britain arrived from the United States and were settled on reserves west of Lake Ontario. The town of Hamilton was conceived by George Hamilton, when he purchased farm holdings of James Durand, nathaniel Hughson, a property owner to the north, cooperated with George Hamilton to prepare a proposal for a courthouse and jail on Hamiltons property. Hamilton offered the land to the crown for the future site, Durand was empowered by Hughson and Hamilton to sell property holdings which later became the site of the town. As he had instructed, Durand circulated the offers at York during a session of the Legislative Assembly. Initially, this town was not the most important centre of the Gore District, a permanent jail was not constructed until 1832 when a cut-stone design was completed on one of the two squares created in 1816, Princes Square. Subsequently, the first police board and the limits were defined by statute on February 13,1833. Official City status was achieved on June 9,1846, by an act of Parliament,9 Victoria Chapter 73, the city had several interurban electric street railways and two inclines, all powered by the Cataract Power Co. Though suffering through the Hamilton Street Railway strike of 1906, with industrial businesses expanding, allan Skyway in 1958, and the first Tim Hortons store in 1964. Since then, many of the industries have moved or shut down operations and the economy has shifted more toward the service sector, such as transportation, education
2.
Ontario
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Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canadas most populous province by a margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and it is home to the nations capital city, Ottawa, and the nations most populous city, Toronto. There is only about 1 km of land made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border. Ontario is sometimes divided into two regions, Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario. The great majority of Ontarios population and arable land is located in the south, in contrast, the larger, northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested. The province is named after Lake Ontario, a thought to be derived from Ontarí, io, a Huron word meaning great lake, or possibly skanadario. Ontario has about 250,000 freshwater lakes, the province consists of three main geographical regions, The thinly populated Canadian Shield in the northwestern and central portions, which comprises over half the land area of Ontario. Although this area mostly does not support agriculture, it is rich in minerals and in part covered by the Central and Midwestern Canadian Shield forests, studded with lakes, Northern Ontario is subdivided into two sub-regions, Northwestern Ontario and Northeastern Ontario. The virtually unpopulated Hudson Bay Lowlands in the north and northeast, mainly swampy. Southern Ontario which is further sub-divided into four regions, Central Ontario, Eastern Ontario, Golden Horseshoe, the highest point is Ishpatina Ridge at 693 metres above sea level located in Temagami, Northeastern Ontario. In the south, elevations of over 500 m are surpassed near Collingwood, above the Blue Mountains in the Dundalk Highlands, the Carolinian forest zone covers most of the southwestern region of the province. A well-known geographic feature is Niagara Falls, part of the Niagara Escarpment, the Saint Lawrence Seaway allows navigation to and from the Atlantic Ocean as far inland as Thunder Bay in Northwestern Ontario. Northern Ontario occupies roughly 87 percent of the area of the province. Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario that is the southernmost extent of Canadas mainland, Pelee Island and Middle Island in Lake Erie extend slightly farther. All are south of 42°N – slightly farther south than the border of California. The climate of Ontario varies by season and location, the effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend mainly on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, most of Ontarios climate is classified as humid continental, Ontario has three main climatic regions
3.
Canada
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Canada is a country in the northern half of North America. Canadas border with the United States is the worlds longest binational land border, the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its territory being dominated by forest and tundra. It is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, One third of the population lives in the three largest cities, Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Its capital is Ottawa, and other urban areas include Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg. Various aboriginal peoples had inhabited what is now Canada for thousands of years prior to European colonization. Pursuant to the British North America Act, on July 1,1867, the colonies of Canada, New Brunswick and this began an accretion of provinces and territories to the mostly self-governing Dominion to the present ten provinces and three territories forming modern Canada. With the Constitution Act 1982, Canada took over authority, removing the last remaining ties of legal dependence on the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Canada is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with Queen Elizabeth II being the head of state. The country is officially bilingual at the federal level and it is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many other countries. Its advanced economy is the eleventh largest in the world, relying chiefly upon its abundant natural resources, Canadas long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. Canada is a country and has the tenth highest nominal per capita income globally as well as the ninth highest ranking in the Human Development Index. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, Canada is an influential nation in the world, primarily due to its inclusive values, years of prosperity and stability, stable economy, and efficient military. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the origins of Canada. In 1535, indigenous inhabitants of the present-day Quebec City region used the word to direct French explorer Jacques Cartier to the village of Stadacona, from the 16th to the early 18th century Canada referred to the part of New France that lay along the St. Lawrence River. In 1791, the area became two British colonies called Upper Canada and Lower Canada collectively named The Canadas, until their union as the British Province of Canada in 1841. Upon Confederation in 1867, Canada was adopted as the name for the new country at the London Conference. The transition away from the use of Dominion was formally reflected in 1982 with the passage of the Canada Act, later that year, the name of national holiday was changed from Dominion Day to Canada Day
4.
Folk rock
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It has also been influential in those parts of the world with close cultural connections to Britain and gave rise to the genre of folk punk. By the 1980s the genre was in decline in popularity. When English bands of the late 1960s and early 1970s defined themselves as electric folk they were making a distinction with the existing folk rock. Folk rock was what they had already been producing, American or American style singer-songwriter material played on instruments, as undertaken by Bob Dylan. They drew the distinction because they were focusing on indigenous songs, the result of this hybridisation was an exchange of specific features drawn from Traditional music and Rock music. For example, electric folk groups, while using traditional material as their source for lyrics and tunes. In the same year, The Beatles began incorporating overt folk influences into their music, the Beatles and other British Invasion bands, in turn, influenced the Californian band The Byrds, who began playing folk-influenced material and Bob Dylan compositions with rock instrumentation. The Byrds recording of Dylans Mr Tambourine Man was released in April 1965 and reached #1 on the U. S. and UK singles charts, setting off the mid-1960s folk rock movement. The Beatles late 1965 album, Rubber Soul, contained a number of songs clearly influenced by the American folk rock boom, such as Nowhere Man and If I Needed Someone. Folk rock became an important genre among emerging English bands, particularly those in the London club scene towards the end of the 1960s. Like the American revival, it was often overtly left wing in its politics, most important among their responses were the foundation of folk clubs in major towns, starting with London where MacColl began the Ballads and Blues Club in 1953. These clubs were usually urban in location, but the songs sung in them often hearkened back to a rural pre-industrial past, in many ways this was the adoption of abandoned popular music by the middle classes. This meant that there were, by the later 1960s, a group of performers with musical skill and knowledge of a variety of traditional songs. The result was an interpretation of the song A Sailors Life. The rapid expansion of electric folk that followed in the wake of Liege, five Hand Reel a band formed out of the remnants of Spencers Feat proved to be one of the more successful and influential folk rock bands. Releasing 4 albums with Topic/RCA records they were popular in Europe. He then quit that and eventually formed the Albion Country Band, later the Albion Band, a much smaller group of English bands were formed in emulation of existing electric rock bands. Fiddlers Dram were often dismissed as one hit wonders for their single Day Trip to Bangor, most of their career, from that point until they disbanded in 1979, was one of declining profile and sales
5.
Luke Doucet
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Luke Doucet is a Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist. He has written and performed as a solo artist and as a member of the rock band Veal. In 2006 and 2011, Doucet was nominated for Juno Awards in the Adult Alternative Album of the Year category for his albums, Broken and he lost to Neil Young both years. Doucet has received plenty of critical acclaim, the Toronto Star referred to him as the best young guitarist in the country, born in Halifax, Nova Scotia, but raised in Manitoba, Doucet planned to become a lawyer before deciding to focus on guitar. When Doucet was six years old, he travelled the Cabot Trail in Cape Breton, when he was just 11 years old, Doucet travelled solo from Winnipeg to Nova Scotia. And at 13, he took a Greyhound bus from Winnipeg to Vancouver, Doucet got his first guitar later that same year, and played in a blues band with his dad when he was 15. Since his parents divorced when he was young, playing in the band was an opportunity for Doucet to bond with his father, after playing in bands throughout high school, Doucet moved to Vancouver at 19 and joined Sarah McLachlans band. Luke Doucet was the front man for Vancouver rock band Veal, along with Doucet, Veal consisted of bassist Nik Kozub and drummer Chang. Howard Redekopp and Barry Mirochnick had also played bass in the band, Veal released three albums, Hot Loser in 1996, Tilt OWhirl in 1999 and The Embattled Hearts in 2003. In 2001 Doucet released his first album, Aloha, Manitoba, the album consists of songs written for Veal that his band-mates felt were too soft. A departure from his work with Veal, Aloha, Manitoba has a mellower, bazil Donovan, Barry Mirochnick, Lloyd Peterson, Christine Fellows, Sky Onosson and Gilles Fournier performed on the record. Aloha, Manitoba was the first official release for Toronto record label, Six Shooter Records, Doucet is still with the label, and has released all of his solo albums with Six Shooter. In 2004 Doucet released Outlaws, Live and Unreleased, a collection of live songs. Most of the album was recorded in February,2004 at the Rivoli in Toronto, in 2005 Doucet released his sophomore studio album, Broken. A break-up album, Broken focused on the heartbreak of a failed relationship, Broken was nominated in 2006 for a Juno Award in the Adult Alternative Album of the Year category. The Fokestar EP was released as a digital-only EP in 2006 and it contains five songs, two of which are early versions of songs that would be re-recorded for Doucets next album, Bloods Too Rich. In 2007 Doucet moved to Nashville where he wrote Bloods Too Rich, despite being excited about living in such a musical city, Doucet was homesick and longed to be back in Canada. Six Shooter released Bloods Too Rich on January 8,2008 in Canada, while Doucets earlier albums are simply billed as ‘by Luke Doucet, Bloods Too Rich is credited to both Luke Doucet and The White Falcon
6.
Melissa McClelland
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Melissa McClelland is an American-born Canadian singer-songwriter who lived in Hamilton, Ontario, in her youth and now bases her career from Toronto. McClellands music is influenced by blues and americana, a writer on CMJs staff blog wrote that McClelland has a persona reminiscent of a female Tom Waits. Melissa McClelland was born in Chicago, Illinois and she spent her youth in Burlington, Ontario before developing her career in Toronto. McClelland married Luke Doucet on 24 June 2006, the two have played together on numerous stages, including at the 2006 Calgary Folk Music Festival and he has produced three of her records, Stranded in Suburbia, Thumbelinas One Night Stand and Victoria Day. In 2006 McClelland opened for Matthew Goods solo acoustic tour across Canada, during the tour the two singers closed Matthew Goods set with a duet performance of the Nine Inch Nails song Hurt. She also works with Sarah McLachlan, providing backing vocals at her live shows, McLachlan makes a guest appearance on the song Go Down Matthew from McClellands album Thumbelinas One Night Stand. Skyway Bridge features Greg Keelor from Blue Rodeo, additionally, McClelland is the only guest artist on Blue Rodeos 2008 live album, Blue Road. In 2007 McClelland opened a tour with Jesse Cook and sang on his recording of It Aint Me Babe which was released on his 2007 album Frontiers. It Aint Me Babe was released as a single from that album, also in 2007, McClellands Passenger 24 won in The 6th Annual Independent Music Awards for Best Americana Song. McClellands song Rooftop was featured on the 2005 soundtrack CD of the television series Degrassi, The Next Generation. The song was played on the montage of the 2004 episode Time Stands Still Pt.2, in which a main character, Jimmy Brooks was shot by a bullied student. She also performed the song for the childrens reality show This Is Daniel Cook. In 2008, she contributed to the soundtrack of the film One Week, in the same year, her side-band Ladybird Sideshow released a live album entitled Ladybird Sideshow Live at the Orange Lounge. McClellands follow-up album, Thumbelinas One Night Stand was released in 2006, reviews drew attention to the eclectic nature of the album. Magazine described the album as impossible to pin down stylistically, as it segues from roots-y rock to country to pop to folk. In late 2008 Melissa McClelland began work on Victoria Day, her fourth album, Victoria Day was scheduled for release on April 14,2009. The album was recorded at Canterbury Music by Jeremy Darby, and was produced by Luke Doucet, Victoria Day has a vintage 1950s sound, combining dixieland with high lonesome twang. Seasoned Lovers, from Victoria Day, features vocals from Canadian singer-songwriter Ron Sexsmith, in 2011 McClelland and her husband Luke Doucet released an self-titled album under the moniker Whitehorse on Six Shooter Records
7.
2013 Polaris Music Prize
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The 2013 edition of the Canadian Polaris Music Prize was presented on September 23,2013 at The Carlu event theatre in Toronto, Ontario. The award was won by Godspeed You, black Emperor for their album Allelujah. Maybe the next celebration should happen in a hall, without the corporate banners. Despite their criticism the band accepted the award, but donated the money to a Quebec-based program of music education in prisons. The prizes 10-album shortlist was announced on July 16, the prizes preliminary 40-album longlist was announced on June 13
8.
Massey Hall
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Massey Hall is a performing arts theatre in the Garden District of downtown Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The theatre was designed to seat 3,500 patrons, Massey Hall was designated a National Historic Site of Canada on June 15,1981. Massey Hall was built to fill the need for a meeting place where people from Toronto and area could meet. It was designed with a facade, and features moorish arches that span the width of the interior hall. This interior was inspired by the Alhambra Palace in Spain as well as Louis Sullivans Chicago Auditorium, the exterior neoclassical facade was a preference voiced from Lillian, Hart Masseys daughter. Designed by architect Sidney Badgley, Massey Hall was completed in 1894 at a cost of $152,390.75, construction was financed by Hart Massey of Massey-Harris holding company. The halls debut concert was on June 14,1894, the Albert Building, at 15 Shuter Street, was added as a janitorial residence in 1917, and later converted as backstage space. However, it will be demolished and replaced by a new addition during pending renovations in spite of potential historic value, the exterior is Palladian architecture while the interior is Moorish Revival architecture. In 1933, the Massey Foundation undertook further renovations to the hall and it is currently used for a variety of events and is operated by the same corporation as Roy Thomson Hall. In 1994, to commemorate the Halls 100th anniversary, the basement was refurbished to include Centuries. Prior to this addition, alcohol was not permitted in the hall, the decor of Centuries includes hundreds of photos of artists who have performed there over the years including many autographs. Centuries has a capacity of 220 people, and often hosts CD release parties, roughly five years after Centuries was created, an additional bar in the balcony lounge was added. The doors at the front of the venue were painted red, a neon sign was hung above the main entrance. Many dignitaries have attended the Hall since its inauguration, in 1901, the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York visited with Canadian Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier. It was the site of the legendary Charlie Parker-Dizzy Gillespie concert, recorded as Jazz at Massey Hall, accompanying Gillespie and Parker in this acoustically sound hall were Bud Powell, Max Roach and Charles Mingus. Neil Youngs performance on January 19,1971 was recorded and later released as a live album, rush, in June 1976, recorded the live album All the Worlds a Stage here. Matthew Good performed and recorded his concert, on May 29,2008, during Natty Dread Tour, Bob Marley and The Wailers performed for the first time in Toronto, Canada on June 8,1975. On January 8,1995, Ronnie Hawkins celebrated his 60th birthday by throwing a concert here, the concert featured performances by Hawkins, Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis, The Band and Larry Gowan
9.
French language
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French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages, French has evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues doïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to Frances past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, a French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is a language in 29 countries, most of which are members of la francophonie. As of 2015, 40% of the population is in Europe, 35% in sub-Saharan Africa, 15% in North Africa and the Middle East, 8% in the Americas. French is the fourth-most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union, 1/5 of Europeans who do not have French as a mother tongue speak French as a second language. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 17th and 18th century onward, French was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, most second-language speakers reside in Francophone Africa, in particular Gabon, Algeria, Mauritius, Senegal and Ivory Coast. In 2015, French was estimated to have 77 to 110 million native speakers, approximately 274 million people are able to speak the language. The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie estimates 700 million by 2050, in 2011, Bloomberg Businessweek ranked French the third most useful language for business, after English and Standard Mandarin Chinese. Under the Constitution of France, French has been the language of the Republic since 1992. France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, French is one of the four official languages of Switzerland and is spoken in the western part of Switzerland called Romandie, of which Geneva is the largest city. French is the language of about 23% of the Swiss population. French is also a language of Luxembourg, Monaco, and Aosta Valley, while French dialects remain spoken by minorities on the Channel Islands. A plurality of the worlds French-speaking population lives in Africa and this number does not include the people living in non-Francophone African countries who have learned French as a foreign language. Due to the rise of French in Africa, the total French-speaking population worldwide is expected to reach 700 million people in 2050, French is the fastest growing language on the continent. French is mostly a language in Africa, but it has become a first language in some urban areas, such as the region of Abidjan, Ivory Coast and in Libreville. There is not a single African French, but multiple forms that diverged through contact with various indigenous African languages, sub-Saharan Africa is the region where the French language is most likely to expand, because of the expansion of education and rapid population growth
10.
Polaris Music Prize
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The Polaris Music Prize is a music award annually given to the best full-length Canadian album based on artistic merit, regardless of genre, sales, or record label. The award was established in 2006 with a $20,000 cash prize, in May 2015, it was announced the Polaris Music Prize winner will now receive $50,000, an additional $20,000, thanks to the sponsorship of Slaight Music. Additionally, second place prizes which go to the nine other acts on the Short List will increase from $2,000 to $3,000, details about the selection process for this prize are still to be revealed. The Polaris Music Prize is modeled after United Kingdom/Irelands Mercury Prize and in turn, inspired the Atlantis Music Prize for Newfoundland, past sponsors have included Rogers Communications and Scion. The Polaris Music Prize gala is video streamed live on CBC Music, there is no submission process or entry fee for the Polaris Music Prize. Jurors select what they consider to be the five best Canadian albums released in the previous year, the ballots are tabulated with each number one pick awarded five points, a number two pick awarded four points and so on. A long list of 40 titles is tabulated, released in mid June, the long list is then sent back to the jury. The jurors then re-submit five top picks from this long list and these ballots are re-tabulated and the top ten titles form the Polaris short list. This list is released in early July and promoted to the public, jurors are selected by the Polaris Music Prize board of directors. The jury list includes more than 200 Canadian music journalists, bloggers and broadcasters, to ensure an impartial outcome, no one with direct financial relationships with artists is eligible to become a jury member. The organization itself is a registered, not-for-profit corporation, on November 3,2014 Jian Ghomeshi, the disgraced former CBC Q host and host of the very first Polaris Gala, was dropped from the Polaris juror pool. Polaris officials have no official announcement on the subject. In 2015, the Polaris jury also launched the Polaris Heritage Prize, each year, the Heritage Prize will present four awards to one album from each of four time periods. In the first year, the Heritage Prizes were awarded in the categories 1960s-70s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000-2005, non-winning nominees in a Heritage Prize category can be renominated again in a future year. The Polaris Music Prize can be the subject of scrutiny from fans, media. A number of recurring debates have emerged throughout Polaris history, Polaris Prize winners are often the centre of specific controversies as well. 2014 During Tanya Tagaqs victory speech she declared Fuck PETA, in reference to the organization for the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, tagaq also used her gala performance and post-Polaris victory interviews as a platform to discuss the instances of missing and murdered Aboriginal women across Canada. Black Emperor refused to attend the 2013 Polaris gala, so when the band won for their album Allelujah
11.
2015 Polaris Music Prize
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The 2015 edition of the Canadian Polaris Music Prize was presented on September 21,2015 at The Carlu event theatre in Toronto, Ontario. The event was hosted by childrens entertainer Fred Penner, the ten-album shortlist was announced on July 16. The prizes preliminary 40-album longlist was announced on June 16 at the Carleton Music Bar and Grill in Halifax, in 2015, the Polaris committee also launched the Heritage Prize, an awards program to honour classic Canadian albums released before the creation of the Polaris Prize. Each year four shortlists of albums from four periods in Canadian music will be released. These will be announced separately from the main Polaris Prize, the winners for 2015 were announced on October 9. The four winning albums will be honoured with a concert in Toronto in early 2016, a trophy
12.
Exclaim!
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Exclaim. is a monthly Canadian music magazine that features in-depth coverage of new music across all genres with special focus on Canadian and cutting-edge artists. Content is based on the print publication, publishes 11 issues per year. Exclaim. began as a discussion among campus and community radio programmers at Ryersons CKLN-FM in 1991 and it was started by Ian Danzig, together with other programmers and Toronto musicians. The goal of the publication was to support great Canadian music that was otherwise going unheralded, the group worked through 1991 to produce their first issue in April 1992, with monthly issues being produced since. Ian Danzig has been the publisher of the magazine since its start, similarly to an alternative weekly newspaper, the magazine is distributed as a free publication at campus and community radio stations, bars, record stores, libraries, and coffee shops. The magazines website features reviews, interviews and profiles not found in the print publication and it includes a news page that is updated with the latest in music and music-related culture. The site reaches 211,000 unique users every month, TV, which includes weekly instalments of video interviews with musicians, as well as a section titled Click Hear where readers are guided to the latest music released on the Internet. As well as music, exclaim. ca reviews films, DVDs, music DVDs, concerts, exclaim. ca is also increasing its coverage of film festivals, such as the Toronto International Film Festival and the Sundance Film Festival. The magazine also covers smaller Toronto festivals such as the Toronto Reel Asian International Film Festival, Hot Docs Documentary Film Festival, the magazines website also has contests where readers can enter for a chance to win various music-related prizes. These artists are featured on the cover of Exclaims monthly issue, x3 artists of the month have included Knaan, Malajube, Thunderheist, Japandroids, Apostle of Hustle, You Say Party. We Say Die. and The Rural Alberta Advantage
13.
Toronto Star
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The Toronto Star is a Canadian broadsheet daily newspaper. It is owned by Toronto Star Newspapers Ltd. a division of Star Media Group, the Star was first printed on Toronto World presses, and at its formation The World owned a 51% interest in it as a silent partner. That arrangement only lasted for two months, during time it was rumoured that William Findlay Billy Maclean, the Worlds proprietor, was considering selling the Star to the Riordon family. After an extensive fundraising campaign among the Star staff, Maclean agreed to sell his interest to Hocken, the paper did poorly in its first few years. Hocken sold out within the year, and several owners followed in succession until Sir William Mackenzie bought it in 1896 and its new editors, Edmund E. Sheppard and Frederic Nicholls, moved the entire Star operation into the same building used by the magazine Saturday Night. This would continue until Joseph E, holy Joe Atkinson, backed by funds raised by supporters of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, bought the paper. The supporters included Senator George Cox, William Mulock, Peter Charles Larkin, Atkinson was the Stars editor from 1899 until his death in 1948. Its early opposition and criticism of the Nazi regime saw the paper one of the first North American papers to be banned in Germany. He championed many causes that would come to be associated with the welfare state, old age pensions, unemployment insurance. The Government of Canada Digital Collections website describes Atkinson as a radical in the best sense of that term, the Star was unique among North American newspapers in its consistent, ongoing advocacy of the interests of ordinary people. The friendship of Atkinson, the publisher, with Mackenzie King, Atkinson became the controlling shareholder of the Star. The Star was frequently criticized for practising the yellow journalism of its era, for decades, the paper included heavy doses of crime and sensationalism, along with advocating social change. From 1910 to 1973, the Star published a weekend supplement, shortly before his death in 1948, Joseph E. Atkinson transferred ownership of the paper to a charitable organization given the mandate of continuing the papers liberal tradition. In 1949, the Province of Ontario passed the Charitable Gifts Act, barring charitable organizations from owning parts of profit-making businesses. It would continue to supply sponsored content to the CRBCs station CRCT, in 1971, the newspaper was renamed The Toronto Star and moved to a modern office tower at One Yonge Street by Queens Quay. The original Star Building at 80 King Street West was demolished to make room for First Canadian Place, the new building originally housed the papers presses. In 1992, the plant was moved to the Toronto Star Press Centre at the Highway 407 &400 interchange in Vaughan. In September 2002, the logo was changed, and The was dropped from the papers, during the 2003 blackout, the Star printed the paper at a press in Welland, Ontario
14.
The Globe and Mail
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The Globe and Mail is a nationally distributed Canadian newspaper owned by The Woodbridge Company, based in Toronto and printed in six cities across the country. The Globe and Mail is regarded by some as Canadas newspaper of record, the predecessor to The Globe and Mail was The Globe, founded in 1844 by Scottish immigrant George Brown, who became a Father of Confederation. Browns liberal politics led him to court the support of the Clear Grits and he selected as the motto for the editorial page a quotation from Junius, The subject who is truly loyal to the Chief Magistrate will neither advise nor submit to arbitrary measures. The quotation is carried on the page to this day. By the 1850s, The Globe had become an independent and well-regarded daily newspaper and it began distribution by railway to other cities in Ontario shortly after Canadian Confederation. At the dawn of the century, The Globe added photography, a womens section, and the slogan Canadas National Newspaper. It began opening bureaus and offering subscriptions across Canada, on 23 November 1936, The Globe merged with The Mail and Empire, itself formed through the 1895 merger of two conservative newspapers, The Toronto Mail and Toronto Empire. Press reports at the stated, the minnow swallowed the whale because The Globes circulation was smaller than The Mail. The merger was arranged by George McCullagh, who fronted for mining magnate William Henry Wright and became the first publisher of The Globe, McCullagh committed suicide in 1952, and the newspaper was sold to the Webster family of Montreal. As the paper lost ground to The Toronto Star in the local Toronto market, the newspaper was unionised in 1955, under the banner of the American Newspaper Guild. From 1937 until 1974, the newspaper was produced at the William H, in 1965, the paper was bought by Winnipeg-based FP Publications, controlled by Bryan Maheswary, which owned a chain of local Canadian newspapers. FP put an emphasis on the Report on Business section that was launched in 1962. FP Publications and The Globe and Mail were sold in 1980 to The Thomson Corporation, after the acquisition there were few changes made in editorial or news policy. However, there was more attention paid to national and international news on the editorial, op-ed, the Globe and Mail has always been a morning newspaper. Since the 1980s, it has been printed in editions in six Canadian cities, Halifax, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Calgary. Southern Ontario Newspaper Guild employees took their first ever strike vote at The Globe in 1982 and those negotiations ended without a strike, and the Globe unit of SONG still has a strike-free record. SONG members voted in 1994 to sever ties with the American-focused Newspaper Guild, shortly afterwards, SONG affiliated with the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada. Under the editorship of William Thorsell in the 1980s and 1990s, during this period, the paper continued to favour such socially liberal policies as decriminalizing drugs and expanding gay rights
15.
CBC News
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Founded in 1941, CBC News is the largest news broadcaster in Canada and has local, regional and national broadcasts and stations. It works closely with, but is separate from, Le Téléjournal, the distinctive music on all CBC television news programs was introduced in 2006. It was part of the rebranding of all news programming under the CBC News title. Most local newscasts on CBC Television are currently branded as CBC News, such as CBC News, CBC Radio News produces on-the-hour updates for the CBCs national radio stations and provides content for regional updates. The majority of news and information is aired on CBC Radio One, CBC News Online is the CBCs CBC. ca news website. Launched in 1996, it was named one of the most popular websites in Canada in 2012. The website provides regional, national, and international coverage, and arts and entertainment. Many reports are accompanied by podcasting, audio and video from the CBCs television, in November 2005, the CBC News Weather Centre was established to cover local and international weather, using in part data provided by Environment Canada. Claire Martin was hired to serve as the face of the Weather Centre. The weather section of CBC. ca has been phased out in favour of forecasts from The Weather Network, CBC News provides the following television programs. Several conservative outlets and politicians have accused the CBC of bias in its news coverage, including the National Post, former prime minister Stephen Harper and columnist Barbara Amiel. In 2009, CBC President Hubert Lacroix commissioned a study to determine whether its news was biased and he said, Our job — and we take it seriously — is to ensure that the information that we put out is fair and unbiased in everything that we do. The study, the methodology of which was not specified, was due to results in the fall of 2010. In April 2010, the Conservatives accused pollster Frank Graves of giving advice to the Liberal Party of Canada. Graves directed a number of public research projects on behalf of the CBC as well as other media organizations. An investigation conducted by the CBC ombudsman found no evidence to support these allegations and we believe that it is our obligation to report fairly and truthfully. The CBC sets out to maintain its accuracy, integrity and fairness in its journalism, as a Canadian institution and a press undertaking, CBC set out the Journalistic Standards and Practices and works in compliance with these principles. Balanced viewpoints must be presented through on-the-air discussions, as it is with other public and private journalistic undertakings, credibility in the eyes of the general population is seen as the corporations most valuable asset
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CBC Music
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CBC Music is a digital music service, launched by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation on February 13,2012. The service provides online streaming of 53 web radio services, including the radio networks CBC Radio 2. Some of the genre webstreams were already provided by Radio 2 or Radio 3, a similar site, IciMusique. ca, is also offered by the CBCs French radio division, Société Radio-Canada. In addition to the website, the service is available as a smartphone application for Android, iPhones, iPads. The service was launched shortly after the CBC reached a licensing deal with the AVLA in January 2012. In May 2013, the service sponsored the first CBC Music Festival, the service also mounts the annual Searchlight competition for unsigned emerging bands. In December 2013, the site launched the first issue of CBC Music Magazine. Prior to the launch of CBC Music, Radio 3 broadcast an annual Searchlight contest, the topic of Searchlight was different each year, with contests focusing on such themes as Canadas best live music club, best music festival and best music website. Following the launch of CBC Music, Searchlight was relaunched as a platform-wide contest to determine Canadas best unsigned musical artist, incorporating participation from both CBC Music and CBC Radio One, the process begins with a series of local competitions produced by Radio Ones local afternoon shows. Listener feedback and online voting determines the artists who advance to the next round, when the list has been narrowed to ten artists, three established musicians step in as judges, who each pick their own favourite act. The winner of the competition wins $20,000 in musical gear from Yamaha Music,2013 - Sherman Downey and the Ambiguous Case, Good Ol Goats 2014 - Lauren Mann and the Fairly Odd Folk, Jofo, Erin Saoirse Adair, Fitness Club Fiasco. Judges, Torquil Campbell, Sarah Slean and Kardinal Offishall,2015 - Orange OClock, Scary Bear Soundtrack, The Fall Line, Ivory Hours. Judges, Dan Boeckner, Jenn Grant and Saukrates,2016 - Desirée Dawson, Andi, Dylan Menzie, Teo Milea. Judges, Maestro Fresh Wes, Sarah Blackwood, Dallas Smith, the CBC Music Festival takes place in Toronto, on the Echo Beach stage at Ontario Place. The Debaters, Fred Penner, Mamma Yamma, Orange OClock,2016 - Maestro, Tanya Tagaq, Whitehorse, Tokyo Police Club, Alvvays, The New Pornographers, Rich Terfry, Hey Rosetta. Desirée Dawson, Terra Lightfoot, John River, Ria Mae, Zaki Ibrahim, The Franklin Electric, Julian Taylor, Laura Sauvage, Charlotte Cardin, Emilie & Ogden, Megan Bonnell. The service has since dropped from Sirius XM in favour of CBC Country. This stream debuted as Complete Cohen, featuring the songs of Leonard Cohen in both the Cohen originals and cover versions by other artists
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MusicBrainz
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MusicBrainz is a project that aims to create an open data music database that is similar to the freedb project. MusicBrainz was founded in response to the placed on the Compact Disc Database. MusicBrainz has expanded its goals to reach beyond a compact disc metadata storehouse to become an open online database for music. MusicBrainz captures information about artists, their works, and the relationships between them. Recorded works entries capture at a minimum the album title, track titles, and these entries are maintained by volunteer editors who follow community written style guidelines. Recorded works can also store information about the date and country. As of 26 July 2016, MusicBrainz contained information about roughly 1.1 million artists,1.6 million releases, end-users can use software that communicates with MusicBrainz to add metadata tags to their digital media files, such as MP3, Ogg Vorbis or AAC. As with other contributions, the MusicBrainz community is in charge for maintaining and reviewing the data, besides collecting metadata about music, MusicBrainz also allows looking up recordings by their acoustic fingerprint. A separate application, such as MusicBrainz Picard, must be used for this, in 2000, MusicBrainz started using Relatables patented TRM for acoustic fingerprint matching. This feature attracted many users and allowed the database to grow quickly, however, by 2005 TRM was showing scalability issues as the number of tracks in the database had reached into the millions. This issue was resolved in May 2006 when MusicBrainz partnered with MusicIP, tRMs were phased out and replaced by MusicDNS in November 2008. In October 2009 MusicIP was acquired by AmpliFIND, some time after the acquisition, the MusicDNS service began having intermittent problems. Since the future of the free service was uncertain, a replacement for it was sought. The Chromaprint acoustic fingerprinting algorithm, the basis for AcoustID identification service, was started in February 2010 by a long-time MusicBrainz contributor Lukáš Lalinský, while AcoustID and Chromaprint are not officially MusicBrainz projects, they are closely tied with each other and both are open source. Chromaprint works by analyzing the first two minutes of a track, detecting the strength in each of 12 pitch classes, storing these 8 times per second, additional post-processing is then applied to compress this fingerprint while retaining patterns. The AcoustID search server then searches from the database of fingerprints by similarity, since 2003, MusicBrainzs core data are in the public domain, and additional content, including moderation data, is placed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-SA-2.0 license. The relational database management system is PostgreSQL, the server software is covered by the GNU General Public License. The MusicBrainz client software library, libmusicbrainz, is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License, in December 2004, the MusicBrainz project was turned over to the MetaBrainz Foundation, a non-profit group, by its creator Robert Kaye
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