Women's football in Spain is governed by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. Currently there are two national competitions, the Liga F and the Copa de la Reina – which also feed into the Supercopa de España Femenina – in the professional club involved structure. Women's football in Spain historically and currently faces systemic misogyny.

The Rubiales affair refers to the fallout, both social and sporting, caused by the conduct of Luis Rubiales, the president of the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF), beginning in August 2023. Having acted inappropriately during the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup final on 20 August 2023, Rubiales' response to the criticism of his conduct was deemed to become worse in the days following the tournament, and to have exacerbated the controversy. After an erratic speech he made on 25 August 2023, the entire Spain women's national football team withdrew from selection and several RFEF staff resigned; Rubiales was soon suspended from all football by FIFA.