1.
World Sailing
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World Sailing is the world governing body for the sport of sailing recognized by the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee. As a result, an International Conference of Yacht Measurement was held in London in January and June 1906, at which the Metre Rule was developed. This group went on to adopt a formal Constitution after a meeting at the Yacht Club de France in Paris on 14 October 1907 which is seen as the date of the International Yacht Racing Union. On 5 August 1996, the IYRU changed its name to the International Sailing Federation, on 14 November 2015, ISAF changed its name to World Sailing. Competitive sailing regatta contain events which are defined by a combination of discipline, equipment, gender and these criteria are defined by the race purpose. The following are the disciplines, Fleet Racing – The commonest form of competitive sailing involving boats racing around a course. Match Racing – Two identical boats race against each other and this is one-on-one duel requires strategy and tactics. The first to cross the line wins. Team Racing – Two teams each of three boats compete against each other. Fast paced racing depends on excellent boat handling skills and rapid tactical decision making, offshore/Oceanic – Any offshore race over 800 miles, including races around the world. Speed Sailing - Is managed by World Speed Sailing Record Council Wave riding is common to board sports Both windsurfing and kiteboarding are experimenting with new formats, cruising – Can be a coastal day sail or a longer distance international journeys, it is the most commonly enjoyed sailing discipline. Common categories of equipment include the following dinghies, multihulls, keelboats sailing yacht windsurfers, kiteboarding, within these categories normally specific class or rating system are used. The majority of sailing events are events in which males and females compete together on equal terms either as individuals or part of team. Sailing has had female only World Championships since the 1970s to encourage participation, for the 2016 Olympics, compulsory mixed gender in the event will be added for the first time. Para sailing regattas for para sailors likewise follow the World Sailing rulebook with a change to permit things like powered adoptations. Strict classification requirements are enforced in the Paralympic Games for fair competition in Paralympic-class keelboats, the key documents under control of World Sailing are, Racing Rules of Sailing – The RRS Rulebook is updated on every Olympic year. The federation recognizes over 80 classes which are entitled to hold world championships. Offshore Racing Congress World Sailing Speed Record Council International Radio Sailing Association World Sailing is responsible for administration of the Olympic Sailing Regatta, Sailing has been a mainstay of the modern summer Olympic games since 1896, omitted only from the 1904 summer games in St. Louis
2.
World Match Racing Tour
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The World Match Racing Tour is an annual match racing tour and World Championship in the match racing event of sailing. The World Match Racing Tour has special event-status from the International Sailing Federation, the Tour awards over US$1.5 million in prize money, with points awarded at each event culminating in the crowning of the ISAF Match Racing World Champion. A US$500,000 overall prize pool for the Championship is now on offer, Tour events utilise the match race with racing taking place in identical supplied racing yachts which change for each event and which place a firm focus on teamwork and skill to win the race. Racing takes place close to the shore in order for the public to follow the races as if they were in virtual on-the-water stadiums. Media and television highlights coverage spans the globe, reaching millions of households in over 183 countries around the world, the World Match Racing Tour in its current format started in year 2001. However, many of its regattas started earlier, e. g. the King Edward VII Gold Cup in 1937 with American Briggs Cunningham as the first winner. During the mid-1990s, match racing receives greater interest and Fabergé, the series offered USD250,000 of prize money, the highest prize awarded in sailing regattas. To win the big prize – and the Fabergé egg, the competitor had to win three out of five regattas in Bermuda, San Francisco, New York, Lymington and Séte – the Brut Cup. In 1997, Russell Coutts and his Team Magic wins the Fabergé Egg, Brut left as a sponsor after that leaving the match racing series in a state of limbo. Swedish Match takes over as sponsors of the racing series in 1998. In 2000, the Swedish Match Tour gets the official match racing sailing series sanctioned by the International Sailing Federation, bertrand Pacé is the winner of the tour. In 2005, the first Asian event in the racing circuit – Monsoon Cup – is added. In 2006, Swedish Match Tour becomes the World Match Racing Tour, korea Match Cup joined the World Match Racing Tour in 2008. Great Britains Royal Jeweler’s, Garrard & Co created the World Match Racing Tour trophy in 2011, in 2012, ALPARI UK Ltd becomes title sponsor of the tour – renaming it as the Alpari World Match Racing Tour. This year Ian Williams bags his fourth tour-winning and world championship matching match-racing legend Peter Gilmour who announced retirement that year, the World Match Racing Tour has been sponsored since 2000. The title sponsorship enables the tours sponsorship name, there have been two sponsors since the tours formation
3.
Briggs Cunningham
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Briggs Swift Cunningham II was an American entrepreneur and sportsman, who raced automobiles and yachts. Born into a family, he became a racing car constructor, driver. He skippered the first victorious 12-metre yacht Columbia in the 1958 Americas Cup race and he was featured on the April 26,1954 cover of Time magazine, with three of his Cunningham racing cars. The caption reads, Road Racer Briggs Cunningham, Horsepower, Endurance and he became an early member of the Road Racing Drivers Club, an invitation-only club formed to honor notable road racing drivers. He was inducted into the Americas Cup Hall of Fame in 1993, the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 1997, Cunningham died in Las Vegas, of complications from Alzheimers disease, at the age of 96. In 1931 Cunningham was a member on the Dorade when it won the Fastnet race. He also invented the cunningham downhaul to increase the speed of racing sailboats and he continued in competition for 36 years. By 1940 he was building cars for others to race. His first race as a driver was with his Bu-Merc, a modified Buick chassis with Buick engine and Mercedes-Benz SSK body, some of his other hybrids involved Cadillacs, Chryslers, and Fords. Cunningham was one of the first to purchase a Ferrari Tipo 166 Corsa Spyder, in 1950 Briggs Cunningham entered two Cadillac cars for Le Mans, one a stock-appearing Sixty Special, the other a special-bodied sports car dubbed Le Monstre. They finished 10th and 11th overall, on December 31,1950 Cunningham participated in the 6-hour Sam Collier Memorial Race, the first automobile race held on the Sebring Airport race track, which was won by a Crosley HotShot. Cunningham finished 3rd in class and 17th overall in his Aston Martin DB2 Vantage LML/50/21,1955 was last year for the Cunningham marque of cars. The Internal Revenue Service rules of the time allowed such prototype low volume manufacturers 5 years to reach profitability before classifying the business as a non-deductible hobby. By 1956 Team Cunningham, which also fielded other marques, was described as a dominant force in SCCA sports car racing — a distinction the team retained for the next decade. The team traveled in a caravan with tractor trailer vans that contained the automobiles, mechanics and equipment and this contrasted with the typical arrival into the pits of a single race car on a trailer, and was described as impressive by driver Lake Underwood. The teams chief mechanic was Alfred Momo. Cunningham concentrated on automobiles, high-performance prototypes that he. A few, adapted for use, were personal vehicles. In 1952, Cunningham introduced the Continental C3 road car, production began in his West Palm Beach plant where his team of mechanics installed 331-cubic-inch Chrysler hemi V-8s in Cunningham C-2R racing chassis
4.
Swedish Match
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Swedish Match is a Swedish company based in Stockholm that makes snus, moist snuff, and chewing tobacco. These products are known as moist smokeless tobacco, the company also makes machine-made cigars, matches, lighters as well as razors, batteries, light bulbs and tooth picks. Swedish Match operates in nine countries, with 4,488 employees, the products are sold in more than 100 countries worldwide. The Swedish Match share has been listed on Nasdaq Stockholm, large cap segment, since 1996 and it is a constituent of the OMX Stockholm 30 and OMX GES Sustainability Sweden indices. In 2015, approximately 60 percent of the trades by number of shares were done at Nasdaq Stockholm,25 percent at Chi-X,11 percent at Turquoise, the group had total sales of 14,486 MSEK and an operating profit from product areas of 3,690 MSEK. Snus and moist snuff accounted for 35 percent of sales and 54 percent of Swedish Match’s operating profit, in 1992, the tobacco and lights operations were joined in the Procordia Group. Two years later, they were merged into an independent company named Swedish Match, Svenska Tändsticks AB In 1917, Ivar Kreuger founded Svenska Tändsticks Aktiebolaget in Jönköping. It was a merger between Aktiebolaget Förenade Tändsticksfabriker and Jönköpings & Vulcans Tändsticksfabriksaktiebolag, a year later, STAB was listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange. In 1930, the company controlled 60 percent of the world’s match production and was the owner of match companies in 33 countries. Following the death of Ivar Kreuger in 1932, the structure in STAB changed. During 1938, STAB’s share of the world’s matchmaking fell to 20 percent, when the match market declined sharply in the 1950s, STAB looked for new business ventures and acquired more than 50 companies between 1968 and 1976. In 1980, Svenska Tändsticks AB changed its name to Swedish Match to create unity throughout the group, in 1988 the company was acquired by Stora AB and was sold two years later to Nederlight. After another two years, Procordia acquired Swedish Match, AB Svenska Tobaksmonopolet In 1915, the Swedish government founded AB Svenska Tobaksmonopolet and nationalized all Swedish tobacco production plants. The monopoly was introduced in order to give the government funds to finance the military defense. During the 1960s, the monopoly on production, import and sale of tobacco was abolished in Sweden, Svenska Tobaksmonopolet was converted to a new state-owned company named Svenska Tobaks AB. In 1971, the ownership of the group was transferred to Statsföretag, the Swedish National Wealth Fund. In 1989, Procodia was listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchange, volvo acquired part of Procordia in 1990 and became the principal owner together with the Swedish government. To complement the business, Procordia, in 1992, acquired the match
5.
Monsoon Cup
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The Monsoon Cup is a yacht race in Malaysia, held in the state of Terengganu. The Monsoon Cup is an event on the Alpari World Match Racing Tour calendar. It is also considered as the most formidable leg of the Tour. The match racing sport differs from other sailing disciplines in that the boats race one-on-one in supplied racing yachts, the yachts supplied for the Monsoon Cup are Foundation 36 type racing yachts. The Cup was first initiated by the former Malaysian Prime Minister, the Prime Minister thought the monsoon season should be used as an advantage to the state rather than being seen as a hurdle. The Monsoon Cup in 2011 was held at Pulau Duyong, Terengganu, in the year 2012, Monsoon Cup was the eighth and final event on the World Match Racing Tour 2012. Twelve of the best match racing teams met on the waters off Terengganu in Malaysia from 3 to 8 December 2012 to contest the event. The battle for the championship saw the top sailing teams in the world pitting their skills against each other in the last leg of the tour. The 2013 Monsoon Cup event will be held in the half of November. The main match racing event will occur on the 25th till the 30th of November, prior to the main event, the Malaysian Match Racing Championship which serves as a local qualifiers for a spot in the Monsoon Cup will be held from the 15th to 18 November. This sailing event has also ignited interest in racing and yachting in Asia and has also helped increase awareness of the prestigious Americas Cup. A majority of the participants in the Monsoon Cup are sailors that have or will be competing in the Americas Cup and has also participated by three times Olympic gold medalist. The success of the Monsoon Cup has also helped create the Korea Match Cup and spurred Singapore and Qingdao in China to be venues for the Volvo Ocean Race and Olympics respectively. The Malaysian Match Racing Championship, otherwise known as Liga Layar Malaysia, is an event where Malaysian based teams compete for the position in the Monsoon Cup. The event is an initiative to modernize the local sailing circuit with the aim of providing a platform for local sailors to learn, compete and eventually create world beaters for competitions. The match race is held on a round format in every state. A spin off from the Monsoon Cup is a sailing program called Belia Belayar. The program is aimed at providing an opportunity for youths above the age of 10, from schools in the Kuala Terengganu area, the participants would be mentored by competent F36 coaches
6.
Garrard & Co
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Limited formerly Asprey & Garrard Limited designs and manufactures luxury jewellery and silver. George Wickes founded Garrard in London in 1735, Garrard is headquartered at Albemarle Street in Mayfair, London. Garrard also has a presence in Harrods, London, Geneva, Lebanon, Qatar, Dubai, Moscow, Garrard was the Crown Jeweller of the UK, charged with the upkeep of the British Crown Jewels, from 1843 to 2007. The ICC Cricket World Cup Trophy was designed and produced in 1999 in London by a team of craftsmen from Garrard & Co, the company that was to become Garrard was founded by George Wickes, who entered his mark in Goldsmiths Hall in 1722. Wickes was an accomplished silversmith known for his work in the rococo style, two apprentices of Wickes, John Parker and Edward Wakelin, purchased the company following Wickes retirement in 1760, replaced by John Wakelin and William Taylor in 1776. Following the death of William Taylor, Robert Garrard became a partner in the company in 1792, the company remained in the hands of the Garrard family until the death of Sebastian Henry Garrard, great-grandson of Robert Garrard senior, in 1946. The name Garrard & Company Ltd was registered in 1909, in 1852, Garrard were given the responsibility of re-cutting the famous Koh-i-Noor diamond into a brilliant. In 1848 Garrard produced what is now referred to as The Americas Cup, in 1915, Garrard & Company were asked to manufacture precision range finders for the British Artillery as they had both the craftsmen and machinery needed. In 1915, the Garrard Engineering and Manufacturing Company was created, Garrard merged with the jewellery firm Asprey in 1998 to become Asprey & Garrard, moving from 112 Regent Street to premises on New Bond Street. The company demerged in 2002, with Garrard returning to the Albemarle Street site it first occupied in 1911, Garrard was acquired by the US private equity firm Yucaipa Companies in 2006, ending its partnership with Asprey. Jade Jagger was the director for the company from 2001 until being replaced by Stephen Webster in 2006. The current crown and G logo is based on Robert Garrards 1822 hallmark, in late 2002 Garrard embarked on an advertising campaign featuring pastiche by appointment warrants to show celebrity endorsements, e. g. Garrard- by appointment to Missy Elliott. This was not well received by the Royal Warrant Holders Association, more recently, Garrard has been noted as being the maker of the sapphire engagement ring given by Charles, Prince of Wales, to Diana, Princess of Wales for their 1981 marriage. After Death of Diana, Princess of Wales, the passed to her sons. Garrard created the Premier League trophy, and produced the original prop of the Heart Of The Ocean for the 1997 film Titanic and this ended 166 years of Garrards tenure as the inaugural British Royal Jeweller. G. Collins and Sons were appointed the new Crown Jewellers by the Queen, although Garrard still holds a royal warrant from her son, culme, J. and Summers, W. Garrard, The Crown Jewellers for 150 Years. Crown Jeweller Forbes,21 March 2006, retrieved 21 November 2006
7.
Alpari Group
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Alpari Group is a binary options, foreign exchange, precious metals, and CFD broker that has a record of insolvency and regulatory difficulties. The companys UK entity entered insolvency on January 19,2015, in April 2015, the companys US NFA membership was revoked, preventing them from offering their services in the United States. The company is licensed to trade in Belarus Belize Mauritius Russia The companys charter is registered in Saint Vincent, Alpari Research & Analysis Limited, which gives a London address, provides only research and analysis and is not licensed to trade. Andrey Valerievich Dashin claims ownership of both Alpari and another foreign exchange broker FXTM also known as ForexTime, the company was established in Kazan, Russia, in 1998 by Daniel Skowronski, who became the first CEO, and Andrey Vedikhin, Andrey Dashin and Gleb Petrov. It was regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority in September 2006, the company opened and closed several branches in other countries. Cyprus office opened in 2010 and the CySEC license was acquired that year and that office closed in February 2013. Alpari entered Indian market in 2008 and left India in March 2014, for UK residents, the company also offered financial spread betting on Forex and indices. On January 16,2015, Alpari has entered insolvency following heavy losses the day when the Swiss National Bank removed the francs ceiling against the euro. On January 19, Alpari Ltd. applied for formal insolvency, alpari-Broker Ltd. was established as legal entity in September 2008 in Kazan, Russia. Sergey Vyazmin, the director of development at Alpari, is also on the board of directors of this SRO. Since March 2017, Alpari is a member of AFD — the only SRO accredited by the Russian central bank, according to Finmarket information agency, in 2014, Alpari became a top Russian Forex dealer, based on the number of clients and average monthly turnaround. The company has 120 thousand active clients or a 28. 35% market share, the second-largest company is Forex Club, with its 71.83 thousand clients, Alpari US Llc was established in 2006. It had its NFA membership approved in November 2007 and removed in April 2015
8.
Team New Zealand
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Team New Zealand is a sailing team based in Auckland, New Zealand representing the Royal New Zealand Yacht Squadron. Team New Zealand has become a name in their home country following their consecutive wins in the Americas Cup in 1995 and 2000. In doing this, they became the first team from a country outside the United States to win, three challenges were launched before the founding of Team New Zealand, all of these backed by Michael Fay. New Zealand Challenge competed in the 1987 Louis Vuitton Cup, the 1988 Americas Cup and their boats were fast, they had an experienced crew led by skipper Russell Coutts, and they were ably led by Sir Peter Blake. As NZL32 approached the line on the last race. TNZ beat Italys Prada Challenge 5–0 in the 2000 match held on Aucklands Hauraki Gulf, on crossing the finish line in the final race, commentator Peter Montgomery exclaimed The Americas Cup is still New Zealands cup. – echoing his comment in 1995 Americas Cup, in 2003, Team New Zealands eight-year reign ended after they were defeated 5–0 by Swiss-based challenger Alinghi. TNZ dubbed their campaign the Loyal campaign, featuring a Silver fern flag with the word Loyal, in 2007, the re-branded Emirates Team New Zealand won the Louis Vuitton Cup and advanced to the 32nd Americas Cup against defenders Alinghi. Team New Zealand lost the series 2–5 to Alinghi, the last by a single second, in late 2003, TNZ announced their intention to challenge Alinghi at the 2007 Valencia Americas Cup, with Emirates on board as title sponsor, and Grant Dalton as Team Boss. Dean Barker skippered a more international team than ever before, TNZ were among the big four syndicates leading up to the 2007 Cup. The big four consisted of TNZ, Alinghi, BMW Oracle Racing and they then won their next 7 races, before losing the final two in round robin 1 to Luna Rossa and BMW Oracle Racing which put them in third place at the end of the first round robin. In Round Robin 2, Team New Zealand were undefeated throughout and they won their semi-final series 5–2 against Desafío Español 2007 and qualified for the Louis Vuitton finals against Luna Rossa. In the finals, they defeated Luna Rossa with a victory of 5–0, winning the Louis Vuitton Cup. On 3 July 2007, Emirates Team New Zealand lost their final race to Alinghi bringing Alinghis race wins to 5, Team New Zealand hosted the Louis Vuitton Pacific Series in January and February 2009 on the Waitemata Harbour in the Hauraki Gulf, Auckland. Team New Zealand defeated Alinghi by a margin of 3 races to 1 in the final, the final races were reduced to the best of five due to difficult weather conditions resulting in the loss of one days racing. In March 2010, the Louis Vuitton Trophy regatta returned to Auckland after the first regatta of the series in Nice in November 2009 won by Italys Azzurra team. On Sunday 21 March 2010, Emirates Team New Zealand won the final of the Louis Vuitton Trophy Auckland regatta with a 56 sec win over Mascalzone Latino. On 13 April 2010, along with Camper, the Spanish-based international footwear manufacturer, the campaign was run by Emirates Team New Zealand and skippered by Olympic and round-the-world yachtsman Chris Nicholson
9.
Oracle Team USA
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Oracle Team USA is an American yacht racing syndicate initially formed to compete for the 2003 America’s Cup. They competed again in the 2007 event before winning the 33rd Americas Cup regatta in 2010 – representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club, the team also won the 34th Americas Cup in 2013. Subsequently, the syndicate was renamed to Oracle Team USA to compete for the 2013 34th Americas Cup, the team was created by purchasing the assets of Paul Cayard’s AmericaOne syndicate which was the losing finalist against Luna Rossa in the 2000 Louis Vuitton Cup. The syndicate got off to a start with changes in the skipper position. Oracle reached the finals of the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup, losing to Alinghi 5–1, BMW Oracle Racing through the GGYC was the Challenger-of-Record for the 2007 America’s Cup which was held in Valencia, Spain. BMW Oracle Racing, lost to Luna Rossa Challenge 5 to 1 in the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup Semi Finals, Larry Ellison hired Russell Coutts to be the CEO of the 33rd Americas Cup campaign. After extensive court action, Golden Gate Yacht Club was declared Challenger of Record and sailed against SNGs team, Alinghi, in February 2010 in Valencia, the competing boats, Alinghi 5 and USA17 were both 90-foot multihulls. BMW Oracle Racing won the Americas Cup on February 14,2010, off Valencia, Spain, beating Alinghi 2–0 in the best-of-three series, the rigid wing sail of USA17 provided a decisive advantage and Golden Gate Yacht Club won the 2010 Americas Cup by a considerable margin. Oracle Team USA competed in the 2011–13 Americas Cup World Series, in August 2013, the competition jury received a report from Oracle Team USA that their boat and others they had loaned had unauthorized modifications. The team withdrew from the competition on 8 August 2013, penalties imposed included expelling three team members, a $250,000 fine, and a one-point penalty for each of the first two races of the Match in which they would otherwise score a point. Oracle Team USAs Larry Ellison declared that the 34th Americas Cup would be sailed on AC72 class wing-sail catamarans, Oracle Team USA experienced the first major accident involving the new AC72 class, when the boat capsized during training off San Francisco on October 16,2012. Oracle Team USA successfully defended the trophy and won the 2013 Americas Cup on September 25,2013 and they accomplished this achievement by coming back from 7 points down and one point away from defeat in the series, and completing the largest in-series comeback in Americas Cup history. The Wall Street Journal later called it one of the greatest comebacks in sports history, Oracle Team USA was runner up in 2015–16 Americas Cup World Series. Oracle Team USA is the defender of the 35th Americas Cup, the event is scheduled to take place in the Great Sound of Bermuda in 2017, with selection round robins scheduled to start on May 26 and the finals against expected to begin on June 17. The new AC50 class rule will govern the races, Oracle Team USA launched their yacht in February 2017, as of the 2013 Americas Cup, the BMW Oracle/Oracle USA team has owned seven boats. BMW Oracle Racing operated four IACC boats—USA71 and USA76 were built for the 2003 America’s Cup, while USA87, for the 2010 Americas Cup, BMW Oracle Racings entry for the Deed of Gift match was trimaran USA17. Oracle Team USA built two AC72 catamarans for the 2013 Americas Cup—17 and Oracle Team USA17, USA87, On March 26,2006, BMW Oracle Racing christened USA87. The hull is two feet shorter than the older boat USA76 and features a bow sprit, while this boat was initially believed to have a tandem keel, it is now accepted that the boat uses a conventional single strut keel
10.
Ben Ainslie
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Sir Charles Benedict Ben Ainslie, CBE is an English competitive sailor. The most successful sailor in Olympic history, Ainslie won medals at five consecutive Olympics from 1996 onwards, Ainslie was born in Macclesfield, England to Roderick and Sue Ainslie. Roderick captained a boat took part in the first Whitbread Round The World Race in 1973. Bens elder sister, Fleur, is married to Jerome Pels, Ainslie learned to sail at Restronguet Creek near Falmouth, Cornwall. He started sailing at the age of eight and first competed at the age of ten and his first international competition was aged twelve at the 1989 Optimist world championships held in Japan where he placed 73rd. Ainslie won silver at the 1996 Olympic Games and gold in the 2000 Summer Olympics in the Laser class. He gained some 18 kilograms and moved to the larger Finn class for the 2004 Summer Olympics, where he won gold, both his gold medal winning Laser and Finn dinghies are currently displayed at the National Maritime Museum Cornwall. On 19 May 2012, Ainslie became the first person to carry the Olympic torch in the UK, starting the 70-day tour of the United Kingdom at Lands End, he was the first of 8,000 torch carriers. His gold medal at the 2012 Olympics was presented by two Royal former Olympians, Princess Anne and King Constantine of Greece and he was selected on 11 August 2012 to carry the flag for the Great Britain team at the London 2012 Olympics closing ceremony. 1st 1993 Laser Radial World Championships 1st 1995 IYRU Youth Sailing World Championships in Hamilton, Ainslie felt the photographers boats wake had prevented him from passing a competitor. Team Origin – Royal Thames Yacht Club Ainslie figureheaded a British challenge for the Cup alongside Sir Keith Mills the team was named Team Origin, however this challenge withdrew without competing following a period of discussion regarding the future format of the event. On 12 September, the day, he replaced Kostecki going into race six of the 2013 Americas Cup. His Oracle Team USA beat Team New Zealand in the Americas Cup decider in San Francisco on 25 September. Ben Ainslie Racing – Royal Yacht Squadron Racing Ltd In January 2012, Ben Ainslie announced the formation of a team to compete in the Americas Cup, called Ben Ainslie Racing. His team competed in the AC45 class of the 2011–13 Americas Cup World Series,2014 Extreme Sailing Series, the team won the 2015–16 Americas Cup World Series and is preparing for the 2017 Americas Cup. In December 2010, Ainslie finished in first place in the World Match Racing Tour, in January 2014, it was announced that Ainslie would compete in the 2014 Extreme Sailing Series as part of his preparation for the Americas Cup. The eight-race event will see him compete in a 40 feet multi-hull boat, Ainslie lives in Lymington, and belongs to the Royal Lymington Yacht Club. He is coached by David Howlett, who raced a Finn dinghy at the 1976 Summer Olympics, on 20 December 2014, Ainslie married former Sky Sports News presenter Georgie Thompson
11.
Team Origin
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Team Origin was Great Britains bid to compete in the 33rd and 34th Americas Cups. It was launched in January 2007 but stopped running the team in 2010. The syndicate was founded by Sir Keith Mills, also known for being the deputy chairman for the committee of the London 2012 Olympic bid. Grant Simmer is the CEO and the team competed under the burgee of the Royal Thames Yacht Club, Britains involvement in the Americas Cup dates back to the very start when the Aurora was second in the original race won by America in 1851. Britain has unsuccessfully challenged many times since, Ben Ainslie went on to form Ben Ainslie Racing in 2012 to compete in the 2017 Americas Cup. In May of the year, Team Origin announced it was becoming a partner of the RYA Onboard scheme. Mike Sanderson commented at the time that he hoped to raise awareness, Team Origin competed in the Louis Vuitton Pacific Series in 2009 and are a participant of the Louis Vuitton Trophy. In 2010 Team Origin appointed Grant Simmer as the teams new CEO who replaced Mike Sanderson, in August 2010, the Royal Thames Yacht Club and Team Origin hosted BMW Oracle in Cowes to compete in The 1851 Cup. There were 2 trophies to be won, the Royal Thames Cup for a race clockwise around the Isle of Wight which was a re-enactment of the race in 1851 which initiated the Americas Cup which BMW Oracle won. The trophy for the overall 1851 event was The Trafalgar Cup for the racing series which was won by Team Origin. Mike Sanderson was asked to step down as director in May 2010. In October, it was announced that Mills had scrapped plans to campaign for the 2013 Americas Cup, the decision was based on the rule changes for the Americas Cup to the boat specifications that meant the team had no chance of winning. In January 2012, Ben Ainslie announced the foundation of a new team to complete in the 2017 Americas Cup, Team Origin Events is still involved in running the Americas Cup World Series. Management, Boat Crew, In May 2007 TEAMORIGIN announced that they had purchased SUI-75 and it was rebranded GBR-75 during the 32nd Americas Cup in Valencia, and sailed in TEAMORIGIN livery for the first time on Saturday 14 July 2007, off Port America, Valencia, Spain. Official Website of TEAMORIGIN Images of TEAMORIGIN The Afterguard Independent Americas Cup blog with specific interest in TEAMORIGIN
12.
Stena Match Cup Sweden
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Match Cup Sweden is a sailing event on the World Match Racing Tour held in Marstrand, Sweden in the beginning of July every year. Organizers of Match Cup Sweden are The Royal Gothenburg Yacht Club, the tournament consists of an open class and a women’s class, both of which compete in match race sailing. It is one of the events on the World Match Racing Tour. The event has attracted well over 100.000 spectators on an annual basis, the first edition of Match Cup Sweden was held in 1994, then as Swedish Match Cup. The initiator of the event was Swedish sailing legend Magnus Holmberg, between 1994 and 2002 the tournament used the DS37 Matchracer boat, until the introduction of the Swedish Match 40 in 2003. The new boat was designed by another sailing legend, Pelle Petterson, specifically for the Swedish Match Tour, due to a change of the Swedish legislation prior to the 2006 event, Swedish Match, being a tobacco company, were prohibited of sponsoring the event. Losing its title sponsor, the 2006 event had to be cancelled, the organizers then decided to go back to the original DS37 Matchracer boats. For the 15th edition of Match Cup Sweden in 2009, the set up a Hall of Fame for to celebrate the already rich history of the event. Two inductees were elected for the opening of the Hall of Fame, Magnus Holmberg, Magnus Holmberg, Sweden, was inducted for his vital role in the founding and upbringing of the event, arguably being the most important individual of its history. Along with stellar performances on the water, his place in the Hall of Fame was meant to be, Peter Gilmour, Australia is, among many big names victorious in Marstrand, the biggest of them all. He celebrated his induction by winning his seventh Match Cup Sweden, a pioneer in matchracing, Gilmour is now both a household name in Marstrand as well as the current acting president of the World Match Racing Tour. One of the most popular locations among the sailors, Marstrand offers a combination of world class sailing. The narrow waters on the South side of Marstrand brings the audience within meters from the boats, the picturesque environments that Marstrand and its surroundings offer has single-handedly attracted a great number of both world-class sailors and spectators to the event throughout the years. Stena Match Cup Sweden website Royal Gothenburg Yacht Club website Brandspot website World Match Racing Tour website
13.
Sailing at the Summer Olympics
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Sailing has been one of the Olympic sports since the Games of the I Olympiad, held in Athens, Greece, in 1896. Despite being scheduled in the first Olympic program, the races were canceled due to weather conditions. Apart from the 1904 Summer Olympics, sailing has been present in every edition of the Olympic Games, initially, the classes were specified in tons, then later in meters, feet or generic names. For the discontinued classes, the Vintage Yachting Games were introduced in 2008, until 1988, sailing was a gender-independent sport. Even in 1900, several women participated at the Olympic sailing regattas, in 1988, the first exclusive womens sailing event was introduced. Most of the Olympic sailing competitions were done in what is called a race format. At some Olympics, however, was also the race format. Great Britain leads the Olympic sailing medal ranking table,1896, A regatta of sailing boats was on the program for 31 March 1896 in Athens. However this event had to be given up since there were no boats available from Greece,1900, Two venues were used to host the 1900 Sailing events. One in Meulan 20 May 1900 till 27 May 1900 for the races on the river Seine. And one in Le Havre 1 August 1900 till 5 August 1900 for the Offshore races on the English Channel, in Meulan six classes were used over several days. About 55 boats and a less than 150 sailors are documented, included the first female gold medalist Hélène de Pourtalès. In Le Havre two classes were used for the offshore event, about 10 boats made the competition. Crewmembers were not documented, just the owners and/or helmsmen,1904, Sailing was not a part of the Olympic program. 1908, At the 1907 The Hague Conference of the IOC Ryde at the Isle of Wight was appointed to host the sailing regattas, for all classes, of the games of the IVth Olympiad. However, when there were only two British entries for the 12 Metre matches, and both yachts were located at the Firth of Clyde, the decision was made to use Hunters Quay as a second venue. In 1906 international meetings were organized to solve the problem of the differences in the performance of the different yachts, finally in Paris, October 1907 the first International Rule was ratified. During the meeting in 1907 the IOC made the decision to use the International Rule classes for the Olympic regattas,1912, When Sweden was assigned to host the 1912 Olympic Games two cities wanted to be the venue for the sailing program
14.
Sailing at the Summer Paralympics
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Sailing has been an official part of the Summer Paralympic Games between 2000 to 2016, after being a demonstration sport in 1996. The International Association for Disabled Sailing is responsible for coordinating the event with the International Paralympic Committee and this table is based upon the names of the sailors who are documented in the Official Olympic Reports although 1996 is not included in the overall totals at it was a demonstration event. The table is currently being built
15.
America's Cup
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The Americas Cup, affectionately known as the Auld Mug, is a trophy awarded to the winner of the Americas Cup match races between two sailing yachts. The timing of each match is determined by an agreement between the defender and the challenger, the Americas Cup is the oldest international sporting trophy. The ewer was originally awarded in 1851 by the Royal Yacht Squadron for a race around the Isle of Wight in England, any yacht club that meets the requirements specified in the deed of gift has the right to challenge the yacht club that holds the cup. If the challenging club wins the match, it gains stewardship of the cup, the history and prestige associated with the Americas Cup attracts not only the worlds top sailors and yacht designers but also the involvement of wealthy entrepreneurs and sponsors. It is a test not only of sailing skill and boat and sail design, from the first defense of the cup in 1870 through the twentieth defense in 1967, there was always only one challenger. Since 1983, Louis Vuitton has sponsored the Louis Vuitton Cup as a prize for the winner of the challenger selection series, early matches for the cup were raced between yachts 65–90 ft on the waterline owned by wealthy sportsmen. This culminated with the J-Class regattas of the 1930s, after a long legal battle, the 2010 Americas Cup was raced in 90 ft lwl multihull yachts in a best of three deed of gift match in Valencia, Spain. The victorious Golden Gate Yacht Club then elected to race the 34th Americas Cup in AC72 foiling, Golden Gate Yacht Club successfully defended the cup. The 35th Americas Cup match was announced to be sailed in 50 ft foiling catamarans, the history of the Americas Cup has included legal battles and disputes over rule changes including most recently over the rule changes for the 2017 Americas Cup. It was originally known as the R. Y. S, £100 Cup, standing for a cup of a hundred GB Pounds or sovereigns in value. The cup was subsequently mistakenly engraved as the 100 Guinea Cup by the America syndicate, today, the trophy is officially known as the Americas Cup after the 1851 winning yacht, and is affectionately called the Auld Mug by the sailing community. It is inscribed with names of the yachts that competed for it, the syndicate contracted with pilot boat designer George Steers for a 101 ft schooner, which was christened America and launched on 3 May 1851. On 22 August 1851, America raced against 15 yachts of the Royal Yacht Squadron in the Clubs annual 53-nautical-mile regatta around the Isle of Wight, America won, finishing 8 minutes ahead of the closest rival. Apocryphally, Queen Victoria, who was watching at the line, was reported to have asked who was second. No challenge to race for the Cup was issued until British railway tycoon James Lloyd Ashburys topsail schooner Cambria beat the Yankee schooner Sappho in the Solent in 1868. This success encouraged the Royal Thames Yacht Club in believing that the cup could be back home. Ashbury entered Cambria in the NYYC Queens Cup race in New York City on 8 August against a fleet of seventeen schooners, the Cambria only placed eighth, behind the aging America in fourth place and Franklin Osgoods Magic in the fleets lead. Trying again, Ashbury offered a match race challenge for October 1871
16.
Star Sailors League
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The Star Sailors League was formed in January 2013 by Xavier Rohart and other Star sailors to protect the interests of professional sailors. The SSLs executive offices are in Lausanne, Switzerland, on September 9th the Star Sailors League will held a Press Conference at the Olympic Museum to present its vision to the medias. At this occasion, an exhibition dedicated to sailing will be unveiled by the IOC President. The SSL Ranking is divided two separate lists and is computed using a mathematical rule which takes into account each competitors six highest valid results over a period of two years. In 2012 the SSL has ranked 162 races, at the end of each event, all participants are awarded a number of SSL points based on their final classification. The number of points allocated to each individual ranking is determined by the “Table of SSL Points”, the Table shows the distribution in accordance with the mathematical model inspired by the ATP World Tour. The SSL Ranking of Skippers constitutes the benchmark classification for selecting skippers to participate in the SSL Finals, at the end of a competition, the allocated SSL points can be recorded in the ranking at 100% for 52 weeks. From the 105th week which follows the end of a competition, so, the SSL Ranking is not reset at the beginning of each year but is a continuous computer-based process of entering, downgrading and dropping events. The SSL Ranking is valid 7 days and is updated each week, the organization operating as SSL and the Star Class and its 2000 worldwide members are completely separate and independent. The two organizations and members have separate mission statements but share a connection to the 100 plus year old premier one design racing keelboat, the Star Class expects the relationship with the SSL to help continue the tradition of the Star being the premier one design racing keelboat. It will give more visibility to attract famous sailors and insure that the Star Class will remain the premier keelboat class. Like the Olympics, the SSL will help attract the top sailors of the world to the Star primarily though the SSL Grand Slams and SSL Finals that will include Prize money. It will impact the Star Class in a way by providing business for our suppliers. The worldwide media coverage provided by the SSL, will promote the class with an opportunity to attract new members at all levels. Some of the future Star Class events will be promoted by the SSL just as they have done for the last two Star World Championships
17.
Volvo Ocean Race
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The Volvo Ocean Race is a yacht race around the world, held every three years. Presently, the Netherlands holds the record of three wins, with Dutchman Conny van Rietschoten the only skipper to win the race twice, the 2008–09 race started in Alicante, Spain, on October 11,2008. The route for the 2008–2009 race was altered from previous years to include stopovers in India and Asia for the first time, the 2008–09 route covered nearly 39,000 nmi, took over nine months to complete, and reached a cumulative TV audience of 2 billion people worldwide. Each of the entries has a team of 9 professional crew who race day. The crew members are required to be more than sailors, some of them will be trained in response, sail-making, diesel engine repair, electronics. There is also a media crew member who does not contribute to the sailing of the boat. In the 2017-2018 race the number of crew can between 9-11 depending on the gender ratio. No fresh food is taken on board, so the crew lives off freeze-dried fare, they will experience temperature variations from −5 to +40 degrees Celsius and will only take one change of clothes. In 1972 Englands Whitbread company and the British Royal Naval Sailing Association agreed to sponsor a globe-circling regatta,17 yachts and 167 crew started the first race of 27,500 nmi, which began from Portsmouth, United Kingdom on September 8,1973. Approximately 3000 spectator boats set out to witness the historic start, from 2001 the ownership of the race was taken over by Volvo and Volvo Cars and the race was renamed the ‘Volvo Ocean Race’. Stopover ports were added in Germany, France, and Sweden being Volvos three biggest car markets in Europe, winning the race does not attract a cash prize, as the feat of competing is presented as sufficient reward. Many of the crew in the Volvo Ocean Race race crew other professional teams in high profile events, such as Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. The worst weather conditions are encountered in the Southern Ocean where waves sometimes top 100 feet. The 2014–15 race covered 39,379 nautical miles, which is the longest route in its history, the 2008–09 race featured Stealth play, a tactic that allowed a crew to hide its position from its competitors for a period of 12 hours. The ploy can first be used on leg one, leg two, leg five, leg six and leg seven, if it is not used on one leg, it cannot be accumulated for use on a following leg. The Volvo Open 70 has been replaced by the Volvo Ocean 65, a new class of high performance one-design racing yacht created by Farr Yacht Design and built by a consortium of four European boatyards. List of Volvo Ocean Race sailors Danger on the high seas – whales, debris and weather just some of the obstacles in the Volvo Ocean Race - Steve Elling, The National,9 October 2014 Official website
18.
Peter Scott
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Sir Peter Markham Scott, CH, CBE, DSC & Bar, FRS, FZS was a British ornithologist, conservationist, painter, naval officer, broadcaster and sportsman. Scott was knighted in 1973 for his contribution to the conservation of wild animals and he had been a founder of the World Wide Fund for Nature, founded the Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, and was an influence on international conservation. He received the WWF Gold Medal and the J. Paul Getty Prize for his work, Scott was born in London, the only child of Antarctic explorer Robert Falcon Scott and sculptor Kathleen Bruce. He was only two years old when his father died, Robert Scott, in a last letter to his wife, advised her to make the boy interested in natural history if you can, it is better than games. He was named after Sir Clements Markham, mentor of Scotts polar expeditions and he was educated at Oundle School and Trinity College, Cambridge, initially reading Natural Sciences but graduating in the History of Art in 1931. Whilst at Cambridge he shared digs with John Berry and the two shared many views, like his mother, he displayed a strong artistic talent and he became known as a painter of wildlife, particularly birds, he had his first exhibition in London in 1933. His wealthy background allowed him to follow his interests in art, wildlife and many sports, including wildfowling, sailing and he represented Great Britain and Northern Ireland at sailing in the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games, winning a bronze medal in the O-Jolle dinghy class. During the Second World War, Scott served in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve and this was the last evacuation of British troops from the port area of St Valery that was not disrupted by enemy fire. Then he served in destroyers in the North Atlantic but later moved to commanding the First Squadron of Steam Gun Boats against German E-boats in the English Channel and he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross for bravery. Scott is credited with designing the Western Approaches ship camouflage scheme, in July 1940, he managed to get the destroyer HMS Broke in which he was serving experimentally camouflaged, differently on the two sides. To starboard, the ship was painted all over. To port, the ship was painted in pale colours to combine some disruption of shape with the ability to fade out during the night. However, he wrote that compromise was fatal to camouflage. By May 1941, all ships in the Western Approaches were ordered to be painted in Scotts camouflage scheme, the scheme was said to be so effective that several British ships including HMS Broke collided with each other. The effectiveness of Scotts and Thayers ideas was demonstrated experimentally by the Leamington Camouflage Centre in 1941, under a cloudy overcast sky, the tests showed that a white ship could approach six miles closer than a black-painted ship before being seen. For this work he was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire and he stood as a Conservative in the 1945 general election in Wembley North and narrowly failed to be elected. In 1946, he founded the organisation with which he was ever afterwards closely associated, there, through a captive breeding programme, he saved the nene or Hawaiian goose, from extinction in the 1950s. In the years followed, he led ornithological expeditions worldwide
Bertrand Pacé (FRA)
Magnus Holmberg (SWE)
Peter Holmberg (USA)
Jesper Radich (DEN)
Peter Gilmour (AUS)
Ian Williams (GBR)
Adam Minoprio (NZL)
Taylor Canfield (ISV)