1.
Peter Gabriel
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After leaving Genesis in 1975, Gabriel launched a solo career with Solsbury Hill as his first single. His 1986 album, So, is his release and is certified triple platinum in the UK. The albums most successful single, Sledgehammer, won a record nine MTV Awards at the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards, Gabriel has been a champion of world music for much of his career. He co-founded the WOMAD festival in 1982 and he has continued to focus on producing and promoting world music through his Real World Records label. He has also pioneered digital distribution methods for music, co-founding OD2, Gabriel has also been involved in numerous humanitarian efforts. In 1980, he released the anti-apartheid single Biko and he has participated in several human rights benefit concerts, including Amnesty Internationals Human Rights Now. Tour in 1988, and co-founded the Witness human rights organisation in 1992, Gabriel developed The Elders with Richard Branson, which was launched by Nelson Mandela in 2007. He was made a BMI Icon at the 57th annual BMI London Awards for his influence on generations of music makers, AllMusic has described Gabriel as one of rocks most ambitious, innovative musicians, as well as one of its most political. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Genesis in 2010, in March 2015 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of South Australia in recognition of his achievements in music. Peter Brian Gabriel was born in Chobham, Surrey and his father, Ralph Parton Gabriel, was an electrical engineer, and his mother, Edith Irene, who was from a musical family, taught him to play the piano at an early age. His great-great-great-uncle, Sir Thomas Gabriel, 1st Baronet, served as Lord Mayor of London from 1866 to 1877, Gabriel attended Cable House, a private primary school in Woking, St. Andrews Prep School in Horsell, and Charterhouse School in Godalming from 1963. He played drums in his first rock bands, and Mike Rutherford commented in 1985 that Pete was—and still is, Gabriel founded Genesis in 1967 with fellow Charterhouse School pupils Tony Banks, Anthony Phillips, Mike Rutherford, and drummer Chris Stewart. The name of the band was suggested by fellow Charterhouse alumnus, the pop music impresario Jonathan King, Gabriel has said to be influenced by many different sources in his way of singing, such as Family lead singer Roger Chapman. In 1970, he played the flute on Cat Stevenss album, the concerts made extensive use of black light with the normal stage lighting subdued or off. Early Genesis concerts were hampered by a bad public address system made it difficult for audiences to understand what Gabriel was singing. According to Mike Rutherford, this drove Gabriel to find ways to impress his personality on the audience. In an episode of the 2007 British documentary series Seven Ages of Rock and it was the dress-wearing, fox-headed entity immortalised on the cover of Foxtrot. Hackett and the rest of the band had no inkling that Gabriel was going to do this and it was a success, encouraging Gabriel to continue wearing stage clothes while singing
2.
Shepton Mallet
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Shepton Mallet is a town and civil parish in the Mendip district of Somerset in South West England. Situated approximately 18 miles south of Bristol and 5 miles east of Wells and it contains the administrative headquarters of Mendip District Council. The Mendip Hills lie to the north, and the River Sheppey runs through the town, Shepton Mallet lies on the route of the Fosse Way, the principal Roman road into the south west of England, and there is evidence of Roman settlement. The town contains a parish church and a considerable number of listed buildings. Shepton Mallet Prison was Englands oldest prison still in use until its closure in March 2013, Shepton Mallet is the closest town to the site of the Glastonbury Festival, the largest music festival in Europe. Also nearby is the Royal Bath and West of England Society showground which hosts the Royal Bath and West Show, the name Shepton derives from the Old English scoep and tun, meaning sheep farm, the Domesday Book of 1086 records a settlement known as Sceaptun. The current spelling is recorded at least as far back as 1496, the second part of the name derives from that of the Norman Malet family who took a lease from Glastonbury Abbey around 1100. The second L appears to have added in the 16th century. Domed pottery kilns, with pottery still in situ, were identified on the site of the Anglo-Bavarian Brewery in the century, suggesting military activity in the 1st. Several hoards of Roman coins ranging from the 1st to 4th centuries have also found, as well as over 300 fibula brooches, potsherds. In addition, a few isolated burials near the route of the Fosse Way were found during the 19th century, a lead coffin within a rock-cut grave was discovered at a site adjacent to the Fosse Way in 1988. This discovery, and the commercial development of the site by the landowner, Showerings. The grave was found to be part of a cemetery which contained 17 burials lying on a rough east-west alignment. Two other, smaller, cemeteries contained graves aligned north-south, possibly signifying pagan religious practices, One burial was within a substantial stone coffin which had been positioned beneath a mausoleum, the foundations of which remained. A copy of the amulet was presented to the then Archbishop of Canterbury, George Carey, by the churches of the Diocese of Bath, coins minted across the Roman empire were also found. There is an amount of evidence of Saxon settlement in the town, including some Saxon stonework in the parish church of St Peter. According to some legends Indract of Glastonbury was buried in Shepton, the town fell within the Whitstone Hundred, and the hundred courts were held at Cannards Grave, a short distance to the south of the town. The Exeter Domesday Book records that, at the death of Edward the Confessor in 1066, the site was held by one Uluert, and by Roger de Corcella at the time of the survey in 1086
3.
Genesis (band)
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Genesis are an English rock band formed at Charterhouse School, Godalming, Surrey in 1967. The most commercially successful and long-lasting line-up includes keyboardist Tony Banks, bassist/guitarist Mike Rutherford, other important members were the original lead singer Peter Gabriel and guitarist Steve Hackett. The band underwent many changes in style over its career, from folk music to progressive rock in the 1970s. They have sold 21.5 million RIAA-certified albums in the US, after splitting with King, the group began touring professionally, signing with Charisma Records. The group were initially successful in Europe, before entering the UK charts with Foxtrot. They followed this with Selling England by the Pound and The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway before Gabriel decided to leave the group, after an unsuccessful search for a replacement, Collins took over as lead singer, while the group gained popularity in the UK and the US. Following A Trick of the Tail and Wind & Wuthering, Hackett left the band, reducing it to a core of Banks, Rutherford and its title track reached number one in the US. After the follow up, We Cant Dance and related tour, Banks and Rutherford recruited Ray Wilson for Calling All Stations, but a lack of success in the US led to a group hiatus. Banks, Rutherford and Collins reunited for the Turn It On Again Tour in 2007 and their discography includes fifteen studio and six live albums, six of which topped the UK chart. In 2010, Genesis were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Banks and Gabriel arrived at the school in September 1963, Rutherford in September 1964, and Phillips in April 1965. The five recorded six songs, Dont Want You Back, Try a Little Sadness, Shes Beautiful, Thats Me, Listen on Five, and Patricia, a group friend gave the tape to King who was immediately enthusiastic. Under Kings direction, the group, aged between 15 and 17, signed a recording contract with Decca Records. In response Banks and Gabriel wrote The Silent Sun, a pastiche of the Bee Gees, one of Kings favourite bands, King chose The Silent Sun as their first single, with Thats Me on the B-side, released in February 1968. It achieved some airplay on BBC Radio One and Radio Caroline, a second single, A Winters Tale/One-Eyed Hound, followed in May 1968 which also sold little. Three months later, Stewart left the group to continue with his studies and he was replaced by fellow Charterhouse pupil John Silver. King felt the group would achieve success with an album. The result, From Genesis to Revelation, was produced at Regent Sound in ten days during their schools summer break in August 1968, Phillips was particularly upset about Greenslades additions. When Decca found an American band already named Genesis, King refused to change his groups name and he reached a compromise by removing their name from the album cover, resulting in a minimalist design with the album title printed on a plain black background
4.
Reading, Berkshire
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Reading is a large, historically important town in Berkshire, England, of which it is the county town. The 19th century saw the coming of the Great Western Railway, Today Reading is a major commercial centre, with involvement in information technology and insurance, and, despite its proximity to London, has a net inward commuter flow. The first evidence for Reading as a settlement dates from the 8th century, by 1525, Reading was the largest town in Berkshire, and tax returns show that Reading was the 10th largest town in England when measured by taxable wealth. By 1611, it had a population of over 5000 and had grown rich on its trade in cloth, the 18th century saw the beginning of a major iron works in the town and the growth of the brewing trade for which Reading was to become famous. During the 19th century, the town rapidly as a manufacturing centre. It is ranked the UKs top economic area for economic success and wellbeing, according to such as employment, health, income. Reading is also a regional retail centre serving a large area of the Thames Valley. Every year it hosts the Reading Festival, one of Englands biggest music festivals, sporting teams based in Reading include Reading Football Club and the London Irish rugby union team, and over 15,000 runners annually compete in the Reading Half Marathon. In 2015, Reading had an population of 232,662. The town is represented in Parliament by two members, and has been continuously represented there since 1295, for ceremonial purposes the town is in the county of Berkshire and has served as its county town since 1867, previously sharing this status with Abingdon-on-Thames. It is in the Thames Valley at the confluence of the River Thames and River Kennet, and on both the Great Western Main Line railway and the M4 motorway. Reading is 75 miles east of Bristol,25 miles south of Oxford,42 miles west of London,17 miles north of Basingstoke,13 miles south-west of Maidenhead and 20 miles east of Newbury. Reading may date back to the Roman occupation of Britain, possibly as a port for Calleva Atrebatum. However the first clear evidence for Reading as a settlement dates from the 8th century, the name probably comes from the Readingas, an Anglo-Saxon tribe whose name means Readas People in Old English, or less probably the Celtic Rhydd-Inge, meaning Ford over the River. In late 870, an army of Danes invaded the kingdom of Wessex, on 4 January 871, in the first Battle of Reading, King Ethelred and his brother Alfred the Great attempted unsuccessfully to breach the Danes defences. The battle is described in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, and that account provides the earliest known record of the existence of Reading. The Danes remained in Reading until late in 871, when they retreated to their quarters in London. After the Battle of Hastings and the Norman conquest of England, William the Conqueror gave land in, in its 1086 Domesday Book listing, the town was explicitly described as a borough
5.
Emir Kusturica
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Emir Kusturica is a Serbian filmmaker, actor and musician. He has been recognized for several internationally acclaimed feature films, as well as his projects in town-building and he has competed at the Cannes Film Festival on five occasions and won the Palme dOr twice, as well as the Best Director prize for Time of the Gypsies. He has also won a Silver Bear at the Berlin Film Festival for Arizona Dream, in addition he was also named Commander of the French Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. Since the mid-2000s, Kusturicas primary residence has been in Drvengrad and he had portions of the historic village reconstructed for the film. He is a member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republika Srpska since 9 November 2011, a lively youth, young Emir was by his own admission a borderline delinquent while growing up in the Sarajevo neighbourhood of Gorica. After graduating from FAMU, Kusturica began directing short films in Yugoslavia. He made his film debut in 1981 with Do You Remember Dolly Bell. A coming-of-age drama that won the prestigious Silver Lion for Best First Work at that years Venice Film Festival, the same year, at the age of 27, he became lecturer at the newly established Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo, a job that he performed until 1988. He was also art director of Open Stage Obala, Kusturica wrote the screenplays for both Do You Remember Dolly Bell. and When Father Was Away on Business. In 1989 Kusturica earned more accolades for Time of the Gypsies, a film about Romani culture, in 1989 he was a member of the jury at the 16th Moscow International Film Festival. Kusturica continued to highly regarded films into the next decade, including his American debut. He won the Palme dOr for his black comedy epic, Underground, based upon a scenario of Dušan Kovačević and he also taught Film Directing at Columbia Universitys Graduate Film Division. In 1998, he won the Venice Film Festivals Silver Lion for Best Direction for Black Cat, White Cat, the music for the film was composed by the Belgrade-based band No Smoking Orchestra. In 2001, Kusturica directed Super 8 Stories, a road and concert movie about The No Smoking Orchestra. He was appointed President of the Jury of the 2005 Cannes Film Festival and his film, Maradona, a documentary on Argentine soccer star Diego Maradona, was released in Italy in May 2007. It premiered in France during the Cannes Film Festival in 2008 and his film Promise Me This premiered at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival. In June 2007, Kusturica directed the video to Manu Chaos single Rainin in Paradize. On 8 September 2007, Kusturica was appointed a UNICEF National Ambassador for Serbia, alongside Ana Ivanovic, Jelena Janković, since January 2008 he has organized the annual private Küstendorf Film Festival
6.
Toots and the Maytals
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Toots and the Maytals, originally called The Maytals, are a Jamaican musical group and one of the best known ska and rock steady vocal groups. The Maytals were formed in the early 1960s and were key figures in popularizing reggae music, frontman Toots Hibberts soulful vocal style has been compared to Otis Redding, and led him to be named one of the 100 Greatest Singers by Rolling Stone. Their 1968 single Do the Reggay, was the first song to first use the word reggae, naming the genre and introducing it to a global audience. As Island Records founder Chris Blackwell says, “The Maytals were unlike anything else. sensational, raw and dynamic. ”Frederick Toots Hibbert, the frontman of the group, was born in May Pen, Clarendon, Jamaica, in 1945, the youngest of seven children. He grew up singing gospel music in a choir and moved to Kingston in the late 1950s. The first instrumentalist members added to the group included Jackie Jackson, Hux Brown, Rad Bryan, in November 2016, Jackie Jackson described the formation of the group in a radio interview for Kool 97 FM Jamaica. Accompanied by Paul Douglas and Radcliffe Dougie Bryan in studio, Jackson explained, “We’re all original members of Toots, first it was Toots and the Maytals, three guys, Toots, Raleigh, and Jerry. …And then they were signed to Island Records, Chris Blackwell, and we were their recording band. One day we were summoned to Chris’ house, and he says, “Alright gentleman, I think it’s time. This Toots and the Maytals looks like going to be a big thing”. By this time he had already signed Bob, so in his camp, Island Records, there was Toots and the Maytals / Bob Marley, we were talking about reggae is going international now. We kept on meeting and he decided that the band that back all of the songs. So everything came under Toots and the Maytals, and then we hit the road in 1975. we were the opening act for the Eagles, Linda Ronstadt, and Jackson Browne. We were the act for The Who for about two weeks. ”The Maytals first had chart success recording for producer Clement Coxsone Dodd at Studio One. With musical backing from Dodds house band, the Skatalites, the Maytals close-harmony gospel singing ensured success, overshadowing Dodds other up-and-coming vocal group, the Wailers. After staying at Studio One for about two years, the group moved on to do sessions for Prince Buster before recording with Byron Lee in 1966, with Lee, the Maytals won the first-ever Jamaican Independence Festival Popular Song Competition with their original song Bam Bam. The groups musical career was interrupted in late 1966 when Hibbert was jailed for 18 months for possession of marijuana and he stated that he was not arrested for ganja, but while bailing a friend. Hibbert reportedly wrote 54-46 Thats My Number about his time in jail, following Hibberts release in 1967, the Maytals began working with the Chinese Jamaican producer Leslie Kong, a collaboration which yielded a string of hits throughout the late 1960s and early 1970s
7.
Wiltshire
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Wiltshire is a county in South West England with an area of 3,485 km2. It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, the county town was originally Wilton, after which the county is named, but Wiltshire Council is now based in the new county town of Trowbridge. Wiltshire is characterised by its high downland and wide valleys, Salisbury Plain is noted for being the location of the Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles and other ancient landmarks, and as a training area for the British Army. The city of Salisbury is notable for its mediaeval cathedral, important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster, and the National Trusts Stourhead, near Mere. The county, in the 9th century written as Wiltunscir, later Wiltonshire, is named after the county town of Wilton. Wiltshire is notable for its pre-Roman archaeology, the Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age people that occupied southern Britain built settlements on the hills and downland that cover Wiltshire. Stonehenge and Avebury are perhaps the most famous Neolithic sites in the UK, in the 6th and 7th centuries Wiltshire was at the western edge of Saxon Britain, as Cranborne Chase and the Somerset Levels prevented the advance to the west. The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675 between Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga, in 878 the Danes invaded the county. Following the Norman Conquest, large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown, at the time of the Domesday Survey the industry of Wiltshire was largely agricultural,390 mills are mentioned, and vineyards at Tollard and Lacock. In the 17th century English Civil War Wiltshire was largely Parliamentarian, the Battle of Roundway Down, a Royalist victory, was fought near Devizes. The Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry currently lives on as Y Squadron, based in Swindon, around 1800 the Kennet and Avon Canal was built through Wiltshire, providing a route for transporting cargoes from Bristol to London until the development of the Great Western Railway. Information on the 261 civil parishes of Wiltshire is available on the Wiltshire Community History website, run by the Libraries and this site includes maps, demographic data, historic and modern pictures and short histories. The local nickname for Wiltshire natives is moonrakers and this originated from a story of smugglers who managed to foil the local Excise men by hiding their alcohol, possibly French brandy in barrels or kegs, in a village pond. The officials took them for simple yokels or mad and left them alone, many villages claim the tale for their own village pond, but the story is most commonly linked with The Crammer in Devizes. Two-thirds of Wiltshire, a rural county, lies on chalk. This chalk is part of a system of chalk downlands throughout eastern and southern England formed by the rocks of the Chalk Group, the largest area of chalk in Wiltshire is Salisbury Plain, which is used mainly for arable agriculture and by the British Army as training ranges. The highest point in the county is the Tan Hill–Milk Hill ridge in the Pewsey Vale, just to the north of Salisbury Plain, the chalk uplands run northeast into West Berkshire in the Marlborough Downs ridge, and southwest into Dorset as Cranborne Chase. Cranborne Chase, which straddles the border, has, like Salisbury Plain, yielded much Stone Age, the Marlborough Downs are part of the North Wessex Downs AONB, a 1,730 km2 conservation area
8.
Bristol Zoo
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Bristol Zoo is a zoo in the city of Bristol in South West England. Among species now on view at Bristol which are rare or absent in other UK zoos are Livingstones fruit bats and successful breeding groups of western lowland gorillas, the lakes islands are home to gorillas, tamarins, marmosets, gibbons and pelicans. Seal and Penguin Coasts is an attraction at the zoo, opened in 1999, it allows South American fur seals. The two pools contain 145,000 imperial gallons of water, with waves, waterfalls, rocks. The exhibit has a net over the top to allow Inca terns. Explorers Creek opened in May 2009 and features three areas – a water area, a tropical bird house and a walk-through lorikeet feeding area. Gorilla Island is home to a family of western lowland gorillas, as well as an indoor house which is also home to okapis, they have a large island which they share with the De Brazzas monkeys from Monkey Jungle. The gorillas are herbivores, and are not aggressive, however the keepers do not enter their island home because it is the zoos policy to keep the animals captive environment as similar as possible to that of their natural African forest habitat. The Terrace is one of the oldest parts of the zoo, by exchanging night and day, the animals can be observed during daylight hours. The lights allow a transition from night to day and vice versa. Twilight world is split into four zones, the Desert, the Rainforest, the Cave, the Reptile House houses a collection of reptiles and amphibians. The house itself is heated and gives a sense of the heat of the rainforest, there are three sections to the house, Desert, Rainforest and the Rearing Room where visitors can view the raising of reptiles and amphibian and also learn about the zoos conservation work. Outside, but still considered part of the house, is a giant tortoise and rhinoceros iguana enclosure where the animals have access to a heated indoor house. The Aquarium has around 70 species of fish, the aquarium has three sections, The Amazon River, Africa and the coral reef. On the outside of the building there is a water sculpture, there are several exhibits of conservation significance on view. Notably, there is a display of endangered cichlids from Lake Barombi Mbo in Cameroon, bug World, the zoos collection of invertebrates, includes species such as Partula snails, stick and leaf insects, corals and peacock mantis shrimp. Other displays include tarantulas, black widow spiders, giant millipedes, honey bees, leaf-cutting ants, zona Brazil includes a tropical house that has Amazon tree boas and tarantulas. The two monkey enclosures house Geoffreys marmosets, black lion tamarins and titi monkeys, outside, there are aviaries for red-tailed amazon parrots, an enclosure for golden lion tamarins and three linked paddocks for tapirs and capybaras
9.
WOMADelaide
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WOMADelaide is an annual world music and dance festival, which was first held in 1992 in Botanic Park, Adelaide, South Australia as part of the WOMAD series of music festivals. WOMAD events are a showcase of different sorts of music, arts and they encourage people to experience the music of cultures other than their own as a way of developing global understanding. The WOMADelaide festival aims to entertain all age groups and people from all backgrounds, in 2002 Premier Mike Rann announced additional government funding to enable WOMADelaide to become an annual event. WOMADelaide was first run in 1992 as part of the Adelaide Festival of Arts, from 1993 it ran every two years so as to not conflict with subsequent editions of the Festival. From 1996 the management and production of WOMADelaide was taken on by the Adelaide-based company, in 2003, WOMADelaide became an annual festival following a decision made by the Rann government to financially support the event. That year, WOMADelaide Foundation Limited was also established as a not-for-profit organisation, the Foundation presented subsequent festivals and special projects for remote Indigenous arts communities. In 2010, in celebration of the 50th Anniversary of the Adelaide Festival of Arts, due to overwhelming popularity, the festival has now permanently taken on the fourth day. In 2015 the South Australian Tourism Commission replaced the Government of South Australia as the new principle partner. As of 2017, the South Australian Tourism Commission remains the principle partner. In 2017, WOMADelaide became an event, with provision for smoking only within two designated areas close to event entrances. WOMADelaide has grown steadily in size from 30,000 in 1993 to over 90,000 annually since 2014. About 95,000 people attended in 2015, all prior attendance records were broken in 2016 when over 95,000 people attended. In 2008 WOMADelaide won the FasterLouder Festival Award for best Sound & Production, WOMADelaide also received the 2008 Helpmann Award for Best Contemporary Music Festival. WOMADelaide is held in Botanic Park, which is situated north-east of central Adelaide, the 34-hectare park is fenced off for the duration of the festival, providing an enormous amount of space. The main stages are set up around a compound with Stage 1 in the middle and Stages 2 and 3 on either side. There are an additional four smaller stages, there are also visual arts exhibitions, a KidZone, a Global Village market area with over 100 food, crafts and display stalls, as well as several bars. All front-of-stage areas, the KidZone and the food and drink area are designated smoke-free, WOMADelaide currently leads the way in Waste Minimisation working closely with Zero Waste SA. After the 2005 festival some six tonnes of compost from WOMADelaide waste were returned to the Botanic Gardens in an effort to preserve the ecosystem in which the event is located
10.
Adelaide
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Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. In June 2016, Adelaide had a resident population of 1,326,354 million. South Australia, with a total of 1, the demonym Adelaidean is used in reference to the city and its residents. Adelaide is north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, on the Adelaide Plains between the Gulf St Vincent and the low-lying Mount Lofty Ranges which surround the city. Adelaide stretches 20 km from the coast to the foothills, and 94 to 104 km from Gawler at its northern extent to Sellicks Beach in the south. Named in honour of Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen consort to King William IV, Colonel William Light, one of Adelaides founding fathers, designed the city and chose its location close to the River Torrens, in the area originally inhabited by the Kaurna people. Lights design set out Adelaide in a layout, interspaced by wide boulevards and large public squares. Early Adelaide was shaped by prosperity and wealth—until the Second World War, it was Australias third-largest city and it has been noted for early examples of religious freedom, a commitment to political progressivism and civil liberties. It has been known as the City of Churches since the mid-19th century, as South Australias seat of government and commercial centre, Adelaide is the site of many governmental and financial institutions. Most of these are concentrated in the city centre along the boulevard of North Terrace, King William Street. Today, Adelaide is noted for its festivals and sporting events, its food and wine, its long beachfronts. It ranks highly in terms of liveability, being listed in the Top 10 of The Economist Intelligence Units Worlds Most Liveable Cities index in 2010,2011,2012 and 2015. It was also ranked the most liveable city in Australia by the Property Council of Australia in 2011,2012 and 2013, prior to its proclamation as a British settlement in 1836, the area around Adelaide was inhabited by the indigenous Kaurna Aboriginal nation. Kaurna culture and language was almost completely destroyed within a few decades of the European settlement of South Australia in 1836, however, extensive documentation by early missionaries and other researchers has enabled a modern revival of both language and culture. South Australia was officially proclaimed as a new British colony on 28 December 1836, the event is commemorated in South Australia as Proclamation Day. The site of the capital was surveyed and laid out by Colonel William Light. Adelaide was established as a colony of free immigrants, promising civil liberties and freedom from religious persecution. Wakefields idea was for the Government to survey and sell the land at a rate that would maintain land values high enough to be unaffordable for labourers and journeymen
11.
New Zealand
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New Zealand /njuːˈziːlənd/ is an island nation in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses—the North Island, or Te Ika-a-Māui, and the South Island, or Te Waipounamu—and around 600 smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres south of the Pacific island areas of New Caledonia, Fiji, because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans. During its long period of isolation, New Zealand developed a distinct biodiversity of animal, fungal, the countrys varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks, such as the Southern Alps, owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions. New Zealands capital city is Wellington, while its most populous city is Auckland, sometime between 1250 and 1300 CE, Polynesians settled in the islands that later were named New Zealand and developed a distinctive Māori culture. In 1642, Dutch explorer Abel Tasman became the first European to sight New Zealand, in 1840, representatives of Britain and Māori chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi, which declared British sovereignty over the islands. In 1841, New Zealand became a colony within the British Empire, today, the majority of New Zealands population of 4.7 million is of European descent, the indigenous Māori are the largest minority, followed by Asians and Pacific Islanders. Reflecting this, New Zealands culture is derived from Māori and early British settlers. The official languages are English, Māori and New Zealand Sign Language, New Zealand is a developed country and ranks highly in international comparisons of national performance, such as health, education, economic freedom and quality of life. Since the 1980s, New Zealand has transformed from an agrarian, Queen Elizabeth II is the countrys head of state and is represented by a governor-general. In addition, New Zealand is organised into 11 regional councils and 67 territorial authorities for local government purposes, the Realm of New Zealand also includes Tokelau, the Cook Islands and Niue, and the Ross Dependency, which is New Zealands territorial claim in Antarctica. New Zealand is a member of the United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, ANZUS, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Pacific Islands Forum, and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation. Dutch explorer Abel Tasman sighted New Zealand in 1642 and called it Staten Landt, in 1645, Dutch cartographers renamed the land Nova Zeelandia after the Dutch province of Zeeland. British explorer James Cook subsequently anglicised the name to New Zealand, Aotearoa is the current Māori name for New Zealand. It is unknown whether Māori had a name for the country before the arrival of Europeans. Māori had several names for the two main islands, including Te Ika-a-Māui for the North Island and Te Waipounamu or Te Waka o Aoraki for the South Island. Early European maps labelled the islands North, Middle and South, in 1830, maps began to use North and South to distinguish the two largest islands and by 1907, this was the accepted norm. The New Zealand Geographic Board discovered in 2009 that the names of the North Island and South Island had never been formalised and this set the names as North Island or Te Ika-a-Māui, and South Island or Te Waipounamu
12.
Abu Dhabi
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Abu Dhabi is the capital and the second most populous city of the United Arab Emirates, and also capital of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the largest of the UAEs seven emirates. Abu Dhabi lies on a T-shaped island jutting into the Persian Gulf from the western coast. The city proper had a population of 1.5 million in 2014, Abu Dhabi houses federal government offices, is the seat of the United Arab Emirates Government, home to the Abu Dhabi Emiri Family and the President of the UAE, who is from this family. Abu Dhabis rapid development and urbanisation, coupled with the high average income of its population, has transformed the city into a large. Today the city is the center of political and industrial activities. Abu Dhabi accounts for about two-thirds of the roughly $400-billion United Arab Emirates economy, Abu Dhabi is the fourth most expensive city for expatriate employees in the region, and in 2014 was the 68th most expensive big city in the world. Abu Dhabi is full of evidence that points to civilizations, such as the Umm an-Nar Culture. Settlements were also found farther outside the city of Abu Dhabi. There is evidence of civilizations around the mountain of Hafeet and this location is very strategic because it is the UAE’s second tallest mountain, so it would have great visibility. It also contains a lot of moisture in its springs and lakes, origin of the name Abu Dhabi The origin of the name Abu Dhabi is uncertain. Meaning Father of the Gazelle, when translated from Arabic. According to Bilal al-Budoor, assistant under-secretary for Cultural Affairs at the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Community Development, The area had a lot of dhibaa, an old story tells about a man who used to chase deer and was named the father of the animal. Abu Dhabis original name was Milh salt, possibly referring to the salty water of the Persian Gulf, some Bedouins called the city Umm Dhabi, while British records refer to the place as Abu Dhabi. According to some accounts, the name Abu Dhabi was first used more than 300 years ago. The first word of Abu Dhabi is pronounced Bu by inhabitants on the western coast. In the eastern part of the city, the pronunciation is Abu, origins of the Al Nahyan family The Bani Yas bedouin were originally centered on the Liwa Oasis. This tribe was the most significant in the area, having over 20 subsections, in 1793, the Al Bu Falah subsection migrated to the island of Abu Dhabi on the coast of the Persian Gulf due to the discovery of fresh water there. One family within this section was the Al Nahyan family and this family makes up the rulers of Abu Dhabi today
