1.
Minneapolis
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Minneapolis is the county seat of Hennepin County, and the larger of the Twin Cities, the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the United States. As of 2015, Minneapolis is the largest city in the state of Minnesota, Minneapolis and Saint Paul anchor the second-largest economic center in the Midwest, after Chicago. Minneapolis lies on both banks of the Mississippi River, just north of the confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Saint Paul. It was once the worlds flour milling capital and a hub for timber, the city and surrounding region is the primary business center between Chicago and Seattle, with Minneapolis proper containing Americas fifth-highest concentration of Fortune 500 companies. As an integral link to the economy, Minneapolis is categorized as a global city. Noted for its music and performing arts scenes, Minneapolis is home to both the award-winning Guthrie Theater and the historic First Avenue nightclub. The name Minneapolis is attributed to Charles Hoag, the citys first schoolteacher, who combined mni, a Dakota Sioux word for water, and polis, Dakota Sioux had long been the regions sole residents when French explorers arrived around 1680. For a time relations were based on fur trading, gradually more European-American settlers arrived, competing for game and other resources with the Dakota. In the early 19th century, the United States acquired this territory from France, fort Snelling was built in 1819 by the United States Army, and it attracted traders, settlers and merchants, spurring growth in the area. The United States government pressed the Mdewakanton band of the Dakota to sell their land, the Minnesota Territorial Legislature authorized present-day Minneapolis as a town in 1856 on the Mississippis west bank. Minneapolis incorporated as a city in 1867, the rail service began between Minneapolis and Chicago. It later joined with the city of St. Anthony in 1872. Minneapolis developed around Saint Anthony Falls, the highest waterfall on the Mississippi River, forests in northern Minnesota were a valuable resource for the lumber industry, which operated seventeen sawmills on power from the waterfall. By 1871, the west river bank had twenty-three businesses, including mills, woolen mills, iron works, a railroad machine shop, and mills for cotton, paper, sashes. Due to the hazards of milling, six local sources of artificial limbs were competing in the prosthetics business by the 1890s. The farmers of the Great Plains grew grain that was shipped by rail to the citys thirty-four flour mills, a father of modern milling in America and founder of what became General Mills, Cadwallader C. Some ideas were developed by William Dixon Gray and some acquired through industrial espionage from the Hungarians by William de la Barre, pillsbury Company across the river were barely a step behind, hiring Washburn employees to immediately use the new methods. The hard red spring wheat that grows in Minnesota became valuable, not until later did consumers discover the value in the bran that Minneapolis
2.
Minnesota
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Minnesota is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U. S. state on May 11,1858, the state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan Land of 10,000 Lakes. Its official motto is LÉtoile du Nord, Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 21st most populous of the U. S. Minnesota is known for its progressive political orientation and its high rate of civic participation and voter turnout. Until European settlement, Minnesota was inhabited by the Dakota and Ojibwe/Anishinaabe, in recent decades, immigration from Asia, the Horn of Africa, and Latin America has broadened its historic demographic and cultural composition. Minnesotas standard of living index is among the highest in the United States, Native Americans demonstrated the name to early settlers by dropping milk into water and calling it mnisota. Many places in the state have similar names, such as Minnehaha Falls, Minneiska, Minneota, Minnetonka, Minnetrista, and Minneapolis, a combination of mni and polis, Minnesota is the second northernmost U. S. state. Its isolated Northwest Angle in Lake of the Woods county is the part of the 48 contiguous states lying north of the 49th parallel. The state is part of the U. S. region known as the Upper Midwest and it shares a Lake Superior water border with Michigan and a land and water border with Wisconsin to the east. Iowa is to the south, North Dakota and South Dakota are to the west, with 86,943 square miles, or approximately 2.25 percent of the United States, Minnesota is the 12th-largest state. Minnesota has some of the Earths oldest rocks, gneisses that are about 3.6 billion years old. About 2.7 billion years ago, basaltic lava poured out of cracks in the floor of the primordial ocean, the roots of these volcanic mountains and the action of Precambrian seas formed the Iron Range of northern Minnesota. Following a period of volcanism 1, in more recent times, massive ice sheets at least one kilometer thick ravaged the landscape of the state and sculpted its terrain. The Wisconsin glaciation left 12,000 years ago and these glaciers covered all of Minnesota except the far southeast, an area characterized by steep hills and streams that cut into the bedrock. This area is known as the Driftless Zone for its absence of glacial drift, much of the remainder of the state outside the northeast has 50 feet or more of glacial till left behind as the last glaciers retreated. Gigantic Lake Agassiz formed in the northwest 13,000 years ago and its bed created the fertile Red River valley, and its outflow, glacial River Warren, carved the valley of the Minnesota River and the Upper Mississippi downstream from Fort Snelling. Minnesota is geologically quiet today, it experiences earthquakes infrequently, the states high point is Eagle Mountain at 2,301 feet, which is only 13 miles away from the low of 601 feet at the shore of Lake Superior. Notwithstanding dramatic local differences in elevation, much of the state is a rolling peneplain. Two major drainage divides meet in Minnesotas northeast in rural Hibbing, forming a triple watershed, precipitation can follow the Mississippi River south to the Gulf of Mexico, the Saint Lawrence Seaway east to the Atlantic Ocean, or the Hudson Bay watershed to the Arctic Ocean
3.
Black-ish
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Black-ish is an American sitcom starring Anthony Anderson and Tracee Ellis Ross broadcast on ABC. The single-camera comedy centers on an upper-middle-class African-American family, the series premiered on September 24,2014. On March 3,2016, the show was renewed for a third season, Anthony Anderson as Andre Dre Johnson Sr. an advertising executive who tries to pass on some of his urban culture to his seemingly uninterested children. His alma mater is Howard University, Tracee Ellis Ross as Dr. Rainbow Bow Johnson, who is Dres wife. She is a biracial anesthesiologist who was raised by hippies and her alma mater is Brown University. Yara Shahidi as Zoey Johnson, Dre and Rainbows 17-year-old daughter and she is the attractive, popular, entitled, stylish, and socially active member of the Johnson family. Marcus Scribner as Andre Johnson Jr. Dre and Rainbows 16-year-old son and he is a so-called nerd who is confused by the world around him and frequently subjected to disdain and pettiness at the hands of his more shallow and obnoxious father and siblings. Miles Brown as Jack Johnson, Dre and Rainbows upbeat 8-year-old son, fraternal twin of Diane, marsai Martin as Diane Johnson, Dre and Rainbows 8-year-old daughter, fraternal twin of Jack, who considers herself smarter and more mature than her twin brother. Jenifer Lewis as Ruby Johnson, Dres mother, jeff Meacham as Josh Oppenhol, Dres co-worker. Peter Mackenzie as Leslie Stevens, Dres boss and co-owner of Stevens & Lido, Laurence Fishburne as Earl Pops Johnson, Dres father. Deon Cole as Charlie Telphy, Dres co-worker, raven-Symoné as Rhonda Johnson, Dres sister who is a lesbian but is not yet comfortable discussing her sexuality. Catherine Reitman as Lucy, Dres co-worker, wanda Sykes as Daphne Lido, ex-wife of Phillip Lido and new co-owner of Stevens & Lido. Allen Maldonado as Curtis Miller Jr. Dres co-worker, elle Young as Sharon Duckworth, Rhondas fiancée. Regina Hall as Vivian, Jack and Dianes nanny, daveed Diggs as Johan Johnson, Rainbows brother. Nelson Franklin as Connor Stevens, Leslie Stevens son, Diane Farr as Rachel, Stevens & Lidos HR rep. On January 16,2014, ABC greenlit the pilot episode, two weeks later, Larry Wilmore joined the show as showrunner. In mid-February, Laurence Fishburne was cast as the father of Andersons character, on May 8,2014, ABC picked up the pilot to the series for the 2014–15 television season. A few days later, Anderson announced that Larry Wilmore would be stepping down as early in the shows run due to his forthcoming late night show
4.
Sitcom
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A situation comedy, or sitcom, is a genre of comedy centered on a fixed set of characters who carry over from episode to episode. Sitcoms can be contrasted with sketch comedy, where a troupe may use new characters in each sketch, and stand-up comedy, Sitcoms originated in radio, but today are found mostly on television as one of its dominant narrative forms. This form can also include mockumentaries, a situation comedy television program may be recorded in front of a studio audience, depending on the programs production format. The effect of a studio audience can be imitated or enhanced by the use of a laugh track. The terms situational comedy or sitcom werent commonly used until the 1950s, there were prior examples on radio, but the first television sitcom is said to be Pinwrights Progress, ten episodes being broadcast on the BBC in the United Kingdom between 1946 and 1947. There have been few long-running Australian-made sitcoms, but many U. S. UK sitcoms are a staple of government broadcaster Australian Broadcasting Corporation, in the 1970s and 1980s many UK sitcoms also screened on the Seven Network. By 1986, UK comedies Bless This House and Are You Being Served, had been repeated by ABC Television several times, and were then acquired and screened by the Seven Network, in prime time. In 1981, Daily at Dawn was the first Australian comedy series to feature a gay character. In 1987, Mother and Son was winner of the Television Drama Award presented by the Australian Human Rights Commission, in 2013, Please Like Me was praised by the critics, receiving an invitation to screen at the Series Mania Television Festival in Paris. And has garnered three awards and numerous nominations, nominated to the 2012 Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards for Best Television Comedy Series. Conversely, however, Canadian television has had greater success with sketch comedy and dramedy series. The popular show King of Kensington, aired from 1975 to 1980, corner Gas, which ran for six seasons from 2004 to 2009, became an instant hit, averaging a million viewers per episode. It has been the recipient of six Gemini Awards, and has been nominated almost 70 times for various awards, other noteworthy recent sitcoms have included Call Me Fitz and Schitts Creek, Letterkenny and Kims Convenience. Sitcoms started appearing on Indian television in the 1980s, with serials like Yeh Jo Hai Zindagi, since it ceased production in 1992, the show has earned an estimated billion in syndication fees alone for Televisa. Gliding On, a popular sit-com in New Zealand in the early 1980s, won awards over the course of its run, including Best Comedy, Best Drama. The first Russian sitcom series was Strawberry, which was aired in 1996-1997 on the RTR channel, however, the boom of Russian sitcoms began only in the 2000s - when in 2004 the STS started very successful sitcom My Fair Nanny. Since that time sitcoms in Russia were produced by the two largest entertainment channels of the country - STS and TNT, in 2007 the STS released the first original domestic sitcom - Daddys Daughters, and in 2010 TNT released Interns - the first sitcom, filmed as a comedy. Most American sitcoms generally include episodes of 20 to 30 minutes in length, some popular British shows have been successfully adapted for the U. S
5.
African Americans
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African Americans are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa. The term may also be used to only those individuals who are descended from enslaved Africans. As a compound adjective the term is usually hyphenated as African-American, Black and African Americans constitute the third largest racial and ethnic group in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved peoples within the boundaries of the present United States. On average, African Americans are of 73. 2–80. 9% West African, 18–24% European, according to US Census Bureau data, African immigrants generally do not self-identify as African American. The overwhelming majority of African immigrants identify instead with their own respective ethnicities, immigrants from some Caribbean, Central American and South American nations and their descendants may or may not also self-identify with the term. After the founding of the United States, black people continued to be enslaved, believed to be inferior to white people, they were treated as second-class citizens. The Naturalization Act of 1790 limited U. S. citizenship to whites only, in 2008, Barack Obama became the first African American to be elected President of the United States. The first African slaves arrived via Santo Domingo to the San Miguel de Gualdape colony, the ill-fated colony was almost immediately disrupted by a fight over leadership, during which the slaves revolted and fled the colony to seek refuge among local Native Americans. De Ayllón and many of the colonists died shortly afterwards of an epidemic, the settlers and the slaves who had not escaped returned to Haiti, whence they had come. The first recorded Africans in British North America were 20 and odd negroes who came to Jamestown, as English settlers died from harsh conditions, more and more Africans were brought to work as laborers. Typically, young men or women would sign a contract of indenture in exchange for transportation to the New World, the landowner received 50 acres of land from the state for each servant purchased from a ships captain. An indentured servant would work for years without wages. The status of indentured servants in early Virginia and Maryland was similar to slavery, servants could be bought, sold, or leased and they could be physically beaten for disobedience or running away. Africans could legally raise crops and cattle to purchase their freedom and they raised families, married other Africans and sometimes intermarried with Native Americans or English settlers. By the 1640s and 1650s, several African families owned farms around Jamestown and some became wealthy by colonial standards and purchased indentured servants of their own. In 1640, the Virginia General Court recorded the earliest documentation of slavery when they sentenced John Punch. One of Dutch African arrivals, Anthony Johnson, would own one of the first black slaves, John Casor
6.
Choctaw
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The Choctaw are Native American people originally from the Southeastern United States. The Choctaw language belongs to the Muskogean language family group, the Choctaw are descendants of the peoples of the Hopewell and Mississippian cultures, who lived throughout the east of the Mississippi River valley and its tributaries. About 1,700 years ago, the Hopewell people built Nanih Waiya, an earthwork mound. The early Spanish explorers of the mid-16th century encountered Mississippian-culture villages, the anthropologist John Swanton suggested that the Choctaw derived their name from an early leader. Henry Halbert, a historian, suggests that their name is derived from the Choctaw phrase Hacha hatak and these included the French, based on the Gulf Coast and in Louisiana, the English of the Southeast, and the Spanish of Florida and Louisiana during the colonial era. During the American Revolution, most Choctaw supported the Thirteen Colonies bid for independence from the British Crown and they never went to war against the United States prior to Indian Removal. In the 19th century, the Choctaw became known as one of the Five Civilized Tribes because they adopted numerous practices of their United States neighbors. The Choctaw and the United States agreed to nine treaties and and they were the first Native Americans forced under the Indian Removal Act. The Choctaw were exiled because the U. S. wanted to expand territory available for settlement by European Americans, to save the tribe from extinction, the Choctaw negotiated the largest area and most desirable lands in Indian Territory. Their early government had three districts, each with its own chief, who together with the town chiefs sat on the National Council and they appointed a Choctaw Delegate to represent them with the US government in Washington, DC. By the 1831 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek, those Choctaw who chose to stay in the formed state of Mississippi were one of the first major non-European ethnic groups to become U. S. citizens. During the American Civil War, the Choctaw in both Oklahoma and Mississippi mostly sided with the Confederate States of America, the Confederacy suggested it would support a state under Indian control if it won the war. After the Civil War, the Mississippi, Alabama, and Louisiana Choctaw fell into obscurity for some time, in 1978, the United Supreme Court of the United states held that all remnants of the Choctaw Nation are entitled to all rights of the Nation. The Choctaw in Oklahoma struggled to build a nation, transferring the Choctaw Academy there, in the aftermath of the Dawes Act, the US dissolved tribal governments and appointed chiefs. During World War I, Choctaw soldiers served in the U. S. military as the first Native American codetalkers, after the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the Choctaw reconstituted their government, and the Choctaw Nation had kept their culture alive despite years of pressure for assimilation. The third largest federally recognized tribe, since the century, they have created new institutions, such as a tribal college, housing authority. Federal Court of Appeals was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in 2002, many thousands of years ago groups classified by anthropologists as Paleo-Indians lived in what today is referred to as the American South. These groups were hunter-gatherers who hunted a wide range of animals, including a variety of megafauna, cushman wrote, the ancient Choctaw through their tradition they saw the mighty beasts of the forests, whose tread shook the earth
7.
Iranian Americans
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Iranian Americans or Persian Americans, are Americans of Iranian ancestry or people possessing Iranian and American dual citizenship. Iranian Americans are among the highest educated people in the United States and they have historically excelled in business, academia, the sciences, arts, and entertainment – but have traditionally shied away from participating in American politics and other civic activities. The Collins English Dictionary uses a variety of similar and overlapping definitions for the terms Persian and Iranian, one of the very first recorded Iranians to visit North America was Martin the Armenian, an Iranian-Armenian tobacco grower who settled in Jamestown, Virginia in 1618. Mirza Mohammad Ali, who is known as Hajj Sayyah is another Iranian who came to North America in the 1800s. He was inspired to travel around the world due to the contradiction between the ideals he read about around the world and how his fellow Iranians were treated by their leaders. He began his travel as a 23-year-old looking for knowledge and to gain perspective on the lives of others to bring back him to help Irans progress. His stay in the United States lasted 10 years, and took him across the country from New York to San Francisco. He also met with a variety of influential American figures including Ulysses S. Grant who was a president during that time, Hajj Sayyah was the first Iranian to become an American Citizen on May 26,1875. He was imprisoned upon his return to Iran for making a stand against the conditions there. He looked to the United States to protect him but to no avail, during the peak period of worldwide emigration to the United States, only 130 Iranian nationals were known to have immigrated. The first wave of Iranian migration to the United States occurred between the late 1940s to 1979, or alternatively 1977, Iranian students, most of whom had learned English as a second language in Iran, were highly desirable as new students in the United States colleges and universities. By the mid-1970s, nearly half of all Iranian students who studied abroad did so in the United States, as the Iranian economy continued to rise steadily in the 70s, it enabled many more Iranians to travel abroad freely. As reported by Bozorgmehr and Sabagh, consequently, the number of Iranian visitors to the United States also increased considerably, during the 1977–78 academic year, of about 100,000 Iranian students abroad,36,220 were enrolled in American institutions of higher learning. It is notable to mention that the pattern of Iranian migration during this phase usually only involved individuals- not whole families. However, Due to the events that followed very soon afterwards in the 1979 Revolution, matters changed. The second phase of Iranian migration began immediately before and after the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the overthrow of the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and became significant in the early 1980s. As Prof. Ronald H. Bayor adds, The 1979 Revolution and the 1980–88 war with Iraq transformed Irans class structure, politically, socially, and economically. During and after the revolution, most students did not return to Iran, Many students who graduated abroad after the revolution also did not return, due to ruling clergys repression
8.
Nas
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Nasir Bin Olu Dara Jones, better known by his stage name Nas /ˈnɑːz/, is an American rapper, record producer, actor and entrepreneur. The son of jazz musician Olu Dara, Nas has released eight consecutive platinum and multi-platinum albums and has sold over 25 million records worldwide. He is also an entrepreneur through his own label, he serves as associate publisher of Mass Appeal magazine and is the owner of a Fila sneaker store. He is currently signed to Mass Appeal Records and his musical career began in 1991 as featured artist on Main Sources Live at the Barbeque. His debut album Illmatic received universal acclaim from critics and the hip hop community and is frequently ranked as one of the greatest hip hop albums of all time. Nas follow-up It Was Written debuted at one on the Billboard 200, stayed on top for four consecutive weeks. From 2001 to 2005, Nas was involved in a publicized feud with rapper Jay Z. Nas signed to Def Jam in 2006. In 2010, he released Distant Relatives, an album with reggae artist Damian Marley. His eleventh studio album, Life Is Good was nominated for Best Rap Album at the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, Nas is often named as one of the greatest hip hop artists. MTV ranked him at number 5 on their list of The Greatest MCs of All Time, in 2012, The Source ranked him number two on their list of the Top 50 Lyricists of All Time. In 2013, Nas was ranked fourth on MTVs Hottest MCs in the Game list. About. com ranked him first on their list of the 50 Greatest MCs of All Time in 2014, nasir bin Olu Dara Jones was born September 14,1973, in Brooklyn, New York. His father, Olu Dara, is a jazz and blues musician and his mother, Fannie Ann Jones, was a Postal Service worker from North Carolina. He has one sibling, a brother named Jabari Fret who is best known as Jungle and his father took his name Olu Dara from the Yoruba people. His African DNA indicates he has roots in countries with high Yoruba populations Nigeria, Benin, Togo and Ghana – as well as Mali, the Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Congo, and Senegal. His matrilineal DNA haplogroup is of African origin, found among the Yoruba and he also found that his Y-DNA traces directly back to Scandinavia, through which he is a descendant of the Vikings. As a young child, Nas and his family relocated to the Queensbridge Houses in the Long Island City neighborhood of Queens and his neighbor, Willy Ill Will Graham, influenced Nass interest in hip hop by playing him records. His parents divorced in 1985, and he dropped out of school after the eighth grade and he educated himself about African culture through the Five Percent Nation and the Nuwaubian Nation
9.
Persian language
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Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi, is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family. It is primarily spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan and it is mostly written in the Persian alphabet, a modified variant of the Arabic script. Its grammar is similar to that of many contemporary European languages, Persian gets its name from its origin at the capital of the Achaemenid Empire, Persis, hence the name Persian. A Persian-speaking person may be referred to as Persophone, there are approximately 110 million Persian speakers worldwide, with the language holding official status in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan. For centuries, Persian has also been a cultural language in other regions of Western Asia, Central Asia. It also exerted influence on Arabic, particularly Bahrani Arabic. Persian is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-European family, other Western Iranian languages are the Kurdish languages, Gilaki, Mazanderani, Talysh, and Balochi. Persian is classified as a member of the Southwestern subgroup within Western Iranian along with Lari, Kumzari, in Persian, the language is known by several names, Western Persian, Parsi or Farsi has been the name used by all native speakers until the 20th century. Since the latter decades of the 20th century, for reasons, in English. Tajiki is the variety of Persian spoken in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan by the Tajiks, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, the term Persian as a language name is first attested in English in the mid-16th century. Native Iranian Persian speakers call it Fārsi, Farsi is the Arabicized form of Pārsi, subsequent to Muslim conquest of Persia, due to a lack of the phoneme /p/ in Standard Arabic. The origin of the name Farsi and the place of origin of the language which is Fars Province is the Arabicized form of Pārs, in English, this language has historically been known as Persian, though Farsi has also gained some currency. Farsi is encountered in some literature as a name for the language. In modern English the word Farsi refers to the language while Parsi describes Zoroastrians, some Persian language scholars such as Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, and University of Arizona professor Kamran Talattof, have also rejected the usage of Farsi in their articles. The international language-encoding standard ISO 639-1 uses the code fa, as its system is mostly based on the local names. The more detailed standard ISO 639-3 uses the name Persian for the dialect continuum spoken across Iran and Afghanistan and this consists of the individual languages Dari and Iranian Persian. Currently, Voice of America, BBC World Service, Deutsche Welle, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty also includes a Tajik service and an Afghan service. This is also the case for the American Association of Teachers of Persian, The Centre for Promotion of Persian Language and Literature, Persian is an Iranian language belonging to the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European family of languages
10.
McDonald's
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McDonalds is an American hamburger and fast food restaurant chain. It was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard. In 1948, they reorganized their business as a hamburger stand, the first McDonalds franchise using the arches logo opened in Phoenix, Arizona in 1953. Businessman Ray Kroc joined the company as an agent in 1955. Based in Oak Brook, Illinois, McDonalds confirmed plans to move its headquarters to Chicago by early 2018. Today, McDonalds is one of the worlds largest restaurant chains, McDonalds primarily sells hamburgers, cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts. In response to changing tastes, the company has expanded its menu to include salads, fish, wraps, smoothies. A McDonalds restaurant is operated by either a franchisee, an affiliate, the McDonalds Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants. According to a BBC report published in 2012, McDonalds is the second largest private employer,1.5 million of whom work for franchises. The business began in 1940, with a restaurant opened by brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald at 1398 North E Street at West 14th Street in San Bernardino, the first McDonalds with the arches opened in Phoenix, Arizona in March 1953. The original mascot of McDonalds was a man with a hat on top of a hamburger-shaped head whose name was Speedee. In 1962, the Golden Arches replaced Speedee as the company symbol, a new mascot, Ronald McDonald was introduced in 1965. The clown-like man having puffed out costume legs served advertising aimed at children. On May 4,1961, McDonalds first filed for a U. S. trademark on the name McDonalds with the description Drive-In Restaurant Services, on September 13,1961, the company filed for a trademark on a new logo—an overlapping, double-arched M symbol. By September 6,1962, this M-symbol was temporarily disfavored, although the Golden Arches logo appeared in various forms, the present version as a letter M did not appear until November 18,1968, when the company applied for a U. S. trademark. Kroc later purchased the McDonald brothers equity in the company and led its expansion. Kroc was also noted for aggressive business practices, compelling the McDonald brothers to leave the fast-food industry, Kroc and the McDonald brothers feuded over control of the business, as documented in Krocs autobiography. The San Bernardino restaurant was demolished in 1976 and the site was sold to the Juan Pollo restaurant chain and this area now serves as headquarters for the Juan Pollo chain, as well as a McDonalds and Route 66 museum
11.
Ralph Lauren
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Ralph Lauren is an American fashion designer, philanthropist, and business executive, best known for the Ralph Lauren Corporation, a global multibillion-dollar enterprise. He has also become known for his collection of rare automobiles. Lauren stepped down as Chief Executive Officer of the company in September 2015 but remains its Executive Chairman, as of October 2016, Forbes estimates his wealth at $5.5 billion, which makes Ralph Lauren the 233rd richest person in the world. Ralph Lauren was born in The Bronx, New York City, to Ashkenazi Jewish immigrants, Frieda and Frank Lifshitz and he is the youngest of four siblings – two brothers and one sister. Lauren attended day school followed by MTA, before graduating from DeWitt Clinton High School in 1957. He grew up playing basketball and baseball and he wanted to be Joe DiMaggio, and then he wanted to be a movie star. Lauren constantly draws inspiration from his heroes including Frank Sinatra, Cary Grant and he went to Baruch College, at the City University of New York where he studied business, although he dropped out after two years. From 1962 to 1964 he served in the United States Army, the Ralph Lauren Corporation started in 1967 with men’s ties. At 28 years-old, Lauren worked for the tie manufacturer Beau Brummell, drawing on his interests in sports, Ralph Lauren named his first full line of menswear ‘Polo’ in 1968. He worked out of a drawer from a showroom in the Empire State Building. By 1969, the Manhattan department store Bloomingdales sold Lauren’s men line exclusively and it was the first time that Bloomingdale’s had given a designer their own in-store boutique. In 1971, Ralph Lauren Corporation launched a line of tailored shirts for women, the first full women’s collection was launched the following year. 1971 also marked the opening of Ralph Lauren’s store on Rodeo Drive in Beverly Hills and this is the first freestanding store for an American designer. In 1972 the Ralph Lauren Corporation introduced a signature cotton mesh Polo shirt in various colors, featuring the polo player logo at the chest, the shirt became emblematic of the preppy look—one of Ralph Laurens signature styles. The tag line for the ad campaign was, Every team has its color -- Polo has seventeen, in 1977, Diane Keaton and Woody Allen wore Lauren’s clothes throughout their Oscar-winning film, Annie Hall. The first Ralph Lauren fragrances, produced by Warner-Lauren, Ltd. were launched at Bloomingdales in March 1978, Lauren, a fragrance for women, on March 12 and Polo, cologne for men, on March 26. This was the first time that a designer has introduced two fragrances – one for men and one for women – simultaneously, Ralph Lauren opens his first flagship in the Rhinelander mansion, on Madison Avenue and 72nd Street in New York City in 1986. Lauren re-creates the buildings original opulence with a design consultant named Naomi Leff
12.
Target Corporation
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Target Corporation is the second-largest discount store retailer in the United States, behind Walmart, and a component of the S&P500 Index. The first Target store opened in Roseville, Minnesota in 1962 while the parent company was renamed the Dayton Corporation in 1967, the company has found success as a cheap-chic player in the industry. The parent company was renamed the Target Corporation in 2000 and divested itself of its last department store chains in 2004, as of 2017, Target operates 1,806 locations throughout the United States. Target is often recognized for its emphasis on the needs of its younger, image-conscious shoppers, the Westminster Presbyterian Church from downtown Minneapolis burned down during the Panic of 1893. Without insurance coverage to cover the loss, the congregation found itself unable to rebuild. The store was renamed the Dayton Dry Goods Company in 1903, Dayton died in 1938 and was succeeded by his son Nelson as the president of the $14 million business. Nelson died in 1950 and was replaced by his own son Donald, the company acquired the Lipmans department store company during the 1950s and operated it as a separate division. John F. Geisse developed the concept of upscale discount retailing while working for the Dayton Company. Using his concepts, the company opened its first Target discount store at 1515 West County Road B in the Saint Paul suburb of Roseville, Minnesota, Douglas Dayton was its first president. The name Target originated from publicity director Stewart K. Widdess and it opened three additional units in the first year, and reported its first gain in 1965 with sales reaching $39 million. Later that decade, B. Dalton Bookseller was formed as a subsidiary of the Dayton Company, the parent company acquired the jewelers Shreve & Co. and J. E. Caldwell, the Pickwick Book Shops, and the electronics and appliances chain Lechmere. It also went public with its first offering of common stock, in 1969, the Dayton Company itself merged with the Detroit-based J. L. Hudson Company, and together formed the Dayton-Hudson Corporation. The new company, at the time the 14th-largest retailer in the United States, consisted of Target and the department stores Daytons, Diamonds, Hudsons, John A. Brown, Target reached $200 million in sales while Dayton-Hudson acquired Team Electronics and the jewelers C. D. Peacock, Inc. and Jessop and Sons in the 1970s, Target reported a decrease in profits in 1972, due to the rapid pace of expansion with the purchase and conversion of several former Arlans department store locations. New management marked down merchandise to reduce its overstock and only opened one new location that year, Dayton-Hudson was established as the seventh-largest general merchandise retailer in the United States with its acquisition of Mervyns in 1978. It sold the Dayton-Hudson Jewelers subsidiary to Henry Birks & Sons of Montreal, Target was established as the dominant retailer in southern California after purchasing fifty Gemco stores in the state in 1986, that year, Dayton-Hudson sold B. Dalton Bookseller to Barnes & Noble. The acquisition of several Gold Circle and Richway stores assisted its expansion into northwestern and southeastern United States, later that year, Dayton-Hudson sold Lechmere to a group of investors. In 1990, Dayton-Hudson acquired Marshall Fields and opened its first Target Greatland store in Apple Valley and it started the Everyday Hero clothing specialty store with two locations in Minneapolis in 1992, although they were closed in 1997
13.
Gap Inc.
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The Gap, Inc. commonly known as Gap Inc. or Gap, is an American worldwide clothing and accessories retailer. It was founded in 1969 by Donald Fisher and Andreas Antoniou and is headquartered in San Francisco, the company operates five primary divisions, the namesake banner, Banana Republic, Old Navy, Intermix, and Athleta. Gap Inc. is the largest specialty retailer in the United States, as of September 2008, the company has approximately 135,000 employees and operates 3,727 stores worldwide, of which 2,406 are located in the U. S. The Fisher family remains involved in the company, collectively owning much of its stock. Donald Fisher served as Chairman of the Board until 2004, playing a role in the ouster of then-CEO Millard Drexler in 2002, fishers wife and their son, Robert J. Fisher, also serve on Gaps board of directors. Robert succeeded his father as chairman in 2004 and also served as CEO on an interim basis following the resignation of Paul Pressler in 2007, on February 1,2015, Art Peck took over as CEO. They had raised US$63,000 to open the store, in 1970, Gap opened its second store in San Jose, California, its back room serves as the companys first replenishment warehouse. In 1971, Gap established its headquarters in Burlingame, California with four employees. By 1973, the company had over 25 locations and had expanded into the East Coast market with a store in the Echelon Mall in Voorhees, in 1974, Gap began to sell private-label merchandise. In the 1990s, Gap assumed an upscale identity and revamped its inventory under the direction of Millard Drexler, however, Drexler was removed from his position after 19 years of service in 2002 after over-expansion, a 29-month slump in sales, and tensions with the Fisher family. Drexler refused to sign an agreement and eventually became CEO of J. Crew. One month after his departure, merchandise that he had ordered was responsible for a rebound in sales. Robert J. Fisher recruited Paul Pressler as the new CEO, he was credited with closing under-performing locations, however, his focus groups failed to recover the companys leadership in its market. That January, Pressler resigned after two disappointing holiday sales seasons and was succeeded by Robert J. Fisher on an interim basis. He began working with the company in 1980 and joined the board in 1990, and would later assume several senior positions, including president of Banana Republic. The boards search committee was led by Adrian Bellamy, chairman of The Body Shop International, on February 2, Marka Hansen, the former head of the Banana Republic division, replaced Cynthia Harriss as the leader of the Gap division. The executive president for marketing and merchandising Jack Calhoun became interim president of Banana Republic, in May, Old Navy laid off approximately 300 managers in lower volume locations to help streamline costs. That July, Glenn Murphy, previously CEO of Shoppers Drug Mart in Canada, was announced as the new CEO of Gap, Inc
14.
The Walt Disney Company
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The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16,1923 – by brothers Walt Disney, the company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing. In addition, Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is best known for the products of its studio, Walt Disney Studios. Disneys other three divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Media Networks, and Disney Consumer Products. The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6,1991, Mickey Mouse, an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company, is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney. In early 1923, Kansas City, Missouri, animator Walt Disney created a film entitled Alices Wonderland. After the bankruptcy in 1923 of his previous firm, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, Disney moved to Hollywood to join his brother, Walt and Roy Disney formed Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio that same year. More animated films followed after Alice, in January 1926, with the completion of the Disney studio on Hyperion Street, the Disney Brothers Studios name was changed to the Walt Disney Studio. The distributor owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars, Disney completed 26 Oswald shorts before losing the contract in February 1928, due to a legal loophole, when Winklers husband Charles Mintz took over their distribution company. After failing to take over the Disney Studio, Mintz hired away four of Disneys primary animators to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies. In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films, ub Iwerks refined Disneys initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disneys first sound film Steamboat Willie, a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18,1928 through Pat Powers distribution company and it was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind Plane Crazy and The Gallopin Gaucho. Disney used Pat Powers Cinephone system, created by Powers using Lee De Forests Phonofilm system, Steamboat Willie premiered at B. S. Mosss Colony Theater in New York City, now The Broadway Theatre. Disneys Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho were then retrofitted with synchronized sound tracks, Disney continued to produce cartoons with Mickey Mouse and other characters, and began the Silly Symphonies series with Columbia Pictures signing on as Symphonies distributor in August 1929
15.
Guess (clothing)
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Guess is an American clothing brand and retailer. In addition to clothing for men and women, Guess markets other fashion accessories such as watches, jewelry, perfumes. Guess began in 1981 as a book of styles by Georges Marciano, Maurice, Georges brother, was first sought by Georges to help with product development. Armand and Paul, also Georges brothers, were in charge of distribution and advertising, Paul created the advertising, all of it in-house. Georges designed the clothes, burnishing Guess signature style, stonewashed denim, lighter in color, softer, Georges wanted to keep Guess in only the more exclusive stores, such as Bloomingdales. The remaining brothers in the disagreement wanted a larger distribution in KMart, different camps formed within the company, with each pledging allegiance to either Georges or the other three. Georges eventually gave in and sold his stake to his brothers in 1993 for $214.2 million, to finance the purchase, they had to borrow $210 million, and $105 million was still outstanding three years later. To raise money, the decided to take Guess public. Paul was the remaining brother to ultimately lead Guess on his own. The founder, Georges Marciano, and his brothers moved to Los Angeles in 1981, armand and Paul joined Georges and his brother in California. Georges came up with the name after driving past a McDonald’s billboard asking drivers to guess which eatery had the biggest cheeseburger. Maurice Marciano said, “Georges came home and said, ‘I think I found our name, Guess. ’ ” Maurice Marciano tossed up ideas until he got exasperated, and finally his brother, Georges, clarified himself. Guess, with its red triangle patch, stonewashed denim and signature zipper sliding up each ankle, was launched in late 1981. In just one year, sales through Bloomingdale’s and Guess’s Beverly Hills store hit $6 million, Guess soon began advertising, and in 1985, introduced their iconic black-and-white ads. The ads have won numerous Clio Awards, in the 1985 Robert Zemeckis movie, Back to the Future, Marty McFly wore distinctive Guess denim clothing, which was reportedly designed specifically for the film. During the 1980s, Guess was one of the most popular brands of denim jeans, the company was one of the first companies to create designer jeans. While the first jeans were for women, a mens line debuted in 1983, in 1984, Guess introduced its new line of watches known as Guess, Guess Steel, and the Guess Collection. The watch line is still in existence today and has been joined by a number of other accessory sidelines, in 1984, they also introduced a line of babys clothes, called Baby Guess
16.
The Children's Place
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Childrens Place Inc. is an American specialty retailer of children’s apparel and accessories. The company also markets apparel under the Childrens Place, Place, the company was founded in 1969. They became publicly traded on the NASDAQ exchange in 1997 under the ticker symbol PLCE, between 2004 and 2007, the company owned and operated 335 Disney Stores through a subsidiary Hoop Holdings/Hoop Retail Stores LLC. Disney sold the chain for the cost of inventory to Childrens Place subsidiary Hoop Holdings plus a 15-year licensing agreement, mario Ciampi, senior vice president of store development and logistics, was named Hoop/Disney Store North America president. The company agreed to pump $100 million in upgrades and remodeling. Under the licensing agreement, a royalty holiday period existed until October 2006 to allow revamping of the stores, the royalty thereafter was 5% of store sales while online sales get Disney a 9% to 10% royalty. Hoop Holdings was able to write off the cost of the equipment, hoops saw progress with its strategy as open stores in 2006 for 11 month saw 15% increase in sales assisted by a better Disney box office results and the Disney Channel hit High School Musical. A store website would be up and running in April 2007, in June 2007, the company began negotiations to sell the rights back to The Walt Disney Company. On March 26,2008, Hoop Holdings/Hoop Retail Stores LLC, Hoop obtained from Wells Fargo $35 million of debtor-in-possession financing and appointed Perry Mandarino of Traxi LLC, the Manhattan financial-restructuring company, as chief restructuring officer. On May 1,2008,231 Disney Stores in North America once again became the property of Disney, in the summer of 2013, the store withdrew a T-shirt from the stores with four options for My best subjects including Shopping, Music, Dance and Math. While shopping, music, and dance were checked, math was left unchecked because as the T-shirt stated Nobody’s perfect, there was a factory which produced Childrens Place merchandise in the Rana Plaza building that collapsed just outside Dhaka, Bangladesh in April 2013. The company then joined Alliance for Bangladesh Worker Safety along with other North American apparel retailers, senators George Mitchell and Olympia Snowe. The Alliances mission is a plan to improve conditions in Bangladeshi garment factories. Children’s Place stores are divided into 6 specific size ranges sections, Big Girls and Big Boys, Toddler Girls and Toddler Boys, most of The Children’s Place stores are located in and around regional malls, but also include some strip shopping centers, outlets, and street stores. The majority of their stores are small, traditional mall stores, although some Childrens Place outlets are in a big box format
17.
Eddie Murphy
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Edward Regan Eddie Murphy is an American comedian, actor, writer, singer, and producer. Murphy was a regular cast member on Saturday Night Live from 1980 to 1984 and he has worked as a stand-up comedian and was ranked #10 on Comedy Centrals list of the 100 Greatest Stand-ups of All Time. In films, Murphy has received Golden Globe Award nominations for his performances in 48 Hrs. the Beverly Hills Cop series, Trading Places, and The Nutty Professor. Murphys work as an actor in films includes Thurgood Stubbs in The PJs, Donkey in DreamWorks Shrek series. In some films, he plays multiple roles in addition to his character, intended as a tribute to one of his idols Peter Sellers. He has played roles in Coming to America, Wes Cravens Vampire in Brooklyn, the Nutty Professor films, Bowfinger, The Adventures of Pluto Nash, Norbit. As of 2014, Murphys films have grossed over $3.8 billion in the United States and Canada box office, in 2015, his films made him the 6th-highest grossing actor in the United States. Murphy was awarded the Mark Twain Prize for American Humor by the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, Murphy was born in Brooklyn, New York City, and raised in the boroughs Bushwick neighborhood. His mother, Lillian, was an operator, and his father, Charles Edward Murphy, was a transit police officer. His father died when he was young and my mother and father broke up when I was three, and he died when I was eight, so I have very dim memories… He was a victim of the Murphy charm. I never got all the logistics and it was supposed to be one of those crimes of passion, If I cant have you, no one else will-kind of deal. Someone said to me one day, Thats why you dont trust women, what are you, a fucking psychiatrist. – Eddie Murphy When Murphys single mother became ill, the eight-year-old, in interviews, Murphy has said that his time in foster care was influential in developing his sense of humor. Later, he and his older brother Charlie were raised in Roosevelt, New York by his mother and stepfather Vernon Lynch, around the age of 15, Murphy was writing and performing his own routines, which were heavily influenced by Bill Cosby and Richard Pryor. His early comedy was characterized by frequent swearing and sketches lampooning a diverse group of people, Eddie Murphy was his first album, released in 1982. In Rolling Stones February 2015 appraisal of all 141 SNL cast members to date and it is customary to say that Eddie Murphy is the only reason SNL survived the five-year wilderness without Lorne Michaels, they noted. In 1982, Murphy made his big debut in the film 48 Hrs. with Nick Nolte. 48 Hrs. proved to be a hit when it was released in the Christmas season of 1982, Nolte was scheduled to host the December 11,1982, Christmas episode of Saturday Night Live, but became too ill to host, so Murphy took over
18.
Paramount Pictures
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Paramount Pictures Corporation is an American film studio based in Hollywood, California, that has been a subsidiary of the American media conglomerate Viacom since 1994. In 1916, film producer Adolph Zukor contracted 22 actors and actresses and these fortunate few would become the first movie stars. Paramount Pictures is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America, in 2014, Paramount Pictures became the first major Hollywood studio to distribute all of its films in digital form only. Paramount is the fifth oldest surviving studio in the world after the French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, followed by the Nordisk Film company. It is the last major film studio headquartered in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles. Paramount Pictures dates its existence from the 1912 founding date of the Famous Players Film Company, hungarian-born founder, Adolph Zukor, who had been an early investor in nickelodeons, saw that movies appealed mainly to working-class immigrants. With partners Daniel Frohman and Charles Frohman he planned to offer feature-length films that would appeal to the class by featuring the leading theatrical players of the time. By mid-1913, Famous Players had completed five films, and Zukor was on his way to success and its first film was Les Amours de la reine Élisabeth, which starred Sarah Bernhardt. That same year, another aspiring producer, Jesse L. Lasky, opened his Lasky Feature Play Company with money borrowed from his brother-in-law, Samuel Goldfish, the Lasky company hired as their first employee a stage director with virtually no film experience, Cecil B. DeMille, who would find a site in Hollywood, near Los Angeles, for his first feature film. Hodkinson and actor, director, producer Hobart Bosworth had started production of a series of Jack London movies, Paramount was the first successful nationwide distributor, until this time, films were sold on a statewide or regional basis which had proved costly to film producers. Also, Famous Players and Lasky were privately owned while Paramount was a corporation, in 1916, Zukor maneuvered a three-way merger of his Famous Players, the Lasky Company, and Paramount. Zukor and Lasky bought Hodkinson out of Paramount, and merged the three companies into one, with only the exhibitor-owned First National as a rival, Famous Players-Lasky and its Paramount Pictures soon dominated the business. It was this system that gave Paramount a leading position in the 1920s and 1930s, the driving force behind Paramounts rise was Zukor. In 1926, Zukor hired independent producer B. P. Schulberg and they purchased the Robert Brunton Studios, a 26-acre facility at 5451 Marathon Street for US$1 million. In 1927, Famous Players-Lasky took the name Paramount Famous Lasky Corporation, three years later, because of the importance of the Publix Theatres, it became Paramount Publix Corporation. In 1928, Paramount began releasing Inkwell Imps, animated cartoons produced by Max, the Fleischers, veterans in the animation industry, were among the few animation producers capable of challenging the prominence of Walt Disney. The Paramount newsreel series Paramount News ran from 1927 to 1957, Paramount was also one of the first Hollywood studios to release what were known at that time as talkies, and in 1929, released their first musical, Innocents of Paris
19.
Imagine That (film)
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Imagine That is a 2009 comedy film starring directed by Karey Kirkpatrick and written by Ed Solomon and Chris Matheson. It centers on the relationship between a father and his daughter, Olivia, whose imaginary world becomes the solution to her fathers success. The film was released on June 12,2009 and was a box office failure, murphy was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actor for his work in the film. The film is a co-production between Paramount Pictures and Nickelodeon Movies, because Hotel for Dogs was released by DreamWorks instead of Paramount, Paramount reunited with Nickelodeon Movies to co-produce the film. Whitefeather seems to have the company under some spell as he spiels his nonsensical idioms filled with Native American mumbo jumbo. These top executives seem more content with chanting Indian style noises rather than listen to how they can make money through sound investments. In order for Evan to ask these imaginary friends any question he must travel through the world, through a dense forest, past a dragon, through caves. Before, Evan who is a part-time father really had no time for his daughter, now is forced to play with her and by her rules. After only a couple of days with her, he rediscovers the inner child within himself, whitefeather becomes suspicious and begins to search for Evans secret. Whitefeather and Evan are now competing for the position of heading the Western division of the company D. D. E. In order to be prepared for the most important presentation of his life, the only problem is that Olivia is spending the night at her friends house, and there is no way for Evan to obtain the Goo-Gaa without taking it from her. Also, the presentations will be held on the day of Olivias class play, Evan manages to get Olivia to give him the Goo-Gaa, but she is soon seen crying because he seems to care only about the blanket, not her. Evan returns home and tries to get the princesses attention, Evan then starts working on his presentation. As hours pass, he stretches, and the Goo-Gaa falls on the floor, Evan decides to go to the presentation instead of Olivias class concert. Johnny gives his presentation, but his idea is too crazy for the owner of the company, when he is about to present, he suddenly decides to go to Olivias class concert, and leaves the presentation. As he drives over, he changes into a king costume, back at the class concert, Olivia is about to sing her solo part, then all of a sudden Evan appears dressed as a king, and Olivia starts singing, delighted to see him. After the class concert, Evan starts talking to Olivia about how sorry he is for misusing her blanket, not caring about her, meanwhile, the owner of the company, D. D. E. Appears, and wants to talk to Evan and he and Evan talk, and he decides to give the position to Evan because of how much Evan cares about his family
20.
Young Artist Award
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The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979, at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season. The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony, honoring young performers of 2016, was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles, the scholarship program is funded exclusively by donations including contribution from the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. The Young Artist Awards are presented annually by the Young Artist Association, originally known as the Youth In Film Awards for the first twenty years, the name was officially changed to the Young Artist Awards for the 21st annual awards ceremony in March 2000. Originally held in the autumn in its years, the awards ceremony has traditionally taken place in the spring for more than 20 years. The original Youth In Film Award was a statuette was similar to a miniature Oscar, a gilded figure of a man holding a laurel wreath instead of a sword and standing upon a relatively large trophy style base. The current Young Artist Award statuette, is a figure displaying a Five-pointed star above its head, candidates considered for nomination must be between the ages of 5 and 21 and are usually submitted for consideration by producers or by the young artists agent and/or manager. Submissions are traditionally due by the end of January to mid-February and nominees are announced about one month later at an annual nomination ceremony, winners are selected by members of the Young Artist Association. Today, the Young Artist Association has a board of over 125 members composed of journalists, agents. Winners are selected by ballot of all associated with the Young Artist Association as well as former nominees. The various Young Artist Awards categories have evolved extensively since the first awards were presented, after the ceremony is the annual banquet dinner and then dancing with live musical entertainment often provided by talented young musical artists of the day. The first Youth In Film Awards were presented in October 1979 at a ceremony held at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood. Subsequent venues over the years have included the Ambassador Hotels Coconut Grove, the Globe Theater, the Beverly Garland Hotel and the Sportsmens Lodge
21.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
22.
Freeform (TV channel)
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Freeform is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the Disney–ABC Television Group division of The Walt Disney Company. Its programming includes contemporary off-network syndicated reruns and original series, feature films and made-for-TV original movies, in 1997, IFE and The Family Channel were acquired by a joint venture between News Corporation and Saban Entertainment, resulting in its re-branding as the Fox Family Channel. The new owners sought to re-position the network towards younger viewers as a companion for their popular Fox Kids programming block, on October 6,2015, Disney–ABC Television Group announced that the network would rebrand as Freeform, officially adopting that name on January 12,2016. The channel traces its origins to the launch of the CBN Satellite Service, by this point, its carriage grew to 10.9 million homes with a cable television subscription. On August 1,1988, the word Family was incorporated into the name to better reflect its programming format. By 1990, the network had grown too profitable to remain under the Christian Broadcasting Network umbrella without endangering the ministrys non-profit status, on January 8 of that year, CBN spun out the network into a new, for-profit corporation known as International Family Entertainment. Managed by Pat Robertsons eldest son Timothy, IFE was co-owned by the Robertsons, with a minority interest held by Liberty Media, following the spin-off, the channels name was officially shortened to The Family Channel on September 15,1990. The Family Channel started airing programs aired at preschool children, pre-teens, as a stipulation included as part of the spin-out from CBN to International Family Entertainment, The Family Channel was required to continue its daily airings of CBNs flagship program, The 700 Club. During this time, from 1994 to 1997, The Family Channel sponsored NASCAR Winston Cup Series driver Ted Musgrave in the #16 Ford Thunderbird for Roush Racing. In 1997, after International Family Entertainment put The Family Channel up for sale, News Corporation then entered into discussions to purchase a stake in the channel with IFE as a partner. After competing bids were submitted by Nickelodeon parent Viacom and The Walt Disney Company to acquire IFE as a whole, on June 11,1997, International Family Entertainment was acquired by the Fox/Saban consortium, Fox Kids Worldwide, for $1.9 billion. The Family Channel was officially renamed Fox Family Channel on August 15,1998, when Fox Family Worldwide bought the channel, the management team assigned to the network sought to re-program it towards a new dual audience – kids in daytime, families at night. Notable programs aired during this era included S Club 7 in Miami—a sitcom serving as a vehicle for the eponymous British pop group. The New York Times classified both series as being among a wave of television programming catered towards the demographic of children aged 9 through 14—also referred to as tweens. Airings of The 700 Club were scaled back to two per day, however, Fox Familys youth-oriented programming strategy alienated the networks core demographic of older viewers. The channel experienced a decline in viewership, falling in the Nielsen ratings from 10th to 17th place in cable network viewership. In 1999, Fox spun off two digital channels from Fox Family, the Boyz Channel and the Girlz Channel, which both contained programming content targeted at the respective genders. Both networks shut down one year of operation due to a lack of demand by cable providers
23.
Michelle Obama
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Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama is an American lawyer and writer who was First Lady of the United States from 2009 to 2017. She is married to the 44th President of the United States, Barack Obama and she subsequently worked as the Associate Dean of Student Services at the University of Chicago and the Vice President for Community and External Affairs of the University of Chicago Medical Center. Barack and Michelle married in 1992 and have two daughters, Obama campaigned for her husbands presidential bid throughout 2007 and 2008, delivering a keynote address at the 2008 Democratic National Convention. As First Lady, Obama became an icon, a role model for women, and an advocate for poverty awareness, nutrition, physical activity. Her mother was a homemaker until Michelle entered high school. The Robinson and Shields families trace their roots to pre-Civil War African Americans in the American South, on her fathers side, she is descended from the Gullah people of South Carolinas Low Country region. Her paternal great-great grandfather, Jim Robinson, was a slave on Friendfield Plantation in South Carolina and her grandfather Fraser Robinson, Jr. built his own house in South Carolina. He and his wife LaVaughn returned to the Low Country after retirement, among her maternal ancestors was her great-great-great-grandmother, Melvinia Shields, a slave on Henry Walls Shields 200-acre farm in Clayton County, Georgia. Melvinias first son, Dolphus T. Shields, was biracial, based on DNA and other evidence, in 2012 researchers said his father was likely 20-year-old Charles Marion Shields, son of her master. Melvinia did not talk to relatives about Dolphus father, Dolphus Shields moved to Birmingham, Alabama after the Civil War, and some of his children migrated to Cleveland, Ohio and Chicago. Her distant ancestry includes Irish and other European roots, in addition, a paternal first cousin once-removed is the African-American Jewish Rabbi Capers Funnye, son of her grandfathers sister. Robinson grew up in a bungalow on Euclid Avenue in Chicagos South Shore community area. Her parents rented an apartment on the second floor from her great-aunt. She was raised in what she describes as a home, with the mother at home. Her elementary school was down the street and they enjoyed playing games such as Monopoly, reading, and frequently saw extended family on both sides. She played piano, learning from her great-aunt who was a piano teacher, the Robinsons attended services at nearby South Shore United Methodist Church. They used to vacation in a cabin in White Cloud. She and her 21-month older brother, Craig, skipped the second grade and her father suffered from multiple sclerosis which had a profound emotional effect on her as she was growing up
24.
Harvard University
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Although never formally affiliated with any denomination, the early College primarily trained Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, james Bryant Conant led the university through the Great Depression and World War II and began to reform the curriculum and liberalize admissions after the war. The undergraduate college became coeducational after its 1977 merger with Radcliffe College, Harvards $34.5 billion financial endowment is the largest of any academic institution. Harvard is a large, highly residential research university, the nominal cost of attendance is high, but the Universitys large endowment allows it to offer generous financial aid packages. Harvards alumni include eight U. S. presidents, several heads of state,62 living billionaires,359 Rhodes Scholars. To date, some 130 Nobel laureates,18 Fields Medalists, Harvard was formed in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1638, it obtained British North Americas first known printing press, in 1639 it was named Harvard College after deceased clergyman John Harvard an alumnus of the University of Cambridge who had left the school £779 and his scholars library of some 400 volumes. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation was granted in 1650 and it offered a classic curriculum on the English university model—many leaders in the colony had attended the University of Cambridge—but conformed to the tenets of Puritanism. It was never affiliated with any denomination, but many of its earliest graduates went on to become clergymen in Congregational. The leading Boston divine Increase Mather served as president from 1685 to 1701, in 1708, John Leverett became the first president who was not also a clergyman, which marked a turning of the college toward intellectual independence from Puritanism. When the Hollis Professor of Divinity David Tappan died in 1803 and the president of Harvard Joseph Willard died a year later, in 1804, in 1846, the natural history lectures of Louis Agassiz were acclaimed both in New York and on the campus at Harvard College. Agassizs approach was distinctly idealist and posited Americans participation in the Divine Nature, agassizs perspective on science combined observation with intuition and the assumption that a person can grasp the divine plan in all phenomena. When it came to explaining life-forms, Agassiz resorted to matters of shape based on an archetype for his evidence. Charles W. Eliot, president 1869–1909, eliminated the position of Christianity from the curriculum while opening it to student self-direction. While Eliot was the most crucial figure in the secularization of American higher education, he was motivated not by a desire to secularize education, during the 20th century, Harvards international reputation grew as a burgeoning endowment and prominent professors expanded the universitys scope. Rapid enrollment growth continued as new schools were begun and the undergraduate College expanded. Radcliffe College, established in 1879 as sister school of Harvard College, Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900. In the early 20th century, the student body was predominately old-stock, high-status Protestants, especially Episcopalians, Congregationalists, by the 1970s it was much more diversified
25.
Teen Vogue
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Teen Vogue is a US magazine which was launched in 2004 as a sister publication to Vogue, targeted at teenage girls. Like Vogue, it includes stories about fashion and celebrities, since 2015, the magazine has moved its focus away from shopping and fashion features into more topical content, including politics and current affairs. Teen Vogue was established in 2003, as a spinoff of Vogue, the magazine is published in a smaller 6¾x9 format to afford it more visibility on shelves and some flexibility getting into a digest size slot at checkout stands. In May 2016, Elaine Welteroth was appointed as editor, replacing the founding editor-in-chief Amy Astley and her appointment at 29 saw her become the youngest editor-in-chief in Condé Nasts history, and the second African-American. She works closely with digital editorial director Phillip Picardi and creative director Marie Suter, in November 2016, it was announced Teen Vogue would start publishing quarterly, following the Dec/Jan 2017 issue. In December 2016, the published an opinion article by Lauren Duca. List of Teen Vogue cover models Official website Teen Vogue – magazine profile at Fashion Model Directory
26.
Hillary Clinton
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Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician who was the 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, U. S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, and the Democratic Partys nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election. Born in Chicago, Illinois, and raised in the Chicago suburb of Park Ridge, Clinton graduated from Wellesley College in 1969, after serving as a congressional legal counsel, she moved to Arkansas and married Bill Clinton in 1975. In 1977, she co-founded Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families and she was appointed the first female chair of the Legal Services Corporation in 1978 and became the first female partner at Rose Law Firm the following year. As First Lady of Arkansas, she led a force whose recommendations helped reform Arkansass public schools. As First Lady of the United States, Clinton fought for gender equality, because her marriage survived the Lewinsky scandal, her role as first lady drew a polarized response from the public. Clinton was elected in 2000 as the first female senator from New York and she was re-elected to the Senate in 2006. Running for president in 2008, she won far more delegates than any previous female candidate, as Secretary of State in the Obama administration from 2009 to 2013, Clinton responded to the Arab Spring, during which she advocated the U. S. military intervention in Libya. Leaving office after Obamas first term, she wrote her book and undertook speaking engagements. Clinton made a presidential run in 2016. She became the first female candidate to be nominated for president by a major U. S. political party, despite winning a plurality of the national popular vote, Clinton lost the Electoral College and the presidency to her Republican rival Donald Trump. Hillary Diane Rodham was born on October 26,1947, at Edgewater Hospital in Chicago, Illinois. In 1995, Clinton claimed that her mother had named her after Sir Edmund Hillary, co-first mountaineer to scale Mount Everest, however, the Everest climb did not take place until 1953, more than five years after Clinton was born. Clinton was raised in a United Methodist family, living first in Chicago and her father, Hugh Ellsworth Rodham, was of English and Welsh descent, and managed a small but successful textile business. Her mother, Dorothy Emma Howell, was a homemaker of Dutch, English, French Canadian, Scottish, Clinton has two younger brothers, Hugh and Tony. As a child, Rodham was a student of her teachers at the public schools that she attended in Park Ridge. She participated in such as swimming and baseball, and earned numerous badges as a Brownie. She attended Maine East High School, where she participated in the student council, the school newspaper, and was selected for the National Honor Society
27.
Salt (2010 film)
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Salt is a 2010 American action thriller film directed by Phillip Noyce, written by Kurt Wimmer, and starring Angelina Jolie, Liev Schreiber, Daniel Olbrychski, August Diehl and Chiwetel Ejiofor. Jolie plays Evelyn Salt, who is accused of being a Russian sleeper agent, originally written with a male protagonist, with Tom Cruise initially secured for the lead, the script was ultimately rewritten by Brian Helgeland for Jolie. Filming took place on location in Washington, D. C. the New York City area, action scenes were primarily performed with practical stunts, computer-generated imagery being used mostly for creating digital environments. The film had a panel at the San Diego Comic-Con on July 22 and was released in North America on July 23,2010, the DVD and Blu-ray Disc were released December 21,2010, and featured two alternate cuts providing different endings for the film. Evelyn Salt is being tortured in a North Korean prison on suspicion of being an American spy and her boyfriend, arachnologist Mike Krause, generates so much publicity that the CIA is forced to arrange a prisoner exchange, despite the agencys policy against it. Salts CIA colleague Ted Winter greets Salt at the border, as they drive away, Mike proposes marriage, despite Salts admission that she is in fact a CIA operative. Two years later, on Salt and Mikes wedding anniversary, a Russian defector named Oleg Vasilyevich Orlov walks in to Salts office, Salt interrogates him, with Winter and CIA counterintelligence officer Darryl Peabody observing. Orlov reveals that KA-12 is named Evelyn Salt, and lie detectors confirm his entire story, Peabody orders Salt be detained, while Orlov kills two agents and escapes. In the confusion, Salt is able to escape from the building, running barefoot through the street, while the CIA is searching for her, she discovers that her husband was kidnapped. Later at the funeral, Salt appears to succeed in killing President Matveyev, Salt escapes again and heads to a barge where Orlov is hiding with other sleeper agents. In a series of flashbacks, Salt recalls growing up in the Soviet Union, on the barge, Orlov welcomes her back and has Mike killed in front of her. When Salt shows no reaction, Orlov is convinced she is loyal and she is to rendezvous with another KA who will help her assassinate the American president. She then meets with KA Shnaider, who uses his cover as a NATO liaison to get Salt into the White House, once inside, Shnaider launches a suicide attack to force agents to move the President to an underground bunker, accompanied by Winter. Salt follows them and manages to enter the bunker before it is sealed, the U. S. President learns that Russia has mobilized its nuclear arsenal in response to their presidents death. He orders American nuclear weapons readied in response, CIA Agent Winter suddenly kills everyone except the President and introduces himself as Nikolai Tarkovsky, another member of the KA. Winter incapacitates the President and begins aiming nuclear missiles at Mecca, Winter refuses her entry and reveals that Mikes kidnapping and her blown cover were his idea. Winter plans to place blame for the nuclear attacks on Salt. Salt breaks into the room before he can launch the missiles, the two wrestle for control of the nuclear football, with Salt aborting the missile strikes before being captured
28.
Unthinkable
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Unthinkable is a 2010 American thriller film directed by Gregor Jordan and starring Samuel L. Jackson, Michael Sheen and Carrie-Anne Moss. It was released direct-to-video on June 14,2010, the film is noteworthy for the controversy it generated around its subject matter, the torture of a man who threatens to detonate three nuclear bombs in separate U. S. cities. An American Muslim man and former Delta Force operator, Yusuf and they are shown Yusufs complete tape, where he threatens to detonate three nuclear bombs in separate U. S. cities if his demands are not met. A special interrogator, H, is brought in to force Yusuf to reveal the locations of the nuclear bombs, H quickly shows his capability and cruelty by chopping off one of Yusufs fingers with a small hatchet. Horrified, Special Agent Brody attempts to put a stop to the measures and her superiors make it clear that the potentially disastrous consequences necessitate these extreme measures. As the plot unfolds, H escalates his methods, Brody realizes that Yusuf anticipated that he would be tortured. The group immediately dismisses the possibility of his demands being met, when Brody accuses Yusuf of faking the bomb threat in order to make a point about the moral character of the United States government, he breaks down and agrees that it was all a ruse. He gives her an address to prove it and they find a room that matches the scene in the video tape and find evidence on the roof. A soldier removes a picture from a switch which triggers a tremendous C-4 explosion at a nearby shopping mall visible from the roof. Angry at the deaths, Brody returns to Yusuf and cuts his chest with a scalpel. Yusuf is unafraid and demands she cut him and he justifies the deaths in the shopping mall, stating that the Americans kill that many people every day. Yusuf says he allowed himself to be caught so he could face his oppressors, H questions whether Yusuf will reveal the bombs location unless Yusufs wife is found. When she is detained, H brings her in front of her husband, Brody and the others begin to take her away from the room in disgust. Out of desperation, H slashes her throat and she bleeds to death in front of Yusuf, still without cooperation, H tells the soldiers to bring in Yusufs two children, a young boy and a girl. Outside of Yusufs hearing, he assures everyone that he will not harm the children, Yusufs children are brought in and H makes it clear that he will torture them if the locations of the bombs are not divulged. Yusuf breaks and gives three addresses, but H does not stop, forcing the others to intervene, citing the amount of missing nuclear material Yusuf potentially had at his disposal, H insists that Yusuf has not admitted anything about a hence-unreferenced fourth bomb. H points out that everything Yusuf has done so far has been planned meticulously and he knew the torture would most likely break him, and he would have been certain to plant a fourth bomb, just in case. The purpose of the torture was not to break Yusuf
29.
Butter (2011 film)
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It was released on October 5,2012 in the United States and Canada by The Weinstein Company. The film is said to be a satire of the 2008 Democratic presidential primary, Butter received mixed reviews from critics who questioned Smiths direction of the films script in terms of humor and satire and the performances from the ensemble cast. Destiny is a foster child in Iowa who gets placed with Ethan. Bob had won the fairs butter-sculpture contest for the past 15 years straight, because of his dominance, Bobs wife Laura, overly competitive and socially ambitious, goes to the home of the competitions organizer to protest. Bob goes to a club and solicits stripper Brooke for sex in his minivan. Laura discovers them and T-bones the van with her SUV, Laura decides to enter the countys preliminary sculpture competition herself because of the social status that comes with winning. Destiny decides to enter as well, as does Brooke, who just wants to harass the Picklers because Bob owes her $600, despite practice, Laura comes in second to Destiny. When Brooke appears at the Picklers seeking her money, Bobs daughter Kaitlin admits her, after talking a bit, Kaitlin challenges Brooke to a game of truth-or-dare which escalates to them having sex. Kaitlin is drawn to Brookes alternative style and attitude, Brooke just wants the money, while this is going on, Kaitlins stepmom Laura is hooking up with Boyd Bolton, an old high-school boyfriend who is now a used-car salesman. Shes seducing him to get him to testify to county officials that Ethan paid him to help Destiny in the competition. Laura suggests a rematch at the state fair, Destiny agrees, everyone else is disgruntled. Brooke gets her money from infatuated Kaitlin, meets Destiny after school, when Destiny gets home, a social worker informs her that her biological mother has died. At the state fair, Laura carves a replica of John F and that night before the judging, Boyd sneaks into the butter-sculpture room and defaces Destinys sculpture with a blowtorch. Destiny, disappointed and expecting to lose now, encounters Laura in the restroom, Laura tells Destiny that winning the butter-sculpting contest means more to her than the little girl can comprehend. Laura feels she has little opportunity to distinguish herself otherwise, while Destiny has talent, despite the damage, Destinys sculpture wins. The sabotage of the piece is recognized as higher art, as the judges believe the melted face lends the butter sculpture a greater depth. Destiny goes on to win in the competition, where judges give a positive critique on her piece. Upon her victory, Destiny assures Laura that the butter-carving contest is not all that you have, Laura kneels down to Destiny and hugs her, understanding that she must move on to greater triumphs that are her own
30.
Alex Cross (film)
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Alex Cross is a 2012 American crime/action-thriller film directed by Rob Cohen and starring Tyler Perry as the title character and Matthew Fox as the villain Picasso. The adapted screenplay was written by Marc Moss and Kerry Williamson and this is the third film appearance of the character Alex Cross, the lead of a series of novels by James Patterson. Cross was previously portrayed by Morgan Freeman in Kiss the Girls, in 2010, Idris Elba was hired to play Cross, but was replaced by Perry. Filming took place in 2011, and Alex Cross was released on October 19,2012 in the United States, dr. Alex Cross is a psychologist and police lieutenant who lives in Detroit with his wife Maria and their children. After learning Maria is pregnant, Cross considers accepting a job as an FBI profiler, meanwhile, a man participates in an underground fighting match and seduces businesswoman Fan Yau. The man is invited to Yaus house, where he kills her, at the crime scene, Cross finds a charcoal sketch left behind by the killer in the style of the artist Picasso, leading to the murderer being nicknamed after him. While examining the sketch, Cross deduces that Picassos next target is German businessman Erich Nunemarcher, Picasso attempts to kill Nunemarcher but is foiled by Cross, and escapes after being shot by Crosss partner Tommy Kane. Cross deduces that Picasso also plans to target billionaire CEO Giles Mercier, as revenge for foiling his attack on Nunemarcher, Picasso attacks Cross and Kanes colleague, Monica Ashe, torturing her to death. Picasso then tracks down Cross, who is on a date with Maria, Picasso targets Nunemarcher and Mercier at a conference, killing Nunemarcher and seemingly Mercier. Cross and Kane track Picasso to the abandoned Michigan Theater, as Cross and Picasso fight, they fall through the crumbling theater ceiling. Picasso falls to his death, but Kane helps pull Cross to safety, Cross deduces Picassos employer was Mercier himself. After Cross frames Mercier for drug smuggling, Mercier is arrested in Indonesia, having avenged Marias murder, Cross decides to accept the job offer from the FBI and move to Washington with his family. A reboot of the Alex Cross character began development in 2010, with a screenplay by Kerry Williamson, david Twohy was attached as director, and was set to rewrite the screenplay. In August 2010, Idris Elba was cast as Cross, towards the end of 2010, QED International purchased the rights, and initial screenplay by Williamson and Patterson. By January 2011, Tyler Perry had replaced Elba in the starring role, QED set Marc Moss, who worked on the previous Alex Cross films, to refine the screenplay for Perry and Cohen. With a production budget of $35 million, filming began on August 8,2011 in Cleveland, Ohio, filming locations in northeast Ohio served as a backdrop to Detroit, Michigan, where the character works for the Detroit Police Department. After Ohio, filming took place in Detroit itself for two weeks. Fox developed a muscular physique for his role as Picasso
31.
Smallfoot (film)
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Animation is the animation division of Warner Bros. The studio is closely associated with the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies characters, the studio is the successor to Warner Bros. Cartoons, the studio which produced Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoon shorts from 1933 to 1963, Warner reestablished its own animation division in 1980 to produce Looney Tunes–related works. Animation has primarily focused upon the production of television and feature animation of other properties, cartoons studio, as well as all of Warner Bros. short subject production divisions, closed in 1969 due to the rising costs and declining returns of short subject production. Outside animation companies were hired to produce new Looney Tunes-related animation for TV specials and commercials at irregular intervals, Cartoon alumnus Chuck Jones began producing a series of Looney Tunes specials at his Chuck Jones Productions animation studio, the first of which was Carnival of the Animals. These specials, and a 1975 Looney Tunes retrospective feature film titled Bugs Bunny, Superstar and this film blended classic Looney Tunes/Merrie Melodies shorts with newly produced wraparounds of Bugs Bunny introducing each cartoon. Warner Bros. responded to the success of film by reestablishing its own cartoon studio. Animation opened its doors in 1980 to produce films and television specials starring the Looney Tunes characters. The new wraparounds for The Looney Looney Looney Bugs Bunny Movie, Bugs Bunnys 3rd Movie,1001 Rabbit Tales, Animation staff, composed mainly of veterans from the golden age of WB cartoons, including writers John Dunn and Dave Detiege. By 1986, Freleng had departed, and Hal Geer also stepped down the following year, many of these shorts, as well as the new footage in the compilation film Daffy Ducks Quackbusters, were directed by Greg Ford and Terry Lennon, as well as Darrell Van Citters. Beginning in 1986, Warner Bros. moved into television animation production. A studio for the unit was set up in the office tower of the Imperial Bank Building adjacent to the Sherman Oaks Galleria northwest of Los Angeles. Darrell Van Citters, who used to work at Disney, would work on the newer Bugs Bunny shorts, later Amblin/Warner Bros. television shows, including Animaniacs, its spin-off Pinky and the Brain, and Freakazoid. Followed in continuing the Looney Tunes tradition of cartoon humor, Animation also began developing shows based upon comic book characters owned by sister company DC Comics. These shows were part of the DC animated universe, a Batman spin-off feature, Mask of the Phantasm, was produced in 1993 and bumped up to theatrical release. The film was near universally-well received by critics but performed poorly at the box-office, in 1991, Warner Bros. distributed its first animated film, Rover Dangerfield. Its title character is a dog whose look and mannerisms are inspired by his voice actor Rodney Dangerfield, the film received mixed reviews and under-performed at the box office due to lack of promotion. Three years later, Warner distributed Don Bluths Thumbelina, which received mixed reviews from critics
32.
Entourage (U.S. TV series)
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Entourage is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on HBO on July 18,2004 and concluded on September 11,2011, after eight seasons. Mark Wahlberg and Stephen Levinson served as the executive producers. The series deals with themes of friendship and real-life situations in modern-day Hollywood. The show is known for its array of guests, having featured several actors, athletes. According to Mark Wahlberg, Entourage was initially conceived when his assistant asked if he could film Wahlberg and his friends, other reports credit Eric Weinstein, a long-time friend of Wahlberg, with the idea of filming the actors group of friends. However, according to Donnie Carroll, who was the inspiration for the Turtle character and it had originated as a book idea, centered on Carrolls own life and his experiences with Wahlberg, titled From the Hood to Hollywood, A Soldiers Story. Vincent Chase was envisioned to be similar to Wahlberg. A lighter approach was subsequently decided upon and his best friend and manager is Eric Murphy. E, as his friends call him, is based on Mark Wahlbergs friend, hes also been reported to be inspired by Stephen Levinson, Mark Wahlbergs manager. Vincents older half-brother, Johnny Drama Chase, is Vinces personal chef, trainer, Johnny is a C-list actor who was in the fictional show Viking Quest during his younger days. His role in the new hit show Five Towns had begun to resurrect his fame and career. As the show went on, Drama got offers for more and more roles, the show ended with Drama having his own animated TV show called Johnnys Bananas and him landing a new TV movie with the help of Vince. Dramas character is based on Johnny Drama Alves, whom Donnie Wahlberg had hired to keep his brother out of trouble. Rounding out the entourage of friends is Salvatore Turtle Assante, who is another of Vinces old friends from childhood, Turtles official role is as Vinces driver and assistant, though his value as such is often brought into question. This character is based on Wahlbergs former gofer Donnie Carroll aka Donkey, Carroll auditioned for the role, but the Boston native was turned down when it was decided the actors would have to be New Yorkers. Carroll died on December 18,2005, after an asthma attack, Ari Gold is Vinces abrasive but lovable agent. The role has led to several nominations and Emmy Awards for Piven, Ari is based on Wahlbergs real-life agent Ari Emanuel. Connolly, Grenier, Dillon, Ferrara, and Piven are credited in episode in the opening credits of the entire series
33.
In the Motherhood
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In the Motherhood is an American television sitcom that debuted on ABC as a midseason entry and ran from March 26 to June 25,2009. The series was produced by ABC Studios in association with Spud TV, the series focused on Rosemary, Jane, and Emily, loosely inspired by real-life everyday moms. Rosemary, who has married numerous times but currently single, is a fast and loose free-wheeling mom with a teenaged son, Sid. Rosemary’s best friend, Jane, is a divorced mother of two girls, pre-teen Annie, and eight-month-old Sophie. As she tries to keep her career and home afloat, Jane has also hired a manny, Horatio, Horatio also has the ability to communicate with Sophie and believes she is the only person that really gets him. Jane’s younger sister, Emily, is a model stay-at-home-super-mom for her two children, Esther and Bill. Emily also believes in perfection which she sees as key to her family life and her home is a work of art, and her kids are polite and sweet. Emily is married to Jason, the breadwinner in the family, Cheryl Hines as Jane Megan Mullally as Rosemary Matt Prokop as Luke Horatio Sanz as Horatio Jessica St. The success of the led to ABCs announcement to order 7 initial episodes for the 2008-2009 TV season after the premiere. Sprint and Suave had an involvement in the series as well, but on November 24,2008, TV Guide reported that the series would instead star Megan Mullally and Cheryl Hines. In addition, Horatio Sanz and Jessica St. Clair had also been cast, with Sanz playing Hiness manny and St. Clair playing Hiness intimidating younger sister, handler decided to drop out of the project due to scheduling commitments to her E. show Chelsea Lately. On April 30,2009, ABC announced that it was pulling the series in the difference between Ugly Betty and Samantha Who. Followed by the return of Ugly Betty to the schedule while on May 15,2009, ABC announced that In the Motherhood would return once again, to burn off the remaining episodes. But on June 30,2009, ABC announced that they pulled In the Motherhood and instead doubled up on Samantha Who. for Thursday, July 2 and Thursday, July 9 at 8, 30PM Eastern/7, 30PM Central. In the Motherhood at the Internet Movie Database In the Motherhood at the Internet Movie Database In the Motherhood at TV. com SitcomsOnline. com Review
34.
Cold Case
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Cold Case is an American police procedural television series which ran on CBS from September 28,2003 to May 2,2010. The series revolved around a fictionalized Philadelphia Police Department division that specializes in investigating cold cases, on May 18,2010, CBS announced that the series had been canceled. The series aired in syndication, and also on Ion Television in the U. S. sleuth also aired the series occasionally. In 2011, the show aired on MyNetworkTV, rush was initially partnered with Detective Chris Lassing in the first five episodes and then with Detective Scotty Valens for the remainder of the series. They work under Lieutenant John Stillman and are assisted by other detectives from their squad—Nick Vera, Will Jeffries, usually, each episode would focus on a single investigation. All cases involved murders committed in Philadelphia, although investigations occasionally required travel outside the city, cases were also spread out over much of the previous century, with some as recent as a year or two old and others dating back to the 1910s. Generally, an investigation would begin when the received a new lead. In some cases, the lack of a body meant that it was unclear if a crime had even occurred. Over the course of the episode, the detectives would interview witnesses associated with the crime and these interviews were accompanied by flashback sequences to the time of the murder which dramatized the testimony. Witness testimony, even people who would later be revealed as the killer, was almost never false. At most the guilty party would lie by omission, leaving out critical details, the witness testimony was also generally presented in chronological order so that it formed a cohesive linear story for the audience. This was done with different actors as children or much younger selves especially if the year in question was well in the past. If it was judged that the character was not likely to have altered in appearance significantly except for weight and gray hair and this was not just with the guest actors themselves but sometimes with the detectives as well if they had any involvement in the original investigation. Detective Jeffries for example had flashbacks to himself as a child in two episodes and a detective in another. The scene would show the details with exceptions having to do with the utter heinousness of the motive of the crime such as rape or sexual assault. The police would be shown arresting the killer and walking them into custody, the killer and other characters in the story would be seen as flashing back to their younger selves and as now. The spirit of the victim would be either by Lilly. This would be accompanied by the playing of a song meant to symbolize the period in which the killing took place, through the flashbacks, the show examined many issues related to 20th century history, including, racism, homophobia, sexism, abortion, and police brutality
35.
Wizards of Waverly Place
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Wizards of Waverly Place is an American fantasy teen sitcom which ran from October 12,2007 to January 6,2012 on Disney Channel. The series was created by Todd J. Greenwald, and stars Selena Gomez, David Henrie, further main cast includes Jennifer Stone, Maria Canals Barrera, and David DeLuise. The series won Outstanding Childrens Program at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards in 2009, a film adaptation of the series, Wizards of Waverly Place, The Movie, premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on August 28,2009. The film adaptation won Outstanding Childrens Program at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards earning the series its second consecutive Emmy, the farewell season won Outstanding Childrens Program at the 64th Primetime Emmy Awards bringing the franchises total to three Emmy awards. Wizards of Waverly Place ended with 106 episodes over four seasons and its series finale averaged nearly 10 million viewers, which made that episode the most-watched series finale in Disney Channels history. On March 15,2013, The Wizards Return, Alex vs. Alex premiered as a television special. Wizards of Waverly Place chronicles the adventures of the Russo Family, the Russos live on Waverly Place in Manhattans Greenwich Village, above a sandwich shop which they own and run. The family consists of siblings Alex, Justin, and Max, the three teenagers are wizards and live with their Italian father, Jerry, a former family wizard, and their mortal Mexican mother, Theresa. Because of this, Jerry tries to teach his children to not become dependent on magic, since one of them gets to keep their powers, though, Jerry also gives his children wizard lessons. The storage room of the Russo familys sub station is a wizards lair, in the lair is a Portal which allows them to visit the wizard world, and other creatures to visit them. The headmaster of the council, Professor Crumbs, regularly pays visits to the Russo home. The Russo siblings attend Tribeca Preparatory School and constantly encounter their Old West style principal, because they live in the mortal world, the Russos are required to keep the existence of wizardry a secret. Even so, Alexs best friend, Harper Finkle, discovers the secret in Season 2s episode Harper Knows, Selena Gomez as Alex Russo David Henrie as Justin Russo Jake T. Justin takes Alex and Max on a cruise to Hawaii aboard the SS Tipton when he wins tickets and he pretends to be a doctor to impress London Tipton while Alex uses magic to bring Harper on the ship. During the cruise, Alex pulls a prank on Justin that turns him blue while Hannah Montana boards the ship to attend a concert in Hawaii, leading Cody to try to get tickets for himself and Bailey. The Disney Channel Original Movie, based on the series, premiered on August 28,2009 on Disney Channel. Wizards of Waverly Place, The Movie was filmed in Puerto Rico in the caribe Hilton hotel, Los Angeles, the movie received 11.4 million viewers on its premiere, making it the second-most-viewed DCOM premiere in the US after High School Musical 2. It was the 7th most watched basic cable telecast in 2009 and it won a Primetime Emmy Award in 2010 for Outstanding Childrens Program
36.
Lie to Me
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Lie to Me is an American crime drama television series. It originally ran on the Fox network from January 21,2009 to January 31,2011, in May 2009, the show was renewed for a second season consisting of 13 episodes, Season two premiered on September 28,2009. On November 24,2009, Fox ordered an extra nine episodes for two, bringing the season order to 22 episodes. On May 12,2010, Entertainment Weekly reported that Lie to Me received a 13-episode third season pick-up, the third season of Lie to Me was originally set to premiere on November 10,2010. On September 28,2010, the date was moved up to October 4,2010, Lie to Me was officially canceled by Fox on May 11,2011. Dr. Ekman has served as an advisor to police departments and anti-terrorism groups and he is also the author of 15 books, including Telling Lies and Emotions Revealed. Though often confronted by peoples skepticism, Lightman uses any technique he deems necessary to reach the truth and he is divorced and shares custody of his teenage daughter. His mother committed suicide while he was young, an event that led him to discovering and researching microexpressions. There is evidence he was involved with British Intelligence in Northern Ireland and he has also admitted to being an MI6 intelligence agent during the Yugoslav Wars in an attempt to gain the trust of an intelligence agent that he was interrogating. Lightman is a West Ham United supporter as he himself in Season 2. He can also be wearing a Claret and Blue scarf in one of the later episodes of Season 2. The character is based on Dr. Paul Ekman, a psychologist and expert on language and facial expressions at University of California. Kelli Williams as Dr. Gillian Foster, Dr. Lightmans psychologist colleague in The Lightman Group who analyses patterns of voice, language and she can be somewhat impulsive but is very professional with the clients and subjects in public. While she occasionally disagrees with some of Lightmans actions, she has a pact with Lightman. Her husbands lack of candor often challenges this, When Cal believes her husband, Alec, is cheating on her, he ignores what he is seeing. It is later revealed that he was not cheating on her but was trying to overcome his drug addiction, Gillian had adopted a baby who was eventually returned to the birth mother. This character is based on Dr. Maureen O’Sullivan, Emeritus Professor of Psychology at the University of San Francisco, brendan Hines as Eli Loker, an employee of The Lightman Group. Unlike Torres, whom Lightman calls a natural, Loker acquired his skills in reading people through academic education, during Season 1, he also adheres to Radical Honesty and thus rarely lies, even if that makes him appear rude or undiplomatic
37.
$h*! My Dad Says
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My Dad Says is an American television sitcom produced by Warner Bros. It was based on the Twitter feed Shit My Dad Says, created by Justin Halpern and consisting of quotations from his father, Sam. The show originally ran from September 23,2010, to February 17,2011, after 18 episodes aired, the series was replaced in mid-season by Rules of Engagement which had moved to Thursdays from Mondays. On May 15,2011, CBS announced that it had canceled $#*, Ed is a very opinionated 72-year-old who has been divorced three times. His two adult sons, Henry and Vince, are accustomed to his unsolicited and often politically incorrect rants. When Henry, a writer and blogger, can no longer afford his rent, he is forced to move back in with Ed. As weeks go by Henry is unable to find a job as a writer and he finally lands a job, when during his interview Ed interrupts with an irrational phone call that sparks the interest of the eccentric editor conducting the interview. Henry is ultimately hired, but is forced to continue living with Ed in order to have readily-available material via his fathers unsolicited rants, William Shatner as Dr. William Shatner landed the lead role in late February 2010, which triggered a green-light to produce the pilot. Nicole Sullivan and Ryan Devlin came on board in early March, casting was completed with the addition of Will Sasso as Vince and Stephanie Lemelin as Sam later that month. The series was picked up by CBS in May 2010, with saying that the role of Henry would be recast. In July, Jonathan Sadowski was cast in the role, the character Sam was eliminated, never appearing in the broadcast pilot or subsequent episodes. My Dad Says received negative reviews, with Metacritic assigning it a score of 28/100, over 12 million viewers watched the premiere, although the next two episodes lost nearly 20% of that audience. The fourth and fifth episodes improved in ratings, being 10.16 million and 10.91 million respectively, the show won the award for Favorite New TV Comedy at the 37th Peoples Choice Awards on January 5,2011. The title of the broadcast series was modified from the material in order to comply with Federal Communications Commission regulations on the use of profane language during prime time. The profanity was also toned down and modified from Halperns Twitter feeds, on May 19,2010, CBS announced the shows official name and 8,30 pm time slot at its upfront presentation of the fall 2010 schedule. Addressing reporters concerns regarding the title, the network assured them that the expletive would not be used in promos, soon thereafter, the Parents Television Council announced that it was protesting the title because it alluded to an obscenity. The PTC threatened CBS with broadcast license challenges for any affiliate airing the show or its promos before 10 pm, responding to the controversy, CBS stated, will in no way be indecent and will adhere to all CBS standards. Parents who choose to do so will find the show can be blocked using their V Chip
38.
The Cape (2011 TV series)
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It moved to its regular time slot, Mondays at 9,00 pm, on January 17. NBC subsequently cut the number of episodes to be aired from 13 to 10 as a result of low ratings. On March 2,2011, NBC announced that the finale would only be aired on the networks website. He is taken in by Max Malini, the ringleader of a circus who trains him with the abilities of a superhero. Determined to clear his name and be reunited with his family, Faraday takes on the guise of his sons favorite comic book hero, official website List of The Cape episodes at the Internet Movie Database List of The Cape episodes at TV. com
39.
Family Guy
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Family Guy is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series centers on the Griffins, a family consisting of parents Peter and Lois, their children Meg, Chris, and Stewie, and their anthropomorphic pet dog Brian. The show is set in the city of Quahog, Rhode Island. The family was conceived by MacFarlane after developing two animated films, The Life of Larry and Larry & Steve, MacFarlane redesigned the films protagonist, Larry, and his dog, Steve, and renamed them Peter and Brian, respectively. MacFarlane pitched a pilot to Fox in 1998, and the show was greenlit. Shortly after the season of Family Guy had aired in 2002, Fox canceled the series. Adult Swim burned off the episode in 2003, finishing the original run. However, favorable DVD sales and high ratings for syndicated reruns on Adult Swim convinced the network to renew the show in 2004 for a fourth season, since its debut on January 31,1999,286 episodes of Family Guy have been broadcast. Its fifteenth season began on September 25,2016, Family Guy has been nominated for 12 Primetime Emmy Awards and 11 Annie Awards, and has won three of each. In 2009, it was nominated for an Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series, Family Guy has also received criticism, including unfavorable comparisons to The Simpsons. In 2008, MacFarlane confirmed that the cast was interested in producing a feature film, a spin-off series, The Cleveland Show, featuring Cleveland Brown, aired from September 27,2009, to May 19,2013. The Simpsons Guy, an episode with The Simpsons, aired on September 28,2014. Family Guy is a joint production by Fuzzy Door Productions and 20th Century Fox Television, in 2013, TV Guide ranked Family Guy the ninth Greatest TV Cartoon of All Time. On May 15,2016, Family Guy was renewed for a fifteenth season, living with the family is their witty, smoking, martini-swilling, sarcastic, English-speaking anthropomorphic dog Brian, though he is still considered a pet in many respects. Recurring characters appear alongside the Griffin family, TV news anchors Tom Tucker and Diane Simmons, Asian reporter Tricia Takanawa, and Blaccu-Weather meteorologist Ollie Williams also make frequent appearances. Actors Adam West and James Woods guest star as themselves in various episodes, the primary setting of Family Guy is Quahog, a fictional district of Providence, Rhode Island that was founded by Peters ancestor Griffin Peterson. MacFarlane resided in Providence during his time as a student at Rhode Island School of Design, MacFarlane often borrows the names of Rhode Island locations and icons such as Pawtucket and Buddy Cianci for use in the show. MacFarlane, in an interview with a program on WNAC-TV, Channel 64 in Providence, stated that the town is modeled after Cranston
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Rip City
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There are several well-known and commonly used nicknames referring to Portland, Oregon. The official, and also most common, nickname for Portland is The City of Roses or Rose City, the first known reference to Portland as The City of Roses was made by visitors to an 1888 Episcopal Church convention. In 1889, the Portland Rose Society was founded, and promoted the planting of 20 miles of Portlands streets with roses in advance of the 1905 Lewis, the nickname grew in popularity after the exposition, where Mayor Harry Lane suggested that the city needed a festival of roses. The nickname is often attributed to Leo Samuel, who founded the Oregon Life Insurance Company in 1906, Samuel, who moved to Portland in 1871, grew roses outside his home. He placed a pair of shears outside his garden so people could snip a rose from his garden to take for themselves and this encouraged other people and businesses to plant their own roses outside their homes and business. Today, roses are planted outside the Standard Insurance Companys home office building in downtown Portland. The first Portland Rose Festival was held in 1907, and remains the major annual festival more than a century later. In 1917, the International Rose Test Garden was established, and it is the oldest continuously operating public rose test garden in the United States. The City of Roses nickname inspired the name for the four-year-old female Asian elephant who arrived in 1953, the first elephant ever to live in Oregon, she remained the matriarch of the Oregon Zoos herd and gave birth to six calves before her death in 1993. On August 31,1994, her daughter Me-Tu became the first elephant in North America to have twins, on August 23,2008, her granddaughter Rose-Tu gave birth to Samudra, the first third-generation elephant born in the United States. On June 18,2003, the city unanimously approved a resolution adopting City of Roses as the citys official nickname. There are many cities and towns known as Rose City or The City of Roses. Portland is known as Bridgetown or Bridge City due to numerous bridges crossing the Willamette, the river width spanned varies from 850 to 7,850 feet, and all of the bridges also span shoreline roads, paths, or other ground at each shore. In total, there are bridges over the Willamette, including nine in the central area. Staffers of former U. S. President George H. W. Bush used to refer to Portland as Little Beirut because of the protesters he encountered during his visits, Portland is sometimes affectionately called P-Town by some locals. The nickname Rip City is usually used in the context of the citys NBA team, the term was coined by the teams play-by-play announcer Bill Schonely during a game against the Los Angeles Lakers on February 18,1971, the Blazers first season. Schonely admits that he has no idea how he came up with the expression, but it became synonymous with the team, stumptown was coined in a period of phenomenal growth in Portland after 1847. The city was growing so rapidly that the stumps of cut down to make way for roads were left behind until manpower could be spared to remove them
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The Finder (U.S. TV series)
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The Finder is an American procedural drama television series created by Hart Hanson that ran on Fox from January 12,2012 to May 11,2012. The series originally aired on Thursdays at 9,00 pm and it is a spin-off of another Fox television series, Bones. The backdoor pilot, entitled The Finder, aired in its sixth season and it is loosely based on The Locator series of two books by Richard Greener. On May 9,2012, Fox cancelled the show and it also served as the final television performance of Michael Clarke Duncan, who died of complications due to a heart attack on September 3,2012. Geoff Stults as Major Walter Sherman, U. S. Army and his brain uses Walter Math to explain these things to him. In the backdoor pilot, in Bones, FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth calls Walters gift The Finder Power, while Leo Knox calls it Darna Shellah, because of his ability to find anything, a lot of powerful and influential people now owe him favors. Walters catchphrase, as such, is Imma risk it where he makes a decision even after Leo legally advises him otherwise. In the pilot, it is revealed that he and Booth have history and he has a habit of sometimes taking before-and-after polaroids of clients. Walter has the knack of finding out things that his clients didnt want to know by finding what people are really looking for. He is depicted as being younger than his counterpart, having never been married. Walters original literary incarnation served in Vietnam and never suffered brain damage, Michael Clarke Duncan as Leo Knox, a widower and former attorney. He owns the bar, The Ends of the Earth, located on Looking Glass Key, and he serves as Walters manager and legal advisor. Leo is also known for his quoting of religious literature, particularly Buddhism and he calls Walters power Darna Shellah and Akashvani. According to Leo, he owes Walter his life,3, A Cinderella Story, it is revealed that Leo lost his family, to E. coli poisoning. He is based on the character Leonard Martin in The Knowland Retribution, while Walters antics frequently get on her nerves, she and Walter have a friends with benefits arrangement. Isabel has ambitions of being the first Latina United States Attorney General, while she works as a Deputy U. S. Marshal during the day to gain experience, she attends Law school at night. It is her intention to be eating dinner in the White House within six years, Maddie Hasson as Willa Monday, a Romani juvenile delinquent
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Scandal (TV series)
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Scandal is an American political thriller television series starring Kerry Washington. Created by Shonda Rhimes, it debuted on ABC on April 5,2012, Kerry Washingtons character, Olivia Pope, is partially based on former George H. W. Bush administration press aide Judy Smith, who serves as a co-executive producer. The show takes place in Washington, D. C, Season 1 introduced Olivia Pope and the various members of her firm, as well as President of the United States Fitzgerald Grant III and his chief of staff Cyrus Beene. An assassination attempt is made on Fitzs life, which almost kills him, as a result, Sally takes over as President, much to Cyrus dismay. After surviving, Fitz decides to get a divorce, which Mellie tries to avoid by somehow convincing her OB/GYN to induce her labour 4 weeks early, Huck is arrested for the attempted assassination after being framed by his girlfriend Becky. After David helps Huck go free, Huck, Olivia and her team trick Becky to show up at the hospital where she is arrested, Fitz finds out that Verna was behind the assassination and kills her. At the funeral, he reveals to Olivia that he doesnt want a divorce as he is devastated after learning about the rigging from Verna, the second arc focuses on finding the mole who is leaking classified information from the White House. Olivia and the team investigate the case after figuring out that the CIA Directors suicide was actually a murder, Olivia gets to know Captain Jake Ballard, who works with the leader of B613, Rowan, who orders Jake to get close to Olivia. At the end of the season, Mellie gives Fitz an ultimatum, either he becomes loyal to her, or she goes on national television, Fitz chooses Olivia, which makes Mellie reveal the affair. As Olivia and the continue to investigate who the mole is, Huck manages to capture Charlie. They figure out that Billy is working with David, who steals the Cytron card, at the end, Olivias name is leaked to the press as being Fitzs mistress, and it is revealed that Rowan is Olivias father. After Olivias name is leaked to the press as Fitzs mistress, the firm accepts new clients in order to pay the bills. Rowan becomes more involved with Olivias life, which begins to affect her and they discover during a military action code named Operation Remington, Fitz shot down a civilian aircraft over Iceland and Olivias mother was one of over 300 casualties. Determined to find out the truth about Operation Remington, the firm investigates Rowan, Quinn starts to hang out with Charlie, who sets her up to kill a security guard who was an eye-witness to the Federal Marshals removal of the passenger. As a result of Quinns inadvertent murder, Huck tortures her, Cyrus tries his best to find dirt on Marcus in order to ruin her campaign, but fails. After Olivia finds out that Fitz shot down the plane which killed her mother, she declines the offer of being the manager for Fitzs re-election. After an incident with Marcus sister, Josephine backs out of her campaign, the second part of the season focuses more on the re-election campaign as Olivia has taken over as the campaign manager. At the same time, Sally announces that she is running for President by being an Independent, as a result, Fitz chooses the Governor of California, Andrew Nichols, as his new Vice Presidential running-mate
