Yavatmal district

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This article is about the district. For its eponymous headquarters, see Yavatmal.

Yavatmal district
District of Maharashtra
Location of Yavatmal district in Maharashtra
Location of Yavatmal district in Maharashtra
Country India
State Maharashtra
Administrative division Amravati Division
Headquarters Yavatmal
Tehsils 1.Arni, 2.Umarkhed, 3.Kalamb, 4.Pandharkawada Kelapur, 5.Ghatanji, 6.Zari Jamani, 7.Darwha, 8.Digras, 9.Ner, 10.Pusad, 11.Babhulgaon, 12.Mahagaon, 13.Maregaon, 14.Yavatmal, 15.Ralegaon 16.Wani
Government
 • District collector Ashwin Mudgal[citation needed]
 • Lok Sabha constituencies 1. Yavatmal-Washim (shared with Washim district), 2. Hingoli (shared with Hingoli district), 3. Chandrapur (shared with Chandrapur district).
 • Assembly seats 7
Area
 • Total 13,584 km2 (5,245 sq mi)
Population (2011[1])
 • Total 20,77,000
 • Density 150/km2 (400/sq mi)
 • Urban 17%
Demographics
 • Literacy 57.96%
 • Sex ratio 951 women per 1,000 men
Major highways NH7
Average annual precipitation 911.34 mm
Website Official website

Yavatmal district About this sound pronunciation (help·info), formerly known as Yeotmal, is a district of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is located in the region of Vidarbha, in the east-central part of the state. It is Vidarbha's third-largest district by population, after Nagpur and Amravati.[2] Yavatmal town is the administrative headquarters of the district. The incumbent district collector is Ashwin Mudgal.[not verified in body]

History[edit]

It is believed that Yavatmal, along with the rest of the former Berar province, was part of the legendary kingdom of Vidarbha mentioned in the Mahabharata.[citation needed] Berar also formed part of the Mauryan Empire during the reign of Ashoka (272 to 231 BCE). Berar later came under the rule of the Satavahana dynasty (2nd century BCE to 2nd century CE), the Vakataka dynasty (3rd to 6th centuries), the Chalukya dynasty (6th to 8th centuries), the Rashtrakuta dynasty (8th to 10th centuries), the Western Chalukya (10th to 12th centuries), and finally the Yadava dynasty of Devagiri (late 12th to early 14th centuries). A period of Muslim rule began when Ala ud din Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, conquered the region in the early 14th century. The region was part of the Bahmani Sultanate, which broke away from the Delhi Sultanate in the mid-14th century. The Bahmani Sultanate broke into smaller sultanates at the end of the 15th century, and in 1572 Berar became part of the Nizam Shahi sultanate, based at Ahmednagar. The Nizam Shahis ceded Berar to the Mughal Empire in 1595. As Mughal rule started to unravel at the start of the 18th century, Asaf Jah I, Nizam of Hyderabad, seized the southern provinces of the empire (including Berar) in 1724, forming an independent state.

A detailed account of Berar was added to the Ain-i-Akbari in 1596–97, immediately after the treaty of Ahmadnagar under which the province was ceded to the Mughal Empire; this account may be regarded as a description of the province as it was administered by the Nizam Sahi and Imad Sahi kings, and probably also by the Bahamanis. The account notes that Berar was divided into thirteen sarkars or revenue districts. The Yavatmal district comprised the greater part of Akbar's sarkars of Kalam and Mahur. But some few mahals of these sarkars lay beyond the present limits of the district. Yavatmal appears in the record as the headquarters of a pargana under the name of Yot-Lohara – Yot being the Urdu or Persian corruption of Yevata, the original name of the town; and Lohara the name of a village about 5 km (3 mi) to the west of Yavatmal. The suffix mal is a corruption of mahal (pargana-town). A rough estimate makes the land revenue demand in Akbar's time for the area now occupied by the district more than ten lakhs (one million) rupees, while it is certain that collection must have fallen far short of the nominal demand.

In 1853 the district, together with the rest of Berar, came under the administration of the British East India Company. Berar was divided into East Berar and West Berar with Yavatmal district included in the former. In 1864 Yavatmal, along with some other talukas, was formed into the district initially called Southeast Berar and later renamed Wani. In 1903 Berar was leased by the Nizam of Hyderabad to the British Government of India.

Cotton was invented[clarification needed] in Yavatmal by "guttsam rishi".[citation needed]

Geography[edit]

Yavatmal District is situated in the south-western part of Wardha Penganga-Wainganga Kho. The geographical location of the district falls in 19.26 and 20.42 north latitudes and 77.18 to 7.9.9 in the eastern line. Amravati and Wardha districts, from east to Chandrapur district, Andhra Pradesh and Nanded district are from the north whereas Parbhani and Akola districts are surrounded by west.[incomprehensible][3]

The district covers 13,582 km2 (5,244 sq mi) (4.41 percent of the state). The total length of the district is 190 kilometres (120 mi), and the maximum width from north to south is 160 km (100 mi). The district occupies the southeastern part of Berar.

Yavatmal district is in the southern mountain ranges of Berar, situated on a wide plain surrounded by hilly terrain and mountain ranges running east to west. The central part is a plateau 300 to 600 metres (980 to 1,970 ft) above sea level. On its northern border is the Panighat, called the valley of Berar, which is 65 to 80 kilometres (40 to 50 mi) wide; only a 8-to-12-kilometre-wide (5 to 7 mi) portion of the valley is within Yavatmal district.

The two main rivers are the Penganga and Wardha. The Wardha originates in Madhya Pradesh. The Penganga river is the main tributary of the Wardha, and marks the southern boundary of the district before joining the Wardha. The Wardha's other tributaries include the Banembala and Nirguda, which flow only during the monsoon season. Other rivers include the Bembala and Nirguda rivers on the Yavatmal Plateau.

Climate[edit]

The climate is dry and hot in summer with a cold winter. The year is divided into four seasons: summer (March to May), southwest monsoon season (June to September), northern monsoon season (October to November), and winter (December to February).

The district receives an average annual rainfall of 911.34 mm (36 in). This generally increases from west to east, with 889 mm (35 in) in the western region of the district and 1,125 mm (44 in) in the east. Almost all of the rain falls during the southwest monsoon season. In recent years heavy rainfall has destroyed crops or left the land unsuitable for planting.[4]

The average daily temperature in May reaches 42 °C (108 °F). The average daily minimum temperature is 13 °C (55 °F) in December. The district temperature may fall below 5 °C (41 °F) due to the humidity of cool northern air.

Demographics[edit]

According to the 2011 census Yavatmal district had a population of 2,775,457,[5] roughly equal to the nation of Jamaica[6] or the US state of Utah.[7] Its population ranking was 141st in India (out of a total of 640), and 21st in the state (out of 35).[5] The district had a population density of 204 inhabitants per square kilometre (530/sq mi).[5] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 12.9%.[5] Yavatmal had a sex ratio of 947 females for every 1000 males,[5] and a literacy rate of 80.7%.[5]

Languages[edit]

Marathi is the major language. Other languages spoken are Urdu, Hindi, Telugu, Gujarati, Sindhi, Banjari, Gondi, Kolami, and Andh, an Indo-Aryan language spoken by 100,000 people.[8] People here speak with the Varhadi dialect.

Religion[edit]

As per the 2001 census, 81% of the people were Hindu, 9% Buddhist and 8% Muslim.[5]

The statistics of religion show that Hindus constitute 81% of the population, Animists 13% and Muslims 5%.[citation needed] In 1991 the district had 2,568 Jains and 209 Christians.[citation needed]

Divisions[edit]

Yavatmal district forms the southeast corner of Amravati Division, which corresponds to the former British Raj province of Berar. Yavatmal town is the administrative headquarters of this district.

Yavatmal district comprises sixteen tehsils:

There are seven Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha constituencies in this district:

Notes:

Transport[edit]

National Highway 7 (NH7) passes through the district.

Economy[edit]

Jowar and cotton are the main produce of the district, cotton and teakwood the chief exports. Other items exported include lime, wooden furniture and oranges.

In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Yavatmal one of the country's 250 most-backward districts (out of a total of 640).[9] It is one of the twelve districts in Maharashtra currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[9]

Mining[edit]

The geology of the district is transitional with Deccan trap rocks (lava bed) predominating, displaying characteristic step-like hills and ridges. These have been eroded through in places, exposing older Puranic and Aryan sediments.

Forestry[edit]

Forsts are located at Bitargaon, Tipeshwar, Tiwsala, and Umbarda. Trees include teak, tendu, hirda, apta and moha, as well as bamboo. Wild-bear, deer, nilgai, sambar, hyena and peacock are among the animals found in the forests. There are wildlife sanctuaries at Tipeshwar and Painganga.

Tourism[edit]

Arni and Digras tehsils are pilgrimage locations, important for the journeys of Baba Kambalposh R.A. Shrine and Shri Ghantibaba Temple. They also have the Shri Chintamani temple of Kalamb, Ghatanji Maroti Maharaj Yatra, and the Shree Datta Jayanti festival at Jambhora Mahur.

Ner tehsil have temple like Fakiraji Maharaj Sansthan, Dhanaj Manikwada which is Grade 'B' pilgrimage place by Gramvikas Ministry of Maharashtra State Government.

Shree Chintamani Ganesh Temple is at Kalamb on the bank of the Chakravati.[10]

The district has various entrenched cultures and tribal communities, including the Gond Raja, Gond Pardhan, Kolam, Aandh and Banjara. Various religious fairs take place in the district including:

  • Fakiraji Maharaj Fair, Dhanaj Manikwada

Fakiraji Maharaj was the saint of ancient Maharashtra lived around 500-800 years ago. He blessed people of all religion. Fakiraji Maharaj worshiped by Hindu, Muslim, Buddha and other religion. Today at Dhanaj Manikwada his unique Samadhi temple is present which marks statue of 'all religion unity'. Fakiraji Maharaj Fair is arranged by temple trust two times in year.

  • Shri Chintamani Fair, Kalamb
  • The Jambhora and Mahashiv Ratri in Wani, Pusad and Mahagaon
  • Shri Rangnaath Swamy, Wani
  • Amba Devi, Kelapur
  • Baba Kambalposh R.A. Urs/Fair, Arni
  • Maroti and Gajanan Maharaj Fair, Ghatanji
  • Ghanti Baba chi Yatra, Digras

There are also forest locations for tourists and hot springs at Kapeshwar on the banks of Penganga.

References[edit]

  1. ^ http://yavatmal.nic.in/mDist_glance.htm
  2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 11 January 2010. Retrieved 17 November 2012.
  3. ^ "Yavatmal District Information" (in Marathi).
  4. ^ "Yavatmal District Information" (in Marathi).
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-30.
  6. ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 2011-10-01. Jamaica 2,868,380 July 2011 est
  7. ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-09-30. Utah 2,763,885
  8. ^ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Andh: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 2011-09-28.
  9. ^ a b Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 April 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  10. ^ "Yavatmal District Information" (in Marathi).

External links[edit]

Coordinates: 20°06′N 78°12′E / 20.1°N 78.2°E / 20.1; 78.2

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