Young Turks
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The Young Turks was a constitutionalist broad opposition movement in the late Ottoman Empire against Sultan Abdul Hamid II's absolutist regime. The most powerful organization of the movement, and the most conflated, was the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), though its goals, strategies, and membership continuously morphed throughout Abdul Hamid's reign. By the 1890s, the Young Turks were mainly a loose and contentious network of intelligentsia exiled in Western Europe and Egypt that made a living by selling their newspapers to secret subscribers.
Young Turks who attended the congress held in Paris under the chairmanship of Prince Sabahattin between 4-9 February 1902
Before the Ottoman opposition congress, which was held in the house of Germain Antoin Lefevre-Pontalis a member of the Institut de France, on February 4, 1902, and was closed to the public, with the participation of 47 delegates the Young Turk Committee
Young Turks flyer with the slogan Long live the fatherland, long live the nation, long live liberty written in Ottoman Turkish and French
Young Turk (CUP) Committee in 1909
Ottoman Turkish alphabet
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The Ottoman Turkish alphabet is a version of the Perso-Arabic script used to write Ottoman Turkish until 1928, when it was replaced by the Latin-based modern Turkish alphabet.
Atatürk introducing the new Turkish alphabet to the people of Kayseri, September 20, 1928