Zack Wheat

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Zack Wheat
Zack Wheat by Conlon, 1912.jpg
Left fielder
Born: (1888-05-23)May 23, 1888
Hamilton, Missouri
Died: March 11, 1972(1972-03-11) (aged 83)
Sedalia, Missouri
Batted: Left Threw: Right
MLB debut
September 11, 1909, for the Brooklyn Superbas
Last MLB appearance
September 21, 1927, for the Philadelphia Athletics
MLB statistics
Batting average .317
Hits 2,884
Home runs 132
Runs batted in 1,248
Teams
Career highlights and awards
Member of the National
Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg Baseball Hall of Fame Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg Empty Star.svg
Induction 1959
Election Method Veteran's Committee

Zachariah Davis "Zack" Wheat (May 23, 1888 – March 11, 1972), nicknamed "Buck",[1] was a Major League Baseball left fielder for Brooklyn in the National League. He was elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1959.

A consistent hitter throughout his 19-year career, he still holds many Dodger franchise records. Most notably, Wheat has the most hits by any player in Dodgers franchise history at 2804.[2] His brother McKinley "Mack" Wheat also played in the major leagues, and the two were teammates in Brooklyn for five seasons.[3]

Career[edit]

Born in Hamilton, Missouri, he was the son of Basil and Julia Wheat. His father was of English descent, and his mother was a full-blooded Cherokee. Wheat began his professional baseball career in 1906 for Enterprise in the Kansas League, followed by Wichita in 1907, Shreveport Pirates of the Texas League in 1908, and to round out his minor league career, he played for the Mobile Sea Gulls of the Southern Association in 1909.[4] It was during that 1909 season that the Brooklyn Superbas of the National League purchased Wheat for $1200,[4] and he made his major league debut in September.[3] He batted with a corkscrew type of swing, and held his hands down near the end of the bat, unlike most hitters during his time, a time noted as the "Dead Ball Era". Even with his consistent high levels of hitting, he was also noted for his graceful and stylish defense.[5]

What Lajoie was to infielders, Zach Wheat is to outfielders, the finest mechanical craftsman of them all... Wheat is the easiest, most graceful of outfielders with no close rivals.

Baseball Magazine, 1917[5]

Wheat played his first full season in 1910. He played every game for the Superbas that season as the regular left fielder, leading the league in games played.[3] He batted .284 that season, the second-lowest average of his career, which led the team, and was among the league leaders in hits, doubles, and triples.[5] It was in 1911 that his reputation as a slugger began to take hold. Along with hitting .287, he finished eighth in the league with 13 triples, and slugged five home runs. In an era when players rarely hit double-digit home runs for a season, five was enough for people to take notice.[5]

Wheat continued his steady and consistent climb up the batting charts in 1912, hitting .305, and finished the season among the league leaders in home runs and slugging percentage.[1] Over the next four seasons, he continued to be among the leaders of many offensive categories including home runs, batting average, slugging average, hits, doubles, triples, and RBIs. It was during the 1912 season that Wheat married Daisy Kerr Forsman, and she became his default agent, encouraging him to hold out for a better contract each season. Players in his day generally signed one-year contracts before every season. Each time Wheat held out, he received more money, the club not wanting to lose one of its best hitters and the team's most popular player.[5] This tactic of threatening to hold out served him well during throughout his career, including during the World War I era, when he raised and sold mules to the United States Army as pack animals. He claimed that he did so well, that he didn't need to play during the summer. The team, fearing that they might lose a great player during the prime of his career, succumbed to his demands every year.[5]

Zack Wheat baseball card, 1911 Gold Borders (T205)

In 1916, he topped off the string of seasons with a finish in the top ten in all the above categories, topping the league in total bases and slugging.[1] He also had a career-high hitting streak, which reached 29 games.[5] The Brooklyn Robins won the National League pennant that season. In the World Series, they faced the Boston Red Sox, which had the formidable pitching rotation of Ernie Shore, Dutch Leonard, Carl Mays, and Babe Ruth. The Red Sox won the series four games to one, holding the Robins to a .200 batting average, and Wheat to a paltry .211.[6]

During the 1917 and 1918 seasons, Wheat hit well, but missed many games due to injuries. He had tiny feet, size 5, and this is believed to be the cause of the many nagging ankle injuries that caused to miss many games in his career.[5] However, he led the league in batting average for the only time in his career with a .335 batting average, his highest average up to that point. For a player known as a slugger, and consistently in the top ten in most offensive categories including home runs, he hit none that season, and just one the season prior.[1]

Starting in 1919, Wheat returned to the league slugging leaders once again, as the baseball began to become livelier, proved by the offensive output by the likes of Ruth and Rogers Hornsby. The Robins made their second World Series appearance in 1920, this time facing off against the Cleveland Indians. The Robins lost this series as well, 5 games to 2, although Wheat's series average was .333.[7] Wheat's statistics climbed during this new live era of baseball, reaching double-digit home runs for the first time with 14 in 1921, and again three more times in the next four years. Wheat hit .320 or higher every season from 1920 through 1925, topping out with .375 in consecutive seasons. He failed to lead the league in hitting those two seasons, not getting enough at bats in 1923 to qualify, and Hornsby topped the league with .384,[8] and in 1924, his .375 was a distant second to Hornsby's .424.[9]

A subtle, but longstanding friction existed between Wheat and his manager, Wilbert Robinson. The friction reportedly stemmed from Robinson's belief that Wheat pursued the manager's job behind his back.[5] When owner Charles Ebbets died in 1925, new team president Ed McKeever reassigned Robinson into the front office and named Wheat as player-manager. Newspapers confirm that he managed the Dodgers for two weeks.[5] McKeever caught pneumonia at Ebbets' funeral, and died soon afterward, and Robinson quickly returned to the manager's position. As it turned out, Wheat never again managed in the majors, much to his disappointment. Moveover, Wheat's 1925 managerial stint never made it into the official records. In 1931, Steve McKeever, Ed's brother, hired Wheat as a coach, leading to widespread speculation that he was being groomed for the manager's spot, threatening Robinson's job for a second time in seven years, and he treated his former star as coldly as ever.[5]

Wheat was signed by the Philadelphia Athletics after his release from Brooklyn in 1927. After the season, he was released again; this time he signed and played for the minor league Minneapolis Millers of the American Association. He played very little that season due to a heel injury, and retired from playing following the season.[4] He still holds the Dodger franchise records for hits, doubles, triples and total bases.[10]

Post-career[edit]

After Wheat retired from baseball, he moved back to his 160-acre (0.65 km2) farm in Polo, Missouri, until the Great Depression forced him to sell it in 1932.[5] He moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where he operated a bowling alley with Cotton Tierney.[5][11] He later became a police officer.[4] It was during his duties as an officer in 1936, that he was chasing a fleeing felon in his vehicle, when he crashed and nearly died. Wheat spent five months in hospital after the accident, and after he was discharged, he moved his family to Sunrise Beach, Missouri, a resort town on the Lake of the Ozarks, to recuperate. It was here that he opened a 46-acre (190,000 m2) hunting and fishing resort.[5]

"One of the grandest guys ever to wear a baseball uniform, one of the greatest batting teachers I have seen, one of the truest pals a man ever (had) and one of the kindliest men God ever created."

Casey Stengel, 1965, speaking of Zack Wheat.[4]

Wheat was first voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee in 1957, but could not be inducted because he had not been retired for the required 30 years. In 1959, the committee unanimously elected him.[5] In 1981, Lawrence Ritter and Donald Honig included him in their book The 100 Greatest Baseball Players of All Time. In 2006, the stretch of Route 13 that runs through Caldwell County, Missouri was named the Zach Wheat Memorial Highway.[12] Due to his Cherokee ancestry, Wheat was featured in "Baseball's League of Nations: A Tribute to Native Americans in Baseball", a 2008 exhibit at the Iroquois Indian Museum in Howes Cave, N.Y.[13]

Wheat died of a heart attack on March 11, 1972.[4]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d "Zack Wheat's Stats". baseball-reference.com. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  2. ^ "Los Angeles/Brooklyn Dodgers All Time Hits Leaders". dodgersnation.com. Retrieved 2017-08-02. 
  3. ^ a b c "Zack Wheat's Stats". retrosheet.org. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Zack Wheat's Obit". The New York Times, Sunday, March 12, 1972. Archived from the original on 2008-04-03. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Zack Wheat at the SABR Bio Project, by Eric Enders, retrieved 2008-04-19
  6. ^ "The 1916 World Series Stats". baseball-reference.com. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  7. ^ "The 1920 World Series Stats". baseball-reference.com. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  8. ^ "1923 National League Stats". baseball-reference.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-29. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  9. ^ "1924 National League Stats". baseball-reference.com. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  10. ^ "Zack Wheat's Hall of Fame profile". baseballhalloffame.org. Archived from the original on 2008-04-08. Retrieved 2008-04-19. 
  11. ^ Grayson, Harry (July 5, 1943). "Black Lightning Zack Wheat Most Popular Player Brooklyn Ever Had". The Tuscaloosa News. p. 7. Retrieved June 28, 2012. 
  12. ^ "Missouri Revised Statutes; Chapter 227, State Highway System, Section 227.309, August 28, 2007". moga.mo.gov. Retrieved 2008-03-26. 
  13. ^ Mallozzi, Vincent M. (2008-06-08). "The American Indians of America's Pastime". The New York Times. 

External links[edit]


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