Zeno of Citium
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Zeno of Citium was a Hellenistic philosopher from Citium, Cyprus. He was the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy, which he taught in Athens from about 300 BC.
Zeno of Citium. Bust in the Farnese collection, Naples. Photo by Paolo Monti, 1969.
Statue of Zeno of Citium in Larnaca
Modern bust of Zeno in Athens
Socrates, Plato, Pythagoras, Aristotle & Zeno by François Pouqueville
Crates of Thebes
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Crates of Thebes was a Greek Cynic philosopher, the principal pupil of Diogenes of Sinope and the husband of Hipparchia of Maroneia who lived in the same manner as him. Crates gave away his money to l
Crates of Thebes. Detail from a Roman wall painting in the Villa Farnesina in Rome.
Roman wall painting of Crates and Hipparchia from the Villa Farnesina, Rome. Crates is shown with a staff and satchel, being approached by Hipparchia bearing her possessions in the manner of a potential bride.
"Diogenes in his barrel and Crates of Thebes who gives up wealth for virtue." 15th-century manuscript.
Crates disposes of his wealth. From the Allegory of the Hill of Wisdom, Siena Cathedral. Floor mosaic by Pinturicchio (c. 1505).