1.
The F Word (2013 film)
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The F Word is a 2013 romantic comedy film directed by Michael Dowse and written by Elan Mastai, based on TJ Dawe and Michael Rinaldis play Toothpaste and Cigars. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe, Zoe Kazan, Megan Park, Adam Driver, Mackenzie Davis and Rafe Spall and it premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7,2013 and was released in Canada on August 22,2014. The film was a nominee for Best Picture at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards, Wallace has an odd job and lives with his sister and nephew in Toronto, Ontario. He dropped out of school after discovering his girlfriend having sex with his anatomy teacher and has not been social for more than a year. He is coerced by his best friend Allan into going to a house party, at the same time, Allan meets Nicole and they begin flirting with each other. Chantry and Wallace leave the party and he walks her home where he finds out that Chantry has a boyfriend, even so, she gives him her phone number, but he decides against calling her. They later run into each other at a theater, where they had both gone alone, and end up having dinner together. Over time the friendship grows and Wallace is invited to meet Ben, Chantrys long-term boyfriend, Ben, however, ends up in the hospital due to a series of unexpected accidents when Wallace visits their house for the first time. At the hospital, Wallace and Chantry run into Wallaces ex-girlfriend, Ben later moves to Dublin, Ireland for six months due to requirements of his job. During this time, Wallace and Chantry begin to see their relationship develop further, Chantrys sister Dalia tries to seduce Wallace in her car, but he does not reciprocate, because Wallace is worried that it would ruin any chance he would have with Chantry. Allan and Nicole invite the two to have a walk on the beach at night and they decide to go skinny dipping and soon Wallace and Chantry decide to join, whereupon Allan and Nicole steal their clothes, forcing them to sleep naked together on the beach. Wallace and Chantry feel forced into the situation and begrudgingly decide to share the sleeping bag. The next day they leave the beach angrily, Chantry is given a promotion to direct an animated project in Taiwan. However, she is pressured because of her relationship with Ben so she travels to Dublin to join him. On arriving, she discovers that Ben has accepted more work commitments that require him to travel frequently, meanwhile, Wallace decides to follow Chantry, upon arriving Ben punches him in the face, knocking him down the front stairs. He then checks his voicemail, learning that she has returned to Toronto and they meet, but Wallace tells Chantry about the trip and his feelings for her and she responds unfavorably. Wallace considers going back to school and moving on with his life, however, he decides to attend Chantrys farewell party. They finally admit to their feelings while giving each other a Fools Gold Sandwich, something they had previously discussed while hanging out together
The F Word (2013 film)
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Theatrical release poster
2.
Bachelor of Arts
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A Bachelor of Arts is a bachelors degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both. Bachelor of Arts degree programs take three to four years depending on the country, academic institution, and specific specializations, majors or minors. The word baccalaureus or baccalarium should not be confused with baccalaureatus, degree diplomas generally are printed on high-quality paper or parchment, individual institutions set the preferred abbreviation for their degrees. In Pakistan, the Bachelor of Arts degree can also be attained within two years as an external degree, in colleges and universities in Australia, New Zealand, Nepal and South Africa, the BA degree can be taken over three years of full-time study. Unlike in other countries, students do not receive a grade for their Bachelor of Arts degree with varying levels of honours. Qualified students may be admitted, after they have achieved their Bachelors program with an overall grade point average. Thus, to achieve a Bachelor Honours degree, a postgraduate year. A student who holds a Honours degree is eligible for entry to either a Doctorate or a very high research Master´s degree program. Education in Canada is controlled by the Provinces and can be different depending on the province in Canada. Canadian universities typically offer a 3-year Bachelor of Arts degrees, in many universities and colleges, Bachelor of Arts degrees are differentiated either as Bachelors of Arts or as honours Bachelor of Arts degree. The honours degrees are designated with the abbreviation in brackets of. It should not be confused with the consecutive Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours, Latin Baccalaureatus in Artibus Cum Honore, BA hon. de jure without brackets and with a dot. It is a degree, which is considered to be the equivalent of a corresponding maîtrise degree under the French influenced system. Going back in history, a three-year Bachelor of Arts degree was called a pass degree or general degree. Students may be required to undertake a long high-quality research empirical thesis combined with a selection of courses from the relevant field of studies. The consecutive B. cum Honore degree is essential if students ultimate goal is to study towards a two- or three-year very high research masters´ degree qualification. A student holding a Baccalaureatus Cum Honore degree also may choose to complete a Doctor of Philosophy program without the requirement to first complete a masters degree, over the years, in some universities certain Baccalaureatus cum Honore programs have been changed to corresponding master´s degrees. In general, in all four countries, the B. A. degree is the standard required for entry into a masters programme, in science, a BA hons degree is generally a prerequisite for entrance to a Ph. D program or a very-high-research-activity master´s programme
Bachelor of Arts
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A certificate or diploma evidencing the granting of a bachelor's degree
3.
Yale University
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Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1701 in Saybrook Colony to train Congregationalist ministers, it is the third-oldest institution of education in the United States. The Collegiate School moved to New Haven in 1716, and shortly after was renamed Yale College in recognition of a gift from British East India Company governor Elihu Yale. Originally restricted to theology and sacred languages, the curriculum began to incorporate humanities and sciences by the time of the American Revolution. In the 19th century the school introduced graduate and professional instruction, awarding the first Ph. D. in the United States in 1861 and organizing as a university in 1887. Yale is organized into fourteen constituent schools, the undergraduate college, the Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. While the university is governed by the Yale Corporation, each schools faculty oversees its curriculum, the universitys assets include an endowment valued at $25.4 billion as of June 2016, the second largest of any U. S. educational institution. The Yale University Library, serving all constituent schools, holds more than 15 million volumes and is the third-largest academic library in the United States, Yale College undergraduates follow a liberal arts curriculum with departmental majors and are organized into a social system of residential colleges. Almost all faculty teach courses, more than 2,000 of which are offered annually. Students compete intercollegiately as the Yale Bulldogs in the NCAA Division I – Ivy League, Yale has graduated many notable alumni, including five U. S. Presidents,19 U. S. Supreme Court Justices,20 living billionaires, and many heads of state. In addition, Yale has graduated hundreds of members of Congress,57 Nobel laureates,5 Fields Medalists,247 Rhodes Scholars, and 119 Marshall Scholars have been affiliated with the University. Yale traces its beginnings to An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School, passed by the General Court of the Colony of Connecticut on October 9,1701, the Act was an effort to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut. Soon thereafter, a group of ten Congregationalist ministers, Samuel Andrew, Thomas Buckingham, Israel Chauncy, Samuel Mather, the group, led by James Pierpont, is now known as The Founders. Originally known as the Collegiate School, the institution opened in the home of its first rector, Abraham Pierson, the school moved to Saybrook, and then Wethersfield. In 1716 the college moved to New Haven, Connecticut, the feud caused the Mathers to champion the success of the Collegiate School in the hope that it would maintain the Puritan religious orthodoxy in a way that Harvard had not. Cotton Mather suggested that the school change its name to Yale College, meanwhile, a Harvard graduate working in England convinced some 180 prominent intellectuals that they should donate books to Yale. The 1714 shipment of 500 books represented the best of modern English literature, science, philosophy and it had a profound effect on intellectuals at Yale. Undergraduate Jonathan Edwards discovered John Lockes works and developed his original theology known as the new divinity
Yale University
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Charter creating Collegiate School, which became
Yale College, October 9, 1701
Yale University
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Yale University
Seal
Yale University
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A Front View of Yale-College and the College Chapel, Daniel Bowen, 1786.
Yale University
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First diploma awarded by
Yale College, granted to Nathaniel Chauncey, 1702.
4.
Paul Dano
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Paul Franklin Dano is an American actor, producer, singer, and musician. Dano started his career on Broadway before making his debut in The Newcomers. He won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Debut Performance for his role in L. I. E. for his dual roles as Paul & Eli Sunday in There Will Be Blood, he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor. Dano has also received accolades for roles such as John Tibeats in 12 Years a Slave and his acting portrayal of musician Brian Wilson in Love & Mercy, earned him a Golden Globe nomination in the category of Best Supporting Actor. Dano was born in New York City, New York, the son of Gladys and he has a younger sister named Sarah. Dano spent the first few years of his childhood in New York City and initially attended the Browning School, while he was a child, Danos family moved to New Canaan, Connecticut, finally settling in Wilton, Connecticut. Dano continued his education there at Wilton High School, graduating in 2002 and he was involved in community theater, and while performing in New Canaan, his parents were encouraged to take him to New York. He appeared in an episode of the sitcom Smart Guy and a role in the 2000 family drama The Newcomers, as well playing the part of Patrick Whalen. Dano acted in his first major role when he was 16, playing the character of Howie Blitzer. He then appeared in the TV movie Too Young to Be a Dad as a school student whose life is disrupted when his girlfriend becomes pregnant. In 2004 he played a role as young Martin Asher in Taking Lives with Angelina Jolie. In 2005, he played supporting roles in The King with Gael Garcia Bernal, Danos work with Daniel Day-Lewis led to a dual role opposite him in his next film, Paul Thomas Andersons There Will Be Blood, playing identical twin brothers Eli and Paul Sunday. And Peter Travers remarking All praise to the baby-faced Dano. for bringing sly cunning, rolling Stone magazine included Dano in its Hot List for 2007, calling his performance style Daniel Day-Lewis + Billy Crudup × Johnny Depp. In 2008, he starred in Gigantic, a film about a man seeking to adopt a Chinese baby. He reunited with Brian Cox in 2009s Good Heart, a low-budget English-language Icelandic film and he provided the voice of one of the creatures in the film adaptation of Where the Wild Things Are. He played a genius inventor in 2010s Knight and Day, a thriller starring Tom Cruise. The same year he appeared in Meeks Cutoff, a historical drama. In 2011, he had a role in the big-budget science fiction film Cowboys
Paul Dano
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Dano at the 2014
Toronto International Film Festival
Paul Dano
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Dano in December 2007.
5.
Maya Kazan
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Maya Kazan is an American stage, TV and film actress and director. She is known for the roles of Caroline in the film Frances Ha and on TV shows playing Eleanor Gallinger on The Knick and she is the daughter of screenwriters Nicholas Kazan and Robin Swicord. She is the granddaughter of film director Elia Kazan and playwright Molly Kazan, Maya is the younger sister of actress Zoe Kazan. In 2012, Kazan starred as Lucrece in Pierre Corneilles The Liar, in 2013, she played the role of Laura in Michael Rabes play The Future Is Not What It Was at the Walkerspace theater in New York. In 2014, she took on the role of the adult Perdita in William Shakespeares The Winters Tale at the Old Globe Theater. In 2014, Kazan landed a role as Eleanor Gallinger in Steven Soderberghs The Knick on Cinemax alongside co-stars Clive Owen, Eve Hewson. Maya Kazan - Official website Maya Kazan at the Internet Movie Database Maya Kazan News on broadwayworld. com
Maya Kazan
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Kazan at the
Peabody Award, May 2015
6.
Elia Kazan
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Elia Kazan was a Greek-American director, producer, writer and actor, described by The New York Times as one of the most honored and influential directors in Broadway and Hollywood history. He was born in Istanbul, to Cappadocian Greek parents, after attending Williams College and then the Yale School of Drama, he acted professionally for eight years, later joining the Group Theater in 1932, and co-founded the Actors Studio in 1947. With Robert Lewis and Cheryl Crawford, his actors studio introduced Method Acting under the direction of Lee Strasberg, Kazan acted in a few films, including City for Conquest. Noted for drawing out the best dramatic performances from his actors, he directed 21 actors to Oscar nominations and he directed a string of successful films, including A Streetcar Named Desire, On the Waterfront, and East of Eden. During his career, he won two Oscars as Best Director and received an Honorary Oscar, won three Tony Awards, and four Golden Globes and his films were concerned with personal or social issues of special concern to him. Kazan writes, I dont move unless I have some empathy with the basic theme and his first such issue film was Gentlemans Agreement, with Gregory Peck, which dealt with anti-Semitism in America. It received 8 Oscar nominations and 3 wins, including Kazans first for Best Director and it was followed by Pinky, one of the first films in mainstream Hollywood to address racial prejudice against black people. In 1954, he directed On the Waterfront, a film about corruption on the New York harbor waterfront. A Streetcar Named Desire, an adaptation of the play which he had also directed, received 12 Oscar nominations, winning 4. In 1955, he directed John Steinbecks East of Eden, which introduced James Dean to movie audiences and his testimony helped end the careers of former acting colleagues Morris Carnovsky and Art Smith, along with ending the work of playwright Clifford Odets. Kazan later justified his act by saying he took only the more tolerable of two alternatives that were either way painful and wrong, nearly a half-century later, his anti-Communist testimony continued to cause controversy. When Kazan was awarded an honorary Oscar in 1999, dozens of actors not to applaud as 250 demonstrators picketed the event. Kazan influenced the films of the 1950s and 60s with his provocative, Director Stanley Kubrick called him, without question, the best director we have in America, capable of performing miracles with the actors he uses. Film author Ian Freer concludes that if his achievements are tainted by political controversy, in 2010, Martin Scorsese co-directed the documentary film A Letter to Elia as a personal tribute to Kazan. Elia Kazan was born in the Fener district of Istanbul, to Cappadocian Greek parents originally from Kayseri in Anatolia and his parents, George and Athena Kazantzoglou, emigrated to the United States when he was four years old. He was named after his grandfather, Elia Kazantzoglou. His maternal grandfather was Isaak Shishmanoglou, elias brother, Avraam, was born in Berlin and later became a psychiatrist. As a young boy, he was remembered as being shy, much of his early life was portrayed in his autobiographical book, America America, which he made into a film in 1963
Elia Kazan
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Elia Kazan, c. 1960
Elia Kazan
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In the play "Paradise Lost" (1937)
Elia Kazan
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Kazan as a young man
Elia Kazan
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Brando and Vivien Leigh in a scene from A Streetcar Named Desire (1951)
7.
The Savages (film)
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The Savages is a 2007 American drama film written and directed by Tamara Jenkins. It stars Laura Linney and Philip Seymour Hoffman, alexander Payne and Jenkins husband Jim Taylor were two of the executive producers. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival to critical acclaim, after drifting apart emotionally over the years, two single siblings — Wendy and Jon — band together to care for their estranged, elderly father, Lenny, who is rapidly slipping into dementia. Wendy and Jon first travel to Sun City, Arizona to attend the funeral of their fathers girlfriend of 20 years, when they arrive, they are told that their father signed a non-marriage agreement and will not have rights to any of her property. They then move him to a home in Buffalo, where Jon is a theater professor working on a book about Bertolt Brecht. Wendy, who is an aspiring, but unsuccessful, playwright, neither of the siblings are close with Lenny. It is implied that he was a physically and emotionally abusive father when Jon and Wendy were growing up and they were also abandoned by their mother at a young age. Their dysfunctional family life appears to have left Wendy and Jon emotionally crippled and she is sleeping with an unattainable married man 13 years her senior and he cannot commit to a Polish woman who must return to Kraków after her visa expires. Their visits to the home and their fathers eventual death allow them to reevaluate their lives. In the end, Wendy has broken up with her lover, but has adopted his dog. The film closes with Wendy running with her lovers dog alive, running with the aid of a wheeled hip cast, robinson Cara Seymour as Kasia Kristine Nielsen as Nurse The film received very favorable reviews from critics. As of October 14,2012, the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 89% of critics gave the positive reviews. Metacritic reported the film had a score of 85 out of 100. Club 8th - Ray Bennett, The Hollywood Reporter 9th - A. O
The Savages (film)
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Theatrical release poster by
Chris Ware
8.
Revolutionary Road (film)
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Revolutionary Road is a 2008 British-American romantic drama film directed by Sam Mendes. It was written by Justin Haythe and based on the 1961 novel of the name by Richard Yates. This is the second collaboration between Leonardo DiCaprio, Kate Winslet and Kathy Bates, who previously co-starred in Titanic. The film premiered in Los Angeles on 15 December 2008, followed by a limited U. S. release on 26 December 2008, in most other countries it was released between 15 and 30 January 2009. In 1955, Frank Wheeler meets April at a party and he is a longshoreman, hoping to be a cashier – she wants to be an actress. Frank later secures a position with Knox Machines, for which his father worked for twenty years. The Wheelers move to 115 Revolutionary Road in suburban Connecticut when April becomes pregnant, the couple becomes close friends with their realtor Helen Givings and her husband Howard Givings, and neighbor Milly Campbell and her husband Shep. To their friends, the Wheelers are the couple. April fails to make an out of acting, while Frank hates the tedium of his work. Meanwhile, Helen asks the couple to meet her son, John, the Givings talk with April and Frank. During the conversation, the Wheelers tell the Givings about their plans to live in Paris, surprisingly, the only person that seems to comprehend their decision is John. As the couple prepares to move, they are forced to reconsider, Frank is offered a promotion, and April becomes pregnant again. The next day, Frank takes the promotion and tries to accept his uneventful life, at the end of an evening at a jazz bar with the Campbells, Shep and April end up alone together and have sex in the car. Shep professes his love for April, but she rejects his interest. The following day, Frank confesses to having had an affair with an assistant at his office. To his surprise, April responds apathetically and tells him it does not matter as her love for him has gone, the Givings come over for dinner, and Frank announces to the guests that their plans have changed, as April is pregnant. John harshly lambasts Frank for crushing Aprils hope as well as his acceptance of his circumstances, angered, Frank nearly attacks John, and the Givings hurry out. Afterwards, Frank and April have a verbal altercation, after which April flees the house
Revolutionary Road (film)
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Theatrical release poster
9.
Happythankyoumoreplease
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Happythankyoumoreplease is a 2010 comedy-drama film written and directed by Josh Radnor in his directorial debut. Happythankyoumoreplease premiered at the 26th Sundance Film Festival in 2010, where it won the Audience Award and was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize. On March 4,2011 it was released in theatres throughout Los Angeles, a story of relationships, happythankyoumoreplease deals with the struggles facing several pairs trying to find their way. The film centers on Sam, a writer, and Rasheen, a foster care child, as Officer Jones Richard Jenkins as Paul Gertmanian Marna Kohn as Melissa Radnor wrote the film while working on the first and second seasons of the CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother. He then had actors read for roles, wrote revisions, Radnor received financing in April 2009 and began shooting in July 2009 in New York City, after six weeks of pre-production. The film was selected for the Sundance Film Festival, where it premiered on January 22,2010 and it won the audience award for favorite U. S. drama. Myriad Pictures bought the distribution rights for the film. The publisher Hannover House bought the North American distribution rights, happythankyoumoreplease premiered during the 26th Sundance Film Festival from January 21,2010, until January 31 in Park City, Utah. The film was screened as part of the Gen Art Film Festival in New York City on April 7,2010, the female lead Malin Åkerman promoted the film with guest appearances on Lopez Tonight and the Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson. It opened in theaters in New York City and Los Angeles on March 4,2011, the movie grossed $216,110 in the United States. It was released by Anchor Bay Entertainment on DVD and Blu-ray disc on June 21,2011, one month after its theatrical release in America, happythankyoumoreplease opened in Spain where it did comparatively better, grossing $551,472. Over the following months, it was released in Belgium, Poland, Turkey, the film has received mixed reviews. It currently holds a 40% score on Rotten Tomatoes based on 50 reviews, fourteen of Jaymays songs were produced as score for the film by Michael Brake, music editor for How I Met Your Mother. Andy Gowan was the supervisor and is also the music supervisor for How I Met Your Mother
Happythankyoumoreplease
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Theatrical release poster
10.
Ruby Sparks
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Ruby Sparks is a 2012 romantic comedy-drama film directed by Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris, and written by Zoe Kazan. It stars Paul Dano as an anxious novelist whose fictional character, Ruby Sparks, played by Kazan, Calvin Weir-Fields is a young novelist who is struggling to recreate the early success of his first novel but unable to commit to any of his ideas. His therapist, Dr. Rosenthal, gives him an assignment, to write a page about someone who likes his rather uninspiring dog. Calvin has a dream in which he meets a young woman. Calvin wakes and is inspired to write about her, in therapy he admits he is falling in love with the character he is writing and tells the therapist all about Ruby Sparks. Calvins brother Harry and sister-in-law Susie come to visit and find several articles of womens clothing around the house, the next day, Calvin is stunned to find Ruby in his kitchen, as an actual living person. Thinking he is going crazy, he calls Harry, who does not believe him, Ruby is confused by his behavior and insists on coming along, but he leaves her to shop while he meets Mabel, a young fan of his book who had given him her number. Ruby finds them and believes he is cheating on her, in the ensuing confrontation, Calvin discovers that others can actually see Ruby, proving that she is a real person and not a figment of his imagination. Calvin explains that he feels overwhelmed, and they make up, Calvin introduces Ruby to Harry, who is incredulous at first and suggests alternate explanations. However, Calvin soon proves that his writing directly affects Ruby, saying he loves Ruby, Calvin asks Harry not to tell anyone of Rubys origins. Although Harry warns him that women are creatures and that things may change, Calvin insists that since he wrote her into existence. He asserts that he will never write about Ruby again, months later, Calvin reluctantly takes Ruby to meet his free-spirited mother Gertrude and her boyfriend Mort. Rubys happy spirit begins to dampen at Calvins increased gloominess, after they return home to Calvins house, the relationship is tense. Calvin complains about Rubys singing while she cooks and he reads, depressed, she and Calvin have a serious talk. Ruby tells Calvin how lonely she is and suggests they start spending time together. Calvin feels miserable and fearful Ruby will soon break up with him and he begins to write Rubys story again out of desperation, and writes that Ruby is also miserable without him. Ruby returns to Calvins house full-time but becomes incredibly clingy toward him, Calvin tires of this and writes that Ruby is instead filled with effervescent joy, at which point she becomes constantly happy. This leaves Calvin unhappy, knowing her happiness is artificial, after talking with Harry about what he has been doing, Calvin intends to write Ruby back to her normal self, but the wording he uses leaves Ruby confused
Ruby Sparks
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Ruby Sparks
11.
What If (2013 film)
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The F Word is a 2013 romantic comedy film directed by Michael Dowse and written by Elan Mastai, based on TJ Dawe and Michael Rinaldis play Toothpaste and Cigars. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe, Zoe Kazan, Megan Park, Adam Driver, Mackenzie Davis and Rafe Spall and it premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival on September 7,2013 and was released in Canada on August 22,2014. The film was a nominee for Best Picture at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards, Wallace has an odd job and lives with his sister and nephew in Toronto, Ontario. He dropped out of school after discovering his girlfriend having sex with his anatomy teacher and has not been social for more than a year. He is coerced by his best friend Allan into going to a house party, at the same time, Allan meets Nicole and they begin flirting with each other. Chantry and Wallace leave the party and he walks her home where he finds out that Chantry has a boyfriend, even so, she gives him her phone number, but he decides against calling her. They later run into each other at a theater, where they had both gone alone, and end up having dinner together. Over time the friendship grows and Wallace is invited to meet Ben, Chantrys long-term boyfriend, Ben, however, ends up in the hospital due to a series of unexpected accidents when Wallace visits their house for the first time. At the hospital, Wallace and Chantry run into Wallaces ex-girlfriend, Ben later moves to Dublin, Ireland for six months due to requirements of his job. During this time, Wallace and Chantry begin to see their relationship develop further, Chantrys sister Dalia tries to seduce Wallace in her car, but he does not reciprocate, because Wallace is worried that it would ruin any chance he would have with Chantry. Allan and Nicole invite the two to have a walk on the beach at night and they decide to go skinny dipping and soon Wallace and Chantry decide to join, whereupon Allan and Nicole steal their clothes, forcing them to sleep naked together on the beach. Wallace and Chantry feel forced into the situation and begrudgingly decide to share the sleeping bag. The next day they leave the beach angrily, Chantry is given a promotion to direct an animated project in Taiwan. However, she is pressured because of her relationship with Ben so she travels to Dublin to join him. On arriving, she discovers that Ben has accepted more work commitments that require him to travel frequently, meanwhile, Wallace decides to follow Chantry, upon arriving Ben punches him in the face, knocking him down the front stairs. He then checks his voicemail, learning that she has returned to Toronto and they meet, but Wallace tells Chantry about the trip and his feelings for her and she responds unfavorably. Wallace considers going back to school and moving on with his life, however, he decides to attend Chantrys farewell party. They finally admit to their feelings while giving each other a Fools Gold Sandwich, something they had previously discussed while hanging out together
What If (2013 film)
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Theatrical release poster
12.
HBO
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Home Box Office is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box Office, Inc. HBO is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service in the United States, in 2014, HBO had an adjusted operating income of US$1.79 billion, compared to the US$1.68 billion it accrued in 2013. HBO has 49 million subscribers in the United States and 130 million worldwide as of 2016, the network provides seven 24-hour multiplex channels, including HBO Comedy, HBO Latino, HBO Signature and HBO Family. It launched the streaming service HBO Now in April 2015, and has over 2 million subscribers in the United States as of February 2017. In addition to its U. S. subscriber base, HBO distributes content in at least 151 countries, HBO subscribers generally pay for an extra tier of service that includes other cable- and satellite-exclusive channels even before paying for the channel itself. Cable providers can require the use of a converter box – usually digital – in order to receive HBO, many HBO programs have been syndicated to other networks and broadcast television stations, and a number of HBO-produced series and films have been released on DVD. The new system, which Dolan named Sterling Information Services, became the first urban underground cable system in the United States. In that same year, Time-Life, Inc. purchased a 20% stake in Dolans company, in the summer of 1971, while on a family vacation in France, Charles Dolan began to think of ideas to make Sterling Manhattan profitable. He came up with the concept for a television service. Dolan later presented his idea to Time-Life management, though satellite distribution seemed only a distant possibility at the time, he persuaded Time-Life to back him on the project. To gauge whether consumers would be interested in subscribing to a pay television service, in a meeting of Dolan and some Time-Life executives who were working on the project, various other names were discussed for the new service. Home Box Office launched on November 8,1972, however, HBOs launch came without fanfare in the press, as it was not covered by any local or national media outlets. Home Box Office distributed its first sports event immediately after the film, Four months later in February 1973, Home Box Office aired its first television special, the Pennsylvania Polka Festival. Home Box Office would use a network of relay towers to distribute its programming to cable systems throughout its service area. Sterling Manhattan Cable continued to lose money because the company had only a small base of 20,000 customers in Manhattan. Time-Life dropped the Sterling name and the company was renamed Manhattan Cable Television under Time-Lifes control in March 1973, Gerald Levin, who had been with Home Box Office since it began operations as its vice president of programming, replaced Dolan as the companys president and chief executive officer. In September 1973, Time-Life, Inc. completed its acquisition of the pay service. HBO would eventually increase its fortunes within two years, by April 1975, the service had around 100,000 subscribers in Pennsylvania and New York state, in 1974, they settled on using a geostationary communications satellite to transmit HBO to cable providers throughout the United States
HBO
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The RCA Satcom domestic communication satellite launched on December 13, 1975, spurred the
cable television industry to unprecedented heights – with the assistance of HBO.
HBO
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Filmmaker
Alexandra Pelosi and former
New Jersey Governor Jim McGreevey at the New York City premiere of Pelosi's HBO documentary about McGreevey,
Fall to Grace, in March 2013.
HBO
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Example of Festival's monthly guide provided to subscribers (January 1988).
13.
Olive Kitteridge (miniseries)
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Olive Kitteridge is a 2014 four-hour miniseries based on the 2008 novel of the same name by Elizabeth Strout. The miniseries is divided into four parts, each depicting a certain point of time in the novel, the miniseries was shown in a similar format in the United Kingdom on Sky Atlantic, on December 14 and December 15,2014. It premiered in Australia on showcase from 13 January 2015, at the 67th Primetime Emmy Awards, the miniseries won eight awards including Outstanding Limited Series. Olive Kitteridge is a misanthropic and strict, but well-meaning, retired schoolteacher who lives in the seaside town of Crosby. She is married to Henry Kitteridge, a kind, considerate man who runs a pharmacy downtown, and has a son named Christopher. For 25 years, Olive has experienced problems of depression, bereavement, jealousy, the critical consensus reads, Olive Kitteridges narrative slow burn enhances fascinating performances -- and a story worthy of its source material. On Metacritic, the show has a score of 89 out of 100, based on 34 critics, Olive Kitteridge was released by HBO on DVD and Blu-ray on February 10,2015. Olive Kitteridge at the Internet Movie Database
Olive Kitteridge (miniseries)
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Olive Kitteridge
14.
Emmy Award
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An Emmy Award, or simply Emmy, recognizes excellence in the television industry, and corresponds to the Academy Award, the Tony Award, and the Grammy Award. Because Emmy Awards are given in various sectors of the American television industry, Regional Emmy Awards are also presented throughout the country at various times through the year, recognizing excellence in local and statewide television. In addition, International Emmys are awarded for excellence in TV programming produced, each is responsible for administering a particular set of Emmy ceremonies. The Los Angeles-based Academy of Television Arts & Sciences established the Emmy Award as part of an image-building and public relations opportunity. The first Emmy Awards ceremony took place on January 25,1949, at the Hollywood Athletic Club, shirley Dinsdale has the distinction of receiving the very first Emmy Award for Most Outstanding Television Personality, during that first awards ceremony. In the 1950s, the ATAS expanded the Emmys into a national event, in 1955, the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences was formed in New York City as a sister organization to serve members on the East Coast, and help to also supervise the Emmys. The NATAS also established regional chapters throughout the United States, with each one developing their own local Emmy awards show for local programming, the ATAS still however maintained its separate regional ceremony honoring local programming in the Los Angeles Area. Originally there was only one Emmy Awards ceremony held per year to honor shows nationally broadcast in the United States, in 1974, the first Daytime Emmy Awards ceremony was held to specifically honor achievement in national daytime programming. Other area-specific Emmy Awards ceremonies soon followed, also, the International Emmy Awards, honoring television programs produced and initially aired outside the U. S. was established in the early 1970s. Meanwhile, all Emmys awarded prior to the emergence of these separate, in 1977, due to various conflicts, the ATAS and the NATAS agreed to split ties. However, they agreed to share ownership of the Emmy statue and trademark. With the rise of television in the 1980s, cable programs first became eligible for the Primetime Emmys in 1988. The ATAS also began accepting original online-only web television programs in 2013, the Emmy statuette, depicting a winged woman holding an atom, was designed by television engineer Louis McManus, who used his wife as the model. The TV Academy rejected a total of forty-seven proposals before settling on McManus design in 1948. The statuette has become the symbol of the TV Academys goal of supporting and uplifting the art and science of television, The wings represent the muse of art. When deciding a name for the award, Academy founder Syd Cassyd originally suggested Ike, however, Ike was also the popular nickname of World War II hero and future U. S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and the Academy members wanted something unique. Finally, television engineer and the third president, Harry Lubcke, suggested the name Immy. After Immy was chosen, it was feminized to Emmy to match their female statuette
Emmy Award
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TV producer
Bruce Kennedy holding an Emmy
Emmy Award
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Actress
Dana Delany holding an Emmy, 1992
Emmy Award
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TV producer and writer
Bradley Bell accepting Daytime Emmy Awards for his work on the daytime soap opera
The Bold and the Beautiful, 2010
Emmy Award
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Brazilian actress and TV host
Fernanda Lima holding
Rede Globo 's six medals of nominations to the International Emmys in 2012
15.
Emily V. Gordon
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Emily V. Gordon is an American writer, producer, and podcast host. Gordon is best known for co-creating the live show The Meltdown with Jonah and Kumail and she has written for TV, movies, a book, and for several online and print publications. Gordon was born and raised in Winston-Salem, North Carolina and she received a BA in psychology from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro in 2001 and an MS/EdS in couples and family counseling from the University of North Carolina at Greensboro in 2003. In addition she writes a column on Tumblr. Her first book, SuperYou, Release Your Inner Superhero, a tongue-in-cheek self-improvement guide, was released in 2015, Gordon has written two webseries aimed at teenagers, called Power Up and ExploreD, at Disney. com. She wrote for the season of The Carmichael Show on NBC. She also cowrote and co-executive produced a screenplay with Kumail Nanjiani called The Big Sick that was filmed in 2016, directed by Michael Showalter, in addition to writing, Gordon also books and produces comedy. In 2010, she created a live show with cohosts Jonah Ray and Kumail Nanjiani called The Meltdown with Jonah and Kumail. In 2011 she was asked by Chris Hardwick, who wanted to turn the space into a comedy venue. She served as director of the Nerdist Showroom at Meltdown Comics from 2011 to 2012. In 2013 Comedy Central ordered a pilot for The Meltdown with Jonah and Kumail, as of 2016 there have been three seasons of The Meltdown with Jonah and Kumail on Comedy Central, co-executive produced by Gordon, and the live show still happens every week. Gordon is married to actor and comedian Kumail Nanjiani, Emily V. Gordon on Twitter Emily V. Gordon on Tumblr
Emily V. Gordon
–
Nanjiani speaking at Wondercon 2012 in Anaheim, California on March 17, 2012
16.
Broadway (theatre)
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Along with Londons West End theatres, Broadway theatres are widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world. The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City, the great majority of Broadway shows are musicals. They presented Shakespeare plays and ballad operas such as The Beggars Opera, in 1752, William Hallam sent a company of twelve actors from Britain to the colonies with his brother Lewis as their manager. They established a theatre in Williamsburg, Virginia and opened with The Merchant of Venice, the company moved to New York in the summer of 1753, performing ballad operas and ballad-farces like Damon and Phillida. The Revolutionary War suspended theatre in New York, but thereafter theatre resumed in 1798, the Bowery Theatre opened in 1826, followed by others. Blackface minstrel shows, a distinctly American form of entertainment, became popular in the 1830s, by the 1840s, P. T. Barnum was operating an entertainment complex in lower Manhattan. In 1829, at Broadway and Prince Street, Niblos Garden opened, the 3, 000-seat theatre presented all sorts of musical and non-musical entertainments. In 1844, Palmos Opera House opened and presented opera for four seasons before bankruptcy led to its rebranding as a venue for plays under the name Burtons Theatre. The Astor Opera House opened in 1847, booth played the role for a famous 100 consecutive performances at the Winter Garden Theatre in 1865, and would later revive the role at his own Booths Theatre. Other renowned Shakespeareans who appeared in New York in this era were Henry Irving, Tommaso Salvini, Fanny Davenport, lydia Thompson came to America in 1868 heading a small theatrical troupe, adapting popular English burlesques for middle-class New York audiences. Thompsons troupe called the British Blondes, was the most popular entertainment in New York during the 1868–1869 theatrical season, the six-month tour ran for almost six extremely profitable years. Theatre in New York moved from downtown gradually to midtown beginning around 1850, in 1870, the heart of Broadway was in Union Square, and by the end of the century, many theatres were near Madison Square. Broadways first long-run musical was a 50-performance hit called The Elves in 1857, New York runs continued to lag far behind those in London, but Laura Keenes musical burletta The Seven Sisters shattered previous New York records with a run of 253 performances. It was at a performance by Keenes troupe of Our American Cousin in Washington, the production was a staggering five-and-a-half hours long, but despite its length, it ran for a record-breaking 474 performances. The same year, The Black Domino/Between You, Me and the Post was the first show to call itself a musical comedy, Tony Pastor opened the first vaudeville theatre one block east of Union Square in 1881, where Lillian Russell performed. Comedians Edward Harrigan and Tony Hart produced and starred in musicals on Broadway between 1878 and 1890, with book and lyrics by Harrigan and music by his father-in-law David Braham. They starred high quality singers, instead of the women of repute who had starred in earlier musical forms. Plays could run longer and still draw in the audiences, leading to better profits, as in England, during the latter half of the century, the theatre began to be cleaned up, with less prostitution hindering the attendance of the theatre by women
Broadway (theatre)
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The Lion King at the
New Amsterdam Theatre in 2003, in the background is
Madame Tussauds New York
Broadway (theatre)
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Interior of the
Park Theatre, built in 1798
Broadway (theatre)
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1868 programme for Ixion
Broadway (theatre)
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The Black Crook (1866), considered by some historians to be the first musical. Poster for the 1873 revival by
The Kiralfy Brothers.
17.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
18.
Screenwriter
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One famous screenwriter is Jack Rosenthal, who has written for various TV shows over the years, including Londons Burning and Coronation Street. No education is required to become a screenwriter, just good storytelling abilities. Screenwriters are not hired employees, they are contracted freelancers, most, if not all, screenwriters start their careers writing on speculation, meaning they write without being hired or paid for it. If such a script is sold, it is called a spec script, what separates a professional screenwriter from an amateur screenwriter is that professional screenwriters are usually represented by a talent agency. Also, professional screenwriters do not often work for free, whereas amateur screenwriters will often work for free and are considered writers in training, spec scripts are usually penned by unknown professional screenwriters and amateur screenwriters. There are a legion of would-be screenwriters who attempt to enter the industry but it often takes years of trial-and-error, failure. In Writing Screenplays that Sell, Michael Hague writes Screenplays have become, for the last half of century, closet writers who used to dream of the glory of getting into print now dream of seeing their story on the big or small screen. Every screenplay and teleplay begins with a thought or idea, and screenwriters use those ideas to write scripts, with the intention of selling them and having them produced. In some cases, the script is based on a property, such as a book or persons life story. The majority of the time, a film project gets initiated by a screenwriter and because they initiated the project and these are referred to as exclusive assignments or pitched assignments. Screenwriters who often pitch new projects, whether original or an adaptation, when word is put out about a project a film studio, production company, or producer wants done, these are referred to as open assignments. In situations where screenwriters are competing for an assignment, more established writers will usually win these assignments. A screenwriter can also be approached and personally offered a writing assignment, many screenwriters also work as full or part-time script doctors, attempting to better a script to suit the desires of a director or studio. For instance, studio management may have a complaint that the motivations of the characters are unclear or that the dialogue is weak, script-doctoring can be quite lucrative, especially for the better known writers. David Mamet and John Sayles, for instance, fund the movies they direct themselves, usually from their own screenplays, by writing and doctoring scripts for others. In fact, some writers make very profitable careers out of being the ninth or tenth writer to work on a piece, in many cases, working on projects that never see exposure to an audience of any size. Many up and coming screenwriters also ghost write projects and allow more established screenwriters to take credit for the project to increase the chances of it getting picked up. After a screenwriter finishes a project, he or she pairs with a representative, such as a producer, director, literary agent, entertainment lawyer
Screenwriter
–
A page of a screenplay
19.
Film director
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A film director is a person who directs the making of a film. Generally, a film director controls a films artistic and dramatic aspects, the director has a key role in choosing the cast members, production design, and the creative aspects of filmmaking. Under European Union law, the director is viewed as the author of the film, the film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized, or noticed. Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions, there are many pathways to becoming a film director. Some film directors started as screenwriters, cinematographers, film editors or actors, other film directors have attended a film school. Some outline a general plotline and let the actors dialogue, while others control every aspect. Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners, some directors edit or appear in their films, or compose the music score for their films. Film directors create a vision through which a film eventually becomes realized/noticed. Realizing this vision includes overseeing the artistic and technical elements of production, as well as directing the shooting timetable. This entails organizing the crew in such a way as to achieve their vision of the film. This requires skills of leadership, as well as the ability to maintain a singular focus even in the stressful. Moreover, it is necessary to have an eye to frame shots and to give precise feedback to cast and crew, thus. Thus the director ensures that all involved in the film production are working towards an identical vision for the completed film. The set of varying challenges he or she has to tackle has been described as a jigsaw puzzle with egos. It adds to the pressure that the success of a film can influence when, omnipresent are the boundaries of the films budget. Additionally, the director may also have to ensure an intended age rating, thus, the position of film director is widely considered to be a highly stressful and demanding one. It has been said that 20-hour days are not unusual, under European Union law, the film director is considered the author or one of the authors of a film, largely as a result of the influence of auteur theory. Auteur theory is a film criticism concept that holds that a directors film reflects the directors personal creative vision
Film director
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American director
Steven Spielberg with Sri Lankan film maker
Chandran Rutnam in Sri Lanka
Film director
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The film director gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, while filming a
costume drama on location in
London.
Film director
–
Director
Pedro Almodóvar and actress
Penélope Cruz
Film director
–
Fritz Lang directing a movie
20.
Theatre director
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The directors function is to ensure the quality and completeness of theatre production and to lead the members of the creative team into realizing their artistic vision for it. If the production he or she is mounting is a new piece of writing or a translation of a play, in contemporary theatre, after the playwright, the director is generally the primary visionary, making decisions on the artistic concept and interpretation of the play and its staging. Different directors occupy different places of authority and responsibility, depending on the structure, Directors use a wide variety of techniques, philosophies, and levels of collaboration. In ancient Greece, the birthplace of European drama, the writer bore principal responsibility for the staging of his plays, the author-director would also train the chorus, sometimes compose the music, and supervise every aspect of production. The fact that the director was called didaskalos, the Greek word for teacher, a miniature by Jean Fouquet from 1460 bears one of the earliest depictions of a director at work. Holding a prompt book, the central figure directs, with the aid of a long stick, from Renaissance times up until the 19th century, the role of director was often carried by the actor-manager. This would usually be an actor in a troupe who took the responsibility for choosing the repertoire of work, staging it. This was the case for instance with Commedia dellArte companies and English actor-managers like Colley Cibber, the modern theatre director can be said to have originated in the staging of elaborate spectacles of the Meininger Company under George II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen. The management of large numbers of extras and complex stagecraft matters necessitated an individual to take on the role of overall coordinator. This gave rise to the role of the director in modern theatre, simultaneously, Constantin Stanislavski, principally an actor-manager, would set up the Moscow Art Theatre in Russia and similarly emancipate the role of the director as artistic visionary. The French regisseur is also used to mean a stage director. A more common term for theatre director in French is metteur en scène, post World War II, the actor-manager slowly started to disappear, and directing become a fully fledged artistic activity within the theatre profession. The director originating artistic vision and concept, and realizing the staging of a production, a cautionary note was introduced by the famed director Sir Tyrone Guthrie who said the only way to learn how to direct a play, is. To get a group of actors simple enough to allow you to let you direct them, most European countries nowadays know some form of professional directing training, usually at drama schools or conservatoires, or at universities. In the early days such programmes typically led to the staging of one major production in the third year. At the University of California, Irvine, Keith Fowler led for many years a programme based on the premise that directors are autodidacts who need as many opportunities to direct as possible. Under Fowler, graduate student directors would stage between five and ten productions during their residencies, with each production receiving detailed critiques. Directing is an artform that has grown with the development of theatre theory, with the emergence of new trends in theatre, so too have directors adopted new methodologies and engaged in new practices
Theatre director
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A director providing instruction
Theatre director
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Jean Fouquet: The Martyrdom of St. Appollonia (1460), depicting the staging of a mystery play, led by a theatre director
Theatre director
–
A portrait of
Constantin Stanislavski by
Valentin Serov
21.
Constantinople
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Constantinople was the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire, and also of the brief Latin, and the later Ottoman empires. It was reinaugurated in 324 AD from ancient Byzantium as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Emperor Constantine the Great, after whom it was named, Constantinople was famed for its massive and complex defences. The first wall of the city was erected by Constantine I, Constantinople never truly recovered from the devastation of the Fourth Crusade and the decades of misrule by the Latins. The origins of the name of Byzantion, more known by the later Latin Byzantium, are not entirely clear. The founding myth of the city has it told that the settlement was named after the leader of the Megarian colonists, Byzas. The later Byzantines of Constantinople themselves would maintain that the city was named in honour of two men, Byzas and Antes, though this was likely just a play on the word Byzantion. During this time, the city was also called Second Rome, Eastern Rome, and Roma Constantinopolitana. As the city became the remaining capital of the Roman Empire after the fall of the West, and its wealth, population, and influence grew. In the language of other peoples, Constantinople was referred to just as reverently, the medieval Vikings, who had contacts with the empire through their expansion in eastern Europe used the Old Norse name Miklagarðr, and later Miklagard and Miklagarth. In Arabic, the city was sometimes called Rūmiyyat al-kubra and in Persian as Takht-e Rum, in East and South Slavic languages, including in medieval Russia, Constantinople was referred to as Tsargrad or Carigrad, City of the Caesar, from the Slavonic words tsar and grad. This was presumably a calque on a Greek phrase such as Βασιλέως Πόλις, the modern Turkish name for the city, İstanbul, derives from the Greek phrase eis tin polin, meaning into the city or to the city. In 1928, the Turkish alphabet was changed from Arabic script to Latin script, in time the city came to be known as Istanbul and its variations in most world languages. In Greece today, the city is still called Konstantinoúpolis/Konstantinoúpoli or simply just the City, apart from this, little is known about this initial settlement, except that it was abandoned by the time the Megarian colonists settled the site anew. A farsighted treaty with the emergent power of Rome in c.150 BC which stipulated tribute in exchange for independent status allowed it to enter Roman rule unscathed. The site lay astride the land route from Europe to Asia and the seaway from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean, and had in the Golden Horn an excellent and spacious harbour. He would later rebuild Byzantium towards the end of his reign, in which it would be briefly renamed Augusta Antonina, fortifying it with a new city wall in his name, Constantine had altogether more colourful plans. Rome was too far from the frontiers, and hence from the armies and the imperial courts, yet it had been the capital of the state for over a thousand years, and it might have seemed unthinkable to suggest that the capital be moved to a different location. Constantinople was built over 6 years, and consecrated on 11 May 330, Constantine divided the expanded city, like Rome, into 14 regions, and ornamented it with public works worthy of an imperial metropolis
Constantinople
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Constantinople in the Byzantine era
Constantinople
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Map of Byzantine Constantinople
Constantinople
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Emperor
Constantine I presents a representation of the city of Constantinople as tribute to an enthroned Mary and Christ Child in this church mosaic.
Hagia Sophia, c. 1000
Constantinople
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Coin struck by Constantine I to commemorate the founding of Constantinople
22.
Windward School
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Windward School is an independent school in the Mar Vista neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. It was founded by writer/teacher Shirley Windward in 1971, the school currently enrolls 540 students in grades 7 through 12. In 1971, two former Paul Revere Middle School teachers, Carl Parsons and Shirley Windward, founded the school in order to open up their classes to people on the West side of Los Angeles. Shirleys husband, Erv Windward, renovated the studios where they lived into classrooms, many new students volunteered to help renovate the studios. The school originally had 14 full-time and part-time teachers who taught 65 students in a building on Wilshire Boulevard. In 1973, Windward School received its first full five-year WASC accreditation as a college-preparatory institution, as the school outgrew its first facilities the campus moved to 1414 21st Street, Santa Monica in September 1974. In 1982, Windward moved to a 9-acre, multi-building campus at 11350 Palms Boulevard, construction of Windwards newest facilities, the Science, Dance & Music Center and the Center for Teaching & Learning, was completed in the summer of 2009. In 2012, Windwards co-founder and namesake, Shirley Windward, died at the age of 93, the school has 44 teams, six full-time coaches,2 full-time athletic trainers, and 30–35 part-time coaches. The schools athletic teams have won California State Championships in several sports, in 2008, the boys varsity teams won the CIF Division VI championships in both soccer and volleyball. In 2011, both the boys and girls varsity teams won the CIF Division IV State Championship. In 2009, the varsity basketball team won the CIF Division V State Championship. In 2012, the varsity volleyball team won the CIF Division III SoCal Regional Championship. The boys varsity 8-man football team won back-to-back CIF Southern Sectional Championships in 2010 and 2011, as of 2012, the school has moved up to play 11-man football and no longer competes in 8-man. In 2017, the Girls Basketball team won the CIF Division I State Championship, Max Bemis, musician, lead singer of Say Anything. Jakob Dylan, musician, lead singer of The Wallflowers, tyler Heineman, baseball player Jenny Johnson Jordan, professional volleyball player and Olympian. Andrew Luster, heir to Max Factor cosmetics fortune, convicted serial rapist, darius Morris, basketball player, drafted out of University of Michigan, has played for several NBA teams. Anna Paquin, actress, Best Supporting Actress Oscar Winner for The Piano, jason Schwartzman, actor, star of Rushmore. Samantha Shapiro, gymnast, six-year member of U. S. National Team, and three-time U. S. elite national champion
Windward School
–
Windward School
23.
Hancock Park, Los Angeles
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Hancock Park is a historic and affluent residential neighborhood in the central region of the City of Los Angeles, California. It is built around the grounds of a golf club. Developed in the 1920s, the neighborhood features architecturally distinctive residences, the neighborhood is low density, with a 70. 7% white, highly educated, older-aged population of 10, 600+ people. Most of the residents are home owners, there are four private and two public schools in the area. Hancock Park was developed in the 1920s by the Hancock family with profits earned from oil drilling in the former Rancho La Brea, the area owes its name to developer-philanthropist George Allan Hancock, who subdivided the property in the 1920s. Hancock Park activists were instrumental in the passage of a 1986 Congressional ban on tunneling through the neighborhood. The ban, sponsored by Congressman Henry Waxman, prevented the Red Line Subway from being routed along Wilshire Boulevard through the neighborhood, street boundaries are Melrose Avenue on the north, Arden Boulevard on the east, Wilshire Boulevard on the south and La Brea Avenue on the west. The neighborhood surrounds the grounds of the Wilshire Country Club, today, the Hancock Park Homeowners Assn. counts about 1,200 homes within the boundaries of Melrose Avenue, Wilshire Boulevard and both sides of Highland and Rossmore avenues. The Hancock Park Homeowners Association defines Melrose Avenue and Wilshire Boulevard as two of the streets of Hancock Park. The houses on both sides of Highland Avenue and Rossmore Avenue, the boundary streets, are defined as a part of Hancock Park. The homeowners association counted 1,200 houses within Hancock Park, the 2000 U. S. census counted 9,804 residents in the 1. 59-square-mile neighborhood—an average of 6,459 people per square mile, including the expanse of the Wilshire Country Club. That figure gave Hancock Park one of the lowest densities in Los Angeles, in 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 10,671. The median age for residents was 37, considered old when compared with the city as a whole, Hancock Park was moderately diverse ethnically. The breakdown was whites,70. 7%, Asians,13. 1%, Latinos,8. 5%, blacks,3. 8%, and others,3. 9%. Korea and the Philippines were the most common places of birth for the 26. 3% of the residents who were born abroad, a figure that was considered low compared to rest of the city. The median yearly income in 2008 dollars was $85,277, a relatively high figure for Los Angeles. The average household size of 2.1 people was low for the city of Los Angeles, renters occupied 52. 7% of the housing units, and house- or apartment owners 47. 3%. The percentages of never-married men and women,41. 3% and 34. 4%, the 2000 census found 203 families headed by single parents, a low rate for both the city and he county
Hancock Park, Los Angeles
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A typical street in Hancock Park, fourth street
Hancock Park, Los Angeles
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El Royale Apts. in Hancock Park
Hancock Park, Los Angeles
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John Burroughs Middle School
Hancock Park, Los Angeles
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Districts and neighborhoods
24.
Manuscript Society
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Manuscript Society is a senior society at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. Toward the end of academic year 16 rising seniors are inducted into the society. Manuscript is reputedly the Arts and letters society at Yale, founded in 1952, Manuscript was Yales seventh landed senior society, that is, its alumni trust owns the societys meeting place or tomb. Manuscript was one of the first of the societies to offer membership to rising female Yale College seniors. The Wrexham Foundation is the societys alumni arm, since 1956, the foundation has underwritten a scholarship in the humanities for a senior who shall be judged to have written the best senior essay in the field of the humanities. Administered by Yale, it is given in memory of Wallace Notestein, M. A.1903 and it holds the number 344 to be sacred. The Society supposedly holds Enlightenment ideals, and the sun and sunflowers are both important symbols to members, the society also retained close connections with the campus literary society Chi Delta Theta in the early 1950s. The society holds a gathering in its tomb on Halloween. A Manuscript event is described in the novel Joe College by Tom Perrotta, designed by King-lui Wu, Manuscripts tomb is mid-century modern, unusual amid other societies elaborate mid-to-late-19th century buildings. It appears from the outside to have one level, yet conceals eight subterranean floors. The tomb holds a vast collection of modern and contemporary art. The Yale University Art Gallery is said to have temporarily stored pieces there, Wu said that he designed the building for privacy, not for secrecy. Dan Kniley was responsible for landscaping and Josef Albers for the brickwork intaglio mural, collegiate secret societies in North America Robbins, Alexandra. Secrets of the Tomb, Skull and Bones, the Ivy League, Joe College, A Novel ISBN 0-312-36178-5 Light & Truth Publication King-lui Wu Architectural Record, November 1965. Ingenious Use of a Narrow Site
Manuscript Society
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An inverted/negative portrait of the Manuscript Tomb with its hidden insignia exposed.
Manuscript Society
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Journalist and historian
Richard Rhodes (1937-) was a member of the class of '59.
Manuscript Society
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Four time Presidential adviser
David Gergen (1942-), was a member of the class of '63.
Manuscript Society
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Prominent senator
H. John Heinz III (1938-1991) was a member of the class of '64.
25.
The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (novel)
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The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie is a novel by Muriel Spark, the best known of her works. It first saw publication in The New Yorker magazine and was published as a book by Macmillan in 1961, the character of Miss Jean Brodie brought Spark international fame and brought her into the first rank of contemporary Scottish literature. In 2005, the novel was chosen by Time magazine as one of the one hundred best English-language novels from 1923 to present, in 1998, the Modern Library ranked The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie #76 on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century. In 1930s Edinburgh, six girls, Sandy, Rose, Mary, Jenny, Monica, and Eunice are assigned Miss Jean Brodie. Under her mentorship, these six girls whom Brodie singles out as the group among her students—known as the Brodie set—begin to stand out from the rest of the school. However, in one of the novels typical flash-forwards we learn one of them will later betray Brodie, ruining her teaching career. In the Junior School, they meet the teacher, the short Mr Gordon Lowther, and the art master, the handsome, one-armed war veteran Mr Teddy Lloyd. These two teachers form a triangle with Miss Brodie, each loving her, while she loves only Mr Lloyd. However, Miss Brodie never overtly acts on her love for Mr Lloyd, except once to exchange a kiss with him, witnessed by Monica. During a two-week absence from school, Miss Brodie embarks on an affair with Mr Lowther on the grounds that a bachelor makes a more respectable paramour, she has renounced Mr Lloyd as he is married. At one point during these two years in the Junior School, Jenny is accosted by a man exposing himself beside the Water of Leith. The police investigation of the exposure leads Sandy to imagine herself as part of a police force seeking incriminating evidence in respect of Brodie. Once the girls are promoted to the Senior School though now dispersed, Miss Brodie keeps in touch with them after school hours by inviting them to her home as she did when they were her pupils. All the while, the headmistress Miss Mackay tries to break them up, Miss Mackay has more than once suggested to Miss Brodie that she should seek employment at a progressive school, Miss Brodie declines to move to what she describes as a crank school. When two other teachers at the school, the Kerr sisters, take part-time employment as Mr Lowthers housekeepers and she sets about fattening him up with extravagant cooking. The girls, now thirteen, visit Miss Brodie in pairs at Mr Lowthers house, at this point Mr Lloyd asks Rose and occasionally the other girls to pose for him as portrait subjects. Each face he paints ultimately resembles Miss Brodie, as her girls report to her in detail, one day when Sandy is visiting Mr Lloyd, he kisses her. Before the Brodie set turns sixteen, Miss Brodie tests her girls to discover which of them she can really trust, Miss Brodie is obsessed with the notion that Rose, as the most beautiful of the Brodie set, should have an affair with Mr Lloyd in her place
The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (novel)
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First edition cover
The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie (novel)
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Miss Brodie and Miss Mackay in
Jay Presson Allen 's stage adaptation of The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie
26.
Cynthia Nixon
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Cynthia Ellen Nixon is an American actress. She is known for her portrayal of Miranda Hobbes in the HBO series, Sex and she reprised the role in the films Sex and the City and Sex and the City 2. Other film credits include Amadeus, The Pelican Brief, Little Manhattan,5 Flights Up, James White, Nixon made her Broadway debut in the 1980 revival of The Philadelphia Story. Other Broadway credits include The Real Thing, Hurlyburly, Indiscretions, The Women, Wit and her other television roles include playing political figures Eleanor Roosevelt in Warm Springs, Michele Davis in Too Big to Fail, and playing Nancy Reagan in the 2016 television film Killing Reagan. Nixon was born in New York City, the child of Anne Elizabeth, originally from Chicago. She is of English and German descent and she is no relation to the late U. S. President Richard Nixon. Nixons parents divorced when she was six years old and she graduated from Hunter College High School and attended Barnard College. In the spring of 1986, she studied abroad with Semester at Sea, Nixons first onscreen appearance was as an imposter on To Tell the Truth, where her mother worked. She began acting at age 12 as the object of a wealthy school mates crush in The Seven Wishes of a Rich Kid and she made her feature debut co-starring with Kristy McNichol and Tatum ONeal in Little Darlings. She made her Broadway debut as Dinah Lord in a 1980 revival of The Philadelphia Story, in 1984, while a freshman at Barnard College, Nixon made theatrical history by simultaneously appearing in two hit Broadway plays directed by Mike Nichols. These were The Real Thing, where Nixon played the daughter of Jeremy Irons and Christine Baranski, and Hurlyburly, the two theaters were just two blocks apart and Nixons roles were both short, so she could run from one to the other. Onscreen, she played the role of Salieris maid/spy, Lorl, in 1985, she appeared alongside Jeff Daniels in Lanford Wilsons Lemon Sky at Second Stage Theatre. She landed her first major supporting role in a movie as an intelligent teenager who aids her boyfriend in building a bomb in Marshall Brickmans The Manhattan Project. She reprised the role for the 2004 sequel Tanner on Tanner and she was the guest star in the second episode of the long running NBC television series Law & Order. She played the role of a woman in a February 1993 episode of Murder, She Wrote titled. Nixon was a member of the Off-Broadway theatrical troupe Drama Dept. Nixon has contributed supporting performances to Addams Family Values, Babys Day Out, Marvins Room. She raised her profile significantly as one of the four regulars on HBOs successful comedy Sex, Nixon received three Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, winning the award in 2004, for the shows final season. In 2002, she landed a role in the indie comedy Igby Goes Down
Cynthia Nixon
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Nixon in May 2014
Cynthia Nixon
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Nixon at the Berlin premiere of
Sex and the City: The Movie, 2008
Cynthia Nixon
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Nixon,
John Hurt and
Swoosie Kurtz at the premiere of
An Englishman in New York, 2009
Cynthia Nixon
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Nixon in 2013
27.
Laura Linney
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Laura Leggett Linney is an American actress. A three-time Academy Award nominee and three-time Tony Award nominee, she won her first Emmy Award in 2002 for Wild Iris, from 2010–13, she starred in the Showtime series The Big C, which won her a fourth Emmy in 2013. She is also a two-time Golden Globe Award winner and she made her screen debut in the 1992 film Lorenzos Oil, and went on to receive Academy Award nominations for You Can Count on Me, Kinsey and The Savages. Her other films include Primal Fear, The Truman Show, Mystic River, Love Actually and The Squid and the Whale. Her mother, Miriam Anderson Ann Perse, was a nurse who worked at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, linneys paternal great-great-grandfather was Republican U. S. Linney grew up in modest circumstances, living with her mother in a small one-bedroom apartment and she has a half-sister, Susan, from her fathers second marriage. She is a 1982 graduate of Northfield Mount Hermon School, a preparatory school in New England. Linney graduated from Brown in 1986 and she went on to study acting at the Juilliard School as a member of Group 19, which also included Jeanne Tripplehorn. Linney later received an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from Juilliard when she delivered the commencement address in 2009. Linney first appeared in roles in a few early 1990s films, including Lorenzos Oil and Dave. She was then cast in a series of thrillers, including Congo, Primal Fear. She made her Hollywood breakthrough in 1998, playing Jim Carreys on-screen wife in The Truman Show, Linney was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in the 2000 film You Can Count on Me. The same year, she appeared in the role of an artists model in the low-budget film Maze with Rob Morrow. In 2003, Linney appeared in notable films, including The Life of David Gale, Love Actually. The latter film earned her a BAFTA Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress and her 2004 performance in Kinsey, again as the title characters wife, was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. In 2005, Linney starred in the horror film The Exorcism of Emily Rose and the comedy-drama The Squid, for the latter role, she received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress in a Musical or Comedy. In 2006, Linney appeared in the political satire Man of the Year, the comedy Driving Lessons, Jindabyne was based on Raymond Carvers short story So Much Water so Close to Home. She received a third Academy Award nomination for The Savages, this time for Best Actress, in 2008, Linney starred in The Other Man, opposite Liam Neeson, with whom she had starred in Kinsey and Love Actually, and Antonio Banderas
Laura Linney
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Linney, a presenter at the Obama Inaugural Celebration at the Lincoln Memorial, January 2009
Laura Linney
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Linney at the 2007
Toronto International Film Festival
Laura Linney
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Linney at the
Chicago International Film Festival, 2007
28.
Philip Seymour Hoffman
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Philip Seymour Hoffman was an American actor, director, and producer of film and theater. Best known for his supporting and character roles – typically lowlifes, bullies. Drawn to theater as a teenager, Hoffman studied acting at New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts and he began his screen career in a 1991 episode of Law & Order and started to appear in films in 1992. He began to play leading roles, and for his portrayal of the author Truman Capote in Capote. The feature Jack Goes Boating marked his debut as a filmmaker, Hoffman was also an accomplished theater actor and director. He joined the off-Broadway LAByrinth Theater Company in 1995, where he directed, produced and his performances in three Broadway plays – True West, Long Days Journey into Night, and Death of a Salesman – all led to Tony Award nominations. Hoffman struggled with drug addiction as an adult, and relapsed in 2013 after many years of sobriety. Hoffman was born on July 23,1967, in the Rochester suburb of Fairport and his mother, Marilyn OConnor, came from nearby Waterloo and worked as an elementary school teacher before becoming a lawyer and eventually a family court judge. His father, Gordon Stowell Hoffman, was a native of Geneva, New York, along with one brother, Gordy, Hoffman had two sisters, Jill and Emily. Hoffman was baptized a Roman Catholic and attended Mass as a child and his parents divorced when he was nine, leaving the children to be raised primarily by their mother. Hoffmans childhood passion was sports, particularly wrestling and baseball, and he recalled in 2008, I was changed – permanently changed – by that experience. It was like a miracle to me, Hoffman developed a love for the theater, and proceeded to attend regularly with his mother, who was a lifelong enthusiast. He remembered that productions of Quilters and Alms for the Middle Class, at the age of 14, Hoffman suffered a neck injury that ended his sporting activity, and he began to consider acting. Encouraged by his mother, he joined a club. Acting gradually became a passion for Hoffman, I loved the camaraderie of it, the people, and thats when I decided it was what I wanted to do. At the age of 17, he was selected to attend the 1984 New York State Summer School of the Arts in Saratoga Springs, Miller later commented on Hoffmans popularity at the time, We were attracted to the fact that he was genuinely serious about what he was doing. Hoffman applied for several drama degree programs and was accepted to New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts, between starting on the program and graduating from Fairport High School, he continued his training at the Circle in the Square Theatres summer program. Hoffman had positive memories of his time at NYU, where he supported himself by working as an usher, with friends, he co-founded the Bullstoi Ensemble acting troupe
Philip Seymour Hoffman
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Philip Seymour Hoffman at the Paris premiere of
The Ides of March in October 2011
Philip Seymour Hoffman
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The village of
Fairport, New York, Hoffman's hometown
Philip Seymour Hoffman
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Hoffman opposite
Robert De Niro in
Flawless (1999) as drag queen Rusty Zimmerman.
Philip Seymour Hoffman
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Hoffman at
Cannes in 2002 promoting
Punch-Drunk Love
29.
Medium (TV series)
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Medium is an American television drama series that premiered on NBC on January 3,2005, ending its run on that network on June 1,2009. The series then moved to CBS on September 25,2009, themed on supernatural gifts, its lead character, Allison DuBois, is a medium employed as a consultant for the Phoenix, Arizona district attorneys office. Allison and her husband Joe are the parents of three daughters, all of whom inherited Allisons gift, the show was initially based on the experiences of medium Allison DuBois, who claims she has worked with law enforcement agencies across the country in criminal investigations. The series aired on NBC during its first five seasons before switching to CBS for the sixth and seventh seasons, the production division of CBS had assumed production of Medium in 2006 after absorbing the television arm of the Paramount Pictures film studio. Paramounts home entertainment arm still held DVD distribution rights in conjunction with CBS DVD, on December 21,2010, CBS announced that the show had been canceled after seven seasons. The series finale aired exactly a month later, one challenge is convincing Devalos — and other doubters in the criminal justice system — that her psychic abilities can give them the upper hand when it comes to solving crimes. Information comes to her in dreams or in visions that sometimes do not mean what they initially suggest. The other is convincing Joe that her nightmares are based in reality. In police investigations, Allison often accompanies Det, Lee Scanlon, who initially did not believe in her gift. Allison sometimes bends the rules when she is determined to stop a crime about which she has had a vision, in season four, it was revealed that Cynthia had a missing daughter. Allisons dreams showed that Cynthias daughter was dead, Cynthia made a choice to kill the murderer of her daughter and go to prison. Cynthia later appeared in five to help Allison on a case. Also during this season, it was revealed that Lynn DiNovi, Lees live-in lover, in the season five finale, Allison discovers that she has a tumor on her brainstem. To prevent the murders of her family in the future. During her operation the tumor was removed, except for a small piece deeply embedded in her brainstem, Joe is told that Allison is in a coma. In the sixth-season premiere episode, Allison awoke from the coma and was suffering the consequences of postponing the surgery, Allisons psychic abilities slowly begin to resurface as a form of déjà vu. At the end of the episode, Allison is also slowly recovering her physical abilities, since the season six premiere, eldest daughter Ariel has taken the role of nurturing her siblings Bridgette and Marie. Ariel also falls victim to a possession, from which she recovers with Allisons help
Medium (TV series)
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Medium intertitle
30.
Fracture (2007 film)
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Fracture is a 2007 American-German legal drama film, starring Anthony Hopkins and Ryan Gosling, and directed by Gregory Hoblit. It is the story of a man who shoots his wife, placing her into a coma. The film has a 72% approval rating from Rotten Tomatoes and grossed $91 million, theodore Ted Crawford, a wealthy and talented Irish aeronautical engineer in Los Angeles, discovers that his wife Jennifer is having an affair with police detective Robert Nunally. After confronting his wife, Crawford shoots her, seriously wounding her, police arrive on he scene, including Nunally. Nunally enters the house and convinces Crawford than they should put down their guns and Crawford confesses he shot his wife. Crawford engages in a battle of wits with rising star deputy district attorney William Willy Beachum, at the trial, Crawford acts as his own attorney, thereby matching up a star prosecutor against a supposedly untrained litigant. Crawford reveals that the officer was having an affair with his wife, assaulted him during his arrest. Crawfords confession is ruled to be inadmissible as evidence, as it was fruit of the poisonous tree, Beachum discovers that Crawfords handgun was not used to shoot his wife because it had never been fired and did not match the shell casings at the crime scene. As the house was under surveillance the entire time from the shooting to Crawfords arrest, Beachum is tempted by Nunallys scheme to plant false evidence to implicate Crawford but decides against it at the last minute. With no new evidence to present to the jury, Beachum is forced to concede the trial, the disgraced Nunally commits suicide outside the courtroom. After the trial, Beachums future with the firm is in tatters. However, he begins to see his job as a D. A. as a means of fighting injustice for those like Crawfords wife. Crawford himself observes this change, joking scathingly that Beachum has found God and this motivates Beachum to continue searching for evidence almost obsessively. Realizing that Crawfords plan is to dispose of the eyewitness to the crime. Beachum arrives at the hospital but is unable to prevent staff turning off Jennifers life support, a mix-up of cell phones causes Beachum to realize that both Nunally and Crawford used the same type of gun, a.45 caliber Glock 21. He figures out that before the crime Crawford switched his gun with Nunallys in a room where Jennifer. Crawford shot his wife with Nunallys gun, and then reloaded it, the detective arrived on the scene carrying Crawfords gun, and both Crawford and Nunally laid their weapons down as a preliminary move in hostage negotiations. When Nunally became aware of who the victim was, and tried to revive Jennifer, Crawford switched the guns
Fracture (2007 film)
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Theatrical release poster
Fracture (2007 film)
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The performances of both
Anthony Hopkins and
Ryan Gosling were particularly praised by most of the film critics.
Fracture (2007 film)
31.
In the Valley of Elah
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In the Valley of Elah is a 2007 crime drama mystery film written and directed by Paul Haggis, starring Tommy Lee Jones, Charlize Theron, and Susan Sarandon. The film’s title refers to the Biblical valley where the battle between David and Goliath took place, Paul Haggiss In The Valley of Elah is based on actual events, although the characters names and locations have been changed. The screenplay was inspired by journalist Mark Boals Death and Dishonor and it portrays a military fathers search for his son and, after finding his body, subsequent hunt for his sons killers. The film explores themes including the Iraq war, abuse of prisoners, post-traumatic stress disorder following active combat, the film tells the story of military police veteran Hank Deerfield, his wife Joan and their search for their son Mike. A soldier recently returned from Iraq, Mike has suddenly gone missing, deerfields investigation is aided by a police detective, who becomes personally involved in the case. They find Mikes body, dismembered and burned, military officials initially attempt to block the police investigation, they suggest Mikes death was due to drug-related violence. His platoon mates who last saw him lie to Deerfield and the police, Deerfield tells the police that although he suspects the soldiers are lying about something, he believes they could not have killed their comrade. It turns out that Deerfield is wrong, the soldiers had killed and dismembered Mike after a seemingly insignificant quarrel. The soldier who confesses to Deerfield and the police seems emotionally detached from his words and actions, Davis of Baker Company, 1-15 IN. Davis was an Iraq War veteran who was murdered soon after his home in 2003. Richard Davis father, Lanny Davis, was a military police officer. He mounted his own investigation into the crime, as did the character played by Jones in the film, Davis commented, Its a strong movie and a good movie. And its going to make a lot of people think, in 2004, freelance journalist Mark Boal wrote an article about Richard Davis murder, entitled Death and Dishonor, published in Playboy. This inspired Haggis, who adapted the account for his screenplay, Davis story was told in a 2006 episode, Duty, Death and Dishonor, of the CBS News program 48 Hours Mystery. A non-fiction book about the case, by author Cilla McCain, titled Murder in Baker Company. The Richard Davis Foundation for Peace works on issues related to Davis murder, such as improved screening of military recruits and it is compiling a list of suicides and murders connected to the Iraq War for a memorial. Haggis initially approached Clint Eastwood to play the part of Hank Deerfield, Eastwood declined the opportunity because he was involved with other projects. The film premiered September 1,2007, at the Venice Film Festival and was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival
In the Valley of Elah
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Theatrical release poster
32.
Ethan Hawke
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Ethan Green Hawke is an American actor, writer, and director. He has been nominated for four Academy Awards and a Tony Award, Hawke has directed two feature films, three Off-Broadway plays, and a documentary, and written the novels The Hottest State, Ash Wednesday, and Rules for a Knight. He made his debut in 1985 with the science fiction feature Explorers. He then appeared in films before taking a role in the 1994 Generation X drama Reality Bites. Hawke was further honored with SAG Award nominations for films, along with BAFTA Award and Golden Globe Award nominations for the latter. Hawke was born in Austin, Texas, to Leslie, a charity worker, and James Hawke, Hawkes parents were high school sweethearts in Fort Worth, Texas, and married young, when Hawkes mother was 17. Hawke was born a year later, Hawkes parents were students at the University of Texas at Austin at the time of his birth, and separated and later divorced in 1974. After the separation, Hawke was then raised by his mother, the two relocated several times, before settling in New York City, where Hawke attended the Packer Collegiate Institute in Brooklyn Heights. Hawkes mother remarried when he was 10 and the moved to West Windsor Township, New Jersey. He later transferred to the Hun School of Princeton, a boarding school. In high school, Hawke aspired to be a writer, and he twice enrolled in New York Universitys English program, but dropped out both times to pursue acting roles. Hawke obtained his mothers permission to attend his first casting call at age 14 and he secured his first film role in 1985s Explorers, in which he played an alien-obsessed schoolboy alongside River Phoenix. The film received favorable reviews but had poor box office revenues, Hawke later described the disappointment as difficult to bear at such a young age, adding I would never recommend that a kid act. His next film appearance was not until 1989s comedy drama Dad, in 1989, Hawke made his breakthrough appearance, playing a shy student opposite Robin Williamss inspirational English teacher in Dead Poets Society. The film was critically well-received, the Variety reviewer noted Hawke, with revenue of US$235 million worldwide, the film remains Hawkes most commercially successful picture to date. Hawke later described the opportunities he was offered as a result of the success as critical to his decision to continue acting, I didnt want to be an actor. But then the success was so monumental that I was getting offers to be in such interesting movies and be in such interesting places, Hawkes next film, 1991s White Fang, brought his first leading role. The film, an adaptation of Jack Londons novel of the name, featured Hawke as Jack Conroy
Ethan Hawke
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Hawke at the 2009 Venice International Film Festival
Ethan Hawke
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Hawke at the premiere of
The Hottest State in
Austin, Texas, September 2007
Ethan Hawke
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Hawke at the 2007 Toronto International Film Festival
Ethan Hawke
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Hawke at the premiere of
Before Midnight in
Berlin, Germany, February 2013
33.
Deauville American Film Festival
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The Deauville American Film Festival is a yearly film festival devoted to American cinema, taking place since 1975 in Deauville, France. It was established by Lionel Chouchan, André Halimi, and then Mayor of Deauville Michel dOrnano, although not competitive at its origin, the festival began to award prizes in 1995, for feature films, and 1998 for short films. This award was named Grand Prix spécial Deauville from 1995 to 2007,1989, Torch Song Trilogy by Paul Bogart 1990, Pump Up the Volume by Allan Moyle Tune in Tomorrow by Jon Amiel 1991, Trust by Hal Hartley Hangin with the Homeboys by Joseph B. It carries a grant of 3,000 euros for the awarded director-writer,3,000 euros for the films producer, and 10,000 euros for the French distributor to help promote the film. The award, which is named in honour of the former Mayor of Deauville and co-founder of the festival, thomas for Willy 1er The Revelation Prize is awarded by a Revelation jury composed of up-and-coming actors and filmmakers. 1996, Charlotte Rampling, Sabine Azéma, René Cleitman, Dominique Farrugia, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Chiara Mastroianni, Laura Morante, Ornella Muti, Melvil Poupaud and Alain Rocca. 1997, Sophie Marceau, Élodie Bouchez, Philippe Carcassonne, Étienne Chatiliez, Alain Finkielkraut, John Hurt, Michèle Laroque, Inés Sastre, Nathalie Quintane and Lambert Wilson. 1998, Jean-Paul Rappeneau, Michèle Halberstadt, Sandrine Kiberlain, Virginie Ledoyen, Russell Banks, Maurice Bernart, Alessandro Gassman, Ewan McGregor, Liam Neeson, Éric Serra and Christian Vincent. 1999, Régis Wargnier, Jean-Hugues Anglade, Humbert Balsan, Richard Berry, Gabriel Byrne, Jean-Pierre Dionnet, Marie Gillain, Michel Houellebecq, Marie-France Pisier and Elsa Zylberstein. 2000, Neil Jordan, Guillaume Canet, Clotilde Courau, Tchéky Karyo, Philippe Labro, Samuel Le Bihan, François Ozon, Vincent Perez, Danièle Thompson and Marie Trintignant. 2001, Jean-Jacques Annaud, Sandrine Bonnaire, Marion Cotillard, Arielle Dombasle, Gérard Darmon, Jean-Pierre Jeunet, Darius Khondji, Benoît Poelvoorde and Gabriel Yared. 2002, Pierre Lescure, Chantal Akerman, Richard Anconina, Jean-Marc Barr, Charles Berling, Amira Casar, Julie Gayet, Irène Jacob, Cédric Kahn and Bruno Wolkowitch. 2003, Roman Polanski, Claudia Cardinale, Pawel Edelman, Jacques Fieschi, Ben Kingsley, Anne Parillaud, Zbigniew Preisner, Ludivine Sagnier, Fernando Trueba and Tom Tykwer. 2004, Claude Lelouch, Anouk Aimée, Marie-Josée Croze, Danièle Heymann, Diane Kurys, Jeanne Labrune, Lio, Claudie Ossard, Bettina Rheims and Mathilde Seigner. 2005, Alain Corneau, Enki Bilal, Dominique Blanc, Romane Bohringer, Rachida Brakni, Christophe, Dominik Moll, Melvil Poupaud and Brigitte Roüan. 2006, Nicole Garcia, Maurice Barthélémy, Guillaume Canet, Amira Casar, Emmanuelle Castro, Antoine de Caunes, Julien Clerc, Philippe Djian and Marthe Keller. 2007, André Téchiné, Odile Barski, Xavier Beauvois, Nicolas Cazalé, Charlélie Couture, Émilie Deleuze, Anouk Grinberg,2008, Carole Bouquet, Édouard Baer, Ronit Elkabetz, Diane Fleri, Pierre Jolivet, Cédric Kahn, Cristian Mungiu, Leonor Silveira and Dean Tavoularis. 2009, Jean-Pierre Jeunet, Hiam Abbass, Dany Boon, Jean-Loup Dabadie, Émilie Dequenne, Déborah François, Sandrine Kiberlain, Patrice Leconte, Géraldine Pailhas and Bruno Podalydès
Deauville American Film Festival
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Sharon Stone at the Deauville American Film Festival in 1991
Deauville American Film Festival
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George Clooney (2007)
34.
William Inge
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William Motter Inge was an American playwright and novelist, whose works typically feature solitary protagonists encumbered with strained sexual relations. In the early 1950s, he had a string of memorable Broadway productions, including Picnic, with his portraits of small-town life and settings rooted in the American heartland, Inge became known as the Playwright of the Midwest. Inge was born in Independence, Kansas, the child of Maude Sarah Gibson-Inge. Inge attended Independence Community College and graduated from the University of Kansas in 1935 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Speech, while at the University of Kansas, Inge was a member of the Nu Chapter of Sigma Nu. Offered a scholarship to work on a Master of Arts degree, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to attend the George Peabody College for Teachers, Back in Kansas, he worked as a laborer on the state highway and a Wichita news announcer. From 1937 to 1938 he taught English and drama at Cherokee County Community High School in Columbus, after returning and completing his Masters at Peabody in 1938, he taught at Stephens College, in Columbia, Missouri, from 1938 to 1943. Inge began as a critic at the St. Louis Star-Times in 1943. With Tennessee Williamss encouragement, Inge wrote his first play, Farther Off from Heaven, while a teacher at Washington University in St. Louis in 1946–1949, he wrote Come Back, Little Sheba. It ran on Broadway for 190 performances in 1950, winning Tony Awards for Shirley Booth and it was while teaching at Washington University that Inges struggles with alcoholism became more acute and, in 1947, he joined Alcoholics Anonymous. If it does make it to Broadway, I dont know when Ill be back, Inge never had to return to St. Louis. In 1953, Inge received a Pulitzer Prize for Picnic, a based on women he had known as a small child, When I was a boy in Kansas. There were three school teachers living in the house. I was four years old, and they were nice to me, I saw their attempts, and, even as a child, I sensed every woman’s failure. I began to sense the sorrow and the emptiness in their lives, Picnic had a successful Broadway run from February 19,1953, to April 10,1954. A film adaptation made in 1955 was directed by Joshua Logan, in 1953 Inges play Glory in the Flower was telecast on Omnibus with a cast of Hume Cronyn, Jessica Tandy, and James Dean. In 1955 his play Bus Stop premiered and its inspiration came from people he met in Tonganoxie, Kansas. Nominated for four Tony Awards including Best Play, it was made into a 1956 film starring Marilyn Monroe, a major regional revival of Bus Stop was held at the Huntington Theatre in Boston in September and October 2010. In 1957 he wrote The Dark at the Top of the Stairs, the play was nominated for five Tony Awards including Best Play, and was adapted as a film in 1960
William Inge
–
For other people named William Inge, see
William Inge (disambiguation).
William Inge
–
Portrait of William Inge by
Carl Van Vechten
William Inge
35.
The New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946
The New York Times
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Cover of The New York Times (November 15, 2012), with the headline story reporting on
Operation Pillar of Defense.
The New York Times
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First published issue of New-York Daily Times, on September 18, 1851.
The New York Times
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The Times Square Building, The New York Times ' publishing headquarters, 1913–2007
The New York Times
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The New York Times newsroom, 1942
36.
Anton Chekhov
–
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a Russian playwright and short story writer, who is considered to be among the greatest writers of short fiction in history. His career as a playwright produced four classics and his best short stories are held in esteem by writers. Along with Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg, Chekhov is often referred to as one of the three figures in the birth of early modernism in the theatre. Chekhov practiced as a medical doctor throughout most of his career, Medicine is my lawful wife, he once said. These four works present a challenge to the ensemble as well as to audiences, because in place of conventional action Chekhov offers a theatre of mood. Chekhov had at first written stories only for financial gain, but as his artistic ambition grew and he made no apologies for the difficulties this posed to readers, insisting that the role of an artist was to ask questions, not to answer them. Anton Chekhov was born on the feast day of St. Anthony the Great 29 January 1860, the third of six surviving children, in Taganrog, a port on the Sea of Azov in southern Russia. His father, Pavel Yegorovich Chekhov, the son of a serf and his Ukrainian wife, were from the village Vilkhovatka near Kobeliaky. A director of the choir, devout Orthodox Christian, and physically abusive father. Chekhovs mother, Yevgeniya, was an excellent storyteller who entertained the children with tales of her travels with her cloth-merchant father all over Russia and our talents we got from our father, Chekhov remembered, but our soul from our mother. Despotism and lying so mutilated our childhood that its sickening and frightening to think about it, remember the horror and disgust we felt in those times when Father threw a tantrum at dinner over too much salt in the soup and called Mother a fool. Chekhov attended the Greek School in Taganrog and the Taganrog Gymnasium and he sang at the Greek Orthodox monastery in Taganrog and in his fathers choirs. In 1876, Chekhovs father was declared bankrupt after overextending his finances building a new house, to avoid debtors prison he fled to Moscow, where his two eldest sons, Alexander and Nikolay, were attending university. The family lived in poverty in Moscow, Chekhovs mother physically and emotionally broken by the experience, Chekhov was left behind to sell the familys possessions and finish his education. Chekhov remained in Taganrog for three years, boarding with a man called Selivanov who, like Lopakhin in The Cherry Orchard, had bailed out the family for the price of their house. Chekhov had to pay for his own education, which he managed by private tutoring, catching and selling goldfinches and he sent every ruble he could spare to his family in Moscow, along with humorous letters to cheer them up. Chekhov also enjoyed a series of affairs, one with the wife of a teacher. In 1879, Chekhov completed his schooling and joined his family in Moscow, Chekhov now assumed responsibility for the whole family
Anton Chekhov
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Anton Chekhov
Anton Chekhov
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Birth house of Anton Chekhov
Anton Chekhov
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Young Chekhov in 1882
Anton Chekhov
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The Taganrog Boys Gymnasium in the late 19th century. The cross on top is no longer present.
37.
The Seagull
–
The Seagull is a play by Russian dramatist Anton Chekhov, written in 1895 and first produced in 1896. The Seagull is generally considered to be the first of his four major plays, though the character of Trigorin is considered Chekhovs greatest male role like Chekhovs other full-length plays, The Seagull relies upon an ensemble cast of diverse, fully developed characters. In contrast to the melodrama of mainstream 19th-century theatre, lurid actions are not shown onstage, characters tend to speak in ways that skirt around issues rather than addressing them directly, in other words, their lines are full of what is known in dramatic practice as subtext. The opening night of the first production was a famous failure, Vera Komissarzhevskaya, playing Nina, was so intimidated by the hostility of the audience that she lost her voice. Chekhov left the audience and spent the last two acts behind the scenes, when supporters wrote to him that the production later became a success, he assumed that they were merely trying to be kind. When Konstantin Stanislavsky, the seminal Russian theatre practitioner of the time, directed it in 1898 for his Moscow Art Theatre, the play was a triumph. Stanislavskis production of The Seagull became one of the greatest events in the history of Russian theatre and one of the greatest new developments in the history of world drama. After purchasing the Melikhovo farm in 1892, Chekhov had built in the middle of a cherry orchard a lodge consisting of three rooms, one containing a bed and another a writing table. In spring, when the cherries were in blossom, it was pleasant to live in this lodge, Chekhov eventually moved in and in a letter written in October 1895 wrote, I am writing a play which I shall probably not finish before the end of November. I am writing it not without pleasure, though I swear fearfully at the conventions of the stage and its a comedy, there are three womens parts, six mens, four acts, landscapes, a great deal of conversation about literature, little action, tons of love. Thus he acknowledged a departure from traditional dramatic action and this departure would become a critical hallmark of the Chekhovian theater. Chekhovs statement also reflects his view of the play as comedy, after the plays disastrous opening night his friend Aleksey Suvorin chided him as being womanish and accused him of being in a funk. Chekhov vigorously denied this, stating, Why this libel, after the performance I had supper at Romanovs. Then I went to bed, slept soundly, and next day went home without uttering a sound of complaint, I acted as coldly and reasonably as a man who has made an offer, received a refusal, and has nothing left but to go. Yes, my vanity was stung, but you know it was not a bolt from the blue, I was expecting a failure, and was prepared for it, as I warned you with perfect sincerity beforehand. He is the brother of the famous actress Arkadina, who has just arrived at the estate for a vacation with her lover. Sorin and his guests gather at a stage to see an unconventional play that Arkadinas son, Konstantin Treplyov, has written. The play-within-a-play features Nina, a woman who lives on a neighboring estate
The Seagull
–
Maly Theatre production in 2008
The Seagull
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Guest cottage at
Melikhovo where Chekhov wrote The Seagull
The Seagull
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Chekhov reads The Seagull with the
Moscow Art Theatre company.
Chekhov reads (centre),
Stanislavski (to the left of him) and
Meyerhold (seated far right) listen.
The Seagull
–
Studio portrait of
Stanislavski as Trigorin from the 1898
Moscow Art Theatre production
38.
Kristin Scott Thomas
–
Dame Kristin Ann Scott Thomas, DBE is an English actress. She won the Best Supporting Actress BAFTA Award for Four Weddings, for her work in the theatre, she has been nominated for the Olivier Award for Best Actress five times, winning in 2008 for the Royal Court revival of The Seagull. Scott Thomas made her debut in the Prince-directed Under the Cherry Moon in 1986, Further film roles include Bitter Moon, Mission, Impossible, The Horse Whisperer, Gosford Park. She has also worked in French cinema, winning the European Film Award for Best Actress for Philippe Claudels Ive Loved You So Long and her other French films include The Valet, Tell No One, Leaving and Sarahs Key. Scott Thomas was born in Redruth, Cornwall, Scott Thomas was brought up as a Roman Catholic. Her childhood home was in Trent, Dorset, England and her mother remarried, to another Royal Navy pilot, who also died in a flying accident, six years after the death of her father. Scott Thomas was educated at Cheltenham Ladies College and St Antonys Leweston in Sherborne, Dorset, on leaving school she moved to Hampstead, London, and worked in a department store. She then began training to be a teacher at the Central School of Speech. On being told she would never be a good enough actress and her breakthrough role was in a 1988 adaptation of Evelyn Waughs A Handful of Dust, where she won an Evening Standard British Film Award for most promising newcomer. This was followed by roles opposite Hugh Grant in Bitter Moon and Four Weddings,1996 saw the release of her most famous role as Katharine Clifton in The English Patient, which gained her Golden Globe and Oscar nominations as well as critical acclaim. This was followed by a period working in Hollywood on films such as The Horse Whisperer with Robert Redford. However, growing disillusioned with Hollywood, she took a year off to give birth to her third child and she reprised the role in New York in September 2008. In summer 2011 Scott Thomas returned to Londons West End to star as Emma in Harold Pinters Betrayal at the Comedy Theatre, the revival was directed by Ian Rickson. Her husband was played by Ben Miles and the triangle was completed by Douglas Henshall. In January 2013, she starred in another Pinter play, Old Times, in 2014 she appeared at The Old Vic in the title role of Sophocless Electra. Scott Thomas also has acted in French films, in 2006, she played the role of Hélène, in French, in Ne le dis à personne, by French director Guillaume Canet. In 2008, Scott Thomas received many accolades for her performance in Il y a longtemps que je taime, including BAFTA and Golden Globe nominations for Best Actress. She was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2003 Birthday Honours and she was named a Chevalier of the Légion dhonneur by the French Government in 2005
Kristin Scott Thomas
–
Kristin Scott Thomas at the Cabourg Film Festival 2013
Kristin Scott Thomas
–
Scott Thomas at the
2009 Cannes Film Festival.
39.
Peter Sarsgaard
–
John Peter Sarsgaard is an American actor. He landed his first feature role in the movie Dead Man Walking in 1995 and he then appeared in the 1998 independent films Another Day in Paradise and Desert Blue. That same year, Sarsgaard received a role in The Man in the Iron Mask, playing Raoul. Sarsgaard later achieved recognition when he was cast in Boys Dont Cry as John Lotter. He landed his first leading role in the 2001 film The Center of the World, the following year, he played supporting roles in Empire, The Salton Sea, and K-19, The Widowmaker. Sarsgaard has also appeared in Off-Broadway productions including Kingdom of Earth, Laura Dennis, in September 2008, he made his Broadway debut as Boris Alexeyevich Trigorin in The Seagull. Sarsgaard appeared in the production of Uncle Vanya in January 2009. Sarsgaard is married to actress Maggie Gyllenhaal, Sarsgaard was born at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, the son of Judy Lea and John Dale Sarsgard. His father was an Air Force engineer and later worked for Monsanto and his surname originates in Denmark, where two of his paternal great-great-grandparents were born. Sarsgaard was raised a Roman Catholic and served as an altar boy and his family moved more than 12 times during his childhood, following his fathers job. At the age of 7, Sarsgaard originally wanted to become a soccer player, after suffering several bad concussions while playing soccer, he gave up the sport and became interested in writing and theater. Sarsgaard attended Fairfield College Preparatory School, a private Jesuit boys school in Connecticut, while at WUSTL, Sarsgaard began performing in plays in an offshoot of New Yorks Actors Studio, His first role was as the servant Laurent in Molières Tartuffe. In 1993, he graduated with a degree in history and moved to New York and he appeared in his first film role in Dead Man Walking, where he was cast as a murdered teenager, killed by Sean Penns character. He received his role in the 1998 film The Man in the Iron Mask, where he played Raoul. The film uses characters from Alexandre Dumas dArtagnan Romances, and is loosely adapted from some plot elements of The Vicomte de Bragelonne. The film received ambivalent reviews, but was a success at the box office, in 1999, Sarsgaard earned critical recognition in Kimberly Peirces Boys Dont Cry, where he was cast as notorious killer John Lotter. The film is based on the story of Brandon Teena. Boys Don’t Cry received overwhelmingly positive acclaim from critics, and his performance was well received
Peter Sarsgaard
–
Sarsgaard in
St. Louis, Missouri, 2007
Peter Sarsgaard
–
Sarsgaard attending the European premiere of
The Dark Knight in 2008
Peter Sarsgaard
–
Sarsgaard with the cast of Green Lantern at the 2010
San Diego Comic-Con International.
Peter Sarsgaard
–
Sarsgaard and
Maggie Gyllenhaal at the New York premiere of
An Education in October 2009.
40.
Me and Orson Welles
–
Me and Orson Welles is a 2008 British-American period drama film directed by Richard Linklater and starring Zac Efron, Christian McKay, and Claire Danes. He becomes attracted to a production assistant. McKays portrayal of Welles was recognized with a multitude of accolades, the company is immersed in rehearsals at its Broadway theater. Charmed by Welles, Richard infers that he is having an affair with the actress while his wife is pregnant. Richard finds ambitious production assistant Sonja Jones is attracted to him, during rehearsals Richard accidentally sets off the sprinkler system, soaking the entire theatre. When accused by Welles he denies having anything to do with the deluge, Welles decides the entire production crew would benefit from a coupling game, and Richard cheats to ensure he is paired with Sonja. Richard spends the night with Sonja, but becomes jealous when she spends the night with Welles. He confronts Welles, mentions his pregnant wife, and is fired, an apparent reconciliation follows, and Richard performs on the first night. The broken-hearted but wiser Richard spontaneously recites lines from Julius Caesar in his high school English class and he later meets up with a likely new girlfriend, Gretta Adler, a young aspiring playwright whom he met in a music store at the films beginning. With Richards and Sonjas assistance, Adler manages to get a story published in The New Yorker, adapted the films screenplay from Robert Kaplows novel of the same name about a teenager involved in the founding of Orson Welles Mercury Theatre. In the theatre, Christian McKay had portrayed Orson Welles in the one-man play Rosebud, The Lives of Orson Welles at a number of venues, including the Edinburgh Festival and Kings Head. Me and Orson Welles underwent filming in the Isle of Man, Pinewood Studios, London, during filming in Douglas, Efron and Danes believe they sighted a ghost, or supernatural being, outside a window on set at Gaiety Theatre. Filming in Britain resumed in late March for six weeks at Pinewood Studios, other locations included Crystal Palace Park, where a façade of New Yorks Mercury Theatre was set up for a scene. Actor James Tupper claimed that the best replica of an old New York theater was in England, the production crew only briefly visited New York, photographs were taken and footage shot to be added into the film as digital effects. Select footage of Me and Orson Welles was screened at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival where financing and its first full screening was at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival, running September 4–13,2008. Again, however, the distribution rights were not purchased and it went on to show at the South by Southwest festival in Austin. In May 2009, production company CinemaNX announced that it would distribute Me and Orson Welles itself, louis International Film Festival in November 2009. The film was released in the US on November 25,2009, indieWIRE reported, The do-it-yourself release of Richard Linklaters Me and Orson Welles got off to a very nice start, averaging $15,910 from its four theaters, the highest PTA of all debuting films
Me and Orson Welles
–
Theatrical release poster
Me and Orson Welles
–
The
Gaiety Theatre, Isle of Man, stood in for the
Mercury Theatre, which was demolished in 1942
41.
Louisville, KY
–
Louisville is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 30th-most populous city in the United States. It is one of two cities in Kentucky designated as first-class, the other being the states second-largest city of Lexington, Louisville is the historical seat and, since 2003, the nominal seat of Jefferson County. Louisville was founded in 1778 by George Rogers Clark and is named after King Louis XVI of France, making Louisville one of the oldest cities west of the Appalachian Mountains. Sited beside the Falls of the Ohio, the major obstruction to river traffic between the upper Ohio River and the Gulf of Mexico, the settlement first grew as a portage site. It was the city of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. Its main airport is also the site of United Parcel Services worldwide air hub, since 2003, Louisvilles borders have been the same as those of Jefferson County because of a city-county merger. The official name of this consolidated city-county government is the Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government, the citys total consolidated population as of the 2014 census estimate was 760,026. However, the total of 612,780 excludes other incorporated places and semiautonomous towns within the county and is the population listed in most sources. As of 2014, the MSA had a population of 1,269,702, the history of Louisville spans hundreds of years, and has been influenced by the areas geography and location. The rapids at the Falls of the Ohio created a barrier to river travel, the first European settlement in the vicinity of modern-day Louisville was on Corn Island in 1778 by Col. George Rogers Clark, credited as the founder of Louisville. Several landmarks in the community are named after him, two years later, in 1780, the Virginia General Assembly approved the town charter of Louisville. The city was named in honor of King Louis XVI of France, early residents lived in forts to protect themselves from Indian raids, but moved out by the late 1780s. In 1803, explorers Meriwether Lewis and William Clark organized their expedition across America in the town of Clarksville, Indiana at the present-day Falls of the Ohio opposite Louisville, Kentucky. The citys early growth was influenced by the fact river boats had to be unloaded and moved downriver before reaching the falls. By 1828, the population had swelled to 7,000, the city grew rapidly in its formative years. Louisville was a shipping port and slaves worked in a variety of associated trades. The city was often a point of escape for slaves to the north, during the Civil War, Louisville was a major stronghold of Union forces, which kept Kentucky firmly in the Union. It was the center of planning, supplies, recruiting, and transportation for numerous campaigns, by the end of the war, Louisville had not been attacked, although skirmishes and battles, including the battles of Perryville and Corydon, took place nearby
Louisville, KY
–
From top:
Louisville downtown skyline at night,
Cathedral of the Assumption,
Thunder Over Louisville fireworks during the
Kentucky Derby Festival,
Kentucky Derby,
Louisville Slugger Museum & Factory,
Fourth Street Live!,
The Kentucky Center for the Performing Arts
Louisville, KY
–
Louisville's founder,
George Rogers Clark
Louisville, KY
–
View of Main Street Louisville in 1846
Louisville, KY
–
Memorial to the
1890 tornado, on Main Street in
downtown Louisville
42.
Christopher Walken
–
He was nominated for the same award and won BAFTA and Screen Actors Guild Awards for his performance as Frank Abagnale Sr. in Catch Me If You Can. Walkens films have grossed more than $1 billion in the United States and he has also played the lead in the Shakespeare plays Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and Juliet and Coriolanus. He is a popular guest-host of Saturday Night Live, having hosted seven times as of April 2008, Walken debuted as a film director and scriptwriter with the short film Popcorn Shrimp in 2001. He also wrote and acted the role in a play about his idol Elvis Presley, titled Him. Named after actor Ronald Colman, Walken was born Ronald Walken on March 31,1943 in Astoria, Queens, New York City. He is the son of Rosalie, a British emigrant from Glasgow, Scotland, and Paul Wälken and his father owned and operated Walkens Bakery in Astoria. Influenced by their mothers own dreams of stardom, he and his brothers, Kenneth, at age 15, when a girlfriend showed him a magazine photo of Elvis, Walken said, This guy looked like a Greek god. Then I saw him on television and he changed his hairstyle to imitate Elvis and hasnt changed it since. As a teenager, he worked as a lion tamer in a circus, Walken initially trained as a dancer in music theatre at the Washington Dance Studio before moving on to dramatic roles in theatre and then film. As a child, Walken appeared on screen as an extra in numerous anthology series, after appearing in a sketch with Martin and Lewis on The Colgate Comedy Hour, Walken decided to become an actor. He landed a role in the 1953 television show The Wonderful John Acton as the shows narrator. During this time, he was credited as Ronnie Walken, over the next two years, he appeared frequently on television and had a thriving career in theatre. From 1954 to 1956, Walken and his brother Glenn originated the role of Michael Bauer on the soap opera The Guiding Light, in 1963, he appeared as a character named Chris in an episode of Naked City, starring Paul Burke. In 1966, Walken played the role of King Philip of France in the Broadway premiere of The Lion in Winter, in 1969, Walken guest-starred in Hawaii Five-O as Navy SP Walt Kramer. He prefers to be known informally as Chris instead of Christopher, Walken made his feature film debut with a small role opposite Sean Connery in Sidney Lumets The Anderson Tapes. In 1972s The Mind Snatchers a. k. a, the Happiness Cage, Walken played his first starring role. In this science fiction film, which deals with control and normalization. Paul Mazurskys 1976 film Next Stop, Greenwich Village had Walken, under the name Chris Walken, playing fictional poet, in Woody Allens 1977 film Annie Hall, Walken played the homicidal and borderline crazy brother of Annie Hall
Christopher Walken
–
Walken in 2008
Christopher Walken
–
Walken in 1984 stage play, Hurlyburly
Christopher Walken
–
Walken (right) on the set of Celluloide, 1996
43.
Sam Rockwell
–
Samuel Sam Rockwell is an American actor known for independent and mainstream films. Rockwell was born in Daly City, California, the son of actors who divorced when he was five years old and he was raised by his father, Pete Rockwell, in San Francisco, while his mother, Penny Hess, lived in New York. He attended San Francisco School of the Arts with Margaret Cho and Aisha Tyler, the school, the actor said, had a reputation as a place stoners went because it was easy to graduate, but the program ended up helping him regain an interest in performing. After appearing in an independent film during his year, he graduated and moved to New York to pursue an acting career. After his debut role in the 1989 horror film Clownhouse, which he filmed when based in San Francisco, he moved to New York and trained at the William Esper Studios and he also appeared as the title character in The Search for One-eye Jimmy. During this time Rockwell worked in restaurants as a busboy and delivered burritos by bicycle, at one point, Rockwell even worked as a private detectives assistant. I tailed a chick who was having an affair and took pictures of her at this motel, a well-paying Miller commercial in 1994 finally allowed him to pursue acting full-time. The turning point in Rockwells career was Tom DiCillos 1996 film Box of Moonlight, in which he played an eccentric man-child who dresses like Davy Crockett, in 1999, Rockwell played prisoner William Wild Bill Wharton in the Stephen King prison drama The Green Mile. At the time of the shooting, Rockwell explained why he was attracted to playing such unlikeable characters. He said, I like that dark stuff, I think heroes should be flawed. Theres a bit of self-loathing in there, and a bit of anger, but after this, Ive really got to play some lawyers, or a British aristocrat, or theyll put a label on me. Rockwells performance was received, and the film received generally positive reviews. He received somewhat mixed reviews as Zaphod Beeblebrox in the 2005 film version of The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy. Who had been considered for his role in The Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, Rockwell appeared in the Iron Man sequel, released in 2010, as Tony Starks rival weapons developer, Justin Hammer. He is said to have accepted the role without reading the script and he had never heard of the character before he was contacted about the part, and was unaware that Hammer is an old man in the comic books. He also starred in the 2008 film Snow Angels opposite Kate Beckinsale and he had worked on several occasions with the comedy troupe Stella, making cameo appearances in their short films and eponymous TV series. Rockwell played Victor Mancini in the film Choke, based on the novel by Chuck Palahniuk. Critic Roger Ebert said of his performance that he seems to have become the version of Christopher Walken – not all the time
Sam Rockwell
–
Rockwell at the
2012 Toronto International Film Festival
Sam Rockwell
–
Rockwell at the 2009 premiere of
Moon at the
Tribeca Film Institute
Sam Rockwell
–
From left:
Robert Downey, Jr.,
Don Cheadle,
Scarlett Johansson, and Rockwell at the 2009
San Diego Comic-Con International
44.
Josh Radnor
–
Joshua Thomas Radnor is an American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter. He is best known for portraying Ted Mosby on the popular Emmy Award-winning CBS sitcom How I Met Your Mother, in 2012, he wrote, directed and starred in his second film, Liberal Arts, which premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival. In 2014, Radnor portrayed Isaac in the Broadway play Disgraced and he then starred as Dr. Jedediah Foster on the PBS American Civil War drama series Mercy Street. Radnor was born in Columbus, Ohio, the son of Carol Radnor, a school guidance counselor, and Alan Radnor. Radnor has two sisters, Melanie Radnor and Joanna Radnor Vilensky and he grew up in Bexley, Ohio, a small city nested inside Columbus. Radnor attended Orthodox Jewish day schools and was raised in Conservative Judaism and he graduated from Kenyon with a Bachelor of Arts in drama in 1996. Radnor received his Master of Fine Arts degree in acting from New York Universitys Graduate Acting Program at the Tisch School of the Arts in 1999, Radnor participated in an Israel experience program in Tzfat with Livnot ULehibanot in 1997. In 2001, Radnor was cast as the lead in The WB series Off Centre, however, the role was re-cast with Eddie Kaye Thomas before the first episode aired. In 2002, he made his Broadway debut in the version of The Graduate, succeeding Jason Biggs, opposite Kathleen Turner. In 2004, Radnor starred in The Paris Letter alongside his future How I Met Your Mother co-star, from 2005 to 2014, Radnor starred in How I Met Your Mother, his biggest role to date. In July 2008, he starred opposite Jennifer Westfeldt in the premiere of the play Finks, written by Joe Gilford and directed by Charlie Stratton for New York Stage and Film. Radnor made his debut with the film Happythankyoumoreplease, where he was both the writer and star of the 2010 comedy-drama. His second directorial effort, Liberal Arts, starring himself and Elizabeth Olsen, Radnor appeared in the Broadway production of Disgraced, which opened October 23,2014 at the Lyceum Theatre. In October 2016, Radnor also confirmed he is in a band, Radnor and Lee, the pair are currently recording their debut album, Love Songs for God & Women. He is set to direct the thriller film The Leaves. In 2008, Radnor told the Los Angeles Times, I do Transcendental Meditation, Radnor is an outspoken opponent of pornography. In a 2016 interview, he said, Im not a porn addict, I didnt grow up in any kind of repressive, super religious environment. I never felt I was in danger of eternal damnation or anything, I do believe porn is a huge problem that has to be confronted
Josh Radnor
–
Josh Radnor
45.
Tony Kushner
–
Anthony Robert Tony Kushner is an American playwright and screenwriter. He received the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1993 for his play Angels in America and he co-authored with Eric Roth the screenplay for the 2005 film Munich, and he wrote the screenplay for the 2012 film Lincoln. Both movies were critically acclaimed, and he received Academy Award nominations for Best Adapted Screenplay, for his work, he received a National Medal of Arts from President Barack Obama in 2013. Kushner was born in Manhattan, New York, the son of Sylvia, a bassoonist, and William David Kushner and his family is Jewish, descended from immigrants from Russia/Poland. Shortly after his birth, Kushners parents moved to Lake Charles, Louisiana, during high school Kushner was active in policy debate. In 1974, Kushner moved to New York to begin his college education at Columbia University. He attended the Tisch School of the Arts at NYU, graduating in 1984, Kushners best known work is Angels in America, a seven-hour epic about the AIDS epidemic in Reagan-era New York, which was later adapted into an HBO miniseries for which Kushner wrote the screenplay. His other plays include Hydriotaphia, Slavs, thinking About the Longstanding Problems of Virtue and Happiness, A Bright Room Called Day, Homebody/Kabul, and the book for the musical Caroline, or Change. His new translation of Bertolt Brechts Mother Courage and Her Children was performed at the Delacorte Theater in the summer of 2006, starring Meryl Streep, Kushner has also adapted Brechts The Good Person of Szechwan, Corneilles The Illusion, and S. Anskys play The Dybbuk. In the early 2000s, Kushner began writing for film and his co-written screenplay Munich was produced and directed by Steven Spielberg in 2005. In January 2006, a feature about Kushner entitled Wrestling With Angels debuted at the Sundance Film Festival. The film was directed by Freida Lee Mock, in a 2015 interview actress/producer Viola Davis revealed she had hired him to write an as yet untitled biopic about the life of Barbara Jordan that she planned to star in. In 2016, Kushner worked on August Wilsons screenplay for Fences, scheduled for release in December 2016, the film is directed by Denzel Washington. Kushner is famous for frequent revisions and years-long gestations of his plays, both Angels in America, Perestroika and Homebody/Kabul were significantly revised even after they were first published. Kushner has admitted that the script version of Angels in America. His newest completed work, the play The Intelligent Homosexuals Guide to Capitalism and Socialism with a Key to the Scriptures, said work finally opened on May 15,2009. The Zionist Organization of America unsuccessfully lobbied the university to rescind its invitation to Kushner, during the controversy, quotes critical of Zionism and Israel made by Kushner were circulated. Kushner said at the time that his quotes were grossly mischaracterized, in an interview with the Jewish Independent, Kushner commented, I want the state of Israel to continue to exist
Tony Kushner
–
Kushner at San Francisco's Herbst Theatre, November 6, 2010
Tony Kushner
–
Kushner protesting at
Columbia University in 1978
Tony Kushner
–
Tony Kushner speaking at the University of Maryland, 2011.
Tony Kushner
–
Kushner receiving a
National Medal of Arts from President
Barack Obama, 2013
46.
Angels in America
–
Angels in America, A Gay Fantasia on National Themes is a 1993 play in two parts by American playwright Tony Kushner. The work won awards, including the Pulitzer Prize for Drama, the Tony Award for Best Play. The play is a complex, often metaphorical, and at times symbolic examination of AIDS, certain major and minor characters are supernatural beings or deceased persons. The play contains multiple roles for several of the actors, initially and primarily focusing on a gay couple in Manhattan, the play also has several other storylines, some of which occasionally intersect. The two parts of the play are separately presentable and entitled Millennium Approaches and Perestroika, respectively, the play has been made into a television miniseries, and an opera by Peter Eötvös. Set in New York City in 1985, the opens with Louis Ironson. As Priors illness progresses, Louis becomes unable to cope and moves out, Prior begins to receive visits from a pair of ghosts who claim to be his own ancestors, and hears an angelic voice telling him to prepare for her arrival. Prior does not know if these visitations are caused by a breakdown or if they are real. Joe hesitates to accept out of concern for his agoraphobic wife Harper, Harper suspects that Joe does not love her, which is confirmed when Joe confesses his homosexuality. Harper retreats into a drug-fueled escapist fantasy, including a dream where she crosses paths with Prior even though the two of them have never met in the real world. Joes conservative mother Hannah arrives in New York, where she finds that in reality Harper has been wandering the streets of the city while Joe begins an affair with Louis, denying her sons homosexuality, Hannah instead tries to force a reconciliation between Harper and Joe. Connecting all these characters is Roy Cohn, himself deeply closeted, Cohn uses his political connections to secure a supply of an experimental drug, AZT, at the expense of withholding the drug from participants in a drug trial. Now alone in a hospital, Cohn finds himself judged by his night nurse Belize and the ghost of Ethel Rosenberg, whom Cohn had executed years before. At the end of Part One, Prior is visited by an angel, who proclaims Prior to be a prophet and tells him that the Great Work has begun. As the play continues, the angel reveals to Prior that Heaven is a city that resembles San Francisco. The progress of mankind on Earth caused Heaven to physically deteriorate, finally, on the day of the San Francisco earthquake, God abandoned Heaven. The angel brings Prior a message for mankind—stop moving. —in the belief that if man ceases to progress, Prior confides this vision to Belize, but Belize believes that Prior is projecting his own fears of abandonment into an elaborate hallucination. Prior goes to a Mormon visitors center to research angels, where he meets Harper, the two recognize each other from their shared dream
Angels in America
–
Angels in America: Millennium Approaches
Angels in America
–
Front cover of the programme for the 1992
National Theatre production of part one of the play.
47.
Bored to Death
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Bored to Death is an American comedy series that ran on HBO from September 20,2009 to November 28,2011. The show was created by author Jonathan Ames, and stars Jason Schwartzman as a fictional Jonathan Ames—a writer based in Brooklyn, New York City, the show also stars Ted Danson as George, and Zach Galifianakis as Ray, both friends of Jonathan. On December 20,2011, HBO cancelled Bored to Death after three seasons and twenty-four episodes, in June 2012, an HBO representative confirmed that discussions have begun about making a television movie. Development on the movie subsequently began in January 2013. Inspired by a Raymond Chandler detective novel, Jonathan posts an ad on Craigslist and he easily solves his first and second cases, which involve a missing person and a cheating boyfriend respectively. Jonathan attempts to reignite his relationship with Suzanne, but he is unsuccessful, George introduces Jonathan to film director Jim Jarmusch and is given an opportunity to write for him, but fails to produce any material before Jarmusch changes his mind. Ray agrees to donate sperm to a couple, although against Leahs will. In another attempt to win back Suzanne, Jonathan arranges to take her to Brighton Beach with Ray, however, Jonathan also tries to solve a case while with her, and it ruins the night. Seeking adventure, George joins Jonathan and Ray as Jonathan tries to steal from a notorious blackmailer, Ray and George establish a friendship for the first time while waiting for Jonathan, sharing their love of marijuana. Ray learns that the couple he supplied with sperm were actually reselling it to other couples. Jonathan meets and beds a new woman, Stella, George, Jonathan and Ray get into an argument with GQ, a rival magazine. Both groups agree to a match to settle their conflicts. The GQ team is led by Richard Antrem, the new husband of Georges ex-wife Priscilla, before the match, George sleeps with Priscilla and she begs him to lose due to Richards ailing heart. Ray loses his fight, but Leah is proud of him, Jonathan beats his critic, and George intentionally loses to Richard. Three months later, Jonathan is continuing his work as a private eye and he is also teaching writing classes. Leah breaks up with Ray after several failed attempts at finding common ground in the relationship, Richard Antrem asks Jonathan to spy on Priscilla to see if she is having an affair. Unaware that George is the man, Jonathan agrees. Richard later catches George with Priscilla and realizes that Jonathan had been covering for him, Ray attempts to win Leah back, but he goes about it in the wrong way, and accidentally catches Leah in bed with a man named Irwin
Bored to Death
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The opening
title screen for Bored to Death features a detective novel with a
film noir -esque cover
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