Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria
Maria Maddalena of Austria was Grand Duchess of Tuscany by her marriage to Cosimo II in 1609 until his death in 1621. With him, she had eight children, including a duchess of Parma, a grand duke of Tuscany, and an archduchess of Further Austria. Born in Graz, Maria Magdalena was the youngest daughter of Charles II, Archduke of Inner Austria, and his wife Maria Anna of Bavaria. During the minority of her son, Grand Duke Ferdinando, she and her mother-in-law acted as regents from 1621 to 1628. She died on 1 November 1631 in Passau.
by Frans Pourbus the Younger c.1603
Cosimo II de' Medici was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1609 until his death. He was the elder son of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Christina of Lorraine.
Cosimo II after Justus Sustermans
Cristofano Allori: Cosimo II
Portrait of Cosimo II de' Medici, 17th century, National Museum in Kraków
Dedication to Medici in volume I of "Opere di Galileo Galilei" (1718)