1.
1804
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As of the start of 1804, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France and becomes the first black republic, february 14 – The First Serbian Uprising begins as an intro into Serbian Revolution. By 1817, Principality of Serbia proclaims self-rule from Ottoman Empire, february 15 – New Jersey becomes the last northern state to abolish slavery. February 16 – First Barbary War, Stephen Decatur leads a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate USS Philadelphia at Tripoli to deny her further use by the captors, february 18 – Ohio University is chartered by the Ohio General Assembly. February – The 1804 Haiti Massacre, a cleansing, eradicates the white population on Haiti. March 7 John Wedgwood founds the Royal Horticultural Society, Thomas Charles is instrumental in founding the British and Foreign Bible Society. March 10 – Louisiana Purchase, In St. Louis, a ceremony is conducted to transfer ownership of Louisiana Territory from France to the United States. March 17 – First performance of Friedrich Schillers play Wilhelm Tell, march 21 – The Napoleonic Code is adopted as French civil law. April 2 – Forty merchantmen are wrecked when a convoy led by the HMS Apollo runs aground off Portugal, April 26 – Henry Addington resigns as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. May 10 – William Pitt the Younger begins his term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. May 14 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition departs from Camp Dubois, may 18 – Napoleon Bonaparte is proclaimed Emperor of the French by the French Senate. May 21 – Père Lachaise Cemetery a 118 acres cemetery in Paris, june 9 – Beethovens Symphony No.3 in E–flat premiered in Vienna. June 15 – The Twelfth Amendment to the U. S, constitution is ratified by New Hampshire, and arguably becomes effective. July 11 – Alexander Hamilton is shot during a duel with Aaron Burr, july 27 – The Twelfth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution ratified by Tennessee, removing doubt surrounding adoption, september 1 – German astronomer K. L. Harding discovers the asteroid Juno. November 3 – The Treaty of St. November 20 – Said bin Sultan, Sultan of Muscat, december 2 – Coronation of Napoleon I, At the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris, Napoleon crowns himself as the first Emperor of the French in a thousand years. Witnessing this, Simón Bolívar dedicates himself to liberating Venezuela from Spanish rule, december 3 – Thomas Jefferson defeats Charles C. Pinckney in the United States presidential election, december 12 – Spain declares war on the United Kingdom
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1802 in the United States
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Events from the year 1802 in the United States. April 19 – The Judiciary Act of 1802 is enacted, reorganizing the court system. April 30 – The Enabling Act of 1802 authorizes the creation of Ohio from the Northwest Territory, June 1 – William Thornton is appointed the first superintendent of the United States Patent Office. July 4 – At West Point, New York the United States Military Academy opens, october 2 – First Barbary War, Fighting ends between Sweden and Tripoli. The United States also negotiates peace, but war continues over the size of compensation, october 12 – Joseph Gardner Swift and Simeon Magruder Levy become the first graduates of the United States Military Academy. U. S. House of Representatives elections,142 representatives are elected,36 more than the 7th Congress, First Barbary War April 2 – Archibald Dixon, U. S. Senator from Kentucky from 1852 to 1855 April 4 – Dorothea Dix, mental health reformer May 10 – James Westcott, senator from Florida from 1845 to 1849 June 10 – James W. Bradbury, U. S. Senator from Maine from 1847 to 1853 June 30 – Benjamin Fitzpatrick, senator from Alabama from 1848 to 1849 and from 1853 to 1861 August 10 – Dixon Hall Lewis, U. S. Senator from Alabama from 1844 to 1848 November 5 – James F. Trotter, senator from Mississippi in 1838 May 22 – Martha Washington, the wife of George Washington, the first president of the United States A Register of Marriages and Deaths,1802. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.24,2, pp. 207–211 W. L. McAtee. Journal of Benjamin Smith Barton on a Visit to Virginia,1802, 7/8, pp. 85–117 Elizabeth G. McPherson. The Southern States and the Reporting of Senate Debates, 1789-1802, the Journal of Southern History, Vol.12, No. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol.14,1, pp. 26–28 C. Richard Arena. Philadelphia-Mississippi Valley trade and deposit closure of 1802, why the United States Military Academy was Established in 1802. 1, pp. 16–28 Elizabeth Gaspar Brown, Augustus B, a Jeffersonians Recommendations for A Lawyers Education,1802. The American Journal of Legal History, Vol.13, No,2, pp. 139–144 Jerry W. Knudson. The Jeffersonian Assault on the Federalist Judiciary, 1802–1805, Political Forces, the American Journal of Legal History, Vol.14, No. 1, pp. 55–75 Howard A. Ohline, georgetown, South Carolina, Racial Anxieties and Militant Behavior,1802
4.
1803 in the United States
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Events from the year 1803 in the United States. February 24 – Marbury v. Madison, The Supreme Court of the United States establishes the principle of judicial review, march 1 – Ohio is admitted as the 17th U. S. state, retroactive from August 7,1953. April 30 – Louisiana Purchase is made by the United States from France, july 4 – The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people. October 20 – The Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, doubling the size of the United States, barely three weeks later, on December 20, France transfers the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase. S. September 27 – Samuel Francis Du Pont, rear admiral September 29 – Mercator Cooper, sea captain October 24 – Albert Smith White, U. S. Senator from Indiana from 1839 to 1845 November 14 – Jacob Abbott, childrens writer December 18 or 27 – William Allen, U. S. S. December 30 – Francis Lewis, signatory of the Declaration of Independence Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de Chaumont, Father of the American Revolution William Verstille, the Commercial Privileges of the Treaty of 1803. The American Historical Review, Vol.7, No, an American Literary Incident of 1803. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.70,3, pp. 270–280 Robert Mills, Hennig Cohen. An Unpublished Diary by Robert Mills,1803, the South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, Vol.51, No. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol.14,1, pp. 26–28 Jerry W. Knudson. The Jeffersonian Assault on the Federalist Judiciary, 1802–1805, Political Forces, the American Journal of Legal History, Vol.14, No. 1, pp. 55–75 John F. Hoadley, the Emergence of Political Parties in Congress, 1789-1803. The American Political Science Review, Vol.74, No,3, pp. 757–779 John W. Wagner. New York City Concert Life, 1801-5,2, pp. 53–69 Kevin M. Gannon. Escaping Mr. Jeffersons Plan of Destruction, New England Federalists, Journal of the Early Republic, Vol.21, No. 3, pp. 413–443 Peter S. Onuf, the Wilson Quarterly, Vol.27, No. Media related to 1803 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
5.
1805 in the United States
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Events from the year 1805 in the United States. February 11 – Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, son of Sacagawea is born with Meriwether Lewis aiding in the babys delivery, February 15 – Harmony Society formally established in the U. S. at Harmony, Pennsylvania. March 1 – Justice Samuel Chase is acquitted of impeachment charges by the U. S. Senate, march 3 – Louisiana Territory is created. March 4 – Thomas Jefferson is sworn in for a term as President of the United States. April 7 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition departs Fort Mandan for the Pacific Ocean April 27 – Battle of Derne, United States Marines, june 4 – The First Barbary War ends between Tripoli and the United States of America. June 11 – Detroit burns to the ground, most of the city is destroyed, june 30 – Michigan Territory is effective. July 4 – Louisiana Territory is effective, october 18 – Lewis and Clark Expedition spot Mount Hood. November 7 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition arrives at the Pacific Ocean, First Barbary War Lewis and Clark Expedition February 11 – Jean Baptiste Charbonneau, son of Sacagawea, American explorer, guide, fur trapper, trader, and Military Scout. June 14 – Robert Anderson, United States Army officer during the American Civil War July 10 – Jacob M. Howard, october 9 – William M. Gwin, United States Senator from California from 1850 till 1855 and from 1857 till 1861. December 23 – Joseph Smith, Jr, American religious leader and founder of Mormonism and the Latter Day Saint movement. Robert Alexander John Ames John Sloss Hobart Timeline of the Lewis, effects of Lightning on the House of Capt. Daniel Merry, and Several Other Houses in the Vicinity, on the Evening of the 11th of May 1805. Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol.3,1, pp. 86–91 William Lattimore to his Constituents,1805. The American Historical Review, Vol.29, No,3, pp. 506–510 W. H. G. Armytage. A Sheffield Quaker in Philadelphia 1804-1806,3, pp. 192–205 Rollo G. Silver. Belcher & Armstrong Set up Shop,1805, studies in Bibliography, Vol.4, pp. 201–204 Dorothy Wollon, Margaret Kinard. Sir Augustus J. Foster and The Wild Natives of the Woods, the William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol.9, No. 2, pp. 191–214 Jerry W. Knudson, the Jeffersonian Assault on the Federalist Judiciary, 1802–1805, Political Forces and Press Reaction. The American Journal of Legal History, Vol.14, No,1, pp. 55–75 Charles Merrill Mount
6.
1806 in the United States
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Events from the year 1806 in the United States. March 29 – Construction is authorized of the National Road, may 30 – Andrew Jackson kills a man in a duel after the man had accused Jacksons wife of bigamy. July 15 – Pike expedition, Near St. Louis, Missouri, august 14 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition makes its return to the Mandan Indians while making its return trip to St. Louis. September 23 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition reaches St. Louis, Missouri, ending a successful exploration of the Louisiana Territory and the Pacific Northwest. November 15 – Pike expedition, During his second exploratory expedition, noah Webster publishes A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language, his first American English dictionary. Observations on the Total Eclipse of the Sun June 16,1806, memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Vol.3, No. 1, pp. 18–22 Simeon De Witt, observations on the Eclipse of 16 June 1806, Made by Simeon De Witt Esq. of Albany, State of New-York, Addressed to Benjamin Rush M. D. to Be by Him Communicated to the American Philosophical Society. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, Vol.6, pp. 300–302 The Massachusetts Election in 1806, proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, Second Series, Vol.20, pp. 1–21 Herbert E. Bolton. Papers of Zebulon M. Pike, 1806-1807, the American Historical Review, Vol.13, No. William and Mary College, July 4,1806, the William and Mary Quarterly, Second Series, Vol.3, No. 3, pp. 201–205 Elizabeth Heyward Jervey, marriage and Death Notices from the Charleston Courier 1806. The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, Vol.30,2, pp. 117–124 W. E. Hollon. Zebulon Montgomery Pikes Mississippi Voyage, 1805-1806, the Wisconsin Magazine of History, Vol.32, No. 4, pp. 445–455 W. H. G. Armytage, a Sheffield Quaker in Philadelphia 1804-1806. Impressment in the Monroe-Pinkney Negotiation, 1806-1807, the American Historical Review, Vol.57, No. 2, pp. 352–369 George S. Snyderman, halliday Jacksons Journal of a Visit Paid to the Indians of New York. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol.101, No,6, Studies of Historical Documents in the Library of the American Philosophical Society, pp. 565–588 John H. Reinoehl. Some Remarks on the American Trade, Jacob Crowninshield to James Madison 1806, the William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol.16, No
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Star-Spangled Banner (flag)
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The Star-Spangled Banner, or the Great Garrison Flag, was the garrison flag that flew over Fort McHenry in Baltimore Harbor during the naval portion of the Battle of Baltimore during the War of 1812. In Baltimores preparation for an attack on the city, Fort McHenry was made ready to defend the citys harbor. The larger of the two flags would be the Great Garrison Flag, the largest battle flag ever flown at the time, the smaller of the two flags would be the Storm Flag, to be more durable and less prone to fouling in inclement weather. Available documentation shows that this flag was sewn by local flagmaker Mary Young Pickersgill under a government commission in 1813 at a cost of $405.90. George Armistead, the commander of Fort McHenry, specified a flag so large that the British would have no difficulty seeing it from a distance. Mary Pickersgill stitched the flag from a combination of cotton and dyed English wool bunting, assisted by her daughter, the flag has fifteen horizontal red and white stripes, as well as fifteen white stars in the blue field. The two additional stars and stripes, approved by the United States Congresss Flag Act of 1794, represent Vermont, the stars are arranged in vertical rows, with five horizontal rows of stars, offset, each containing three stars. At the time, the practice of adding stripes with the induction of a new state had not yet been discontinued, the flag originally measured 30 by 42 feet. Each of the fifteen stripes is 2 feet wide, and each of the stars measures about 2 feet in diameter, the flag currently has only fourteen stars—the fifteenth star was similarly given as a gift, but its recipient and current whereabouts are unknown. The Flag was flown over the fort when 5,000 British soldiers, the bombardment turned to Fort McHenry on the evening of September 13, and continuous shelling occurred for 25 hours under heavy rain. This revelation was famously captured in poetry by Key, an American lawyer, being held by the British on a truce ship in the Patapsco River, Key observed the battle from afar. When he saw the Garrison Flag still flying at dawn of the morning of the 14th, the poem would be put to the music of a common tune, retitled The Star-Spangled Banner, and a portion of it would later be adopted as the United States National Anthem. Since its arrival at the Smithsonian, the flag has undergone multiple preservation efforts, the flag that flew during that episode in history became a significant artifact. It remained in the possession of Major Armistead, who was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Eben Appleton, Colonel Armisteads grandson, inherited the flag in 1878, in 1907, he lent it to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 it was made a formal gift. Today it is housed in the National Museum of American History, one of the Smithsonian Institution museums on the National Mall in Washington. The flag was given to the museum in 1912, and has undergone multiple restoration efforts after being restored by Amelia Fowler in 1914. Due to environmental and light damage a four phase restoration project began in May 1999, in the first phase, the team removed the linen support backing that was attached to the flag during the 1914 restoration
9.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
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Media related to 1804 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
