1.
1905
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As of the start of 1905, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War began, more than 100,000 died in the largest world battles of that era, Canada and the U. S. expanded west, with the Alberta and Saskatchewan provinces and the founding of Las Vegas. January 1 – The Trans-Siberian Railway officially opens after its completion on July 21,1904, january 2 – Russo-Japanese War, The Russian Army surrenders at Port Arthur in Qing dynasty China. January 5 – The play The Scarlet Pimpernel opens at the New Theatre in London and begins a run of 122 performances, january 26 Russian Revolution of 1905, The Imperial Russian Army opens fire on demonstrators in Riga, Governorate of Livonia, killing 73 and injuring 200 people. The Cullinan Diamond is found near Pretoria, South Africa, at the Premier Mine, february 12 – In Christchurch, New Zealand, the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament is opened. February 16 – At Haulbowline Base in Ireland, two explosions on board HM Submarine A5, due to gasoline fumes after refueling, kill six of the eleven crew, february 17 – At Fremantle, the R. M. S. Orizaba is wrecked, but all 160 passengers and the mail are saved, february 20 – Russo-Japanese War, The Battle of Mukden begins in Manchuria. February 23 – Rotary International is founded, march 1 – Australian Conservative leader Richard Butler takes office as Premier of South Australia. March 3 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia agrees to create an elected assembly, march 4 – Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in for a full term as President of the United States. March 5 – Russo-Japanese War, Russian troops begin to retreat from Mukden after losing 100,000 troops in 3 days, march 10 Russo-Japanese War, The Japanese capture of Mukden completes the rout of Russian armies in Manchuria. Cassie Chadwick is sentenced for 14 years in Cleveland, Ohio for fraud, chelsea F. C. is founded in London. March 13 – Mata Hari introduces her dance act in Paris. March 20 – Grover Shoe Factory disaster, A boiler explosion, building collapse and fire in Brockton, march 31 – Wilhelm II, German Emperor asserts German equality with France in Morocco, triggering the Tangier or First Moroccan Crisis. April – Albert Einstein works on the theory of relativity as well as the theory of Brownian motion. April 1 – Penny Post established between the United Kingdom and Australia, april 2 – The Simplon Tunnel is officially opened through the Alps. April 3 – Boca Junior, as known for football club of Argentina. April 4 – In India, the 1905 Kangra earthquake hits the Kangra Valley, kills 20,000, april 6 – Lochner v. New York, The Supreme Court of the United States invalidates New Yorks 8-hour-day law. April 14 – Erik Gustaf Boström resigns as the Prime Minister of Sweden and his Minister without Portfolio, Johan Ramstedt, becomes the new Prime Minister of Sweden
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1903 in the United States
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Events from the year 1903 in the United States. President, Theodore Roosevelt Vice President, vacant Chief Justice, Melville Fuller Speaker of the House of Representatives, henderson, Joseph Gurney Cannon Congress, 57th, 58th January 19 – The first west-east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England. January 21 – Section of Militia Affairs within the Adjutant Generals office, february 11 – The Oxnard Strike of 1903 becomes the first time in U. S. history that a labor union is formed from members of different races. February 14 Census Board within the Department of Commerce and Labor, Department of Commerce and Labor founded U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey transferred to the Department of Commerce and Labor. February 15 – Morris and Rose Mitchom introduce the first teddy bear in America, february 23 – Cuba leases Guantanamo Bay to the United States in perpetuity. March 2 – In New York City, the Martha Washington Hotel, March 14 – The Hay–Herrán Treaty, granting the United States the right to build the Panama Canal, is ratified by the United States Senate. The Colombian Senate later rejects the treaty, june 12 – The Sigma Alpha Iota International Music Fraternity is founded at the University of Michigan School of Music. June 14 – Heppner Flood of 1903, The town of Heppner, july 1 – U. S. Bureau of Fisheries within Department of Commerce & Labor. July 23 – Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A, August 9 – Commanding General post replaced by that of Chief of Staff of the Army. September 11 – The first stock car event is held at the Milwaukee Mile, September 27 – The Wreck of the Old 97 engine at Stillhouse Trestle near Danville, Virginia, which kills 9 people, inspires a ballad and song. October – Frank Nelson Cole proves that 267-1 is composite by factoring it as 193,707,721 *761,838,257,287 after trying for every Sunday for 3 years. October 1 – The first modern World Series pits the National Leagues Pittsburgh against Boston of the American League, november 4 – With the encouragement of the United States, Panama proclaims itself independent from Colombia. November 13 – The United States recognizes the independence of Panama, november 18 – The Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and Panama, giving the U. S. exclusive rights over the Panama Canal Zone. November 23 – Colorado Governor James Hamilton Peabody sends the state militia into the town of Cripple Creek to break up a miners strike. December 17 – Orville Wright flies an aircraft with an engine at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, in the first documented, successful, controlled, powered. December 30 – A fire at the Iroquois Theater in Chicago kills 600, the Lincoln–Lee Legion is established to promote the temperance movement and signing of alcohol abstinence pledges by children. The first box of Crayola crayons was made and sold for 5 cents and it contained 8 colors, brown, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet and black. Coca-Cola removes cocaine as a key ingredient from their formula, at the time, Coca-Cola contained approximately nine milligrams of cocaine per glass
4.
1904 in the United States
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Events from the year 1904 in the United States.37 mph. January 16 – The first large-scale bodybuilding competition in America takes place at Madison Square Garden in New York City, February 7 – The Great Baltimore Fire in Baltimore, Maryland destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours. February 23 – For $10 million, the United States gains control of the Panama Canal Zone, April 8 – Longacre Square in Midtown Manhattan is renamed Times Square after The New York Times. April 30 – The Louisiana Purchase Exposition Worlds Fair opens in St. Louis, may 4 – U. S. Army engineers begin work on The Panama Canal. May 5 – Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics, Cy Young of the Boston Americans throws the first perfect game in the era of baseball. May 30 – Alpha Gamma Delta womens fraternity is founded at Syracuse University in Syracuse, june 15 – A fire aboard the steamboat General Slocum in New York Citys East River kills 1,021. July 1 – The third Modern Olympic Games opens in St. Louis, Missouri, july 23 – In St. Louis, Missouri, the ice cream cone is invented during the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. October 1 – Phi Delta Epsilon, the medical fraternity, is founded by Aaron Brown. October 17 – Amadeo Giannini founds the Bank of Italy in San Francisco, october 19 – Polytechnic University of the Philippines is founded as Manila Business School through the superintendence of the American C. A. October 27 – The first underground line of the New York City Subway opens, november 8 – U. S. presidential election,1904, Republican incumbent Theodore Roosevelt defeats Democrat Alton B. December 10 – The Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity is founded at the College of Charleston in South Carolina, december 30 – The East Boston Tunnel opens. December 31 – In New York City, the first New Years Eve celebration is held in Times Square, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints President Joseph F. Smith issues a Second Manifesto against polygamy. Stuyvesant High School is founded in New York City, the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls, now Bethune-Cookman University, is founded. Senator from Idaho from 1945 to 1951 April 20 – Bob Bartlett, senator from Alaska from 1959 to 1968 May 17 – John J. Williams, U. S. Senator from Georgia from 1873 to 1880 and from 1891 to 1897 January 20 – Maria Louisa Bustill, schoolteacher, mother of Paul Robeson February 15 – Mark Hanna, U. S. Shoup, U. S. Senator from Idaho from 1890 to 1901 List of American films of 1904 Domestic Chronology, Statistician and Economist, San Francisco, Louis P. McCarty,1905, media related to 1904 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
5.
1906 in the United States
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Events from the year 1906 in the United States. February 26 – Upton Sinclair publishes The Jungle, a novel depicting the life of an immigrant family in Chicago during the early 1900s, march 17 – The Phi Kappa Tau Fraternity is founded at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. April 5 – The Maryland General Assembly authorizes the election of the Union Soldiers and Sailors Monument in Baltimore, june 6 – Durham and Southern Railway operates its first revenue train, Bonsal to Durham, North Carolina. June 8 – Theodore Roosevelt signs the Antiquities Act into law, june 25 – Harry K. Thaw shoots architect Stanford White. June 29 – Mesa Verde is declared a National Park, june 30 – The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act. July 11 – Murder of Grace Brown, august 23 – Unable to control a rebellion in the newly formed Cuban Republic, President Tomás Estrada Palma requests U. S. intervention. September 5 – Bradbury Robinson of St. Louis University throws the first legal pass in an American football game. September 22 – Atlanta race riot, Race riots in Atlanta, Georgia result in 27 people killed, september 24 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims Devils Tower, Wyoming as the nations first National Monument. September 26 – The first concert of the Telharmonium, the first music synthesizer, is presented at Telharmonic Hall, september 30 – The first Gordon Bennett Cup in ballooning is held, starting in Paris. The winning team, piloting the balloon United States, lands in Fylingdales, Yorkshire, England. October 1 – The Madeira School, a boarding school for girls, opens with 28 students attending classes in 2 buildings on 19th Street, just off Dupont Circle in downtown Washington. October 11 – The San Francisco public school board sparks a United States diplomatic crisis with Japan, November 9 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt leaves for a trip to Panama to inspect the construction progress of the Panama Canal. December 4 – Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, the first inter-collegiate Greek-letter organization established for African Americans, is founded at Cornell University, december 8 – The Petrified Forest, Arizona is designated a National Monument. December 10 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in negotiating peace in the Russo-Japanese War, the muffuletta sandwich is invented in New Orleans, Louisiana. Progressive Era Lochner era Black Patch Tobacco Wars January 25 John S. Harris, November 4 – John H. Ketcham, politician November 23 – Willard Warner, United States Senator from Alabama from 1868 till 1871. December 12 – Arthur Brown, United States Senator from Utah from 1896 till 1897, december 30 – Thomas M. Bowen, United States Senator from Colorado from 1883 till 1889. December 31 – Donelson Caffery, United States Senator from Louisiana from 1892 till 1901, list of American films of 1906 Media related to 1906 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
6.
1907 in the United States
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Events from the year 1907 in the United States. January 23 – Charles Curtis from Kansas becomes the first Native American U. S. Senator, february 12 – The steamship Larchmont collides with the Harry Hamilton in Long Island Sound,183 lives are lost. February 26 – President Theodore Roosevelt appoints Col. George Washington Goethals as chief engineer of the Panama Canal, march 9 – Reclamation Service within the Department of the Interior. April – The April 1907 issue of Good Housekeeping Magazine displays the cover price One Dollar a Year, April 7 – Hersheypark opens in Hershey, Pennsylvania. April 15 – Triangle, is founded at Pennsylvania State University, April 17 – April 17 goes down as the busiest day of immigration in the history Ellis Island. 1907 is the busiest year ever seen at Ellis Island, with 1.1 million immigrants arriving there, April 18 – The USS Kansas, a Connecticut-class battleship, is commissioned. July 21 – The SS Columbia sinks after colliding with the lumber schooner San Pedro off Shelter Cove, California, august 1 – Aeronautical Division established within the U. S. Army Signal Corps. August 15 – Ordination in Constantinople of Fr, raphael Morgan, first African-American Orthodox priest, Priest-Apostolic to America and the West Indies. August 17 – Pike Place Market in Seattle, Washington officially opens for business, august 28 – UPS is founded by James E. September 7 – The new passenger liner RMS Lusitania makes its maiden voyage from Liverpool, september 29 – A foundation stone is laid for the Washington National Cathedral, construction would not be fully completed until 1990. October 1 – Office of the Superintendent of Prisons and Prisoners established within Department of Justice, october 22 – Panic of 1907, A bank run forces New Yorks Knickerbocker Trust Company to suspend operations. October 24 – A major American financial crisis is averted when J. P. Morgan, E. H. November 3 – President Roosevelt approves the takeover of the Tennessee Coal, Iron, november 7 – Delta Sigma Pi is founded at the School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance of New York University in New York City. November 16 Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory become Oklahoma, which is admitted as the 46th U. S. state, passenger liner RMS Mauretania, the worlds largest and fastest at this date, sets out on her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York. November 28 – Johnny Hayes wins the inaugural Yonkers Marathon, December 6 – Monongah Mining Disaster, A coal mine explosion kills 362 workers in Monongah, West Virginia. December 16 – The Great White Fleet departs Hampton Roads, Virginia on a 14-month circumnavigation of the globe, December 19 – An explosion in a coal mine in Jacobs Creek, Pennsylvania kills 239. December 31 – The first electric ball drops in Times Square, the Lockport Powerhouse is built in Illinois. Progressive Era Lochner era Black Patch Tobacco Wars Great White Fleet voyage January 2 – Gordon L. Allott, January 19 – Paul Fannin, United States Senator from Arizona from 1959 till 1965
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
9.
Federal government of the United States
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The Federal Government of the United States is the national government of the United States, a republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D. C. and several territories. The federal government is composed of three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U. S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the courts, including the Supreme Court. The powers and duties of these branches are defined by acts of Congress. The full name of the republic is United States of America, no other name appears in the Constitution, and this is the name that appears on money, in treaties, and in legal cases to which it is a party. The terms Government of the United States of America or United States Government are often used in documents to represent the federal government as distinct from the states collectively. In casual conversation or writing, the term Federal Government is often used, the terms Federal and National in government agency or program names generally indicate affiliation with the federal government. Because the seat of government is in Washington, D. C, Washington is commonly used as a metonym for the federal government. The outline of the government of the United States is laid out in the Constitution, the government was formed in 1789, making the United States one of the worlds first, if not the first, modern national constitutional republics. The United States government is based on the principles of federalism and republicanism, some make the case for expansive federal powers while others argue for a more limited role for the central government in relation to individuals, the states or other recognized entities. For example, while the legislative has the power to create law, the President nominates judges to the nations highest judiciary authority, but those nominees must be approved by Congress. The Supreme Court, in its turn, has the power to invalidate as unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress and these and other examples are examined in more detail in the text below. The United States Congress is the branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate, the House currently consists of 435 voting members, each of whom represents a congressional district. The number of each state has in the House is based on each states population as determined in the most recent United States Census. All 435 representatives serve a two-year term, each state receives a minimum of one representative in the House. There is no limit on the number of terms a representative may serve, in addition to the 435 voting members, there are six non-voting members, consisting of five delegates and one resident commissioner. In contrast, the Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of population, there are currently 100 senators, who each serve six-year terms
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Media related to 1905 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
