1.
1906 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
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The 1906 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University during the 1906 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. The teams head coach was Dan McGugin, who served his third season in that capacity, the 1906 Vanderbilt team had one of the best seasons in the schools history, outscoring opponents 278–16. Innis Brown rated the 1906 team as the best the South ever had, Vanderbilt won all of its home games, finishing the season on a 22-game home win streak. Their only loss came on the road to western power Michigan, 10–4, seven of the Commodores eight wins came by shutout – only two teams scored on them all season. Several teams failed to gain a single first down against the Commodores, the team most notably defeated northern power Carlisle by a single Bob Blake field goal 4–0. Back Owsley Manier was selected third-team All-America by Walter Camp, the Souths first, notable losses from the 1905 team included Bachelor of Ugliness Ed Hamilton, captain Innis Brown, and quarterback Frank Kyle. At the end of 1905 football looked about to be abolished due to all of the violence during games. Football was a sport that had degenerated into dangerous tactics such as, the wedge, punching, kicking, piling-on. Almost any violent behavior was allowed, fatalities and injuries mounted during the 1905 season. As a result, the 1906 season was played under a new set of rules, the rules governing intercollegiate football were changed to promote a more open and less dangerous style of play. In a 28–0 win over Kentucky State College to open the season, G. A. Hall had a 33-yard punt return for a touchdown. The Commodores were penalized several times, Kentucky never had a first down and had to punt after second down. The starting lineup was, Stone, Pritchard, King, Wynne, Sherrill, E. Noel, like McGugin, Mississippis coach Thomas S. Hammond was a Michigan alumnus. One account reads, whatever hopes the spectators had of seeing a close, the stars of the contest were Dan Blake and Honus Craig. Mississippi failed to gain a single first down, umpire Henry D. Phillips kicked Joe Pritchard out of the contest for roughing. The starting lineup was, V. Blake, E. Noel, McLain, Stone, Chorn, Pritchard, Blake, Costen, D. Blake, Craig, Manier. The only loss of the year for the Alabama Crimson Tide was its biggest ever loss to Vanderbilt, seven of Alabamas regular players were out with injuries. Vanderbilt executed several onside kicks from scrimmage, Owsley Manier scored five touchdowns as, the back field frequently went twenty-five or thirty yards over the line
2.
American football
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The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team, if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs. Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the teams end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponents goalposts for a field goal. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins, American football evolved in the United States, originating from the sports of association football and rugby football. The first game of American football was played on November 6,1869, during the latter half of the 1870s, colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code, which allowed carrying the ball. American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States, Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game, with the other major levels being high school and youth football. As of 2012, nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually, almost all of them men, in the United States, American football is referred to as football. The term football was established in the rulebook for the 1876 college football season. The terms gridiron or American football are favored in English-speaking countries where other codes of football are popular, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, American football evolved from the sports of association football and rugby football. What is considered to be the first American football game was played on November 6,1869 between Rutgers and Princeton, two college teams, the game was played between two teams of 25 players each and used a round ball that could not be picked up or carried. It could, however, be kicked or batted with the feet, hands, head or sides, Rutgers won the game 6 goals to 4. Collegiate play continued for years in which matches were played using the rules of the host school. Representatives of Yale, Columbia, Princeton and Rutgers met on October 19,1873 to create a set of rules for all schools to adhere to. Teams were set at 20 players each, and fields of 400 by 250 feet were specified, Harvard abstained from the conference, as they favored a rugby-style game that allowed running with the ball. An 1875 Harvard-Yale game played under rugby-style rules was observed by two impressed Princeton athletes and these players introduced the sport to Princeton, a feat the Professional Football Researchers Association compared to selling refrigerators to Eskimos. Princeton, Harvard, Yale and Columbia then agreed to play using a form of rugby union rules with a modified scoring system. These schools formed the Intercollegiate Football Association, although Yale did not join until 1879, the introduction of the snap resulted in unexpected consequences. Prior to the snap, the strategy had been to punt if a scrum resulted in bad field position, however, a group of Princeton players realized that, as the snap was uncontested, they now could hold the ball indefinitely to prevent their opponent from scoring. In 1881, both teams in a game between Yale-Princeton used this strategy to maintain their undefeated records, each team held the ball, gaining no ground, for an entire half, resulting in a 0-0 tie
3.
College Football All-Southern Team
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The College Football All-Southern Team was an all-star team of college football players from the Southern United States. The honor was given annually to the best players at their respective positions and it is analogous to the All-America Team and was most often selected in newspapers. Notable pickers of All-Southern teams include John Heisman, Dan McGugin, Grantland Rice, W. A. Lambeth, Reynolds Tichenor, Nash Buckingham, Innis Brown, virginias 115–0 drubbing by Princeton in 1890 signaled footballs arrival in the south. For example, North Carolina was in both the SIAA and SAIAA at different points in its history, and Virginia Tech had one year in the SIAA. Clemson, today in the ACC, was in the SIAA, the SIAA was the oldest of these, founded in the winter of 1894 by Vanderbilt chemistry professor William Lofland Dudley. This organization really represents the south, as its scope is wider. V. P. I. can scarcely be figured in the calculation as that institution hasnt played any of the S. I. A. A. representatives. South Atlantic writers of course were not fond of this, and would sometimes critique the latest All-Southern selection with titles such as Virginia, in 1922 teams from the SIAA and SAIAA left for the Southern Conference and All-Southern teams become effectively All-Southern Conference teams. By 1933 the contemporary Southeastern Conference was established, Walter Camps annual official All-America first team had been historically loaded with college players from Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Penn, and other Northeastern colleges. Many selectors picked only Eastern players, in 1894, Michigan defeated Cornell and lobbied for its center Fatty Smith to be the first Western All-American. Notably the University of Michigan claims for their center Fatty Smith the supremacy in his position, but the western institutions have not yet mastered the eastern knowledge of all the details and fine points of the game. Smith has made a record against the west and even against Cornell. When brought to face a man like the Stillman of today or the Bulliet of last year, Smith would simply be lost, so it would be with all of the claimants for line positions from western teams. And no one claims for a moment that western back field men could play in the class with eastern men. The selectors were typically Eastern writers and former players who attended games in the East. The article noted, Eastern sporting editors must be devoid of all sense of humor, what man in the lot that have picked All-American elevens this fall, saw a single game outside the North Atlantic States. With a conceit all their own they fail to recognize that the United States reaches more than 200 miles in any direction from New York, suppose an Ohio football writer picked All-American teams. Ohio readers would not stand for it, but apparently the eastern readers will swallow anything
4.
Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association
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The Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association was one of the first collegiate athletic conferences in the United States. Twenty-seven of the current Division I FBS football programs were members of this conference at some point, the SIAA was founded on December 21,1894, by Dr. William Dudley, a chemistry professor at Vanderbilt, at the Kimball House in Atlanta. Dudley was a member of the Vanderbilt Athletic Association, formed in 1886 with Dr. W. M. Baskerville as president, most students at Vanderbilt were members. The early sports played on the Vanderbilt campus were baseball, bicycling, Dudley was primarily responsible for the formation of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association. Sewanees opposition stopped it from occurring, the original members were Alabama, Auburn, Georgia, Johns Hopkins, North Carolina, Sewanee, Vanderbilt, and Virginia. Virginia and North Carolina soon dropped before the inaugural 1895 season, the conference was originally formed for the development and purification of college athletics throughout the South. In 1903, a single-game football playoff occurred, but it seems to have been coordinated more so by the two competing schools than the conference itself, several other efforts over the years by individual schools to hold a conference title game fell through. Most SIAA titles claimed by schools in sports were actually more mythical in nature than officially sanctioned by the league. In 1915, a disagreement arose within the conference regarding the eligibility of freshman athletes, generally, the larger universities opposed the eligibility of freshman players, while the smaller schools favored it. As a result, some of the universities formed the Southern Intercollegiate Conference. At the conferences annual meeting on December 10,1920, the SIAA rejected proposals to ban freshman athletes, in protest, some schools that had voted in favor of the propositions immediately announced they would seek to form a new conference. In 1922, the Southern Conference underwent an expansion and added six more members, all at the expense of the SIAA, Florida, Louisiana State, Mississippi, South Carolina, Tulane, and Vanderbilt. With the departure of most of the colleges, the SIAA became a de facto small college conference in 1923. In the 1920s and 1930s, the SIAA increased its membership with the addition of additional small universities. The conference eventually disbanded in 1942 with the onset of American involvement in World War II, original charter members are denoted in boldface. Invited charter members are denoted with an asterisk, in the era in which the SIAA operated, teams tended to join in December, therefore, the first year of conference play in a given sport was often the following calendar year. Conference affiliations reflect those for the 2016–17 school year
5.
John Owsley Manier
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John Owsley Manier was a college football player and coach and medical doctor. J. Owsley Manier was born on March 18,1887 in Nashville, Tennessee to William R. Manier, Manier enrolled at Vanderbilt University, was an excellent student and received his A. B. degree in 1907. Manier was a prominent fullback on coach Dan McGugins Vanderbilt Commodores football team from 1904 to 1906 and he was a great plunging back who in which every year he played at Vanderbilt was both a member of Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association championship teams and selected All-Southern. In 1915, John Heisman said Vanderbilts three greatest players ever were Manier, Ray Morrison, and Bob Blake, Manier scored five touchdowns against Alabama in a 78–0 victory and again ran for five touchdowns over Georgia Tech in Atlanta. Atlanta Constitution sportswriter Alex Lynn wrote after the Georgia Tech game, Manier was the greatest fullback, Manier played in the days before two platoons and so also played on defense. In the 33 to 0 win over Rose Polytechnic, in which again he scored five touchdowns, Manier was the first Vanderbilt football player to be selected to an All-America team, selected third-team All-America by Walter Camp in 1906. This makes Manier the first Southern player to any of Camps teams. He received a Bachelor of Arts from Vanderbilt, and his M. D. from the University of Pennsylvania and he played a bit on the Penn Quakers football team as well, in 1908, for he had a year of eligibility left. At Penn he was shifted to halfback, and mostly used for swift plunges into the line, Penn defeated Michigan, exacting revenge for the multiple losses suffered by Manier to Michigan at Vanderbilt. After his time in Pennsylvania he returned to Vanderbilt as an assistant football coach and he practiced in Nashville and gave his spare time to the team. Known years with his assistance include 1911–1915 and 1920, Manier spent the winter of 1911 at the University of Pennsylvania Hospital. He accompanied the Vanderbilt hospital unit to Fort McPherson in 1917, in 1935 he was president of the Tennessee Medical Association. In 1948, Manier developed coronary thrombosis, as well as legions on his legs while vacationing in Norway in 1952 and he had a vocal cord removed, and finally an embolism in January 1953 which confined him to his home for his remaining years. The Nashville Banner reported his death in 1956, Vanderbilt University loved him, and no alma mater has been better served by an alumnus
6.
Walter Camp
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Walter Chauncey Camp was an American football player, coach, and sports writer known as the Father of American Football. Among a long list of inventions, he created the line of scrimmage. With John Heisman, Amos Alonzo Stagg, Pop Warner, Fielding H. Yost and he attended Yale College, where he played and coached college football. Camps Yale teams of 1888,1891, and 1892 have been recognized as national champions, Camp was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1951. Camp wrote articles and books on the gridiron and sports in general, by the time of his death, he had written nearly 30 books and more than 250 magazine articles. Camp was born in the city of New Britain, Connecticut, Walter Camp was of English descent. He attended Hopkins Grammar School in New Haven, entered Yale College in 1875, at Yale he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, the Linonian Society, and Skull and Bones. He attended Yale Medical School from 1880 to 1883, where his studies were interrupted first by an outbreak of typhoid fever, in 1873, he attended a meeting where representatives from Columbia, Rutgers, Princeton, and Yale universities created the intercollegiate football association. They created the rule that each team is only allowed 15 plays per drive and he played as a halfback at Yale from 1876 to 1882. Harvard player Nathaniel Curtis took one look at Camp, then only 156 pounds and he worked for the New Haven Clock Company beginning in 1883, working his way up to chairman of the board of directors. On June 30,1888, Camp married Alice Graham Sumner, sister of sociologist William Graham Sumner and they had two children, Walter Camp, Jr. who attended Yale as well and was elected as a member of Scroll and Key in 1912, and Janet Camp Troxell. Camp served as the football coach at Yale from 1888 to 1892 before moving to Stanford University. On Christmas 1894, he and Amos Alonzo Staggs Chicago Maroons organized an early intersectional contest, Camp was on the various collegiate football rules committees that developed the American game from his time as a player at Yale until his death. English Rugby rules at the time required a player, when the ball was fairly held. College Football 1880 rules convention that the contested scrimmage be replaced with a line of scrimmage where the team with the ball started with uncontested possession and this change effectively created the evolution of the modern game of American football from its rugby football origins. This is significant as rugby union has no point value award for this action, the NCAA emerged from the national talks, but worked to Yales disadvantage relative to rival Harvard, according to Branch. By the time of his death, he had written nearly 30 books and his stories also appeared in major daily newspapers throughout the United States. He also selected an annual All-American team, by the age of 33, twelve years after graduating from Yale, Walter Camp had already become known as the Father of Football
7.
1906 College Football All-America Team
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The 1906 college football season was a year of change. Following controversies in 1905 over the increase of violence and professionalism in college football, the most lasting change introduced in 1906 was the forward pass. Several of the selected as All-Americans in 1906 gained attention for their use of the new tactic. The Eastern powers dominated the game of football in 1906. Both the Princeton Tigers and the Yale Bulldogs finished with undefeated seasons, out of 15 players recognized in the NCAA Record Book as consensus All-Americans for the 1906 season,13 played for Ivy League teams, and 7 played for Princeton or Yale. Only two players from schools were first-team selections—quarterback Walter Eckersall from the University of Chicago and center William Thomas Dunn from Penn State. The only unanimous first-team All-American in 1906 was Yale end Bob Forbes and it would be possible to pick at least three teams which would make things mighty interesting for each other. The East has completely eclipsed the West this season, and that somewhat simplifies matters. The Western teams failed to grasp the possibilities of the new rules and players of that section who were brilliant last year did not get an opportunity, to shine this year in the new game. Walter Eckersall, of Chicago, appears to be the only Westerner who has a right to be in the All-American team this fall
8.
Bob Blake (American football)
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Robert Edwin Blake was an American football, basketball, and baseball player for the Vanderbilt Commodores of Vanderbilt University. Every football season in which he played, Blake was a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association championship team and he was a lawyer and Rhodes Scholar. His three brothers, Dan, Vaughn, and Frank, also played on those winning teams, Dan, Bob, and Vaughn were captains of the 1906,1907, and 1908 Vanderbilt football teams respectively. He thus signed letters Bob Blake, pater familias, Blake was later general counsel for the International Shoe Company, and married Dorothy Gaynor. Blake was also president of the Missouri Constitutional Convention in 1944, Blake was born on January 31,1885 in Cuero, Texas to Daniel Bigelow Blake, Sr. and Mary Clara Weldon. Dan, Sr. was a physician and once president of the Nashville Academy of Medicine, Bob Blake prepped at Bowen School. Blake was Vanderbilt University’s first athlete to earn 16 letters, participating in football, basketball, baseball and he stood 6 feet and weighed 170 pounds. While a senior, Blake was honored as Bachelor of Ugliness, Blake was a prominent end for Dan McGugins Vanderbilt Commodores football teams in 1903 and from 1905 to 1907. He was also a punter and drop kicker, as a punter, one writer claimed others considered him the best in the country. He was selected All-Southern unanimously each and every year he played, in 1915, John Heisman called Blake of the greatest players in Vanderbilt history, along with Ray Morrison and Owsley Manier. Grantland Rice once said about Bob Blake, “he was the halfback who never lost a yard around right end. In the third place he is interested in and takes a part in every phase of college life. In the fourth place he has maintained himself well in scholarship, while not a brilliant student, he has, in my opinion, in the opinion of fellow Vanderbilt player Honus Craig, Blake was the Souths greatest player. Blake was chosen for an all-time Vandy team in 1912, both Blake and teammate John J. Tigert were Rhodes Scholars. Blake broke his wrist in the Sewanee–Vanderbilt game, Bob Blake did not play in Dan McGugins first year of 1904, but resumed play on the 1905 team. The score was 4 to 0, as field goals then counted for 4 points, College Football Hall of Fame inductee Albert Exendine was playing for Carlisle. Frank Mount Pleasant missed four field goals and he made Walter Camps All-America Honorable Mention in 1907, as well as the first team All-American selection of Michigan coach Fielding Yost. Blake was a member of Dan McGugins Vanderbilt football teams, Blake missed two kicks on a slippery field in the 8–0 loss to Michigan
9.
Dan Blake
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Daniel Bigelow Blake, Jr. was an American football player and coach. Dan Bigelow Blake, Jr. was born on May 22,1882 in Cuero, Texas to Daniel Bigelow Blake, Sr. Dan, Sr. was a physician and once president of the Nashville Academy of Medicine. Blake was a prominent halfback and end for Dan McGugins Vanderbilt football teams from 1903 to 1906 and his two brothers, Bob and Vaughn, also played on those teams. Dan, Bob, and Vaughn were captains of the 1906,1907, Dan Blake was selected consensus All-Southern in 1906. At Vanderbilt he was a member of the Kappa Sigma fraternity and stood 5 feet 11, Dan played end in 1903, the same position as his brother Bob. One writer in 1904 still contended Blake, who played left half for Vanderbilt,04, being taken from left end, which position he played in 03. End is his position, he is heavy, weighing about 170, is fast, a tackler, advances the ball well. Dan was captain of the 1906 team, considered one of the schools greatest, Dan made the field goal to tie Michigan 4 to 4, a score that would remain until the final two minutes saw a Michigan touchdown. He went on to coach at Hopkinsville High School at Hopkinsville, while there he was manager of the electric light and gas plants of the Kentucky Public Service Company. Story about Blake and Vandys canine mascot
10.
Fuzzy Woodruff
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Lorenzo Ferguson Fuzzy Woodruff was an early 20th-century American sportswriter known throughout most of the southeast for his vivid writing. He was also a music and drama critic and he began his newspaper career as a member of the Montgomery Advertiser in 1907. Louis Dispatch, the Atlanta Constitution, the Atlanta Georgian, only the remarkable punting of Simkins kept the game from being a debacle. I recall vividly one incident of the game, which demonstrates clearly just how surprising was Sewanees victory, the Purple was taking time out. They began this early in the game, when their athletes appeared tired and worn whereas Auburn men were full of fight and fire. A Sewanee player was down, his head being bathed. Suter, the Sewanee coach, and Heisman, coach, said the boy, lifting his tired head from the ground, we just cant stand this stuff. Weve never seen anything like it, Heisman didnt say anything, I guess he thought a great deal. He told me afterwards that he had never felt so sorry for a man on a field as he had for Suter at that moment. A Sewanee legend of just a few years after, Henry D. Phillips, was called by Woodruff the greatest football player who ever sank cleated shoes into a line south of the Mason-Dixon line. Of Vanderbilts winningest coach Dan McGugin, Woodruff wrote The plain facts of the business are that McGugin stood out in the South like Gulliver among the sons of Lilliput. There was no foeman worthy of the McGugin steel, the article by Fuzzy Woodruff was not called for. The last game he ever covered was the Alabama–Tennessee game of 1929, woodruffs tombstone is inscribed Copy All In. Three rifle volleys were fired over the grave and taps played on a bugle as his casket was lowered into Crestlawn Cemetery. Woodruff was buried in a bloodstained overseas uniform that he brought back, the blood on the uniform was not his own but that of a foreign youth who died in his arms as Fuzzy led his men over the top at the Battle of Soissons. He was a boy and I liked him declared Fuzzy in explaining the attachment to the uniform. A History of Southern Football, 1890-1928 Fuzzy Woodruff at Find a Grave
11.
Lawyer
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A lawyer is a person who practices law, as an advocate, barrister, attorney, counselor or solicitor or chartered legal executive. The role of the lawyer varies greatly across legal jurisdictions, in practice, legal jurisdictions exercise their right to determine who is recognized as being a lawyer. As a result, the meaning of the lawyer may vary from place to place. In Australia, the lawyer is used to refer to both barristers and solicitors. In Canada, the word lawyer refers to individuals who have been called to the bar or. Common law lawyers in Canada are formally and properly called barristers and solicitors, however, in Quebec, civil law advocates often call themselves attorney and sometimes barrister and solicitor in English. The Legal Services Act 2007 defines the activities that may only be performed by a person who is entitled to do so pursuant to the Act. Lawyer is not a protected title, in India, the term lawyer is often colloquially used, but the official term is advocate as prescribed under the Advocates Act,1961. In Scotland, the word refers to a more specific group of legally trained people. It specifically includes advocates and solicitors, in a generic sense, it may also include judges and law-trained support staff. In the United States, the term refers to attorneys who may practice law. It is never used to refer to patent agents or paralegals, in fact, there are regulatory restrictions on non-lawyers like paralegals practicing law. Other nations tend to have terms for the analogous concept. In most countries, particularly civil law countries, there has been a tradition of giving many legal tasks to a variety of civil law notaries, clerks, and scriveners. Several countries that originally had two or more legal professions have since fused or united their professions into a type of lawyer. Most countries in this category are common law countries, though France, in countries with fused professions, a lawyer is usually permitted to carry out all or nearly all the responsibilities listed below. Arguing a clients case before a judge or jury in a court of law is the province of the barrister in England. However, the boundary between barristers and solicitors has evolved, in England today, the barrister monopoly covers only appellate courts, and barristers must compete directly with solicitors in many trial courts
12.
Rhodes Scholarship
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The Rhodes Scholarship, named for the British mining magnate and South African politician Cecil John Rhodes, is an international postgraduate award for students to study at the University of Oxford. It is widely considered to be one of the worlds most prestigious scholarships, established in 1902, it was the first large-scale programme of international scholarships, inspiring the creation of a great many other awards in other countries. With the scholarships, he aimed at making Oxford University the educational centre of the English-speaking race, since its creation, controversy has surrounded both its former exclusion of women, and Rhodes Anglo-supremacist beliefs and legacy of colonialism. As of 2016, there have been 7,776 scholars since the programmes inception, more than 4,700 are still living. The Rhodes Scholarships are administered and awarded by the Rhodes Trust, which was established in 1902 under the terms and conditions of the will of Cecil John Rhodes, Rhodes motivation in establishing the scholarship is reflected in his will. Stead noted that it him to the world as the first distinguished British statesman whose Imperialism was that of Race, with the scholarships, he aimed at making Oxford University the educational centre of the English-speaking race. With this motivation in mind, the legacy originally provided for scholarships for the British colonies and these three were chosen because it was thought that a good understanding between England, Germany and the United States of America will secure the peace of the world. In 1925, the Commonwealth Fund Fellowships were established to reciprocate the Rhodes Scholarships by enabling British graduates to study in the United States and it also cooperates with universities in China, BLCC for example. BLCC offers high-level scholarships for students who aim to study Chinese in Beijing. In 1953, the Parliament of the United Kingdom created the Marshall Scholarship as an alternative to the Rhodes Scholarship that would serve as a living gift to the United States. For at least its first 75 years, Rhodes Scholars usually studied for a second Bachelor of Arts degree, while that remains an option, more recent scholars usually study for an advanced degree. In recognition of the centenary of the foundation of the Rhodes Trust in 2003 and these were John Brademas, Bob Hawke, Rex Nettleford and David R. Woods. During the centenary celebrations, the foundation of the Mandela Rhodes Foundation was also marked, Cecil Rhodes wished current scholars and Rhodes alumni to have opportunities of meeting and discussing their experiences and prospects. Each countrys scholarship varies in its selectivity, in the United States, in 2014, there were 857 university-endorsed applicants for the Americans Rhodes scholarship, of whom 3. 7% were ultimately elected. In Canada between 1997-2002, there were an average of 234 university-endorsed applicants annually for 11 scholarships, for a rate of 4. 7%. An early change was the elimination of the scholarships for Germany during the First, no German scholars were chosen from 1914 to 1929, nor from 1940 to 1969. Rhodess bequest was whittled down considerably in the first decades after his death, a change occurred in 1929, when an Act of Parliament established a fund separate from the original proceeds of Rhodess will and made it possible to expand the number of scholarships. Between 1993 and 1995, scholarships were extended to countries in the European Community
13.
Carlisle Indians football
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The Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in intercollegiate football competition. The program was active from 1893 until 1917, when it was discontinued, during the programs 25 years, the Indians compiled a 167–88–13 record and 0.647 winning percentage, which makes it the most successful defunct major college football program. During the early 20th century, Carlisle was a football powerhouse. Several notable players and coaches were associated with the team, including Pop Warner, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was founded in 1879 by an American cavalry officer, Richard Henry Pratt, in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Its purpose was to facilitate the assimilation of the Native American population into mainstream American society, in 1893, the Indians played their first season recognized by the NCAA. The Indians were consistently outsized by the teams they scheduled, and they in turn relied on speed, carlisles playbook gave rise to many trick plays and other innovations that are now commonplace in American football. The overhand spiral throw and hand-off fake are both credited to Carlisle, other strategems caused the National Collegiate Athletic Association to institute rules specifically prohibiting them. In 1903, an Indian team coached by Pop Warner first employed its infamous hidden-ball play against heavily favored Harvard, Warner, as coach at Cornell, had already used it against Penn State in 1897, but it had not achieved much notice. Carlisle led Harvard at halftime, and hoping to keep the games momentum, Harvard executed the kick, and the Indians formed a circle around the returner. With the aid of a specially altered jersey, the ball was placed up the back of the returner, the Indians broke the huddle and spread out in different directions. Each player feigned carrying the ball, except Dillon, the man with the ball up the back of his jersey, the ruse confused the Crimson players, and they scrambled to find the ball carrier. Dillon, with both his hands free, was ignored by the searching Harvard players, and he ran unmolested into the end zone, with the score, Carlisle extended its lead to 11–0, but Harvard came back and eventually won 12–11. Nevertheless, the match, and trick play, resulted in national attention. Warner had learned the trick from John Heisman while facing Auburn in 1895 during his tenure as coach of the Georgia Bulldogs, in 1907, Jim Thorpe, undersized even for the Indians, persuaded Warner to allow him to try out for the team. Thorpe immediately impressed his coach and secured a position on the team. On October 26,1907, Jim Thorpe and Carlisle trounced a powerful University of Pennsylvania team, 26–6, after graduating from Carlisle, he went on to stardom in numerous athletic endeavors, including as an Olympic athlete and professional player in football, baseball, and basketball. In 1911, the Indians posted an 11–1 record, which included one of the greatest upsets in football history. Against Harvard, Thorpe scored all of the Indians points in an upset over the period powerhouse
14.
Lob Brown
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W. S. Lob or Lobster Brown was a college football player. Brown was a prominent tackle for the Georgia Tech Golden Tornado of the Georgia Institute of Technology and he was elected to the Georgia Tech Athletics Hall of Fame in 1966. Brown was selected All-Southern in 1904, some publications claim he was Techs first All-Southern player, others list Jesse Thrash. He also kicked, responsible for the win over Davidson by a field goal, Brown also helped Tech to its first defeat over Auburn in 1906
15.
Auburn Tigers football
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The Auburn Tigers football program represents Auburn University in the sport of American college football. Auburn competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, Auburn officially began competing in intercollegiate football in 1892. The Tigers joined the Southeastern Conference in 1932 as one of the members of the conference. Auburn officially claims two national championships, but has been recognized with five championships from NCAA documented selectors. Auburn has achieved twelve undefeated seasons and won conference championships. The Tigers have made forty-one post season appearances, including eleven historically major bowl berths. The Tigers have produced three Heisman Trophy winners, quarterback Pat Sullivan in 1971, running back Bo Jackson in 1985, Auburn has also produced twenty-nine consensus All-American players. The College Football Hall of Fame has inducted a total of 12 individuals from Auburn, including 8 student-athletes and four coaches, John Heisman, Mike Donahue, Ralph Jordan. Ralph Shug Jordan, who coached from 1951 to 1975, led Auburn to its first national championship and won a total of 176 games, the most by any Auburn coach. Auburns home stadium is Jordan–Hare Stadium, which opened in 1939, Auburns archrival is in-state foe Alabama. The Tigers and Crimson Tide meet annually in the Iron Bowl, the Tigers are currently led by head coach Gus Malzahn. Auburn has the 13th most wins in the NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision, in terms of winning percentage, Auburn ranks as the 9th most successful team in the past 25 years with a 71% win rate and 9th over the last half century with 69%. Of the 93 current I-A football programs that been active since Auburn first fielded a team 116 years ago, the College Football Research Center lists Auburn as the 14th best college football program in history, with eight Auburn squads listed in Billingsleys Top 200 Teams of All Time. The Bleacher Report placed Auburn as the 18th best program of all time in their power rankings conducted after the 2010 season, in 2013, College Football Data Warehouse, a website dedicated to the historical data of college football, listed Auburn 13th all-time. After the 2008 season, ESPN ranked Auburn the 21st most prestigious program in history, the Associated Press poll statistics show Auburn with the 11th best national record of being ranked in the final AP Poll and 14th overall, with an average ranking of 11.2. Since the Coaches Poll first released a poll in 1950. Auburn has also had success against teams ranked number one in the nation, the Tigers have beaten four teams ranked number one in the nation. Three Auburn players, Pat Sullivan in 1971, Bo Jackson in 1985, the Trophys namesake, John Heisman, coached at Auburn from 1895 until 1899
16.
Walter K. Chorn
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Walter Knaus Chorn was a college football player, lawyer, and one time insurance superintendent of Missouri. Chorn attended Central College in Fayette, Missouri and Vanderbilt University in Nashville and he graduated from the latter with an LL. B. Chorn was a guard and tackle for Dan McGugins Vanderbilt Commodores football teams, selected All-Southern in 1906, at Vanderbilt he was a member of Kappa Sigma. After graduation he opened a law office in Fayette, Missouri, in 1909 he became chief clerk of the commission that revised the Missouri statutes. In 1910 and 1911 he served in the auditors office. Walter K. Chorn at Find a Grave
17.
Missouri
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Missouri is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States, achieving statehood in 1821. With over six million residents, it is the eighteenth most populous state, the largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. The capitol is in Jefferson City on the Missouri River, the state is the twenty-first most extensive by area and is geographically diverse. The Northern Plains were once covered by glaciers, then tallgrass prairie, in the South are the Ozarks, a forested highland, providing timber, minerals, and recreation. The Mississippi River forms the border of the state, eventually flowing into the swampy Missouri Bootheel. Humans have inhabited the land now known as Missouri for at least 12,000 years, the Mississippian culture built cities and mounds, before declining in the 1300s. When European explorers arrived in the 1600s they encountered the Osage, the French established Louisiana, a part of New France, and founded Ste. Genevieve in 1735 and St. Louis in 1764, after a brief period of Spanish rule, the United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. Americans from the Upland South, including enslaved African Americans, rushed into the new Missouri Territory, many from Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee settled in the Boonslick area of Mid-Missouri. Soon after, heavy German immigration formed the Missouri Rhineland, Missouri played a central role in the westward expansion of the United States, as memorialized by the Gateway Arch. The Pony Express, Oregon Trail, Santa Fe Trail, as a border state, Missouris role in the American Civil War was complex and there were many conflicts within. After the war, both Greater St. Louis and the Kansas City metropolitan area became centers of industrialization and business, today, the state is divided into 114 counties and the independent city of St. Louis. Missouris culture blends elements from the Midwestern and Southern United States, the musical styles of ragtime, Kansas City jazz, and St. Louis Blues, developed in Missouri. The well-known Kansas City-style barbecue, and lesser known St. Louis-style barbecue can be found across the state, St. Louis is also a major center of beer brewing, Anheuser-Busch is the largest producer in the world. Missouri wine is produced in the nearby Missouri Rhineland and Ozarks, Missouris alcohol laws are among the most permissive in the United States. Outside of the large cities popular tourist destinations include the Lake of the Ozarks, U. S. President Harry S. Truman is from Missouri. Other well known Missourians include Mark Twain, Walt Disney, Chuck Berry, some of the largest companies based in the state include Express Scripts, Monsanto, Emerson Electric, Edward Jones, and OReilly Auto Parts. Missouri has been called the Mother of the West and the Cave State, however, Missouris most famous nickname is the Show Me State, the state is named for the Missouri River, which was named after the indigenous Missouri Indians, a Siouan-language tribe
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Hattiesburg, Mississippi
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Hattiesburg is a city in the U. S. state of Mississippi, primarily in Forrest County and extending west into Lamar County. The city population was 45,989 at the 2010 census and it is the principal city of the Hattiesburg, Mississippi, Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses Forrest, Lamar and Perry counties. Founded in 1882 by civil engineer William H. Hardy, Hattiesburg was named in honor of Hardys wife Hattie, the town was incorporated two years later with a population of 400. Hattiesburgs population first expanded as a center of the lumber and railroad industries and it now attracts newcomers to the area because of the diversity of the economy, strong neighborhoods and the central location in South Mississippi. Hattiesburg is home to The University of Southern Mississippi and William Carey University, South of Hattiesburg is Camp Shelby, the largest National Guard training base east of the Mississippi River. What is now Hattiesburg was previously inhabited by the Choctaw Native Americans, between 1763 and 1783 the area that is currently Hattiesburg fell under the jurisdiction of the colony of British West Florida. After the treaty was ratified, European-American settlers began to move into the area, Hattiesburg is positioned at the fork of the Leaf and Bouie Rivers, and was founded in 1882 by Captain William H. Hardy, a civil engineer. The city of Hattiesburg was incorporated in 1884 with a population of approximately 400, originally called Twin Forks and later Gordonville, the city received its final name of Hattiesburg from Capt. Hardy, in honor of his wife Hattie. In 1884, a railroad — known then as the New Orleans and Northeastern — was built from Meridian, Mississippi, through Hattiesburg to New Orleans. The completion of the Gulf and Ship Island Railroad from Gulfport, Mississippi, to Jackson, Mississippi, ran through Hattiesburg, though it was 20 years in the building, the G&SIRR more than fulfilled its promise. It gave the state a deep harbor, more than doubled the population of towns along its route, built the City of Gulfport. In 1924, the G&SIRR operated as a subsidiary of the Illinois Central Railroad, Hattiesburg gained its nickname, the Hub City, in 1912 as a result of a contest in a local newspaper. This suggestion came because the city was the intersection of a number of important rail lines, later the city also became the intersection of U. S. Highway 49, U. S. Highway 98 and U. S. Highway 11, and later, Interstate 59. Hattiesburg is centrally located less than 100 miles from the capital of Jackson as well as the Mississippi Gulf Coast, New Orleans and Mobile. The region around Hattiesburg was involved in the arms race of the Cold War. In the 1960s, two devices were detonated in the salt domes near Lumberton, Mississippi, about 28 miles southwest of Hattiesburg. Extensive follow-up of the area by the EPA has not revealed levels of contamination in the area that would be harmful to humans. Throughout the 20th Century, Hattiesburg benefited from the founding of Camp Shelby, the growing metropolitan area that includes Hattiesburg, Forrest and Lamar Counties, was designated a Metropolitan Statistical Area in 1994 with a combined population of more than 100,000 residents
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Sam Costen
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Samuel Cutter Costen was an American football player and coach. Costen was a quarterback for Dan McGugins Vanderbilt Commodores of Vanderbilt University, as a player he weighed some 150 pounds. He was the head college football coach for The Citadel Bulldogs located in Charleston, South Carolina. His career coaching record at The Citadel was 7–7–2 and he also coached in Blytheville, Arkansas. Costen graduated from Vanderbilt in 1908 with a LL. B degree and he was a member of Alpha Tau Omega. Costen died in Memphis in 1955, sam Costen at the College Football Data Warehouse
20.
Honus Craig
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John Livingston Honus Craig was a college football player and coach. John Livingston Craig was born on November 30,1881 in Culleoka, Tennessee to Thompson Sloan Craig, Craig was a prominent halfback for Dan McGugins Vanderbilt Commodores football teams which won four SIAA titles. He was also selected All-Southern four times, mcGugin once called him the Souths greatest athlete and Vanderbilts greatest halfback. In Craigs opinion, Bob Blake was the Souths greatest player, Craig stood 5 feet 9 inches and weighed 165 pounds. He was nominated though not selected for an Associated Press All-Time Southeast 1920-1969 era team, Craig called this his hardest game, giving special praise to Albert Exendine as the fastest end I ever saw. Earlier in the game Craig caught a 35-yard touchdown pass from Blake, Craig once coached at the Columbia Military Academy. Craig was coach and athletic director at Texas Wesleyan University, Craig died on April 18,1942 in Maury County, Tennessee while on a fishing trip. At the time of his death he was safety director for the Tennessee State Highway Department
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Dan McGugin
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Daniel Earle McGugin was an American football player and coach, as well as a lawyer. He served as the football coach at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee from 1904 to 1917 and again from 1919 to 1934. He is the winningest head coach in the history of the university, McGugin was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1951 as part of its inaugural class. Zipp Newman once wrote “I believe Dan McGugin would have gone down in history as the greatest of all coaches had he given all of his time to coaching. He was a great play-maker, but football was a sport for the beloved McGugin and law was his profession. ”McGugin was born in July 1879 on a farm near Tingley and he was the son of Benjamin Franklin McGugin and Melissa McGugin. He was of Scottish and Irish descent, McGugin saw the baton twirling skills of W. W. Wharton in Tingley for a Sunday evening church service one day in 1896 and was intrigued. Wharton, Drake Universitys first football coach, suggested he play football instead, come to Drake University, Wharton suggested, and well make you as fine a tackle as there is. McGugin enrolled at Drake University and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1901 and he played football at Drake for two years at the guard and tackle positions and was considered one of the best players that Drake ever had. After one victory he purchased a small cannon and fired it at regular fifteen-minute intervals, nodding politely to neighbors Sabbath complaints. After graduating from Drake, McGugin enrolled in law school at the University of Michigan, while there, McGugin played college football for Fielding H. Yost. He was a player on Michigans Point-a-Minute teams that outscored their opponents,1,211 to 12 in 1901 and 1902, as a guard he is careful yet nervy. He gets the jump on his opponents and keeps the advantage, although a hard player he goes into each scrimmage with as much composure as if he were walking along the campus. McGugin, although good in every department of his position, has two qualities that are pre-eminent, namely, making interference and opening holes, heston has been especially fortunate this year in having a good interference, and part of that interference has been McGugin. McGugin was the football coach for the Vanderbilt Commodores of Vanderbilt University from 1904 to 1917. During his tenures, the Vanderbilt Commodores compiled a 197–55–19 record, had a.762 winning percentage, and won 11 conference titles. He had numerous intersectional triumphs, defeating the Carlisle Indians in 1906, and tying the Navy Midshipmen in 1907, the Yale Bulldogs in 1910, McGugin used his mentor Yosts short punt formation. In his first career game, McGugins team defeated Mississippi A&M and he went on to win his next two games by 60 points as well. He remains the only coach in NCAA history to win his first three games by 60 points and he also won each of his first 11 games by more than 20 points
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