The 2016–17 Big 12 men's basketball season is the ongoing 21st season of basketball for the Big 12 Conference. Team practices began in October 2016, and were followed by the start of the regular season on November 11. Conference play began on December 30, 2016 and will conclude with the 2017 Big 12 men's basketball tournament, beginning March 8, 2017 at the Sprint Center in Kansas City. During the conference's non-conference schedule, Big 12 teams posted a win percentage of .822, the best non-conference win percentage of any conference in the nation.

The 2016–17 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team represented the University of Kansas in the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, which was the Jayhawks' 119th basketball season. The Jayhawks, members of the Big 12 Conference, played their home games at Allen Fieldhouse and were led by 14th year head coach Bill Self. They finished the season 31–5, 16–2 in Big 12 play to win their 13th consecutive Big 12 regular season title, tying UCLA's record for consecutive regular season conference titles. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Big 12 tournament to TCU. They received and at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as a No. 1 seed in the Midwest region. The appearance was their 28th consecutive appearance, the longest active streak at the time and the longest ever in NCAA Tournament history. It was the final official appearance in the streak as their tournament appearance in the following season was vacated by the NCAA. In the Tournament, they defeated UC Davis and Michigan State to advance to the Sweet Sixteen. There they defeated Purdue before losing in the Elite Eight to Oregon.