Abdul Hamid II
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Abdülhamid II or Abdul Hamid II was the 34th sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1876 to 1909, and the last sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state. He oversaw a period of decline w
Prince Abdul Hamid at Balmoral Castle in 1867, accompanying his uncle Sultan Abdulaziz during his visit to Western Europe between 21 June 1867 – 7 August 1867.
Opening of the first Ottoman Parliament (Meclis-i Umumî), at the Dolmabahçe Palace in 1877
Ottoman troops under Romanian attack at the Siege of Plevna (1877) in the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)
Şehzade (Prince) Abdul Hamid in 1868.
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
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Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was a Turkish field marshal and statesperson who was the founder of the Republic of Turkey and served as its first president from 1923 until his death in 1938. He led sweeping re
Abdul Hamid II
…advancement of the Tanzimat reforms. Since the AKP's rise to power, scholars have attributed a resurgence in his personality cult an attempt to check Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's established image as the founder of modern Turkey. Hamid Efendi was born on 21 September 1842 either in Çırağan Palace, Ortaköy, or at Topkapı Palace…
Atatürk in 1932
The house where Atatürk was born in the Ottoman city of Salonica, now a museum
Atatürk's identity document with serial number 993 814
Cevat Pasha and Mustafa Kemal on the daily Tasvîr-i Efkâr dated 29 October 1915