1.
University of Alabama
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The University of Alabama is a public research university located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States, and the flagship of the University of Alabama System. Founded in 1820, UA is the oldest and largest of the universities in Alabama. UA offers programs of study in 13 academic divisions leading to bachelors, masters, Education Specialist, the only publicly supported law school in the state is at UA. The school was a center of activity during the American Civil War, the University of Alabama varsity football program, which was inaugurated in 1892, ranks as one of 10 winningest programs in US history. In a 1913 speech then-president George H. Denny extolled the university as the capstone of the school system in the state, lending the university its current nickname. The University of Alabama has consistently ranked as one of the top 50 public universities in the nation by the U. S. News & World Report. In 1818, U. S. Congress authorized the newly created Alabama Territory to set aside a township for the establishment of a seminary of learning. When Alabama was admitted to the Union on December 14,1819, the board chose as the site of the campus a place which was then just outside the city limits of Tuscaloosa, the state capital at the time. The new campus was designed by William Nichols, also the architect of newly completed Alabama State Capitol building, the universitys charter was presented to the first university president in the nave of Christ Episcopal Church. UA opened its doors to students on April 18,1831, an academy-style institution during the Antebellum period, the university emphasized the classics and the social and natural sciences. There were around 100 students per year at UA in the 1830s, consequently, only a fraction of students who enrolled in the early years remained enrolled for long and even fewer graduated. Those who did graduate, however, often had distinguished careers in Alabama, early graduates included Benjamin F. Porter and Alexander Meek. As the state and university matured, a literary culture evolved on campus. UA had one of the largest libraries in the country on the eve of the Civil War with more than 7,000 volumes, campbell, novelist William Gilmore Simms, and Professor Frederick Barnard. The addresses to those societies reveal a vibrant intellectual culture in Tuscaloosa, they illustrate the proslavery ideas that were so central to the university. Discipline and student behavior was an issue at the university almost from the day it opened. Early presidents attempted to enforce strict rules regarding conduct, Students were prohibited from drinking, swearing, making unauthorized visits off-campus, or playing musical instruments outside a one-hour time frame. Yet riots and gunfights were not an uncommon occurrence, to combat the severe discipline problem, president Landon Garland lobbied and received approval from the legislature in 1860 to transform the university into a military school
2.
Avery Johnson
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Avery DeWitt Johnson is an American basketball coach who is currently the head coach of the Alabama Crimson Tide mens basketball team. Johnson spent 16 years in the National Basketball Association as a player and he led the Mavericks to their first NBA Finals appearance and to three consecutive 50+ win seasons. As a high school senior in 1983, Johnson led New Orleans St. Augustine High School to a 35–0 record, in that season, he also averaged 11. Upon graduation in 1988, Johnson was not selected in the NBA draft, Johnson spent the summer of 1988 with Palm Beach Stingrays of the United States Basketball League. In 43 games, Johnson averaged 1.6 points and 1.7 assists as a reserve, Johnson also played in six playoff games for the Stingrays. In the 1989–90 season, Johnson played 53 games with 10 starts for the Seattle SuperSonics and he made 18 assists on January 5,1990 against the Miami Heat. On October 24,1990, the SuperSonics traded Johnson to the Denver Nuggets for a pick in the 1997 NBA draft. After playing 21 games, Johnson was waived from the Nuggets in December before signing with the San Antonio Spurs on January 17,1991. Johnson played 47 games with seven starts for the Spurs and averaged 9.4 points,2.1 rebounds, and 5.4 assists. In the beginning of the 1991–92 season, Johnson played 20 games, on January 10,1992, Johnson signed the first of several 10-day contracts with the Houston Rockets that preceded a longer-term contract. Johnson scored a career-high 22 points against the Minnesota Timberwolves on January 28, signed as an unrestricted free agent, Johnson returned to the Spurs on November 19,1992. Promoted to starter, Johnson averaged 8.7 points,1.9 rebounds, in the playoffs, Johnson averaged 8.2 points and 8.1 assists. Johnson signed with the Golden State Warriors on October 25,1993 and was named team captain just nine days into his signing. Starting 70 of 82 games, Johnson reached a new career high 10.9 points per game, third in the league among point guards, in addition to 5.3 assists per game. Johnson is best known for his time with the Spurs from 1994 to 2001, most notably, Johnson made the go-ahead, championship-clinching shot in Game 5 on a jumper with 47 seconds remaining in the game. The Spurs retired Johnsons number 6 on December 22,2007 and he was also inducted into the San Antonio Sports Hall of Fame on February 20,2009. On July 19,2001, Johnson signed as an agent with the Denver Nuggets. Johnson played 51 games with the Nuggets and averaged 9.4 points,1.3 rebounds, the Nuggets traded Johnson and three other players to the Dallas Mavericks on February 21,2002
3.
Southeastern Conference
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The Southeastern Conference is an American college athletic conference whose member institutions are located primarily in the Southern part of the United States. Its fourteen members include the public universities of ten states. The conference is headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama, the SEC participates in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I in sports competitions, for football, it is part of the Football Bowl Subdivision, formerly known as Division I-A. The SEC was also the first NCAA Division I conference to hold a game for college football and was one of the founding members of the Bowl Championship Series. The current SEC commissioner is Greg Sankey, the conference sponsors team championships in nine mens sports and twelve womens sports. The SEC consists of 14 member institutions located within the borders of 11 contiguous states and these divisional groupings are applied exclusively to football and baseball as well as their scheduling and standings. The other charter members were, The University of the South left the SEC on December 13,1940 and it is currently a member of the Division III Southern Athletic Association. Georgia Institute of Technology left the SEC in 1964, in 1975, it became a founding member of the Metro Conference, one of the predecessors to todays Conference USA. Georgia Tech competed in the Metro Conference in all sports except football, in 1978, Georgia Tech joined another Southern Conference offshoot, the Atlantic Coast Conference, for all sports, where it has remained ever since. Tulane University left the SEC in 1966, along with Georgia Tech, it was a charter member of the Metro Conference. Unlike Tech, however, Tulane remained in the Metro Conference until it merged with the Great Midwest Conference in 1995 to form Conference USA, Tulane remained an independent in football until C-USA began football competition in 1996. Tulane left C-USA in 2014 for the American Athletic Conference, in 1990, the SEC expanded from ten to twelve member universities with the addition of the Arkansas Razorbacks and the South Carolina Gamecocks. The two new members began SEC competition with the 1991–1992 basketball season, at the same time, the SEC organized competition for some sports into two divisions. Initially, the format was used in football, baseball. The divisional format was dropped for mens basketball following the 2011–2012 season, the 1992 and 1993 championship games were held at Legion Field in Birmingham, and all championship games from 1994 onward have been held at the Georgia Dome in Atlanta. On November 6,2011 the SEC commissioner announced that the University of Missouri would also join the SEC on July 1,2012, for football, Texas A&M was scheduled to compete in the Western Division, and Missouri in the Eastern Division. Texas A&M and Missouri both left the Big 12 Conference, the office of Commissioner was created in 1940. Under the leadership of Michael F, the SECU rebranded its mission to better serve as a means through which the collaborative academic endeavors and achievements of Southeastern Conference universities would be promoted and advanced
4.
Tuscaloosa, Alabama
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Tuscaloosa is a city in and the seat of Tuscaloosa County in west central Alabama. Located on the Black Warrior River, it is the fifth-largest city in Alabama, Tuscaloosa is the regional center of industry, commerce, healthcare, and education for the area of west-central Alabama known as West Alabama. It is the city of the Tuscaloosa Metropolitan Statistical Area. Tuscaloosa is also the home of The University of Alabama, Stillman College, Tuscaloosa has been traditionally known as the Druid City because of the numerous water oaks planted in its downtown streets since the 1840s. The city has become well known nationally for the University of Alabamas success in sports. City leaders adopted the moniker The City of Champions after the Alabama Crimson Tide football team won the BCS National Championship in their 2009,2011, the Tide then went on to win the College Football Playoff in the 2015 season. In 2008, the City of Tuscaloosa hosted the USA Olympic Triathlon trials for the Beijing Games, nearly 12,000 years ago, Native Americans or Paleo-Indians arrived in what today is referred to as the Deep South. Paleo-Indians in the South were hunter-gatherers who pursued the megafauna that became extinct following the end of the Pleistocene age, after thousands of years, the Paleo-Indians developed a rich and complex agricultural society. Archaeologists called these people the Mississippians of the Mississippian culture, they were Mound Builders, descendant Native American tribes include the Creek. In 1828, Andrew Jackson was elected president of the United States and he had gained popularity when he defeated the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, following victories in the War of 1812. He long proposed Indian removal to the Indian Territory west of the Mississippi, Jackson abandoned the policy of his predecessors of treating different Indian groups as separate nations. Instead, he pursued plans to move all Indian tribes living east of the Mississippi River. Most Muscogee-speaking peoples were removed to Indian Territory during the Trail of Tears in 1834, some Muscogee in Alabama live near Poarch Creek Reservation in Atmore. The pace of settlement in the Southeast increased greatly after the War of 1812. In 1817, Alabama became a territory, and on December 13,1819, from 1826 to 1846, Tuscaloosa was the capital of Alabama. During this period, in 1831, the University of Alabama was established, the towns population and economy grew rapidly until the departure of the capital to Montgomery caused a rapid decline in population. Establishment of the Bryce State Hospital for the Insane in Tuscaloosa in the 1850s helped restore the citys fortunes, during the Civil War following Alabamas secession from the Union, several thousand men from Tuscaloosa fought in the Confederate armies. During the last weeks of the War, a brigade of Union troops raiding the city burned the campus of the university, the larger town was also damaged in the battle and shared fully in the Souths economic sufferings which followed the defeat
5.
Coleman Coliseum
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Coleman Coliseum is a 15, 383-seat multi-purpose arena in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, on the campus of the University of Alabama. It is the current home of the Alabama Crimson Tide mens basketball and womens teams and previously served as the home of the womens basketball. Moore Athletic Facility and the building and practice fields. In addition to its duties as an athletic facility, the coliseum has on numerous occasions served as venue for artistic performances, musical concerts. Coleman Coliseum is named for Jefferson Jackson Coleman, a prominent University of Alabama alumnus, Jefferson went on to serve The University in many capacities, from Business Manager of the football team to Director of Alumni Affairs, for almost 50 years. Until his death in 1995 he was the person that had attended every Alabama bowl game. In 1990, The University honored him by renaming Memorial Coliseum after him, in addition, he served Delta Chi nationally by serving in various positions, most notably as “AA” from 1954 to 1956. For his meritorious and inconspicuous service, Jeff was inducted into The Order of the White Carnation, the coliseum opened its doors for the first time on January 30,1968, for the traveling Broadway show The Roar of the Greasepaint - The Smell of the Crowd. Two days later, the basketball team hosted its game at the arena. On November 14,1971, Elvis Presley performed a show at the arena. He returned to the arena on June 3,1975, the last time he performed at the arena was on August 30,1976, a year before he died. Led Zeppelin performed a show at Memorial Coliseum on May 10,1973. On May 17,1977, American jam band the Grateful Dead played a two set show at the venue, their one and only appearance in Tuscaloosa, president Ronald Reagan visited Coleman Coliseum during his 1984 presidential re-election campaign. Since the City of Tuscaloosa does not have a civic center, the demand for events grew rapidly. In the hope that the University could pull more excitement for events at the facility, the Coliseum underwent a significant renovation in 2005, Coleman Coliseum is also noted for the historic Alabama-LSU basketball game that took place on February 7,1970. LSUs Pete Maravich scored a career-high 69 points in a 106-104 loss to Alabama, Maravich came into the game against Alabama with two pulled muscles and late in the contest, he injured an ankle. Despite the injuries, LSUs senior guard scored 47 points in the half to finish with 69. Maravich broke the record of 68 established by Niagaras Calvin Murphy 14 months earlier, Maravich completed 26 of 57 field goals and completed 17 of 21 free throws
6.
Alabama Crimson Tide
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The Alabama Crimson Tide refers to the 21 men and women varsity teams that represent the University of Alabama. The Crimson Tide teams compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Associations Division I as a member of the Southeastern Conference, in 2002, Sports Illustrated named Alabama the No.26 best collegiate sports program in America. The rivalry with the Auburn Tigers is especially heated, as the two compete annually in all sports. Later in the year, the school formed a team of 19 players, with Little as captain. Early newspaper accounts of Alabama football simply listed the team as the varsity or the Crimson White after the school colors, headline writers then made popular the nickname The Thin Red Line. It was not until 1907 that the name Crimson Tide was used to describe Alabama, the name was supposedly first used by Hugh Roberts, former sports editor of the Birmingham Age-Herald. Roberts coined the nickname to describe the 1907 Alabama-Auburn game, played in a sea of mud, although Auburn was favored to win, Alabama played well in the red mud and held Auburn to a 6-6 tie. Since then, the program has won 26 Southeastern Conference championships, in addition to the championships claimed by the university, Alabama has been recognized by the NCAA as National Champions for the 1945,1962,1966,1967, and 1977 college football seasons. However, those championships are not claimed by Alabama, on January 9,2012, Alabama finished the season ranked No.2 and beat No.1 LSU 21-0 in the BCS Championship game to take the BCS national title. On January 7,2013 Alabama Defeated the Notre Dame Fighting Irish 42-14 to claim their 15th National Championship. Although the NCAA only lists the Crimson Tide as having 14 national championships, on January 11,2016, Alabama defeated the Clemson Tigers 45-40 to claim their 16th national championship. The team has also made 58 bowl appearances throughout their history, Alabamas most recent bowl appearance was at the 2015 Sugar Bowl as part of the 2015 College Football Playoff. Alabama has a 34–24–3 bowl game record, since 1913, Alabama has had 98 players selected as first team All-Americans, with 29 of them being consensus selections. In 2009, Alabama also recorded their first Heisman Trophy winner, Mark Ingram, in 2015 Alabama had its second Heisman Trophy winner in Derrick Henry. Alabamas mens basketball program has a tradition with numerous SEC Championships and players becoming NBA stars. In the conference, it trails only Kentucky in basketball wins, SEC tournament titles, the mens basketball program has risen in stature nationally, achieving a No.1 national ranking briefly in 2002. The Crimson Tide has become a conference basketball contender much as it was in the 1980s under the direction of Coach Wimp Sanderson. In January 2009, Head Coach Mark Gottfried resigned after eleven years at Alabama, soon afterwards Anthony Grant was hired as the new head coach
7.
NCAA Division I
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Division I is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States. This level was called the University Division of the NCAA, in contrast to the lower level College Division. For football only, Division I was further subdivided in 1978 into Division I-A, Division I-AA, in 2006, Division I-A and I-AA were renamed Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision, respectively. FCS teams are allowed to award scholarships, a practice technically allowed. FBS teams also have to meet attendance requirements, while FCS teams do not need to meet minimum attendance requirements. Another difference is post season play, starting with the 2014 postseason, a four-team playoff called the College Football Playoff, replaced the previous one game championship format. Even so, Division I FBS football is still the only NCAA sport in which a champion is not determined by an NCAA-sanctioned championship event. All D-I schools must field teams in at least seven sports for men and seven for women or six for men and eight for women, with at least two team sports for each gender. Division I schools must meet minimum financial aid awards for their athletics program, Several other NCAA sanctioned minimums and differences that distinguish Division I from Divisions II and III. Each playing season has to be represented by each gender as well, there are contest and participant minimums for each sport, as well as scheduling criteria. Mens and womens teams have to play all but two games against Division I teams, for men, they must play one-third of all their contests in the home arena. The NCAA has limits on the financial aid each Division I member may award in each sport that the school sponsors. Equivalency sports, in which the NCAA limits the total financial aid that a school can offer in a sport to the equivalent of a set number of full scholarships. Roster limitations may or may not apply, depending on the sport, the term counter is also key to this concept. The NCAA defines a counter as an individual who is receiving financial aid that is countable against the aid limitations in a sport. The number of scholarships that Division I members may award in sport is listed below. In this table, scholarship numbers for head-count sports are indicated without a point, for equivalency sports, they are listed with a decimal point. An exception exists for players at non-scholarship FCS programs who receive aid in another sport, participants in basketball are counted in that sport, unless they also play football
8.
College basketball
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The history of basketball is traced back to a YMCA International Training School, known today as Springfield College, located in Springfield, Massachusetts. The date of the first formal basketball game played at the Springfield YMCA Training School under Naismiths rules is generally given as December 21,1891, Basketball began to spread to college campuses by 1893. Governing bodies in Canada include U Sports and the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association, each of these various organizations are subdivided into from one to three divisions based on the number and level of scholarships that may be provided to the athletes. The first basketball games in the United States were played at YMCAs in 1891 and 1892, by 1893, the game was being played on college campuses. The original rules for basketball were very different from todays modern rules of the sport, in the beginning James Naismith established 13 original rules, The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist, a player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, the ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it, no shouldering, holding, pushing, striking, or tripping in any way of an opponent is allowed. A foul will be called when a player is seen striking at the ball with the fist, or when violations of rules 3 and 4, if either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, if the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. When the ball out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field, the thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent, if any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and he shall have power to disqualify men according to rule 5. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to side it belongs. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, the time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner, the following is a list of some of the major NCAA Basketball rule changes with the year they went into effect. The first known college to field a team against an outside opponent was Vanderbilt University
9.
Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball
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The Kentucky Wildcats mens basketball team is an American college basketball team that represents the University of Kentucky. Kentucky is the most successful NCAA Division I basketball program in history in terms of both wins and all-time winning percentage. The Wildcats are currently coached by John Calipari, further, Kentucky has played in 17 NCAA Final Fours,12 NCAA Championship games, and has won 8 NCAA championships. In addition to these titles, Kentucky won the National Invitation Tournament in both 1946 and 1976, making it the school to win multiple NCAA and NIT championships. Kentucky also leads all schools with 61 20-win seasons,15 30-win seasons, throughout its history, the Kentucky basketball program has featured many notable and successful players, both on the collegiate level and the professional level. Kentucky holds the record for the most NBA Draft selections as well as the most #1 NBA Draft picks, the Wildcats have also been led by many successful head coaches, including Adolph Rupp, Joe B. Hall, Eddie Sutton, Rick Pitino, Tubby Smith, Kentucky is the only program with 5 different NCAA Championship coaches. The first recorded intercollegiate game at the college was a 15–6 defeat to nearby Georgetown College, the team went 1–2 for their first season, also losing to Kentucky University but defeating the Lexington YMCA. Through 1908, the team did not manage a winning season, in the fall of that year a full-time head coach was hired. This made him the first paid coach in Kentuckys basketball history and that year, the team went 5–4, and only three years later, boasted their first undefeated season with nine victories and no losses. During this early era Kentucky was unstable in that the school went through multiple coaches, in 1919, George Buchheit became the new head coach of the Wildcats. An alumnus of the University of Illinois, he brought him a new system of basketball. The Buchheit system or Illinois system, focused on defense and featured one player standing under each basket, buckheit varied the system he learned in Illinois in one important way. While the Illinois system employed a zone defense, Buchheits system used an aggressive man-to-man scheme, on offense, he used a complicated system of passing called the zig-zag or figure eight offense. Both of these teams were composed entirely of native Kentuckians, anchored by All-American Basil Hayden, the tournament victory was considered Kentuckys first major success, and the 1921 team became known as the Wonder Team. In 1922, the team was unable to build on the success of the Wonder Team, although every player was eligible in 1922, two key players, Hayden and Sam Ridgeway, were injured before the start of the season. Hayden returned from his injury during the season, but was never able to play at the level he had the previous year. Ridgeway fought a battle with diphtheria, and although he recovered
10.
LSU Tigers basketball
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The LSU Tigers basketball team represents Louisiana State University in NCAA Division I mens college basketball. The Tigers are currently coached by Will Wade and they play their home games in the Pete Maravich Assembly Center located on the LSU campus in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The team participates in the Southeastern Conference, LSUs lone defeat came to the Southwest Conference co-champion Rice Owls by a score of 56–47 in Houston in one of LSUs three road games. LSU has claimed a championship for the 1935 season. Rabenhorst also led the Tigers to the 1953 Final Four with a team that finished 22–3 overall and 13–0 in conference play, from 1957–1966, LSU was coached by Jay McCreary and Frank Truitt. They combined for a record of 88–135, significant players included George Nattin, Jr. Press Maravich was head coach from 1966–1972. He had a record of 76–86 at LSU. He led the team to three winning seasons, but did not win an SEC championship or make an NCAA tournament appearance and his 1969–70 team advanced to the NIT Final Four. This era is best known for the exploits of Press Maravichs son, Pete dominated at the collegiate level averaging 44.2 points per game and was named National Player of the Year in 1970. Dale Brown was head LSU basketball coach for 25 years from 1972–1997, during his time at LSU, he led the basketball team to two final fours, four elite 8, five sweet sixteen and thirteen NCAA tournament appearances. He also led the Tigers to four regular season SEC championships, in 1996–97, Dale Brown signed Baton Rouge high school phenom Lester Earl. Earl played just 11 games at LSU before he was suspended and transferred to the University of Kansas soon afterward, while at Kansas, Earl said that an LSU assistant coach gave him money when he was at LSU. The NCAA quickly began an investigation and it found no evidence that Brown or his assistants paid Earl. However, it did find that a former booster paid Earl about $5,000 while he was attending LSU, the basketball team was placed on probation in 1998. In September 2007, Lester Earl issued an apology to Brown, then-assistant head coach Johnny Jones, Earl now claims that the NCAA pressured him into making false claims against Dale Brown or else he would lose years of NCAA eligibility. Earl said, I was pressured into telling them SOMETHING, I was 19 years old at that time. The NCAA intimidated me, manipulated me into making up things and they told me if we dont find any dirt on Coach Brown you wont be allowed to play but one more year at Kansas
11.
NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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The tournament was created in 1939 by the National Association of Basketball Coaches, and was the idea of Ohio State University coach Harold Olsen. Played mostly during March, it has one of the most famous annual sporting events in the United States. The tournament teams include champions from 32 Division I conferences, and 36 teams which are awarded at-large berths, the 68 teams are divided into four regions and organized into a single-elimination bracket, which pre-determines, when a team wins a game, which team it will face next. Each team is seeded, or ranked, within its region from 1 to 32, after an initial four games between eight lower-ranked teams, the tournament occurs during the course of three weekends, at pre-selected neutral sites across the United States. The Final Four is usually played during the first weekend of April and these four teams, one from each region, compete in a pre-selected location for the national championship. The tournament has been at least partially televised since 1969, currently, the games are broadcast by CBS, TBS, TNT, and truTV under the trade-name NCAA March Madness. Since 2011, all games are available for viewing nationwide and internationally, such as in the Philippines, as television coverage has grown, so too has the tournaments popularity. Currently, millions of Americans fill out a bracket, attempting to predict the outcome of all 67 games of the tournament. With 11 national titles, UCLA has the record for the most NCAA Mens Division I Basketball Championships, the University of Kentucky is second, with eight national titles. The University of North Carolina is in place, with six titles, while Duke University. The University of Connecticut is sixth with four national titles, the University of Kansas and University of Louisville are tied with three championships. During that time Villanova, Michigan, UNLV, Duke, Arkansas, Arizona, Connecticut, Maryland, Syracuse, the NCAA has changed the tournament format several times since its inception, most often representing an increase of the number of teams. This section describes the tournament as it has operated since 2011, for changes during the course of its history, and to see how the tournament operated during past years, go to Format history, below. A total of 68 teams qualify for the tournament played during March, thirty-two teams earn automatic bids as their respective conference champions. Of the 32 Division I all-sports conferences, all 32 currently hold championship tournaments to determine which team receives the automatic qualification. The Ivy League was the last Division I conference that did not conduct a tournament, through the 2015–16 season, if two or more Ivies shared a regular-season championship, a one-game playoff was used to decide the tournament participant. Since 2017, the league conducts their own postseason tournament, the committee also determines where all sixty-eight teams are seeded and placed in the bracket. The tournament is divided into four regions and each region has at least sixteen teams, the committee is charged with making each of the four regions as close as possible in overall quality of teams from wherever they come from
12.
Alabama Crimson Tide football
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The Alabama Crimson Tide football program represents the University of Alabama in the sport of American football. The team competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association, the team is currently coached by Nick Saban. The Crimson Tide is among the most storied and decorated football programs in NCAA history, since beginning play in 1892, the program claims 16 national championships, including 11 wire-service national titles in the poll-era, and five other titles before the poll-era. From 1958 to 1982, the team was led by Hall of Fame coach Paul Bear Bryant, despite numerous national and conference championships, it was not until 2009 that an Alabama player received a Heisman Trophy, when running back Mark Ingram became the universitys first winner. In 2015, Derrick Henry became the universitys second Heisman winner, Alabama has 878 official victories in NCAA Division I, has won 30 conference championships and has made an NCAA-record 64 postseason bowl appearances. Other NCAA records include 23 winning streaks of 10 games or more and 19 seasons with a 10–0 start, the program has 34 seasons with 10 wins or more, and has 37 bowl victories, both NCAA records. Alabama has completed 10 undefeated seasons,9 of which were perfect seasons, the Crimson Tide leads the SEC West Division with 12 division titles and 11 appearances in the SEC Championship Game. Alabama holds a record against every current and former SEC school. The Associated Press ranks Alabama 4th in all-time final AP Poll appearances, Alabama plays its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium, located on the campus in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. With a capacity of 101,821, Bryant-Denny is the 8th largest non-racing stadium in the world, Alabama has had 28 head coaches since organized football began in 1892. Adopting the nickname Crimson Tide after the 1907 season, the team has played more than 1,100 games in their 114 seasons, in that time,12 coaches have led the Crimson Tide in postseason bowl games, Wallace Wade, Frank Thomas, Harold D. Red Drew, Bear Bryant, Ray Perkins, Bill Curry, Gene Stallings, Mike DuBose, Dennis Franchione, Mike Shula, Joe Kines, and Nick Saban. Eight of those coaches also won championships, Wade, Thomas, Drew, Bryant, Curry, Stallings, DuBose. During their tenures, Wade, Thomas, Bryant, Stallings, of the 27 different head coaches who have led the Crimson Tide, Wade, Thomas, Bryant, and Stallings have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame. The current head coach is Nick Saban, who was hired in January 2007, National championships in NCAA FBS college football are debated as the NCAA does not officially award the championship. Despite not naming an official National Champion, the NCAA provides lists of championships awarded by organizations it recognizes, beginning in 1936, the Associated Press began the best-known and most widely circulated poll of sportswriters and broadcasters. Before 1936, national champions were determined by research and retroactive ratings. The criteria for being included in this historical list of poll selectors is that the poll be national in scope, either through distribution in newspaper, television, since World War II, Alabama only claims national championships awarded by the final AP Poll or the final Coaches Poll
13.
Mark Gottfried
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Mark Frederick Gottfried is an American mens college basketball coach and former player. He was named coach of North Carolina State University on April 5,2011. Gottfried played one season at Oral Roberts and three seasons at Alabama, advancing to the Sweet Sixteen in each of his seasons with the Crimson Tide. He spent eight seasons as an assistant coach at UCLA, including the teams 1995 NCAA championship season, Gottfried is currently an honorary board of trustees member of the Athletes in Action sports ministry. Gottfried was born in Crestline, Ohio and he played varsity basketball at Carterville High School in Carterville, Illinois and Carbondale High School in Carbondale, Illinois. He then played for UMS Prep in Mobile, Alabama during his senior year, as a student, he was selected to the National Honor Society. Gottfried was inducted into UMS-Wrights Hall of Fame and in 2004 was the UMS Alumnus of the Year, Gottfried attended Oral Roberts on a basketball scholarship. After playing there for one season, where he was a Freshman All-American, there, he started 98 consecutive games, and Alabama advanced to the Sweet Sixteen in all three seasons he played. He holds the records for most 3-point shots made in a single game with eight in a 1987 game against Vanderbilt. He was selected by the Detroit Pistons in the round of the 1987 NBA Draft. Instead, he spent three years touring with Athletes in Action, then attended UCLA graduate school for two years, Gottfried served as an assistant coach for eight seasons at UCLA under Jim Harrick. Also members of the staff were former St. Johns and UCLA head coach Steve Lavin, the Bruins were the 1995 NCAA champions with Gottfried as an assistant coach and recruiter. He faced his former school twice as coach at Alabama, losing 79–57 in the 2001 John Wooden Classic. Gottfried was head coach from 1995 to 1998 at Murray State University, Murray State advanced to the NCAA tournament in 1997 and again in 1998 and made the NIT in his first season there in 1996. He coached the Racers to Ohio Valley Conference Championships in each of his seasons as head coach, in his last season, the Racers finished 25th in the final AP Poll. Gottfried was hired by the University of Alabama on March 25,1998 and he led the Tide to the SEC regular season championship in the 2001–02 season. The following year, his became the first in Crimson Tide history to be ranked No.1 in the AP poll. The team held the ranking for two weeks before losing 51–49 to Utah shortly before conference play, during the end of the following season, his team upset top-ranked and top-seeded Stanford in the second round of the NCAA Tournament
14.
2004 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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The 2004 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament involved 65 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of mens NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 16,2004, and ended with the game on April 5 at the Alamodome in San Antonio. A total of 64 games were played, the NCAA named, for the first time, the four tournament regions after regional site host cities instead of the East, Midwest, South, and West designations. It was also the first year that the matchups for the semifinals were determined at least in part by the overall seeding of the top team in each regional. The top four teams in the tournament were Kentucky, Duke, Stanford, had all of those teams advanced to the Final Four, Kentucky would have played Saint Josephs and Duke would have played Stanford in the semifinal games. Of those teams, only Duke advanced to the Final Four, Connecticut defeated Georgia Tech 82-73 to win their second national championship in as many tries. Emeka Okafor of Connecticut was named the tournaments Most Outstanding Player, as they had in 1999, Connecticut won their regional championship in Phoenix, Arizona. Two of the top seeds failed to make it past the opening weekend. Kentucky, number one seed of the St. Louis region, incidentally, both teams were defeated by schools from Alabama, as Kentucky fell to UAB while Stanford lost to Alabama. Due to their strong 2003-04 season, Gonzaga achieved its highest NCAA tournament seed until 2013 by receiving the #2 seed in the St. Louis region, Gonzaga would receive a #1 seed in the 2013 tournament. The team failed to advance beyond the first weekend of the tournament, Louis Regional, Edward Jones Dome, St. Louis, Missouri April 3 and 5 Alamodome, San Antonio, Texas *Florida A&M University won the Opening Round game. The America East, Atlantic Sun, Big Sky, Big South, CAA, Horizon League, Mid-Continent, Ivy, MAC, MEAC, Northeast, Ohio Valley, Patriot, SoCon, Southland, SWAC, and Sun Belt conferences all went 0–1. The columns R32, S16, E8, F4, and CG respectively stand for the Round of 32, Sweet Sixteen, Elite Eight, Final Four, and Championship Game. By contrast, all three of Dukes centers fouled out, including Shelden Williams, who committed his fifth foul with 3,04 to play, in addition, Duke went without a field goal for the last 4½ minutes until Chris Duhons meaningless three-pointer at the buzzer. Duke coach Mike Krzyzewski was denied his 65th NCAA Tournament victory which would have tied him with Dean Smith for the all-time record, Georgia Tech led for most of the game including a seven-point edge at halftime. However, Oklahoma State was able to tie the game on John Lucass three-pointer with 26.3 seconds left, Georgia Tech then milked the clock which set up Bynums game-winner. Georgia Tech advanced to their first ever National Championship appearance, Oklahoma State coach Eddie Sutton was denied yet another chance at an elusive national title. April 5,2004 Connecticut 82, Georgia Tech 73 The 2004 National Championship Game proved to be a coronation for the Connecticut Huskies as they handled Paul Hewitts Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets
15.
Anthony Grant
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Anthony Duvale Grant is an American basketball coach who is the head mens basketball coach at the University of Dayton. Prior to that, he was the coach at Virginia Commonwealth University from 2006 to 2009. Prior to becoming the VCU head coach, he was an assistant coach at the University of Florida from 1996 to 2006. As a sophomore, Grant averaged 10.7 points a game and 6.5 rebounds a game and the Flyers again made it to the NCAA Tournament. As a junior, the 65 Grant moved from power forward to small forward and averaged 7.1 points a game and 4.8 rebounds a contest while the team advanced to the National Invitation Tournament. As a senior, Grant was named a team captain awarded team MVP, in his 105 appearances, Grant registered 11.6 points and 6.7 rebounds each time out. In 1987, Grant spent a year playing for the Miami Tropics of the United States Basketball League, in 1987, Grant became an assistant coach and math teacher at Miami Senior High School under Marcos Shaky Rodriguez. The Miami native served for ten years as an assistant to Billy Donovan at the University of Florida, in the spring of 2002, Grant was elevated to the title of Associate Head Coach after serving as an assistant for his first six seasons. The Gators were 226–98 during Grants 10-year stint in Gainesville, prior to the University of Florida, Grant served as an assistant to Donovan for two years at Marshall University helping them to a 35–20 record. Grant also served as an assistant coach during the 1993–94 season at Stetson, Grant led VCU to a 79–77 upset of 6th seeded Duke to reach the 2nd round of the 2007 NCAA Tournament. Two of Grants VCU players were drafted as first round picks in the 2009 and 2010 NBA drafts. On March 27,2009 Grant agreed in principle to become the head mens basketball coach at the University of Alabama. They would go on to lose in the quarterfinals to #2 Kentucky, Grant also got his first signature win, when Alabama defeated #12 Kentucky in Coleman Coliseum, 68–66. Dick Vitale has noted Grant as one of his Coaches on the Rise and he guided Alabama to the NIT Final in Madison Square Garden in only his second year. Grant reached the 2012 NCAA Tournament in his third season and that marked Alabamas first appearance since 2006. However, it was short-lived, the Tide lost to Creighton in the round of the tournament. In Grants fourth season at the Capstone, the Crimson Tide started strong, the Tide finished a surprising 12–6 in SEC play, tied for 2nd place in the league. After winning one game in the SEC Basketball Tournament, the Tide lost to Florida the next day, Grants team lost to Miami in the National Invitation Tournament quarterfinals by a score of 58–57
16.
Charles A. Bernier
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Charles Arthur Yank Bernier was an American football, basketball, and baseball player, coach, and college administrator. Bernier was also the basketball coach at Hampden–Sydney, Virginia Tech. In addition, he was the baseball coach at the University of New Hampshire, Virginia Tech. Bernier also served as the director at Alabama from 1920 to 1923. Bernier played football, basketball, and baseball at Virginia Tech and he died on June 20,1963 at his home in Cottondale, Alabama. Charles Bernier at the College Football Data Warehouse
17.
Bear Bryant
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Paul William Bear Bryant was an American college football player and coach. He was best known as the head coach of the University of Alabama football team. During his 25-year tenure as Alabamas head coach, he amassed six national championships, upon his retirement in 1982, he held the record for most wins as head coach in collegiate football history with 323 wins. The Paul W. Bryant Museum, Paul W. Bryant Hall, Paul W. Bryant Drive, before arriving at Alabama, Bryant was head football coach at the University of Maryland, the University of Kentucky, and Texas A&M University. Paul Bryant was the 11th of 12 children who were born to Wilson Monroe and Ida Kilgore Bryant in Moro Bottom, Cleveland County and his nickname stemmed from his having agreed to wrestle a captive bear during a carnival promotion when he was 13 years old. His mother wanted him to be a minister, but Bryant told her Coaching is a lot like preaching. He attended Fordyce High School, where 6 ft 1 in tall Bryant, during his senior season, the team, with Bryant playing offensive line and defensive end, won the 1930 Arkansas state football championship. Bryant accepted a scholarship to play for the University of Alabama in 1931, Bryant played end for the Crimson Tide and was a participant on the schools 1934 national championship team. Bryant himself was second team All-Southeastern Conference in 1934, and was third team all conference in both 1933 and 1935, Bryant played with a partially broken leg in a 1935 game against Tennessee. Bryant pledged the Sigma Nu social fraternity, and as a senior, he married Mary Harmon, Bryant was selected in the fourth round by the Brooklyn Dodgers in the 1936 NFL Draft, but never played professional football. After graduating from the University of Alabama in 1936, Bryant took a job under A. B. Hollingsworth at Union University in Jackson, Tennessee, but he left that position when offered an assistant coaching position under Frank Thomas at the University of Alabama, over the next four years, the team compiled a 29–5–3 record. In 1940, he left Alabama to become an assistant at Vanderbilt University under Henry Russell Sanders, during their 1940 season, Bryant served as head coach of the Commodores for their 7–7 tie against Kentucky as Coach Sanders was recovering from an appendectomy. After the 1941 season, Bryant was offered the coaching job at the University of Arkansas. However, Pearl Harbor was bombed soon thereafter, and Bryant declined the position to join the United States Navy, in 1942 he served as an assistant coach with the Georgia Pre-Flight Skycrackers. Bryant then served off North Africa, seeing no combat action, however, his ship, the converted liner USAT Uruguay, was rammed by an oil tanker near Bermuda and ordered to be abandoned. Bryant disobeyed the order, saving the lives of his men, allen Barra claims that two hundred others died in the collision. He was later granted an honorable discharge to train recruits and coach the North Carolina Navy Pre-Flight football team, one of the players he coached for the Navy was the future Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Otto Graham
18.
Adolph Rupp
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Adolph Frederick Rupp was one of the most successful coaches in the history of American college basketball. Rupp is ranked fifth in total victories by a mens NCAA Division I college coach, Rupp is also second among all mens college coaches in all-time winning percentage, trailing only Clair Bee. Rupp was enshrined in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on April 13,1969, Rupp was born September 2,1901 in Halstead, Kansas to Heinrich Rupp, a German immigrant, and Anna Lichi, an Austrian immigrant. The fourth of six children, Rupp grew up on a 163-acre farm that his parents had homesteaded and he began playing basketball as a young child, with the help of his mother who made a ball for him by stuffing rags into a gunnysack. Mother sewed it up and somehow made it round, he recalled in 1977, Rupp was a star for the Halstead High School basketball team, one of the first in the area to play with a real basketball. He averaged 19 points a game, former teammates described Rupp as the teams unofficial coach. After high school, Rupp attended the University of Kansas from 1919 to 1923 and he worked part-time at the student Jayhawk Cafe to help pay his college expenses. He was a reserve on the team under legendary coach Forrest Phog Allen from 1919 to 1923. Assisting Allen during that time was his coach and inventor of the game of basketball, James Naismith. In Rupps junior and senior seasons, Kansas had outstanding basketball squads. Later, both of these standout Kansas teams would be awarded the Helms National Championship, recognizing the Jayhawks as the top team in the nation during those seasons and he received a MA from Teachers College, Columbia University. Rupp began his career in coaching by accepting a job at Burr Oak High School. After a one-year stay, Rupp moved on to Marshalltown, Iowa, where he coached wrestling and he did lead the Marshalltown team to a state wrestling title in 1926. In 1926–30, Rupp accepted the head coaching position at Freeport High School. During his four years at Freeport, Rupp compiled a record of 66-21, while at Freeport High School Rupp started William Mose Mosely, the first African-American to play basketball at Freeport and the second to graduate from the school. University of Illinois head basketball coach Craig Ruby was invited to speak at the banquet following the 1929–30 season. Ruby informed Rupp of the Kentucky head coaching job and followed up by recommending him for the job, during his time in Freeport, Rupp met his future wife, Esther Schmidt. Rupp coached the University of Kentucky mens basketball team from 1930 to 1972, there, he gained the nicknames, Baron of the Bluegrass, and The Man in the Brown Suit
19.
Transylvania University
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Transylvania University is a private university in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780, making it the first university in Kentucky and it offers 36 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Its medical program graduated 8,000 physicians by 1859 and its enduring footprint, both in national and southern academia, make it among the most prolific cultural establishments and the most storied institutions in the South. Transylvania was the first college west of the Allegheny Mountains, and was the namesake of the Colony of Transylvania, Latin for across the woods, Thomas Jefferson was governor of Virginia when the Virginia Assembly chartered Transylvania Seminary in 1780. Called Transylvania University by 1799, its first sponsor was the Christ Episcopal Churchs rector, the school later became affiliated with the Presbyterian Church. Originally situated in a log cabin in Boyle County, Kentucky, the first site in Lexington was a single building in what is now the historic Gratz Park. By 1818, a new building was constructed for students classes. Later, in 1829, that burned, and the school was moved to its present location north of Third Street. Old Morrison, the campus building at the time, was constructed 1830–34, under the supervision of Henry Clay. After 1818, the university included a school, a law school, a divinity school. This school was not affiliated with the modern University of Kentucky, founded by Baptist churches in Kentucky, Bacon College operated from 1837 to 1851. It was also distinct from nearby Georgetown College, another Baptist-supported institution and this school closed in 1860 and its Harrodsburg building burned in 1864. By mutual agreement and an act of the legislature the college was merged with Transylvania University in 1865. It attracted many politically ambitious young men including Stephen F. Austin, following the devastating Civil War, Kentucky University was hit by a major fire, and both it and Transylvania University were left in dire financial straits. In 1865, both institutions secured permission to merge, the new institution used Transylvanias campus in Lexington while perpetuating the Kentucky University name. However, due to questions regarding having a federally funded land-grant college controlled by a religious body, the A&M of Kentucky soon developed into one of the states flagship public universities, the University of Kentucky. Kentucky Universitys College of the Bible, which traced its roots to Bacon Colleges Department of Hebrew Literature, Transylvanias seminary eventually became a separate institution, but remained housed on the Kentucky University campus until 1950. It later changed its name to the Lexington Theological Seminary, in 1903, Hamilton College, a Lexington-based womens college founded in 1869, merged into Kentucky University
20.
National Invitation Tournament
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The National Invitation Tournament is a mens college basketball tournament operated by the National Collegiate Athletic Association. Played at Madison Square Garden in New York City each March and April, over time it became eclipsed by the NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament – known today informally as March Madness and The Big Dance. The NIT has since been regarded more as a tournament for teams that did not receive a berth in the NCAA tournament. A second, much more recent NIT tournament is played in November, formerly the Preseason NIT, it was founded in 1985. Like the postseason NIT, its final rounds are played at Madison Square Garden, both tournaments were operated by the Metropolitan Intercollegiate Basketball Association until 2005, when they were purchased by the NCAA, and the MIBA disbanded. Unless otherwise qualified, the terms NIT or National Invitation Tournament refer to the tournament in both common and official use. The first NIT was won by the Temple University Owls over the Colorado Buffaloes and this became the Metropolitan Intercollegiate Basketball Association in 1948. Originally the tournament invited a field of 6 teams, with all games played at Madison Square Garden in downtown Manhattan. The field was expanded to 8 teams in 1941,12 in 1949,14 in 1965,16 in 1968,24 in 1979,32 in 1980, in 2007, the tournament reverted to the current 32-team format. Some conferences, such as the Southeastern Conference, were racially segregated, from its onset and at least into the mid-1950s, the NIT was regarded as the most prestigious showcase for college basketball. The winner of the National Invitation Tournament was regarded as more of a national champion than the actual, titular, national champion, several teams played in both the NIT and NCAA tournaments in the same year, beginning with Colorado and Duquesne in 1940. Colorado won the NIT in 1940 but subsequently finished fourth in the NCAA West Region, in 1949, some Kentucky players were bribed by gamblers to lose their first round game in the NIT. This same Kentucky team went on to win the NCAA, the champions of both the NCAA and NIT tournaments played each other for a few years during World War II. From 1943 to 1945, the American Red Cross sponsored a charity game between each years tournament champions to raise money for the war effort. The series was described by Ray Meyer as not just benefit games, the NCAA champion prevailed in all three games. The Helms Athletic Foundation retroactively selected the NIT champion as its champion for 1938. In 1943 the NCAA tournament moved to share Madison Square Garden with the NIT in an effort to increase the credibility of the NCAA Tournament. In 1945, The New York Times indicated that many teams could get bids to enter either tournament, the team played in the NIT instead, which it won
21.
National Collegiate Athletic Association
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The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a non-profit association which regulates athletes of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals. It also organizes the programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2014, the NCAA generated almost a billion dollars in revenue. 80 to 90% of this revenue was due to the Division I Mens Basketball Tournament and this revenue is then distributed back into various organizations and institutions across the United States. In August 1973, the current three-division setup of Division I, Division II, under NCAA rules, Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport. Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships, generally, larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III. Division I football was divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978. Subsequently, the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all, in 2006, Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision. Inter-collegiate sports began in the US in 1852 when crews from Harvard University, as other sports emerged, notably football and basketball, many of these same concepts and standards were adopted. Football, in particular, began to emerge as a marquee sport, the IAAUS was officially established on March 31,1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910. For several years, the NCAA was a group and rules-making body, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, a series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The Sanity Code – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses, postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of problems and the growth in membership and championships demonstrated the need for full-time professional leadership. Walter Byers, previously an executive assistant, was named executive director in 1951. Byers wasted no time placing his stamp on the Association, as college athletics grew, the scope of the nations athletics programs diverged, forcing the NCAA to create a structure that recognized varying levels of emphasis. In 1973, the Associations membership was divided into three legislative and competitive divisions – I, II, and III, five years later in 1978, Division I members voted to create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in football. Until the 1980s, the association did not offer womens athletics, instead, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women, with nearly 1000 member schools, governed womens collegiate sports in the United States
22.
Tartan
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Tartan is a pattern consisting of criss-crossed horizontal and vertical bands in multiple colours. Tartans originated in woven wool, but now they are made in other materials. Tartan is particularly associated with Scotland, Scottish kilts almost always have tartan patterns. Tartan is often called plaid in North America, but in Scotland, Tartan is made with alternating bands of coloured threads woven as both warp and weft at right angles to each other. The weft is woven in a simple twill, two over—two under the warp, advancing one thread at each pass and this forms visible diagonal lines where different colours cross, which give the appearance of new colours blended from the original ones. The resulting blocks of colour repeat vertically and horizontally in a pattern of squares and lines known as a sett. The Dress Act of 1746 attempted to bring the clans under government control by banning the tartan. When the law was repealed in 1782, it was no longer ordinary Highland dress, until the middle of the nineteenth century, the highland tartans were only associated with either regions or districts, rather than any specific Scottish clan. Today tartan is no longer limited to textiles, but is used on non-woven mediums, such as paper, plastics, packaging, the English word tartan is most likely derived from the French tartarin meaning Tartar cloth. It has also suggested that tartan may be derived from modern Scottish Gaelic tarsainn. Today tartan usually refers to coloured patterns, though originally a tartan did not have to be made up of any pattern at all, as late as the 1830s tartan was sometimes described as plain coloured. Patterned cloth from the Gaelic-speaking Scottish Highlands was called breacan, meaning many colours, over time the meanings of tartan and breacan were combined to describe certain type of pattern on a certain type of cloth. The pattern of a tartan is called a sett, the sett is made up of a series of woven threads which cross at right angles. Today tartan is used to describe the pattern, not limited to textiles. In North America the term plaid is commonly used to describe tartan, the word plaid, derived from the Scottish Gaelic plaide, meaning blanket, was first used of any rectangular garment, sometimes made up of tartan, particularly that which preceded the modern kilt. In time, plaid was used to describe blankets themselves, each thread in the warp crosses each thread in the weft at right angles. Thus, a set of two base colours produces three different colours including one mixture and this means that the more stripes and colours used, the more blurred and subdued the tartans pattern becomes. The sequence of threads, known as the sett, starts at an edge, in diagram A, the sett reverses at the first pivot, then repeats, then reverses at the next pivot, and will carry on in this manner horizontally
23.
Sport coat
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A sport coat, also called a sports jacket, less commonly known as a sportcoat, is a jacket for men. Though it is of a cut and length to a suit jacket. Styles, fabrics, colours and patterns are more varied than in most suits, sturdier and thicker fabrics are used, such as corduroy, suede, denim, leather. Originally, sports coats were worn as casual attire for watching outdoor sports, with time, they came to be used on more formal occasions, sometimes being used in school uniforms. A shooting jacket is a type of coat worn, as the name suggests. It usually comes with a patch on the front shoulder to prevent recoil wear from the butt of a shotgun or rifle. A hacking jacket is a sports coat for casual riding, often of tweed. A blazer is similar to a coat, and is tailored from solid color or striped fabrics. Blazers are often made with metal buttons reflecting their origins in the British Navy, blazers also often have patch pockets, unlike other kinds of coats. Blouson British Country Clothing Norfolk jacket Esquire Magazine, How to Buy a Blazer, July 2009
24.
Robert Horry
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Robert Keith Horry is an American retired basketball player and current sports commentator. He played 16 seasons in the National Basketball Association, winning seven championships and he is one of only two players to have won NBA championships with three different teams, two with the Houston Rockets, three with the Los Angeles Lakers and two with the San Antonio Spurs. He earned the nickname Big Shot Rob because of his shooting in important games. Horry now works as a commentator on Spectrum SportsNet, soon after Horry was born in Harford County, Maryland, his father, Staff Sergeant Robert Horry Sr. divorced his mother, Leila, and moved to South Carolina. Horry grew up in Andalusia, Alabama, later, when Robert Sr. was stationed at Fort Benning, Georgia, the father and son met weekly. As a senior at Andalusia High School, Horry won the Naismith Alabama High School Player of the Year award, at the University of Alabama, he played basketball for Coach Wimp Sanderson, and he was a teammate of fellow future NBA player Latrell Sprewell. At Alabama, Horry started 108 of the 133 games he played and helped the Tide win three SEC tournament titles and twice reached the NCAAs Sweet 16 round, Alabama compiled a 98-36 record during his four seasons, Horry set a school record for career blocked shots. He was selected to the All-Southeastern Conference, the SEC All-Defensive, Horry was selected 11th overall in the 1992 NBA draft by the Houston Rockets as a small forward. He spent his first four seasons with the Rockets, helping win the NBA Championship in 1994 and 1995. While in the Finals, Horry set an individual NBA Finals record with seven steals in a game, during his years with the Rockets, Horry wore number 25. In February 1994, he and Matt Bullard were traded to the Detroit Pistons for Sean Elliott, but Elliott failed a physical because of problems. Horry said that the trade falling through probably saved his career, the San Antonio Spurs and adding a crucial basket in a 106-103 win in Game 3 of the NBA Finals against the Orlando Magic. Following the victory at the 1995 NBA Finals, Horry and the Rockets would win their second NBA Championship, Horry said that out of his 7 championship victories, this was the one he was the most proud of because the Rockets were the 6th seed in the Western Conference. On August 19,1996, Horry was traded to the Phoenix Suns along with Sam Cassell, Chucky Brown, Horry had been criticized in Houston for not taking enough shots and felt that was what prompted the Rockets to trade him. After joining the Suns, Horry had an altercation with coach Danny Ainge. The incident with Ainge led to Horrys suspension and trade to the Los Angeles Lakers on January 10,1997, because the Lakers had retired jersey number 25 to honor Gail Goodrich, Horry wore the number 5 instead. During the 1999–2000 season, Horry played behind A. C. Green but frequently garnered more minutes off the bench than the starters, in the 2000 Finals against the Indiana Pacers, the Lakers took a 2-1 lead into game 4 in Indiana. The game went into overtime, and Shaquille ONeal fouled out, Horry finished with 17 points in 37 minutes, his high for the Finals, and won his third championship as the Lakers defeated the Pacers 4 games to 2
25.
Antonio McDyess
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Antonio Keithflen McDyess is an American retired professional basketball player. Listed at 69 and 245 lbs, McDyess played as a power forward. McDyess was born in Quitman, Mississippi and attended the University of Alabama, as a prep, McDyess was one of the top 30 players nationally, and made the Magic Johnson Roundball Classic. McDyess played college basketball at the University of Alabama, as a sophomore, he led the Crimson Tide in scoring and rebounding, and was considered the SECs best big man. He decided to forgo his two years of college to enter the 1995 NBA draft. McDyesss explosive leaping and power dunking ability allowed him to average 17.8 points and 8.8 rebounds per game over his first six seasons, in 1997, before his third year, McDyess was traded to the Phoenix Suns. He helped the Suns to a 56–26 record during his season in Phoenix. He became an agent prior to the lockout–shortened 1998–99 season. The move was however, because after he had verbally agreed to return to Denver. According to Sports Illustrated, Jason Kidd, Rex Chapman, McDyess was attending a Colorado Avalanche game with Nuggets President and General Manager Dan Issel, and Issel told security to not let the three Suns players into the building. Without any further consultation, he re–signed with the Nuggets, considered an up and comer, he was selected to be a part of the gold–winning U. S. Olympic mens basketball team at the 2000 Summer Olympics. In 2000–01, McDyess was named an All–Star and became just the third Nugget to average at least 20 points and 10 rebounds for a season, after Dan Issel in 1977–78 and George McGinnis in 1978–79. Early in the 2001–2002 season McDyess suffered a knee injury, a Patellar tendon rupture. McDyess struggled to play through the injury, re–aggravating it several times and he was sidelined due to injury for the remainder of the 2001–2002 season as well as the entire 2002–2003 NBA season. McDyess was traded to the Knicks on June 26,2002 in exchange for Marcus Camby, Mark Jackson and the rights to Nenê. McDyess began the 2002–2003 season as a highly anticipated addition to the New York Knicks, but on October 8,2002, with 1 minute 55 seconds left in an exhibition game against Phoenix, McDyess reinjured the knee while dunking a rebound. He would undergo another surgery four days later, in the 2003–2004 season, McDyess was traded to the Phoenix Suns after just 18 games with the Knicks in an eight–player deal that brought Stephon Marbury to New York. He remained healthy while in Phoenix for the remainder of the 2003–04 season and that off-season, his knee was declared healthy and the Detroit Pistons signed him for the full mid–level exception
26.
2002 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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The 2002 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament involved 65 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of mens NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 12,2002, and ended with the game on April 1 in Atlanta at the Georgia Dome. A total of 64 games were played and this was the first year that the tournament used the so-called pod system, in which the eight first- and second-round sites are distributed around the four regionals. Teams were assigned to first round spots in order to travel for as many teams as possible. Maryland defeated Indiana 64-52 in the game to win their first ever national championship. Juan Dixon of Maryland was named the tournaments Most Outstanding Player, for the second straight tournament, the Elite Eight featured at least one double-digit seed. South Region tenth-seed Kent State and West Region twelfth-seed Missouri played in their regional finals, with Kent State losing to Indiana. This also marked the first time since 1987 that no team from the states of North Carolina nor Kentucky reached the Final Four, louis, Missouri University Arena, Albuquerque, New Mexico March 15 and 17 American Airlines Center, Dallas MCI Center, Washington, D. C. This time they would take advantage of their trip, after falling behind 13-2 to the Kansas Jayhawks to begin the game, Maryland stormed to a 44-37 lead at halftime. They expanded their lead to 20, 83-63, with 6,11 left in the game, roy Williams Kansas squad did not quit and closed the gap to 4 with under a minute remaining, but the Terps survived to advance to the championship, 97-88. Maryland senior Juan Dixon led the contest in scoring with 33, Indiana 73, Oklahoma 64 Mike Daviss Indiana Hoosiers continued their Cinderella ride in the NCAA Tournament by defeating another higher ranked team, the Oklahoma Sooners. Oklahoma led most of the first half, and took a 34-30 lead into halftime, however, with the score 60-60 late in the 2nd half Indiana broke ahead for good with an easy bucket from Jeff Newton, who led the Hoosiers with 19 points. The Hoosiers outscored the Sooners by 13 in the 2nd half, Oklahoma was coached by Kelvin Sampson, who later in his career would succeed Davis as IU head coach. April 1,2002 Maryland 64, Indiana 52 The Maryland Terrapins completed the task they set out to do one year earlier by defeating the Indiana Hoosiers 64-52. Maryland led virtually the entire game except for a point with 9,52 left in the basketball game when Indiana took a 44-42 lead. Maryland answered the Hoosier run and ended the game with a 22-8 run to bring home the schools first, senior Juan Dixon was named the tournaments Most Outstanding Player. ESPN broadcast the game, then turned coverage over to CBS Sports for the remaining 63 games. They were carried on a basis until the Elite Eight
27.
2003 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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The 2003 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament involved 65 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of mens NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 18,2003, and ended with the game on April 7 in New Orleans. A total of 64 games were played, Texas was the only top seed to advance to the Final Four, the other three advanced as far as the Elite Eight but fell. Carmelo Anthony of Syracuse was named the tournaments Most Outstanding Player, Syracuse beat four Big 12 teams on its way to the title, Oklahoma State, Oklahoma, Texas, and Kansas. Those victories helped earn Boeheim the national title that had eluded him in 1987 and 1996, the 2003 play-in game was played on Tuesday, March 18, at the University of Dayton in Dayton, Ohio, as it had been since its inception in 2001. The semi-final games were held on April 5 and the final on April 7,2003, Syracuse opened up a comfortable 2nd half lead, but that was trimmed to four with just 1,08 remaining. However, freshman Gerry McNamara iced the game with clutch foul shooting in the final minutes, the win put Syracuse and coach Jim Boeheim one win away from their first ever National Championship. Texas was the last number one seed remaining in the tournament, Kansas 94, Marquette 61, Complete Game on YouTube The Kansas Jayhawks routed the Marquette Golden Eagles by 33 points, the fourth largest blowout in Final Four history. Keith Langford led the Jayhawks with 24 points, and Kirk Hinrich, like Boeheim, Kansas coach Roy Williams was just one win away from winning his first ever National Championship. In Jim Boeheims 27 years as coach at Syracuse his team had been to two Final Fours, and finished runner-up each time. Roy Williams, during his fifteen seasons as Kansas head coach, had reached the Final Four four times, Syracuse dominated with a hot shooting first half to lead by 11 at the break. Gerry McNamara connected on an impressive six three-pointers in the half, Kansas fought back to within 80–78 in the final minute and had a chance to tie after Hakim Warrick missed a pair of free throws in the final moments. Warrick, however, then blocked Michael Lees three point attempt with 0.7 seconds remaining on the game clock, after Kirk Hinrichs three-pointer at the buzzer went over the net, Syracuses victory gave them, and Jim Boeheim, their first ever national championship. Carmelo Anthony was named Most Outstanding Player with 21 points in the win, Syracuse also avenged a second-round loss to Kansas two years earlier. Originally, CBS Sports was to have shown all 63 games of the tournament following the opening round, however, because of the start of the Iraq war the night before, the afternoon games on Thursday and Friday were moved to ESPN while retaining CBS graphics and production. CBS News then joined other broadcast and non-broadcast outlets in showing extended news coverage, Thursday and Friday nights games were shown on CBS, albeit with frequent news updates. To make up for lost advertising revenue, a time slot was opened the following Sunday evening for more CBS telecasts. 2003 also marked the debut of Mega March Madness as a package on DirecTV
28.
2005 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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The 2005 NCAA Division I Mens Basketball Tournament involved 65 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of mens NCAA Division I college basketball. It began on March 15,2005, and ended with the game on April 4 at the Edward Jones Dome in St. Louis. North Carolina emerged as the champions for a fourth time. North Carolinas Sean May was named the tournaments Most Outstanding Player, coach Roy Williams won his first national championship. For the first time since 1999, when Weber State defeated North Carolina, a #13 seed, Vermont, advanced by defeating Syracuse in the first round and a #12 seed, Wisconsin-Milwaukee, advanced to the Sweet Sixteen in the Chicago region. A total of 65 teams entered the tournament, thirty of the teams earned automatic bids by winning their conference tournaments. The automatic bid of the Ivy League, which does not conduct a tournament, went to its regular season champion. The remaining 34 teams were granted at-large bids, which are extended by the NCAA Selection Committee. Two teams played a game, popularly called the play-in game. This game has played at the University of Dayton Arena in Dayton. All 64 teams were seeded 1 to 16 within their regionals, the Selection Committee seeded the entire field from 1 to 65. The 2005 regionals, along with their top seeds, are listed below, Chicago Regional Albuquerque Regional Syracuse Regional Austin Regional Each regional winner advanced to the Final Four, held April 2–4 in St. Louis. The 2005 play-in game was played on Tuesday, March 15, at the University of Dayton Arena in Dayton, Ohio, Louis, Missouri, hosted by the Missouri Valley Conference. The semi-final games were held on April 2 and the final on April 4,2005, Nevada 61, Texas 57 Down 57–53 with 2,24 to play, the Wolf Pack of Nevada came from behind to win despite a sub-par game from star Nick Fazekas. March 17, Wolstein Center, Cleveland Milwaukee 83, Alabama 73 The Horizon League champion Panthers pulled the upset behind 21 points apiece from Ed McCants and Joah Tucker. March 17, Taco Bell Arena, Boise UAB82, LSU68 UAB led throughout with Marvett McDonald scoring 21 points, Arizona 66, Utah State 53 Arizona started slow, but secured the win led by Channing Frye and Salim Stoudamire each scoring 17 points. March 18, Ford Center, Oklahoma City Southern Illinois 65, Oklahoma State 63, SE Louisiana 50 Oklahoma State jumped out to a 9-point halftime lead and built on it from there behind Ivan McFarlins 18 points. March 17, Taco Bell Arena, Boise Washington 88, Montana 77 Top-seeded Washington easily advanced, Pacific 79, Pittsburgh 71 Pacific nearly squandered a 15-point lead, letting Pittsburgh get within 5, but hung on to advance behind 17 from Christian Maraker and 15 from Mike Webb
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2006 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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It began on March 14,2006, and concluded on April 3 at the RCA Dome in Indianapolis, Indiana. None of the Tournaments top seeds advanced to the Final Four, for the second time in history, a team seeded 11th advanced to the Final Four as George Mason of the Colonial Athletic Association won the Washington, D. C. region. Florida won their first ever national championship by defeating UCLA 73–57 in the final game. Floridas Joakim Noah was named the Most Outstanding Player of the NCAA Tournament, George Masons run was one of several upsets by lower-seeded teams in the tournament. For the second year, a No.14 seed beat a No.3 seed as Northwestern State defeated Iowa. No.13 seed Bradley also defeated No.4 seed Kansas, 5-seeded Pittsburgh in the Second Round. Two No.12 seeds won as well, as Montana, for the second straight year, Milwaukee won as a double-digit seed, this time as the No. 11-seeded Panthers defeated Oklahoma in the First Round, a total of 65 teams were selected to participate in the tournament. Of that total,31 of the teams earned automatic bids by winning their conference tournaments, penn earned an automatic bid by winning the regular-season title of the Ivy League, which did not conduct a conference tournament. The remaining 34 teams were granted at-large bids, which are extended by the NCAA Selection Committee, monmouth defeated Hampton, 71–49, to advance to play Villanova. All teams were seeded from 1 to 16 within their regions, the Selection Committee seeded the entire field from 1 to 65. In a practice used since 2004, the ranking of the four top seeds against each other would determine the pairings in the Final Four, the top overall seed would be seeded to play the fourth overall seed in the national semifinals, should both teams advance that far. In 2006, these rankings were as follows, No.1 Duke, No.2 Connecticut, No.3 Villanova, the four regionals were officially named after the four host cities, a practice which also began in 2004. However, in 2007, the NCAA returned to naming regionals by their geographic location, *Opening Round participants – Number of asterisks denotes number of overtimes. Winner advances to Minneapolis Regional vs, *Monmouth University won the Opening Round game. The America East, Atlantic Sun, Big South, Big West, Ivy, MAAC, MAC, MEAC, Ohio Valley, SoCon, SWAC, Mid-Continent, and Sun Belt conferences all went 0–1. The columns R32, S16, E8, F4, and CG respectively stand for the Round of 32, Sweet Sixteen, Elite Eight, Final Four, and Championship Game. Both George Mason and LSU would fail to receive a bid to either the NCAA Tournament or the NIT, George Mason became the first team from a mid-major conference to reach the Final Four since the UNLVs loss to Duke in 1991
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2008 College Basketball Invitational
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Tulsa center Jerome Jordan was the tournament MVP. The CBI was the first newly created post-season tournament since the Collegiate Commissioners Association Tournament in 1974, the opening round was played on March 18 and 19,2008 with the second round being played on March 24 and the semifinals on March 26. The championship was a series with games being played on March 31, April 2. The bracketing was done in East, West, South and Midwest regions, following the quarterfinals, the teams were reseeded. Besides Tulsa and Bradley, Brown, Cincinnati, Houston, Miami, Nevada, Old Dominion, Ohio, Richmond, Rider, Utah, UTEP, Valparaiso, Virginia, new Mexico State turned down a CBI bid for financial reasons. Alabama, Seton Hall, Texas Tech, and Wake Forest turned down invitations as well for various reasons. 2008 NAIA Mens Division I Basketball Tournament
