Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with abstract systems, known as algebraic structures, and the manipulation of expressions within those systems. It is a generalization of arithmetic that
The word algebra comes from the title of al-Khwarizmi's book Al-Jabr.
The Rhind Mathematical Papyrus from ancient Egypt, dated c. 1650 BCE, is one of the earliest documents discussing algebraic problems.
An imaginary portrait of Al-Khwarizmi, derived from a Soviet stamp
Garrett Birkhoff developed many of the foundational concepts of universal algebra.
Mathematics is a field of knowledge concerned with abstract concepts such as numbers, geometric shapes, sets, functions, and probabilities. It uses logical reasoning and proof to study and establish t
Algebra
…Algebra is a branch of mathematics that deals with abstract systems, known as algebraic structures, and the manipulation of expressions within those systems. It is a generalization of…
Illuminated letter P at the beginning of Adelard of Bath's translation of Euclid's Elements, which starts "Punctum est illud cui pars non est" ('A point is that which has no part'). Geometry is shown personified as a woman, following Martianus Capella's De nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii.
This is the Ulam spiral, which illustrates the distribution of prime numbers. The dark diagonal lines in the spiral hint at the hypothesized approximate independence between being prime and being a value of a quadratic polynomial, a conjecture now known as Hardy and Littlewood's Conjecture F.
On the surface of a sphere, Euclidean geometry only applies as a local approximation. For larger scales the sum of the angles of a triangle is not equal to 180°.
Image of Problem 14 from the Egyptian Moscow Mathematical Papyrus. The problem includes a diagram indicating the dimensions of the truncated pyramid.