Alnico
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Alnico is a family of iron alloys which, in addition to iron, are composed primarily of aluminium, nickel, and cobalt, hence the acronym al-ni-co. They also include copper, and sometimes titanium. Aln
A "horseshoe magnet" made of Alnico 5, about 1 inch high. The metal bar (bottom) is a keeper, which is placed across the poles when the magnet is not in use. This helps to preserve the magnetization.
Alnico 5 magnet used in a magnetron tube in an early microwave oven. About 3 in (8 cm) long.
Advertisement by Jensen Radio Manufacturing Co. for Alnico 5 loudspeakers in 1945. As illustrated, Alnico 5 allowed a dramatic reduction in size and weight of magnet needed to produce a given flux, from 90 oz in 1930 to 4.6 oz.
Assortment of alnico magnets in 1956. Alnico 5, developed during World War 2, led to a new generation of compact permanent magnet motors and loudspeakers.
Maximum energy product
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In magnetics, the maximum energy product is an important figure-of-merit for the magnetic strength of magnetic materials used to make permanent magnets. It is often denoted max and is typically given
(BH)max can be graphically defined as the area of the largest rectangle that can drawn in the second quadrant of the B-H loop.