Alstom APS is a form of ground-level power supply for street trams and, potentially, other vehicles. APS was developed by Innorail, a subsidiary of Spie Enertrans, but was sold to Alstom when Spie was
Bordeaux tram using APS on route B near the Roustaing tram stop
A section of APS track showing the neutral sections at the end of the powered segments plus one of the insulating joint boxes, which mechanically and electrically join the APS rail segments
Track with APS under construction in Place Paul Doumer, Bordeaux
Alstom APS tracks on the CBD and South East Light Rail in Sydney
Conduit current collection is an obsolete system that was used by some electric tramways to pass current to streetcars via a "conduit", a small tunnel under the roadway. Modern systems fall under the
Alstom APS
…the power rail segments as the tram passes over them. At any time, two consecutive segments under the tram will be live. APS is different from the conduit current collection system, which was one of the first ways of supplying power to a tram system, as the latter involves burying a third and fourth rail in an underground…
Conduit for current collection between the rails of streetcars in Washington, D.C., 1939. Washington installed the system in 1895 and it remained in operation until 1962
Horse power giving way to conduit power in New York
Conduit tramcar 4 from Blackpool, on display at the National Tramway Museum
Abandoned conduit trackage at the Kingsway Tramway Subway in London