Amadeus Aba or Amade Aba was a Hungarian oligarch in the Kingdom of Hungary who ruled de facto independently the northern and north-eastern counties of the kingdom. He held the office of Palatine several times, he was judge royal twice, he was assassinated at the south gate in the city of Kassa by Saxon burghers. He was born as the son of David I, a member of the genus Aba, mentioned as "ispán" in contemporary sources and ancestor of the Berthóty family. Amadeus had three siblings, Palatine Finta, who had rebelled against the King in 1281, Judge royal Peter, a close ally of Amadeus and a daughter who married Simon from the Kacsics genus. Amadeus had a daughter from his unidentified wife, who had survived him; the eldest son was John. His other two sons, Nicholas III and David II were killed in the Battle of Rozgony. Amadeus' only daughter Catherine married Blessed Maurice Csák in 1301, who became a Dominican friar. Catherine joined to nuns at Margaret Island; this act angered Amadeus, who imprisoned Maurice in Buda for a short time, but released him.
Amadeus fought in the Battle of Marchfeld in the troops King Ladislaus IV of Hungary sent to King Rudolph I of Germany against King Ottokar II of Bohemia. In 1280, Aba became the head of Hermannstadt, i.e. the royal officer appointed to administer the Transylvanian Saxons. Following the dismissal of Finta as Palatine, he rebelled against Ladislaus in 1281; as Peter Aba was appointed Master of the treasury and there is no mention of Amadeus Aba, it is to be declared that only Finta rebelled against the king and not the whole Aba clan. King Ladislaus IV appointed Amadeus to the office of judge royal in 1283. In February 1285, he fought against the Mongols who were pillaging the north-eastern parts of the kingdom, he received land and special privileges in Poland from Wladyslaw Lokietek King of Poland, was referred to as Amadej in Polish. After 9 August 1288, Amadeus Aba became Palatine and he held the office for the first time until 1289 when he received the office of judge royal again, he rebelled against the king whose troops occupied one of his castles, Tokaj.
Following the king's death, Aba became the loyal supporter of King Andrew III of Hungary who appointed him Palatine. Although the king appointed a new Palatine in 1291, he still continued to use the title until his death, he was confirmed in the office several times by the kings. After 1297, Aba was among the most powerful supporters of King Andrew III and he made a formal alliance with the king and his other followers in the second half of 1298; when King Andrew III died, some of the powerful aristocrats became the supporters of Wenceslaus, the crown prince of Bohemia, while others, including Aba, supported the claim of Charles, a member of the Angevin dynasty. Charles laid siege to Buda, the capital of the kingdom, in September 1302, but Ivan Kőszegi relieved the town. Charles's charters show that he stayed in the southern parts of the kingdom during the next years, although he visited Amadeus Aba in the fortress of Gönc. In 1304, Scepusian Saxons and the citizens of Kassa supported by Wenceslaus unsuccessfully besieged Amadeus' centre, Gönc.
Wenceslaus left the kingdom, shortly afterwards, Aba concluded an agreement with Charles and Duke Rudolph III of Austria against Wenceslaus' father, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia. In 1304 and 1305, he gave military assistance to Duke Władysław of Cuiavia against King Wenceslaus II who had occupied Lesser Poland. Władysław resided in Gönc for several years; this case proves that Amadeus followed an independent foreign policy to the other oligarchs of the realm. As the Illuminated Chronicle notes, he considered Charles as his King "only with words but not with deeds". Amadeus Aba was present at the Assembly of Rákos where the participants confirmed Charles' claim for the throne. Charles was proclaimed king at the Assembly in Pest, in the presence of Aba. In 1308, he became the head of Szepes, he was present. Afterwards, he mediated between the king and Ladislaus Kán, the powerful Voivode of Transylvania who made a promise that he would transfer the Holy Crown of Hungary to the king. King Charles deprived him of his offices around May 1310, as Amadeus was mentioned as "former palatine" in a royal charter.
In the course of the year, Amadeus occupied several castles. He wanted to expand his influence over Kassa, but the citizens rebelled against him and they killed Amadeus in a skirmish on 5 September 1311. Two of his sons, Amadeus II and Dominic were captured and held hostage alongside other 45 family members and vassals. Amadeus and his brother, Finta inherited Nevicke from their father, where Amadeus had a castle built, they may have inherited Szokoly. His dominion developed in the course of the last decades of the 13th century. In 1288, King Ladislaus IV granted him the County Ung, thus he could hold the former royal possessions in the county until his death. Around 1300, he acquired Boldogkő Castle and Gönc he held Regéc. In 1310, he occupied Munkács. By 1311, Amadeus ruled Abaúj, Zemplén, Ung and Szep
Samba is a 2004 Indian Telugu-language action film directed by V. V. Vinayak; the movie stars Jr. NTR, Bhumika Chawla, Genelia D'Souza, Prakash Raj in the lead roles, while Vijayakumar, Sithara, Sukumari and Brahmaji play supporting roles; the movie deals with. The music was composed by Mani Sharma with cinematography by K. Ravindra Babu and editing by Gautham Raju; the film released on 9 June 2004. The Kannada film Mandya, with Darshan, had sequences lifted from this film; the movie was remade in Bangladesh as Ek Rokha starring Nodi. Dharmayya Naidu is an underworld kingpin. Hence, he wants to felicitate education in his Seema area by constructing schools, he realizes. Samba is Dharmayya Naidu's son. Pasupathi plays the game in such a way that Dharmayya Naidu is forced to give granite quarry as a dowry to Pasupathi's family, due to which Dharmayya Naidu's daughter commits suicide; when Samba comes to know the reason behind his sister's suicide, he occupies the quarry and kills Pasupathi's brothers.
Pasupathi kills everybody in Samba's house in retaliation. Samba and his nemesis Pasupathi take shelter in Kanchi and Amritsir as police ban them from entering AP for a year. Samba settles as a sari trader in Kanchi; the rest of the story is all about how he returns to Seema, takes vengeance against Pasupathi, starts serving in the educational field. Producer: Kodali Nani Director:: V. V. Vinayak Story: G. S. Rao Dialogues: Kona Venkat Cinematography: Rajan Kinagi Music: Mani Sharma Choreography: Prabhu Deva, Lawrence Raghavendra, Ashok Raj & Raja Sekhar The music was composed by Mani Sharma and released by Aditya Music. Samba on IMDb
The.416 Taylor is a rifle cartridge. According to Ken Waters in Pet Loads, it was created by Robert Chatfield-Taylor in the early 1970s, with the first rifle in this caliber being a factory barreled Winchester Model 70; the case is based on the.458 Winchester Magnum necked down to accept.416 caliber bullets. The.416 Taylor uses a.416 in bullet diameter. With maximum loads, the cartridge is capable of propelling a 400-grain bullet at an average of 2,350 ft/s from a 24 in barrel yielding a muzzle energy of 4,903 ft⋅lbf; the work on this caliber was done with an experimental factory Ruger Model 77. He reported that an absolute maximum load of certain listed powders would push a 400-grain bullet to 2,400 ft/s, thereby equaling the performance of the.416 Rigby. Waters reported that 400-grain bullets could exceed 2,600 ft/s when propelled by certain listed powders. Under normal hunting conditions, the Taylor cartridge is therefore capable of taking any of the largest and most dangerous game animals in the world.
Reports from various internet gunboards indicate that shooters and gunsmiths are rebarreling Browning BAR.338 Winchester Magnum rifles with.416 Taylor barrels thereby creating semi-automatic hunting rifles in a true dangerous game caliber. The cartridge was created to replace the magnum length.416 Rigby which at that time was nearly obsolete, with a cartridge that would fit into a standard length bolt-action rifle. The shorter action rifles are not only easier to carry in heavy cover, but make it more convenient to carry more ammunition; the advantages to cartridges in.416 inch bullet diameter are that they present the shooter with less recoil and flatter trajectory than the larger.458 caliber dangerous game rifles. They have more striking power and penetration than medium bores like the.375 H&H Magnum. The Taylor cartridge is a necked down.458 Winchester Magnum with no changes. They have the same shoulder angle as the.264 Winchester Magnum. The 416 Taylor was a SAAMI standardized cartridge, was offered as a standard production item by A-Square until it closed in 2011.
Viscount of Paço de Nespereira
The Viscount of Paço de Nespereira is a Portuguese title bestowed by King Luís I of Portugal in 1886 to a member of the Lobo Machado family, Gaspar de Sousa Lobo Machado, 9th Lord of Santão though the lordship of Paço de Nespereira was traditionally of held in the hands of the Amaral-Cardoso-de-Menezes clan. The lordship of Paço de Nespereira can be traced to the Middle Ages, to the Amaral-Cardoso-de-Menezes family. In 1538, King John III provided Pedro Cardoso do Amaral the hereditary title, to the contador-mor of the Kingdom, an agnate descendant of the royal family of the Kingdom of Leon; the hereditary seat of the Viscounts of Paço de Nespereira is the medieval Paço de Nespereira, an estate and gardens in the civil parish of Nespereira, municipality of Guimarães. It was only in the second half of the 16th century, the Paço de Nespereira began bearing the family shield over the main doorway. In 1886, the title of viscount of Paço de Nespereira was granted to Gaspar Lobo de Sousa Machado e Couros, married to heir to the Majorat, D.
Maria Amélia do Carmo de Menezes, daughter of the first Viscount of Pindela and D. Maria Amélia Barreto do Amaral. During the 19th century, the clan was the "first family" of Guimarães nobility, both because of its wealth and connections to the nobility of the region. In the beginning of the 19th century, Lord Fortunato do Amaral-Cardoso-de-Menezes fought on the side of King Miguel, during the Liberal Wars; this option induced him to marry his only daughter and heiress, Maria do Carmo, to the son of another leading noble of the region, the Viscount of Pindela. At the same time, the Lordship of Santão, in the municipality of Felgueiras, was one of the biggest estates in the region in the 14th century. Belonging to the Sousa clan by marriage, it became part of the Lobo Machado properties, by extent the family of the 1st Viscount of Paço de Nespereira. In addition, the Viscounts of Paço de Nespereira's residence in Braga is the Palace of Biscainhos, a monumental manor in the center of the city, in addition to the Palace of Lobo Machado in Guimarães and the estate of Proposto outside of Guimarães.
The Lobo Machado Palace, as well as the Santão estate were inherited by the younger son of the first viscount who inherited the title of Lord of Santão. Gaspar Lobo Machado, 1st Viscount of Paço de Nespereira, Lord of Santão, who as the leader of the Guimarães' nobility was created Viscount in 1886 by the King Luís I, he married heiress to the House of Paço de Nespereira. In order to preserve the position of the Lord of Paço de Nespereira's family, as there was no heir, the King created Viscount the husband of the granddaughter of the last Lord of Paço de Nespereira, Fortunato, he had three sons that included: Pedro Lobo Machado, and.
Professor Maria Leptin is a scientist working in developmental biology and immunology. She leads research groups at the Institute of Genetics, University of Cologne and at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory in Heidelberg. In 2010 she was appointed Director of the European Molecular Biology Organization. After completing her studies in mathematics and biology at the University of Bonn and the University of Heidelberg, Maria Leptin worked for her PhD at the Basel Institute for Immunology, studying B-lymphocyte activation under the supervision of Fritz Melchers. In 1984 she moved, as a post doctoral fellow, to the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK, where she started her research on position-specific integrins involved in the embryonic development of Drosophila, joining the laboratory of Michael Wilcox; this work laid the foundations for her future work in the field of molecular morphogenesis. In 1988, Maria Leptin was appointed as staff scientist at the same institution, she went to Pat O’Farrell's lab at the University of California, San Francisco, as a visiting scientist.
This was the occasion for her to begin studying gastrulation. After this experience Maria Leptin joined the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology in Tübingen, where, between 1989 and 1994, she worked as group leader. In 1994, Maria Leptin became Professor at the Institute of Genetics University of Cologne, where she still leads a research group. Subsequently, she had two more experiences abroad as a visiting Professor at the École Normale Supérieure, France and as visiting scientist at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK. In 2010 Professor Maria Leptin was appointed Director of the European Molecular Biology Organization, Heidelberg. At the same time, she established a research group in Heidelberg at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory; the group studies the development of complex cell shapes in the respiratory system of Drosophila and the role of RNA localisation in generating cell shape. Maria Leptin was the first woman to be appointed Director of EMBO, succeeding the previous EMBO directors Raymond Appleyard, John Tooze, Frank Gannon and Hermann Bujard.
“I am thrilled to continue the initiatives begun by previous directors that promote the molecular life sciences in Europe and worldwide,” said Maria Leptin upon her acceptance as the next Director of EMBO. “EMBO plays a vital role in representing biological research – a role made possible through the organization’s extensive networks of respected leaders across the many fields of molecular biology.” Maria Leptin's interest in biology dates back to high school years where she was taught by a "fantastic teacher, a skinny little old lady, original, enthusiastic." Her degree in maths and biology was meant to lead her into teaching. Maria Leptin decided to become a researcher while attending a practical at the University of Heidelberg, taught by scientists from the Basel Institute of Immunology. After her PhD in immunology Maria Leptin moved to development biology as a post doc, but had the chance to get back to immunology in her scientific career, her two research groups are now working on both fields
No. 52 Squadron is an aerobatic squadron of the Indian Air Force. It is based at Bidar Air Force Station; the squadron zwas formed in 2006. It is popularly known as the Surya Kiran Aerobatic Team. SKAT performs across the country as well as in China, the UK, Germany and Sri Lanka; the Surya Kirans were among the top three nine-aircraft aerobatics teams in the world, along with the British Red Arrows and the Canadian Snowbirds. Known as The Sharks, No 52 Squadron was established on 1 January 1986, is the youngest of IAF's fighter squadrons; the Sharks were used in MiG Operational Fighter Training. They were used in OAS role in 1996, before being'number-plated', in June 2005; the Squadron motto is "Sadaiv Sarvottam", which translates as "Always the Best". For its consistent performance since 1996, the Suryakiran was awarded Chief of the Air Staff’s Unit Citation on 8 October 2004, it is the first unit in the IAF to receive this award. 52 Squadron IAF was organized on 1 January 1986 at 16 Wing and equipped with T-77 aircraft.
Its primary role was air defence. However, during peacetime the Squadron was given the additional responsibility of conducting MOFT syllabus of young pilots; the Squadron moved to Bagdogra on January 1990. On 1 November 1996 the Squadron moved to 14 Wing at Chabua. Formation aerobatics has been a part of IAF aviation history; the Surya Kiran squadron was conceived in 1996 to serve as Ambassadors who would showcase the prowess of the Air Force's fighter pilots in precision aerobatic flying. The SKAT was a successor of the earlier display team, the'Thunderbolts', who performed in the early 1980s. Citing shortage of aircraft for training purposes, The IAF retired the Kirans soon after the 2011 Aero India display and announced that the Indian aerobatics team would regroup on the BAE Systems’ Hawk trainer aircraft