An anachronism is a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement, especially a juxtaposition of people, events, objects, language terms and customs from different time periods. The most common type
Orpheus, an Ancient Greek depicted with a violin (invented in the 16th century) rather than a lyre. A 17th-century painting by Cesare Gennari.
The Nuremberg Chronicle (1493) shows ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle in scholar's clothing of the book's time, 1,800 years too modern for Aristotle.
1723 depiction of the Irish High King Brian Boru (died 1014) showing him wearing plate armor (developed in the 15th century) and holding a coat of arms (only introduced after the late 1200s Anglo-Norman invasion). In the background is the green harp flag (first used in 1642) and the Comerford Crown, which dates from the Bronze Age.
Moldavians and Muntenians become Brothers: 19th-century flags in a 16th-century scene
Juxtaposition is an act or instance of placing two elements close together or side by side. This is often done in order to compare/contrast the two, to show similarities or differences, etc.
Anachronism
…An anachronism (from the Greek ἀνά ana, 'against' and χρόνος khronos, 'time') is a chronological inconsistency in some arrangement, especially a juxtaposition of people, events, objects, language terms and customs from different time periods. The most common type of anachronism is an object misplaced in time…
Juxtaposition of three sisters and the Three Sisters rock formation in Australia
A modern-style house contrasts with the older structures in the background in Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England in 2018