The April Uprising was an insurrection organised by the Bulgarians in the Ottoman Empire from April to May 1876. The rebellion was suppressed by irregular Ottoman bashi-bazouk units that engaged in indiscriminate slaughter of both rebels and non-combatants.
Rebel flag from Gorna Oryahovitsa. The text reads 'Свобода или смърть' (Freedom or Death).
The Batak massacre (1889), painted by Antoni Piotrowski.
The interior of the church in Batak two years after the bloody suppression of the April Uprising and the massacre of the inhabitants of the village. Photographer and exact date not known.
Januarius Aloysius MacGahan was an American journalist and war correspondent working for the New York Herald and the London Daily News. His articles describing the massacre of Bulgarian civilians by Turkish soldiers and irregular volunteers in 1876 created public outrage in Europe, and were a major factor in preventing Britain from supporting Turkey in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78, which led to Bulgaria gaining independence from the Ottoman Empire.
MacGahan's grave, identifying him as the "Liberator of Bulgaria". New Lexington Cemetery, in his hometown of New Lexington, Ohio
A monument of Januarius MacGahan in Elena, Bulgaria
A granite boulder with commemorative plaque in honor of Januarius MacGahan in Panagyurishte. The plaque reads: To the Memory of the Prominent American Humanist, Selfless Journalist and Friend of the Bulgarian People Januarius Aloysius MacGahan (1844-1878), from the Fellow Countrymen-Volunteers in the Peace Corps, 2002. (42°30.316′N 24°11.258′E / 42.505267°N 24.187633°E / 42.505267; 24.187633)