The Musée de l'Armée is a national military museum of France located at Les Invalides in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. It is served by Paris Métro stations Invalides, La Tour-Maubourg; the Musée de l'Armée was created in 1905 with the merger of the Musée d'Artillerie and the Musée Historique de l'Armée. The museum's seven main spaces and departments contain collections that span the period from antiquity through the 20th century; the Musée de l'Armée was created in 1905 with the merger of the Musée d'Artillerie and the Musée Historique de l'Armée. The Musée de l'artillerie was founded in 1795 in the aftermath of the French Revolution, expanded under Napoleon, it was moved into the Hôtel des Invalides in 1871 following the Franco-Prussian War and the proclamation of the Third Republic. Another institution called the Musée historique de l'Armée was created in 1896 following the Paris World Fair; the two institutions merged in 1905 within the space of the former Musée de l'Artillerie. Today, it holds 500,000 artifacts, including weapons, artillery, uniforms and paintings, exhibited in an area of 12,000 m².
The permanent collections are organised into "historical collections", representing a chronological tour from ancient times through the end of World War II. In March 1878, the museum hosted an "ethnographic exhibition", as it was called, which represented the main "types" of Oceania, America and Africa. Dummies representing people from the colonies, along with weapons and equipment, were the main attraction; the exhibit, organised by Colonel Le Clerc, attempted to demonstrate theories of unilineal evolution, putting the European man at the apex of human history. Parts of this collection began to be transferred to the Ethnographic Museum of the Trocadéro in 1910 and in 1917. All remnants were transferred after the Second World War; the Musée de l'Armée has identified 24 aesthetic and symbolic "treasures," which are all linked to French military history from the late Middle Ages through to World War II. They include weapons, works of arts and technology; the museum consists of six main spaces. The Main Courtyard is the centre of the Hôtel National des Invalides and displays a large part of the artillery collections, gathered during the French Revolution.
The collection traces 200 years of the history of French field artillery and enables visitors to discover how the equipment was manufactured, its role and the history of great French artillerymen. Contains: 60 French classical bronze cannons A dozen howitzers and mortars The Musée de l'Armée has a rich ancient collection, which makes it one of the three largest arms museums in the world. Contains: The Royal Room: crown collections The Medieval Room: artifacts from the feudal army to the royal army The Louis XIII Room: the progress of the royal army) A Themed Arsenal Gallery An exhibit on Courtly Leisure Activities some rooms of antique and oriental armament This department covers the military, political and industrial history of France, reliving great battles, exploring the lives of soldiers, tracing the development of technologies and tactics. Contains: Privates' uniforms Luxury weapons and arms Equipment of numerous French and foreign regiments Illustrious figures, such as Napoleon Bonaparte and his marshals The contemporary department tells the story of the French Army from 1871 to 1945, the two great conflicts of the 20th century.
Contains: French and foreign uniforms, including some having belonged to illustrious military leaders Objects used by soldiers in daily life Prestige pieces: marshals' batons and ceremonial swords: Emblems and elements from personal archives: letters, etc. The Charles de Gaulle Monument is an interactive multimedia space dedicated to the work of Charles de Gaulle, the leader of the Free French Forces and founding President of the Fifth Republic. Contains: The Multi-Screen Room The Ring: "an overview of the century" projected onto a circular glass ring The Permanent Exhibition Three cabinets are dedicated to special collections. Contains: Artillery models from the 16th to 19th c. Military music instruments, selected among the 350 of the collection Military figurines, with 5000 toy soldiers displayed on a collection of 140000The Army museum is associated with four additional spaces: The museum is dedicated to the Ordre de la Libération, France's second national order after the Légion d'honneur, created in 1940 by General Charles de Gaulle, leader of the Free French Forces.
Contains three galleries: Free France Interior Resistance Deportation The Musée des Plans-Reliefs is a museum of military models located within the Musée de l'Armée. About 100 models, created between 1668 and 1870, are on display in the museum; the construction of models dates to 1668 when the Marquis de Louvois, minister of war to Louis XIV, began a collection of three-dimensional models of fortified cities for military purposes, kept growing until 1870 with the disappearance of fortifications bastionnées. In 1676, the Secretary of State for War, Marquis de Louvois, entrusted the young architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart with the construction of the chapel, which Libéral Bruant had been unable to complete; the architect designed a building which combined a royal chapel, the "Dôme des Invalides", a veterans' chapel. This way, the King and his soldiers could attend mass while entering the place of worship though different entrances, as prescribed by etiquette; this sep
Alang is a census town in Bhavnagar district in the Indian state of Gujarat. In the past three decades, its beaches have become a major worldwide centre for ship breaking; the longest ship built, Seawise Giant, was sailed to and beached here for demolition in December 2009. The shipyards at Alang recycle half of all ships salvaged around the world, it is considered the world's largest graveyard of ships. The yards are located on the Gulf of 50 km southeast of Bhavnagar. Large supertankers, car ferries, container ships, a dwindling number of ocean liners are beached during high tide, as the tide recedes, hundreds of manual laborers move onto the beach to dismantle each ship, salvaging what they can and reducing the rest to scrap; the salvage yards at Alang have generated controversy about working conditions, workers' living conditions, the impact on the environment. A major problem was that despite many serious work-related injuries, the nearest full service hospital was 50 km away in Bhavnagar.
In March 2019, a Multi-Speciality Hospital at Alang, Gujarat. was inaugurated by Shri Vijay Rupani, Hon'ble Chief Minister of Gujarat. This hospital setup by Gujarat Maritime Board will be operated by the Indian Red Cross Society, it will provide immediate medical services. Alang became the centre of an international controversy when the Supreme Court of India temporarily prohibited the French aircraft carrier Clemenceau from entering the port in January 2006. Attempts to reach a settlement were unsuccessful, Clemenceau was sent to a ship-breaking harbour in England instead; the governments of Japan and Gujarat have mutually agreed to upgrade the existing Alang shipyard. The two parties have signed a Memorandum of Understanding, which focuses on technology transfer and financial assistance from Japan to assist in the upgrading of operations at Alang to meet international standards; this is a part of the Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor, a larger partnership between the Japanese and Gujarat government.
Under this plan, Japan will address the environmental implications of ship breaking in Alang, will develop a marketing strategy. The project is to be carried out as a public-private partnership; the project's aim is to make this shipyard the largest International Maritime Organization-compliant ship recycling yard in the world. As of the 2001 Indian census, Alang had a population of 18,464. Males constitute 82% of the population and females 18%. Alang has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. 7% of the population is under 6 years of age. On the Road to Alang, a documentary on passenger ships scrapped at Alang, by Peter Knego in 2005. Shipbreakers, documentary on the industry in Alang, by Michael Kot. World War Z, a 2006 novel by Max Brooks, features Alang as a destination for refugees seeking to escape a zombie plague by sea. Mithi Virdi is a proposed site consisting of six reactors with a total capacity of 6,600 MW about 3 kilometres north of the ship breaking beach.
The proposed nuclear plant has faced heavy opposition from the local population. The area around the proposed plant is known for growing some of the highest quality Kesar Mango trees. List of Indian companies Ship-Submarine recycling program
Kaya Mudzi Muvya is a coastal lowland dry deciduous forest in Kilifi County of southern Kenya. It became a World Heritage Site in 2008. A large portion of the forest is an area protected by the Kenya Forest Service under The Forests Act of 2005, as a national monument under the Antiquities and Monuments Act Cap 215; the forest is sacred to the local Mijikenda people, known as the Rabai. The forest has suffered deprevation over the past hundred years. Among the Mijikenda the forest is their home; each group has sacred forest. Kaya means sacred forest; the Kaya Mudzi Muvya was one of the three kaya of the Rabai people. Traditionally they lived in the forest. Nonetheless, the kaya plays an important role in the lives of the Rabai, as the home of their ancestral spirits and the locus for various ceremonies; the forest provides the source for various traditional herbs. Actual ritual places are considered private and are closed to the public, but a replica has been constructed in Rabai as part of an ecotourism project
Fushë Kosova railway station is a station in the town of Fushë Kosova, Kosovo. It is headquarters of Kosovo Railways; the station is in Pristina District. In September 1999, after the Kosovo War, the Kosovo Train for Life arrived at Kosovo Polje station, carrying 400 tonnes of aid, having traveled all the away from the United Kingdom, through the Channel Tunnel, via France, Germany, the Czech Republic and Hungary, Bulgaria and Macedonia, hauled by a trio of British Rail Class 20 diesel locomotives
St. Louis College, is a Brazilian Catholic school located in the city of São Paulo, it was founded by the Jesuits in 1867. The school has classes from kindergarten through high school. St. Louis College was the second college founded in Brazil by the Society of Jesus after the society's suppression. Jesuit priests founded the school in Itu, São Paulo state, in 1867. In 1917, it was moved to the city of São Paulo. In 1943, the school opened a night school at the secondary level, accommodating 500 students from public schools, many of whom required financial aid. In 1948, one of the first economics schools in the city was opened moved to the Jesuit Centro Universitário da FEI. In 1972, the school began receiving a novelty among São Paulo schools at the time; the late 1990s saw the construction of Saint Aloysius Gonzaga Church next to the school, along with more classrooms and the extension of classes to kindergarten. Amyr Klink – explorer and sailor Ayrton Senna – racing driver Eduardo Suplicy – academic and politician Maria Fernanda Cândido – actress and model Paulo Maluf – politician Catholic Church in Brazil Education in Brazil List of schools in Brazil saoluis.org, the school's official website
Die hard is a phrase coined by Lieutenant-Colonel William Inglis of the 57th Regiment of Foot during the Battle of Albuera. Its original literal meaning has evolved to describe any person who will not be swayed from a belief, it is applied to right wing politics. The phrase die hard. During the battle, Lieutenant-Colonel William Inglis of the 57th Regiment of Foot was wounded by canister shot. Despite his injuries, Inglis refused to retire from the battle but remained with the regimental colours, encouraging his men with the words "Die hard 57th, die hard!" as they came under intense pressure from a French attack. The'Die Hards' subsequently became the West Middlesex’s regimental nickname; the term was used to deride several senior officers of the Army who sought to maintain the system bequeathed to them by the Duke of Wellington and who strenuously resisted military reforms enacted by Parliament starting in the late 1860s. In British politics the adjective "die-hard" was first used to describe those who, during the crisis caused by the Lords' rejection of David Lloyd George's "People's Budget" of 1909, refused to accept the diminution of the House of Lords' powers by the Parliament Act 1911, who held right wing views, most notably Richard Verney, 19th Baron Willoughby de Broke.
It was subsequently used to describe right-wing critics of Lloyd George's Coalition Government 1918-1922, several of whom had been die-hards before the War such as Leopold Maxse. There was at this time a "higher proportion of Irishmen in the Diehard group than in the rest of the parliamentary Conservative Party", it was revived to describe a grouping of members of the Conservative Party in the 1930s, including Henry Page Croft, prominent among both the earlier die-hards, who amongst other things refused to accept any moves towards Indian independence. But this time it included some who "did not share the general views of the right on other matters", such as Winston Churchill, a bête noire of the original die-hards; some of the die-hards, though not Churchill, flirted with Oswald Mosley's British Union of Fascists and/or supported Neville Chamberlain's policy of appeasement. The term is now used to describe any person who will not be swayed from a belief, was used as the title of the popular action movie series Die Hard, all starring Bruce Willis as police officer John McClane