An artery is a blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. Most arteries carry oxygenated blood; the effective arterial blood volume is that extracellular fluid. The arteries are part of the circulatory system, responsible for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to all cells, as well as the removal of carbon dioxide and waste products, the maintenance of optimum blood pH, the circulation of proteins and cells of the immune system; the anatomy of arteries can be separated into gross anatomy, at the macroscopic level, microanatomy, which must be studied with a microscope. The arterial system of the human body is divided into systemic arteries, carrying blood from the heart to the whole body, pulmonary arteries, carrying deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs; the outermost layer of an artery is known as the tunica externa known as tunica adventitia, is composed of collagen fibers and elastic tissue - with the largest arteries containing vasa vasorum. Most of the layers have a clear boundary between them, however the tunica externa has a boundary, ill-defined.
Its boundary is considered when it meets or touches the connective tissue. Inside this layer is the tunica media, or media, made up of smooth muscle cells, elastic tissue and collagen fibres; the innermost layer, in direct contact with the flow of blood, is the tunica intima called the intima. The elastic tissue allows the artery to fit through places in the body; this layer is made up of endothelial cells. The hollow internal cavity in which the blood flows is called the lumen. Arterial formation begins and ends when endothelial cells begin to express arterial specific genes, such as ephrin B2. Arteries form part of the circulatory system, they carry blood, oxygenated after it has been pumped from the heart. Coronary arteries aid the heart in pumping blood by sending oxygenated blood to the heart, allowing the muscles to function. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the tissues, except for pulmonary arteries, which carry blood to the lungs for oxygenation. There are two types of unique arteries.
The pulmonary artery carries blood from the heart to the lungs. It is unique because the blood in it is not "oxygenated", as it has not yet passed through the lungs; the other unique artery is the umbilical artery, which carries deoxygenated blood from a fetus to its mother. Arteries have a blood pressure higher than other parts of the circulatory system; the pressure in arteries varies during the cardiac cycle. It is lowest when heart relaxes; the variation in pressure produces a pulse, which can be felt in different areas of the body, such as the radial pulse. Arterioles have the greatest collective influence on both local blood flow and on overall blood pressure, they are the primary "adjustable nozzles" in the blood system, across which the greatest pressure drop occurs. The combination of heart output and systemic vascular resistance, which refers to the collective resistance of all of the body's arterioles, are the principal determinants of arterial blood pressure at any given moment. Arteries have narrow lumen diameter.
It consists of the three tunics: Tunica media and externa. Systemic arteries are the arteries, of the systemic circulation, the part of the cardiovascular system that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart, to the body, returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Systemic arteries can be subdivided into two types—muscular and elastic—according to the relative compositions of elastic and muscle tissue in their tunica media as well as their size and the makeup of the internal and external elastic lamina; the larger arteries are elastic and the smaller ones tend to be muscular. Systemic arteries deliver blood to the arterioles, to the capillaries, where nutrients and gases are exchanged. After travelling from the aorta, blood travels through peripheral arteries into smaller arteries called arterioles, to capillaries. Arterioles help in regulating blood pressure by the variable contraction of the smooth muscle of their walls, deliver blood to the capillaries; the aorta is the root systemic artery.
In humans, it receives blood directly from the left ventricle of the heart via the aortic valve. As the aorta branches, these arteries branch in turn, they become successively smaller in diameter, down to the arterioles; the arterioles supply capillaries. The first branches off of the aorta are the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle itself; these are followed by the branches off the aortic arch, namely the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid, the left subclavian arteries. The capillaries are part of the microcirculation; the microvessels have a width of a single cell in diameter to aid in the fast and easy diffusion of gases and nutrients to surrounding tissues. Capillaries have no smooth muscle surrounding them and have a diameter less than that
Naw-Rúz is the first day of the Baháʼí calendar year and one of nine holy days for adherents of the Baháʼí Faith. It occurs on the vernal equinox, on or near March 21. Nowruz and in contemporary times, is the celebration of the traditional Iranian new year holiday and is celebrated throughout the countries of the Middle East and Central Asia such as in Iran, Turkey, Armenia, Russia, Pakistan and Tajikistan Kurdistan. Since ancient times it has been a national holiday in Iran and was celebrated by more than one religious group; the Báb, the founder of Bábism, Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith, adopted the day as a holy day and associated it with the Most Great Name of God. The Báb, the founder of Bábi religion, instituted the Badíʻ calendar composed of 19 months, each of 19 days; the first month, the first day of each month, are both named Bahá, an Arabic word meaning splendour or glory. Thus Naw-Rúz, the first day of the year, is the day of Bahá in the month of Bahá; the day was called the Day of God by the Báb, was associated with He whom God shall make manifest, a messianic figure in the Báb's writings.
Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith, recognized as the messianic figure expected by the Báb, adopted the new calendar and the use of Naw-Rúz as a holy day. The day follows the Baháʼí month of fasting, he explained that Naw-Rúz was associated with the Most Great Name of God, was instituted as a festival for those who observed the fast; the symbolic notion of the renewal of time in each religious dispensation was made explicit by the writings of the Báb and Baháʼu'lláh and the calendar and the new year made this spiritual metaphor more concrete. ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, Baháʼu'lláh's son and successor, explained that significance of Naw-Rúz in terms of spring and the new life it brings. He explained that the equinox is a symbol of the Manifestations of God, who include Jesus, the Báb and Baháʼu'lláh among others, the message that they proclaim is like a spiritual springtime, that Naw-Rúz is used to commemorate it. Baháʼu'lláh, in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, defines Naw-Rúz as the day on which the vernal equinox occurs.
The exact timing of Naw-Rúz for Baháʼís worldwide depends on the choice of a particular spot on the Earth and was left to the Universal House of Justice, the governing body of the Baháʼís to decide. In 2014, the Universal House of Justice chose Tehran as the particular spot. Since Baháʼí days start at sundown, if the equinox occurs just before sunset, the day which started on the previous sunset is Naw-Rúz, thus Naw-Rúz could fall on either March 20, 21st or 22nd of the Gregorian calendar, though these dates are pre-calculated years in advance. All dates in the Baháʼí calendar are set in relation to Naw-Rúz and thus may shift on the Gregorian calendar by a day or two depending on the timing of the vernal equinox. Naw-Rúz is one of nine Baháʼí holy days where school must be suspended, it is a festive event observed with meetings for prayer and music and dancing. Since the new year ends the Baháʼí month of fasting the celebration is combined with a dinner; as with all Baháʼí holy days, there are few fixed rules for observing Naw-Rúz, Baháʼís all over the world celebrate it as a festive day, according to local custom.
Persian Baháʼís observe many of the Iranian customs associated with Nowruz such as the Haft Sîn, but American Baháʼí communities, for example, may have a potluck dinner, along with prayers and readings from Baháʼí scripture. Baháʼí World Centre. Days of Remembrance - Selections from the Writings of Baháʼu'lláh for Baháʼí Holy Days. Related documents on Baháʼí Library Online
Sleep Train Arena ARCO Arena and Power Balance Pavilion, is a defunct indoor arena located in Sacramento, United States. Opened in 1988, it was the home of the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association from 1988 to 2016, it hosted nearly 200 spectator events each year. The arena is named for The Sleep Train, a chain of mattress and bed retailers based in Rocklin that at the time of the agreement was a subsidiary of Mattress Firm, a Houston-based retailer that has since re-branded all Sleep Train stores as Mattress Firm; the original ARCO Arena, where the Kings played their home games for three seasons, after moving from Kansas City had a capacity of 10,333 seats. This arena was the home for the Sacramento Attack of the Arena Football League in 1992, their only season, the WNBA's Sacramento Monarchs until they folded in 2009 and the Sacramento River Rats of Roller Hockey International. Sleep Train Arena is located in a once isolated area on the expanding northern outskirts of the city.
It was constructed at a cost of just $40 million, the lowest of any venue in the NBA. It is the smallest arena in the NBA with a seating capacity of 17,317, has 30 luxury suites and 412 club seats, it can host such varied events as concerts, ice shows and monster truck rallies. At one time nearly two million spectators from throughout Northern California visited Sleep Train Arena in a year; the configuration for ice shows and ice hockey runs perpendicular to the basketball court with the normal sideline seating being retractable to allow for an international standard ice rink. In 2006, there was a campaign to build a new $600 million facility in downtown Sacramento, to be funded by a quarter cent sales tax increase over 15 years; the original namesake sponsor of the arena was ARCO. On March 19, 2007, the Maloof brothers announced a multi-year agreement extending the naming rights of ARCO Arena. ARCO's sponsorship agreement ran out in February 2011; the arena was renamed Power Balance Pavilion on March 1, 2011 for its new sponsor, Power Balance, a manufacturer of sports wristbands.
On October 15, 2012, the arena assumed its current name when The Sleep Train purchased the naming rights. The arena's center-hung scoreboard was designed as a joint venture between Panasonic and White Way Sign, it contained four LCD video screens plus enough room for two players' stats on each team. Sleep Train Arena was still in use until December 2016 though the Kings and major concerts moved to the new Golden 1 Center in October 2016. There are no immediate plans on what to land surrounding it; the last Kings home game at Sleep Train Arena was on April 9, 2016, a 114-112 win against the Oklahoma City Thunder. The last points scored in the arena were two free throws by the Kings' Rudy Gay with one second left to clinch the game for the Kings; the last ticketed event at Sleep Train Arena was the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus on September 19, 2016. The circus opened the arena back in 1988; the last planned event was Sacramento State's winter commencement ceremonies on December 17, 2016.
In November 2018, officials from the Sacramento Zoo have explored the possibility of moving the zoo to the 183-acre Sleep Train Arena site, citing the need for more space and the constraints of their current location at William Land Park. Though the arena is technically closed and seats in the upper bowl removed, it still hosts occasional events such as conferences and swap meets. Jehovah's Witnesses have used the arena for an extended stay in 2019. Sleep Train Arena has hosted several state high school basketball championship games; the arena has hosted NCAA Men's Basketball Tournaments multiple times and was the host site for the 2007 NCAA Volleyball Championships. Sleep Train Arena has hosted several WWE events including the 1993 Royal Rumble, Judgment Day 2001, The Bash in 2009. Sleep Train Arena has played host to four Ultimate Fighting Championship events: UFC 65, UFC 73, UFC on Fox: Johnson vs. Benavidez 2 and UFC 177; the arena hosted World Extreme Cagefighting's first pay-per-view event, WEC 48, on April 24, 2010.
It hosted the WEC's two biggest events WEC 34, Faber vs. Pulver 1, WEC 41, Brown vs. Faber 2, with an average of 1,300,500 viewers on Versus each, it hosted WEC. Other notable events include the five-day 1995 Billy Graham Greater Sacramento Crusade, which 177,000 people attended. A crowd of 47,500 people showed up on one night of the event, when Michael W. Smith was the musical guest. Sleep Train Arena hosts many graduation celebrations for local high schools; the arena has hosted a PBR Built Ford Tough Series bull riding event every year since 2005. ARCO Park is an unfinished multi-purpose stadium directly north of the arena; the original plan was to have a AAA minor-league baseball stadium adjacent to the basketball stadium. The stadium would have been capable of expansion to accommodate bot
The Antimenes Painter was an Attic vase painter of the black-figure style, active between circa 530 and 510 BC. The real name of the Antimenes Painter is not known, it is derived from the Kalos inscription on a hydria in the archaeological museum of Leyden. Of the 150 works ascribed to him, the majority are standard amphorae. Most works attributed, he is considered to have been connected with the workshop of Andokides. He depicted the current repertoire of his period: the adventures of Herakles and his companions, chariot scenes, he varies the themes, his compositions are described as organised. His distinctive motifs are rather idyllic including smaller figurines subsidiary to the main narrative. Examples are a well scene on the aforementioned Leyden hydria and a depiction of the olive harvest on an amphora in the British Museum at London, his drawing style resembles that of Psiax. Nonetheless, he continued to use the black-figure technique, it is hard to associated painters from the Antimenes Painter.
Some examples of his works are striking in the fine and expressive quality of the drawing. John Boardman: Schwarzfigurige Vasen aus Athen. Ein Handbuch, Mainz 1977, ISBN 3-8053-0233-9, p. 119f. Johannes Burow: Der Antimenesmaler, von Zabern, Mainz 1990 ISBN 3-8053-1029-3 The Getty Museum – Biography of the Antimenes Painter Johannes Burow. Der Antimenesmaler. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern, 1989. ISBN 3-8053-1029-3 Antimenes Painter in the German National Library catalogue
The Araripe Basin is a rift basin covering about 8,000 square kilometres, in Ceará, Piauí and Pernambuco states of northeastern Brazil. It is bounded by the Patos and Pernambuco lineaments, is situated east of the Parnaíba Basin, southwest of the Rio do Peixe Basin and northwest of the Tucano and Jatobá Basins; the basin has provided a variety of unique fossils in the Crato and Santana Formations and includes the Araripe Geopark, a member of the UNESCO Global Geoparks since 2006. The pterosaurs Araripesaurus and Araripedactylus, crocodylian Araripesuchus, the turtle Araripemys, amphibian Arariphrynus, the fish Araripelepidotes and the insect Araripenymphes were named after the basin; the bituminous shales of the Ipubi Formation in the Araripe Basin have potential for shale gas development. The tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Araripe Basin, located in the Borborema Geologic Province, encompasses four stages, with five tectonostratigraphic phases: 1) Syneclise phase - Silurian to Devonian - characterized by tectonic quiescence in the Borborema Province.
It is represented by the deposits of the Cariri Formation, that include medium to coarse-grained quartz sandstones, locally conglomeratic, deposited in large braided fluvial systems 2) Pre-rift phase - Tithonian - characterized by the mechanical subsidence due to lithosphere thinning that preceded the rift. It is represented by the Brejo Santo Formation, that comprises red shales and claystones, the Missão Velha Formation, constituted by medium to coarse-grained quartz-feldspathic sandstones, locally conglomeratic, that contains entire trunks and fragments of silicified wood conifer 3) Rift phase - Berriasian to Hauterivian - characterized by increasing mechanical subsidence that created a system of grabens and half grabens, it is represented by the Abaiara Formation, that includes shales, siltstones and conglomerates 4) Post-Rift I phase - Aptian to Albian - characterized by thermal subsidence. The lowermost unit Barbalha Formation, represents a fluviolacustrine phase and is composed of red and gray shales and claystones.
The Santana Group was formed during this stage and comprises three stratigraphic units: Crato Formation, composed of six intervals of laminated limestones, interbedded with calciferous siltstones and marls, is rich in fossils of vertebrate and invertebrate organisms Ipubi Formation, composed of organic-rich, black greenish bituminous shales and algal limestones that are interbedded with gypsum-anhydrite beds Romualdo Formation, that represents a calciferous siliciclastic succession composed of fine to medium-grained sandstones, argillaceous siltstones, calciferous shales, limestones rich in fossils. This formation recorded the marine proto-Atlantic incursion that involved the Araripe Basin, other interior basins and created a large seaway throughout the Borborema Province during the Albian5) Post-rift II phase - Albian to Cenomanian - characterized by a major sag phase, is formed by two stratigraphic units: Araripina Formation, that occurs in the western region of the basin and is composed by rhythmites and heterolithic layers of reddish and yellowish fine-grained sandstone and mudstone Exu Formation, that comprises medium-to coarse grained sandstones, fine grained clayey sandstones and local conglomeratic beds Chapada do Araripe Paraná Basin Santos Basin Assine, Mario L. 1992.
Análise estratigráfica da Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Geociências 22. 289–300. Accessed 2018-08-21. Bétard, François. 2017. Araripe Basin: A Major Geodiversity Hotspot in Brazil. Geoheritage _. 1–18. Accessed 2018-08-21. Fabin, Carlos E.. 2018. Stratigraphic Relations of the Ipubi Formation: Siliciclastic-Evaporitic Succession of the Araripe Basin. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 90. 2049–2071. Accessed 2018-10-05. Neto, João Adauto. Filho. 2013. Carbonaceous Shales in the Araripe Basin, NE Brazil: A Potential Shale Gas Reservoir, 1–7. AAPG Annual Convention and Exhibition. Accessed 2018-08-21. Ribeiro Oliveira, Gustavo. 2011. First turtle from the Ipubi Formation, Santana Group, Araripe Basin, Brazil. Revista Brasileira da Paleontologia 14. 61–66. Accessed 2018-08-21. Scherer, C. M.d. S.. F. Jardim de Sá. C. Córdoba. C. Sousa. M. Aquino, F. M. C. Cardoso. 2013. Tectono-Stratigraphic evolution of the upper Jurassic-Neocomian rift succession, Araripe Basin, Northeast Brazil. Journal of South American Geosciences _.
1–43. Accessed 2018-08-21. Aparecida dos Reis Polck, Márcia. 2015. Guia de identificação de peixes fósseis das Formações Crato e Santana da Bacia do Araripe, 1–74. Serviço Geológico do Brasil. Báez, A. M.. J. B. Moura, R. O. Gómez. 2009.. Cretaceous Research 30. 829–846. Missing accessdate Bechly, G. and V. N. Makarkin. 2016.. Cretaceous Research 58. 135–140. Missi
Vertical roller mill is a type of grinder used to grind materials into fine powder for use in mineral dressing processes, pyrotechnics and ceramics. It is an energy efficient alternative for a ball mill. Vertical roller mill is a kind of grinding machine for cement raw material, cement clinker and coal slag, it has the features of low cost of manufacture and use. Vertical roller mill has many different forms, but it works the same. All of these forms of machine come with a roller, roller along the track of the disc at the level of circular movement imposed by external grinding roller in the vertical pressure on the disc on the material being the joint action of compression and shear, to crush. Gebr. Pfeiffer, Polysius, Atox, F L Smidth, OK mill,Zhongya，HRM，Shanghai Zenith Material grinding process motor through reducer rotating drive disc, the material falls from the mill under the central entrance and exit, under the action of centrifugal force to the disc edge by the roller to move and the crushing, grinding out lap after the material was speed up the flow to and vertical mill with one of the separator, after the meal by the separator back to the mill, the re-grinding.
Established through the mill in the pneumatic conveying of materials, a larger air flow rate, which can use waste heat of gas, at the same time dry grinding operations. Used in cement grinding production grinding parts of its various forms, there is a cylinder, cone type, ball type, etc. and roller surface is flat, convex round noodles. Applied to the grinding roller to roller grinding along the track bed in close contact with the material strength of a spring pressure, etc, it has two pairs of grinding rollers, each pair of roller composed of two narrow rollers, mounted on the same axis and can rotate at different speeds. There are two circular disc slot, roller to the tire shape, work pressure in the tank. Disc roller and the relative sliding velocity between small and roller can swing if the roller sleeve and the disc after the liner wear can guarantee a good abrasive, will not affect the grinding effect. Roller symmetrical structure, one side can be upside down after wear. Material grinding process: hydraulic pneumatic roller device through the pressure applied to the material on the crushing of materials, the materials have been moved to crush the edge of disc, from the disc around the nozzle from the exhaust air to improve these materials to Separator.
Meal to separate returns after a concentrated mill, fine powder was collected in the precipitator unloading. In the gas flow is small, the meal can not be increased to enhance air flow, they would fall through the nozzle discharged outside the mill, bucket elevator to be transported to the feeder of vertical roller mill, was re-grinding mill feed people; this cycle features of the way there: ring by adjusting the air valve, can change the product fineness can Shide mill bed load material uniformity and stability, improving the grinding efficiency. Smaller footprints Can be erected on site. Low wear rate More grinding capacity than ball mill lower power consumption than ball mill + pregrinding Complex system Maintenance requirement are higher, In cement grinding, Practically need 2 times annually to re-weld roll and table due to excessive wear Higher overall cost