Atmospheric pressure known as barometric pressure, is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth. The standard atmosphere is a unit of pressure defined as 101,325 Pa, equivalent to 760 mm Hg, 29.9212 inches Hg, or 14.696 psi. The atm unit is equivalent to the mean sea-level atmospheric pressure on Earth, that is, the Earth's atmospheric pressure at sea level is 1 atm. In most circumstances, atmospheric pressure is approximated by the hydrostatic pressure caused by the weight of air above the measurement point; as elevation increases, there is less overlying atmospheric mass, so that atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing elevation. Pressure measures force per unit area, with SI units of Pascals. On average, a column of air with a cross-sectional area of 1 square centimetre, measured from mean sea level to the top of Earth's atmosphere, has a mass of about 1.03 kilogram and exerts a force or "weight" of about 10.1 newtons, resulting in a pressure of 10.1 N/cm2 or 101 kN/m2. A column of air with a cross-sectional area of 1 in2 would have a weight of about 14.7 lbf, resulting in a pressure of 14.7 lbf/in2.
Atmospheric pressure is caused by the gravitational attraction of the planet on the atmospheric gases above the surface, is a function of the mass of the planet, the radius of the surface, the amount and composition of the gases and their vertical distribution in the atmosphere. It is modified by the planetary rotation and local effects such as wind velocity, density variations due to temperature and variations in composition; the mean sea-level pressure is the atmospheric pressure at mean sea level. This is the atmospheric pressure given in weather reports on radio and newspapers or on the Internet; when barometers in the home are set to match the local weather reports, they measure pressure adjusted to sea level, not the actual local atmospheric pressure. The altimeter setting in aviation is an atmospheric pressure adjustment. Average sea-level pressure is 1013.25 mbar. In aviation, weather reports, QNH is transmitted around the world in millibars or hectopascals, except in the United States and Colombia where it is reported in inches of mercury.
The United States and Canada report sea-level pressure SLP, adjusted to sea level by a different method, in the remarks section, not in the internationally transmitted part of the code, in hectopascals or millibars. However, in Canada's public weather reports, sea level pressure is instead reported in kilopascals. In the US weather code remarks, three digits are all; the highest sea-level pressure on Earth occurs in Siberia, where the Siberian High attains a sea-level pressure above 1050 mbar, with record highs close to 1085 mbar. The lowest measurable sea-level pressure is found at the centers of tropical cyclones and tornadoes, with a record low of 870 mbar. Surface pressure is the atmospheric pressure at a location on Earth's surface, it is directly proportional to the mass of air over that location. For numerical reasons, atmospheric models such as general circulation models predict the nondimensional logarithm of surface pressure; the average value of surface pressure on Earth is 985 hPa.
This is in contrast to mean sea-level pressure, which involves the extrapolation of pressure to sea-level for locations above or below sea-level. The average pressure at mean sea-level in the International Standard Atmosphere is 1013.25 hPa, or 1 atmosphere, or 29.92 inches of mercury. Pressure and the acceleration due to gravity, are related by P = F/A = /A, where A is surface area. Atmospheric pressure is thus proportional to the weight per unit area of the atmospheric mass above that location. Pressure on Earth varies with the altitude of the surface. Pressure varies smoothly from the Earth's surface to the top of the mesosphere. Although the pressure changes with the weather, NASA has averaged the conditions for all parts of the earth year-round; as altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases. One can calculate the atmospheric pressure at a given altitude. Temperature and humidity affect the atmospheric pressure, it is necessary to know these to compute an accurate figure; the graph at right was developed for a temperature of 15 °C and a relative humidity of 0%.
At low altitudes above sea level, the pressure decreases by about 1.2 kPa for every 100 metres. For higher altitudes within the troposphere, the following equation relates atmospheric pressure p to altitude h: p = p 0 ⋅ g ⋅ M R 0 ⋅ L = p 0 ⋅ (
These United States is an American rock band from Brooklyn, New York, Carrboro, North Carolina, made up of songwriter and bandleader Jesse Elliott, pedal steel and electric guitarist J. Tom Hnatow and keyboardist Justin Craig and vocalist Anna Morsett, drummer and percussionist Aaron Latos; the band has released 5 full-length albums since 2008 via Colorado-based record label United Interests. In the five years since their formation, TUS has played 800 shows across the United States, United Kingdom, northern Europe, appearing at South by Southwest, CMJ Music Marathon, Lollapalooza in the U. S. and the UK's Glastonbury Festival. TUS' debut album, A Picture of the Three of Us at the Gate to the Garden of Eden, was recorded by Elliott and producer David Strackany in Elgin, IL, Iowa City, IA, Washington, D. C.. The album features musical cameos by a large supporting cast—notably, Saadat Awan, Dan D'Avella, Dave Hahn, early TUS collaborator Mark Charles, now of Vandaveer. Picture was mixed and mastered by Chad Clark of Beauty Pill and T.
J. Lipple of Aloha at Inner Ear Studios in Arlington, VA, released on March 4, 2008. Track'First Sight' had its UK debut on BBC Radio 6 on July 14, 2008, the album as a whole enjoyed favorable reviews from The Austin Chronicle, Alternative Press, The Village Voice, others. Crimes, the group's second album, was recorded in Lexington, KY at Shangri-La Studios, 6 weeks after the release of Picture, it was produced and mixed by Duane Lundy, with co-production by Rob Gordon and These United States, released on September 23, 2008. Paste Magazine, Pitchfork Media, National Public Radio, others praised the album despite its sonic departure from the group's debut; these United States recorded live sessions and interviews for All Things Considered, WOXY.com, as Crimes reached No. 30 on the College Music Journal Top 200 radio chart in late 2008. In February 2009, TUS recorded its third album, Everything Touches Everything, at Inner Ear Studios, with T. J. Lipple this time taking on the role of producer. Released September 1 of that year, the album proved TUS' most upbeat to date.
SPIN Magazine sang its praises, as Jon Pareles of The New York Times weighed in on the band's live show. Influential DJ and music writer Bruce Warren, of public radio station WXPN, called These United States'one of indie-rock's -- no, make that American rock's -- best kept secrets.'For its fourth full-length album, TUS worked at Sound Mine Recording in rural eastern Pennsylvania. The resulting 10 tracks, produced by Dan Wise and TUS' Justin Craig, featuring vocals by Dawn Landes, were released on July 20, 2010, as What Lasts; the accompanying album tour included supporting dates with Fruit Bats, Deer Tick, Langhorne Slim, Bonnie Prince Billy, continuing acclaim from The New York Times, Pop Matters, The Washington Post. Among its 180 live performances of the year were stops at Seattle's KEXP. In 2012, the group will release its 5th full-length album—the eponymously titled "These United States"—featuring contributions from Deer Tick, Langhorne Slim, Frontier Ruckus, The Mynabirds, Cotton Jones, Ben Sollee and Jukebox the Ghost, co-produced at Shangri-La Studios by Duane Lundy, Justin Craig, Jesse Elliott.
On October 11, 2012, frontman Jesse Elliott announced These United States' indefinite hiatus on the band's website. In his post, the band released a final, home-recorded track titled "I'll Bring You a Song." A Picture Of The Three Of Us At The Gate To The Garden Of Eden Track Listing Preface: Painless First Sight Kings & Aces The Business Jenni Anne Diving Boards Pointed At the Sky Burn This Bridge Sun Is Below & Above Remember Dear Slow Crows Over So High So Low So Wide So Long Only the Lonely Devil KnowsCrimes Track Listing West Won Susie at the Seashore Get Yourself Home Pleasure and Pain and Pride and Me We Go Down to That Corner Honor Amongst Thieves Six Fast Bullets Heaven Can Wait Study the Moon Those Low Country Girls Old John Chapman Takes a Good Long Walk When You're Traveling at the Speed of LightEverything Touches Everything Track Listing I Want You To Keep Everything Will It Ever Everything Touches Everything Night & the Revolution The Secret Door Conquest & Consequence I'm Gonna Assemble a City Good Bones The Important Thing End Good Night WishWhat Lasts Track Listing Nobody Can Tell Dug Him in the Dirt One You Believe The Great Rivers Just This Life&Death She&I Ever Make You Mine What Do You Want With My Heart?
What Lasts Water & WheatThese United States Track Listing Dead & Gone Born Young Let the River In Miss Underground Maps Two Gods Not Gone Tonight So Sweet to Be Back The Angel's Share The Park Vince Never Stop Falling Official These United States Website These United States on Facebook These United States on T
Phyoe Phyoe Aung is a student activist and former political prisoner from Burma. Her father is an activist and was arrested and sentenced for long prison terms under the military regime, she was one year old when her father was arrested and sentenced for 20 years in 1989. Phyoe Phyoe Aung went into hiding, she worked together with her father in collecting the bodies for burial after Cyclone Nargis hit the Delta Region in May 2008. Both were arrested with others during their trip back to Yangon, she was sentenced for 4 years in prison by the military junta in June 2008. She was studying civil engineering at that time, she was released from Mawlamyaing Prison in October 2011 and became the general secretary of the All Burma Federation of Student Unions and a member of the Democratic Education Movement Leading Committee at the age of 27. She became a prominent leader of education reform campaign in 2014-15, she was one of the leaders of students marching from Mandalay to Yangon to protest the new National Education Bill, the protest was violently suppressed by the Myanmar Police Force in Letpadan Township on 10 March 2015.
She attended sequel of meetings with Ministers and various stakeholders to discuss education bill and reform at Yangon, after which she was arrested. Her courage was praised by former American President George W. Bush, she received the Citizen of Burma Award for 2015. Amnesty International has declared her a prisoner of conscience, she was released in April 2016
Events from the 1660s in Canada. 1649-64: the Beaver Wars: Encouraged by the English, the need for more beaver for trade, Haudenosee make war on Hurons, Neutrals, Ottawa and Miami, members of the Mahican confederation. English, pleased with this, agree to 2-Row Wampum Peace treaty, 1680. 1660s-1670s French compete with Hudson's Bay Company and British fur traders out of New York. 1660-64: In 1660, Dutch governor-general Peter Stuyvesant decides to hold Indian children hostage for the behavior of angry tribespeople. Hostages sold into Caribbean plantation slavery. 1660: English Navigation Act prohibits foreigners from trading with English colonies. 1660: Adam Dollard des Ormeaux and about sixty others withstand an attack by over 500 Iroquois at Long Sault. It is traditionally said that the small party fights so well that the Iroquois decide not to attack Montreal. 1663: The French Crown takes personal control of Canada from a private company, which becomes a royal province. Louis XIV's brilliant minister J. B.
Colbert reorganizes New France directly under royal authority. Administration is divided between a military governor and a more powerful intendant, both ruling from Quebec City but under orders from Paris; the fur trade is granted to the Company of the West Indies. 1663: New France has a population of about 2,000. 1663: Laval organizes the Seminaire du Québec, a college of theology which becomes Université Laval. 1664: The British invade and conquer the Dutch at New Amsterdam, renaming it New York. England gains control of New Netherland from the Dutch and become allies and trade partners with the Iroquois. 1664: Hans Bernhardt is the first recorded German immigrant. 1665-72: Jean Talon, the first intendant of New France, sets out to establish New France as a prosperous, expanding colony rivaling the thriving English colonies to the south. He invites many new settlers, including young women, he tries to diversify the economy beyond furs and to build trade with Acadia and the West Indies. Talon is recalled, however.
1665: The Carignan-Salières Regiment is sent from France to Quebec to deal with the Iroquois. Many of its members stay on as settlers. 1666: The Carignan-Salières Regiment destroys five Mohawk villages leading to peace between the Iroquois and the French. 1667: First census of New France records 668 families, totalling 3,215 non-native inhabitants. 1667: France and the Netherlands sign the Breda Treaty in July and with this England gives Acadia to France. 1668-69: Pierre-Esprit Radisson and Medard Chouart, sieur de Groseilliers, explore west of the St. Lawrence River as far as Lake Superior, plus the Hudson Bay region, for England. 1668: The Carignan-Salières regiment is recalled to France, but several hundred choose to remain behind, many in return for local seigneuries. 1669: HBC Ft. Charles, at foot of James Bay, becomes Ft. Rupert. List of years in Canada
Maryland Route 212 is a state highway in the U. S. state of Maryland. The highway runs 10.43 miles from the District of Columbia boundary in Chillum north and east to U. S. Route 1 near Beltsville. MD 212 connects the northern Prince George's County communities of Chillum, Langley Park, Hillandale and Beltsville; the highway was constructed from Washington to Adelphi in the early 1910s and extended north through Adelphi to Hillandale in the early 1930s. A separate portion of MD 212 was built from west of US 1 through Beltsville to what is now MD 201 in the early 1930s; the route was expanded to a divided highway south of Langley Park in the early 1960s and at Interstate 95 in the early 1970s. MD 212's eastern terminus was relocated north of Beltsville after a series of county highways were upgraded and brought into the state highway system in the 2000s and early 2010s. MD 212 begins at the District of Columbia boundary at Eastern Avenue in Chillum. Riggs Road continues into Washington as a four-lane undivided highway to its southern end at North Capitol Street and Missouri Avenue.
MD 212 heads northeast along Riggs Road, a four-lane divided highway with bike and parking lanes. A short distance north of Eastern Avenue, the highway intersects Chillum Road, which heads east as MD 501. MD 212 expands to six lanes at its intersection with Sargent Road crosses Sligo Creek and intersects the Sligo Creek Trail shortly before its intersection with MD 410; the highway continues north into Langley Park and intersects MD 193. North of MD 193, MD 212 veers northeast and drops to two lanes. MD 212 crosses the Northwest Branch of the Anacostia River at the site of the historic Adelphi Mill; the highway intersects Metzerott Road and Adelphi Road and follows the edge of George Washington Cemetery as it passes through the community of Adelphi. MD 212 crosses over I-495 with no access and completes its Riggs Road section at Powder Mill Road in Hillandale; this intersection is located just east of the Prince George's–Montgomery county line. MD 212 continues northeast along Powder Mill Road, which passes the U.
S. Army Research crosses Paint Branch. MD 212 expands to four lanes south of its intersection with Cherry Hill Road in Calverton; the highway passes northwest of High Point High School before it becomes divided at Beltsville Drive just west of its cloverleaf interchange with I-95, within which it crosses Little Paint Branch. MD 212 temporarily expands to six lanes on either side of its intersection with Old Gunpowder Road and county-maintained Powder Mill Road on the western edge of Beltsville. A short distance southeast of the intersection, Powder Mill Road again becomes state maintained as MD 212A, which passes through the center of Beltsville. MD 212 continues east as a four-lane divided highway along Ammendale Road. Just east of Indian Creek, Ammendale Road turns south from the route toward the historic Ammendale Normal Institute; when Virginia Manor Road itself splits to the northeast as MD 206, MD 212 continues southeast along Ritz Way to its official eastern terminus at US 1 just west of CSX's Capital Subdivision rail line north of Beltsville.
MD 212 signage continues south along US 1 and east along MD 212A to MD 201. The first segment of modern MD 212 to be built as a modern road was Riggs Road from Washington to the Adelphi Mill, known as the Riggs Mill; the 14-foot-wide macadam road was built in two sections, the first one from Ager Road near the modern MD 410 intersection to Northwest Branch opposite the Riggs Mill by 1910. The second segment was completed from Ager Road to the District of Columbia in 1911. A third section of the road was built as a 14-foot-wide concrete road from the south side of Northwest Branch to Metzerott Road in Adelphi between 1916 and 1919. Another section of concrete road was added to MD 212 from Metzerott Road to the north end of George Washington Cemetery in 1929 and 1930; the state highway was extended to Powder Mill Road by 1933. MD 212 was extended northeast along Powder Mill Road to between Paint Branch in 1933 and 1934; the portion of MD 212 through Beltsville was constructed as MD 433. The highway was built as a macadam road from US 1 southeast to the entrance to the U.
S. Department of Agriculture's Beltsville Agricultural Research Center at what is now MD 201 and as a concrete road from US 1 northwest to Old Gunpowder Road between 1930 and 1933; the highway followed a straight path, using what are today Cook Road and Prince Georges Avenue east and west of its at-grade Baltimore & Ohio Railroad crossing, respectively. The highway's bridge across the railroad in Beltsville was completed in 1937; the approach roads to the railroad crossing, which were surfaced with 22-foot-wide concrete, were completed in 1939. The gap in Powder Mill Road between Paint Branch and Old Gunpowder Road was filled in 1942, including a bridge across Little Paint Branch. In addition, the highway from US 1 to Old Gunpowder Road was widened with a pair of 3-foot-wide shoulders. MD 212 was extended east to its present terminus by 1946. MD 212 was widened to 24 feet from the District of Columbia to Northwest Branch between 1950 and 1952; this stretch was expanded to a multi-lane divided highway from Washington to MD 193 between 1961 and 1963.
MD 212 was expanded to a divided highway from Beltsville Drive to Old Gunpowder Road when the I-95 interchange was built in 1971. The project to relocate MD 2
Liu Qing or Jean Liu, is a Chinese business executive. Liu is the President of China's largest mobile transportation platform, she worked at Goldman Sachs Asia for 12 years, becoming a managing director in 2012, before switching to Didi Dache serving as its chief operating officer in July 2014. After joining Didi Dache, she led the strategic merger between Didi Dache and its main competitor Kuaidi Dache which created a new car hailing company named Didi Kuaidi in 2015. Liu was born in 1978 in China, she is the daughter of Chinese businessman and Lenovo founder Liu Chuanzhi, the granddaughter of Liu Gushu, a senior executive banker at the Bank of China. She received a bachelor's degree in Computer Science at Peking University, a master's degree in Computer Science at Harvard University, she received an honorary Doctor of Commercial Science from New York University. Liu lives in Beijing with her family. In October 2015, Liu announced internally that she was being treated for breast cancer at the age of 37.
In early December 2015, she posted on her Weibo that she would return to work by the end of December after a two-month treatment. According to DiDi, she is now fine and "has been in all-in mode for quite some time". After being named one of the "50 Most Powerful Moms of 2016" by Working Mother, Liu spoke about how she balanced working for DiDi with her relationship with her three kids. 2018 China Entrepreneurs Magazine-China's Top 10 Business Women in 10 yearsForbes-2018 Forbes China Top 100 Businesswomen2017 TIME-The 100 Most Influential PeopleFortune-Most Powerful Women InternationalRecode-Recode 100Asia society-Asia Game ChangerForbes-The World's Most Powerful Women In Tech 2017Forbes China-2017 Forbes China 100 Top Businesswomen ListNikkei Asian Review-Agents of Change in 2017Leaders League-Seven Powerful Women in FinanceFortune-Most Powerful Women in ChinaFortune-40 Under 40 Time-The 20 Most Influential People in TechVanity Fair-New Establishment List2016 Financial Times-Women of the YearFortune-Most Powerful Women InternationalFortune-Most Powerful Women in ChinaFast Company-Most Creative People in BusinessWIRED-25 Geniuses Who Are Creating the Future of BusinessWorking Mother-50 Most Powerful MomsChina Entrepreneurs Magazine-Business Women of the YearWIRED-The WIRED 100Vanity Fair-New Establishment List2015 Fortune China-Most Influential Business WomenWomen in China-Most Influential Women in ChinaForbes-Asia's 12 Power Businesswomen to WatchWorld Economic Forum-Young Global LeadersChina Entrepreneurs Magazine-China's Top Women Business LeadersFortune -40 Under 40 Fortune -40 Under 40 2013 China Entrepreneurs Magazine-China's Top Women Business Leaders Corporate Website of Didi Chuxing