1.
Edwardian Baroque architecture
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Edwardian Baroque is the Neo-Baroque architectural style of many public buildings built in the British Empire during the Edwardian era. Sir Edwin Lutyens was an exponent, designing many commercial buildings in what he termed the Grand Style during the later 1910s and 1920s. This period of British architectural history is considered a retrospective one. Some Edwardian Baroque buildings include details from sources, such as the Dutch gables of Norman Shaws Piccadilly Hotel in London
2.
Ports of Auckland
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Ports of Auckland Limited, the successor to the Auckland Harbour Board, is the Council-owned company administering Aucklands commercial freight and cruise ship harbour facilities. As the company all of the associated facilities in the Greater Auckland area. Auckland has two harbours, with an international container port in Auckland and a regional port in Onehunga. There is also an inland port serving the national reshipment trade, located in Wiri. In its facilities, the company employs the equivalent of 550 full-time staff and is in operation at all hours to allow for quick turnaround of cargo. The Port of Auckland is a container and international trade port on the Waitemata Harbour, lying on the central. The 55ha of wharves and storage areas are almost exclusively situated on reclaimed land, mostly in the former Commercial Bay, Official Bay and this land is now owned and administered by Councils Waterfront Auckland CCO. An easement around the edge wharf provides for emergency services and ship berthing Queens Wharf and this land is now owned and administered by Councils Waterfront Auckland CCO. The new cranes are the largest in New Zealand, weighing 1,250 tonnes each, standing 103 m high with a 56 m boom length, they are capable of lifting two 20-foot containers at once, with speeds of up to 150 m per minute. They were bought to provide the lifting capacity and reach for Post-Panamax ships. Their generators can provide power to refrigerated containers in case of power failure. The port has also upgraded most of the carrier fleet to the most modern version Noell Straddles. This second harbour is a facility near Onehunga on the Manukau Harbour. The Wharf and structure has been bought by NZTA for 17million Dollars for use on the East West Reading link. Much of the now port defunct trade due to the last Milburn Carriers visits means the area will be inaccessible as its used as a site for the next 5-7years. This will mean that proposed development by Panuku and Auckland city Council will be stalled as the area will be a construction site. Chelsea Wharf, in Birkenhead, North Shore City, not part of the current POAL facilities, serves the Chelsea Sugar Refinery, the nine hectares of the land were leased from POAL, but purchased by Chelsea in 1997. An inland port in South Auckland which functions as an exchange between the sea port and the national road and rail freight networks
3.
Heritage New Zealand
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Its current enabling legislation is the Heritage New Zealand Pouhere Taonga Act 2014. It is governed by a Board of Trustees, currently chaired by Shonagh Kenderdine, past chairs include Dame Anne Salmond. The head office is in Antrim House, Wellington, while regional and area offices are in Kerikeri, Auckland, Tauranga, Wellington, Christchurch and it publishes the quarterly magazine New Zealand Heritage. Buildings owned by Heritage New Zealand include the Mission House, the Stone Store, the Canterbury earthquakes of September 2010 and February 2011 resulted in damage to a number of historic buildings in Christchurch. Post-earthquake redevelopment has caused a significant loss of buildings in Christchurch. The Māori Heritage Council sits within the New Zealand Historic Places Trust and was established by the Historic Places Act 1993, as of 2013 Sir Tumu Te Heuheu is the Chair of the MHC
4.
Auckland
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Auckland is a city in the North Island of New Zealand. It is the most populous area in the country. Auckland has a population of 1,495,000, which constitutes 32 percent of New Zealands population, a diverse and multicultural city, Auckland is home to the largest Polynesian population in the world. It has also been called Ākarana, the Māori pronunciation of Auckland, the Auckland urban area ranges to Waiwera in the north, Kumeu in the northwest, and Runciman in the south. It is not contiguous, the section from Waiwera to Whangaparāoa Peninsula is separate from its nearest neighbouring suburb of Long Bay, the surrounding hills are covered in rainforest and the landscape is dotted with dozens of dormant volcanic cones. The central part of the area occupies a narrow isthmus between the Manukau Harbour on the Tasman Sea and the Waitemata Harbour on the Pacific Ocean. It is one of the few cities in the world to have harbours on two major bodies of water. The isthmus on which Auckland resides was first settled around 1350 and was valued for its rich, Māori population in the area is estimated to have peaked at 20,000 before the arrival of Europeans. After a British colony was established in 1840, the new Governor of New Zealand, William Hobson and he named the area Auckland for George Eden, Earl of Auckland, British First Lord of the Admiralty. It was replaced as the capital in 1865, but immigration to the new city stayed strong, today, Aucklands Central Business District is the major financial centre of New Zealand. Auckland is classified as a Beta World City because of its importance in finance, commerce, media, entertainment, arts, education and tourism. Aucklands landmarks such as the Auckland Art Gallery Toi o Tāmaki, the Harbour Bridge, the Sky Tower, the isthmus was settled by Māori around 1350, and was valued for its rich and fertile land. Many pā were created, mainly on the volcanic peaks, Māori population in the area is estimated to have been about 20,000 people before the arrival of Europeans. As a result, the region had relatively low numbers of Māori when European settlement of New Zealand began, there is, however, nothing to suggest that this was the result of a deliberate European policy. Auckland was officially declared New Zealands capital in 1841 and the transfer of the administration from Russell in the Bay of Islands was completed in 1842. However, even in 1840 Port Nicholson was seen as a choice for an administrative capital because of its proximity to the South Island. After losing its status as capital, Auckland remained the city of the Auckland Province until the provincial system was abolished in 1876. Each of the four settlements had about 800 settlers, the men being fully armed in case of emergency but spent nearly all their time breaking in the land and establishing roads
5.
Auckland City
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Auckland City was a local authority district governed by Auckland City Council. It was the part of Auckland urban area covering the isthmus, the core of Auckland City was the Auckland CBD, a major financial and commercial centre, surrounded by many suburbs. It lay within the wider Auckland Region, which was governed by Auckland Regional Council, Auckland City was the most populous district in the country, with a population of 450,000 at 30 June 2010. In 2009, Auckland was rated the fourth-best place to live in the world, the mainland part of Auckland City occupied the Auckland isthmus, also known as the Tāmaki isthmus. The Waitemata Harbour, which opens to the Hauraki Gulf, separated North Shore City from the isthmus, the Manukau Harbour, which opens to the Tasman Sea, separated Manukau City from the isthmus. The distance between the two harbours is particularly narrow at each end of the isthmus, a few kilometres to the southeast at Otahuhu, the Tamaki River, an arm of the Hauraki Gulf on the east coast, comes just 1200 metres from the Manukaus waters. Being part of the Auckland volcanic field, much of the isthmus is mantled with volcanic rocks and soils, many Hauraki Gulf islands were part of Auckland City. In November 1989, central government restructured local authorities throughout New Zealand, after substantial protests and legal challenges, Auckland City was merged with eight smaller local authorities to form a new Auckland City Council. The new Auckland City had double the population of the old, however, amalgamation, forced onto local authorities often against their will, was criticised to have led to less democracy and higher rates for the same services. A further restructuring and amalgamation brought all seven councils in the area, Auckland City was the most populous city of New Zealand. In 2010 it was made up of 188 ethnic groups, making it New Zealands most diverse city, and slightly more diverse than in 2007, when 185 ethnic groups had been counted. In 2010, the life expectancy was 83 years for women, over 2009 to the month of March, Auckland Citys unemployment rate increased to 5. 6%, compared to the overall New Zealand unemployment rate of 4. 5%. In addition the citys economic output declined by 2. 4%, however, over the last five years of its existence, Aucklands economic growth averaged 1. 4% each year, higher than the average of the region and the nation. In 2003 three of the ten largest companies in New Zealand were headquartered in Auckland City, many large corporations were housed within Auckland CBD, the central part of Auckland City. Air New Zealand has its headquarters, called The Hub, off Beaumont and Fanshawe Streets in the Western Reclamation. In September 2003 Air New Zealand was the one of the very largest corporations in New Zealand to have its headquarters within the Auckland CBD. These lists of suburbs are arranged electorally, by the wards, hobson Auckland CBD, Epsom, Greenlane, Newmarket, One Tree Hill, Parnell, Remuera, Mechanics Bay, Grafton, Newton. All of these cities except Hamburg are located around the Pacific Rim, Auckland waterfront A Complete Guide To Heraldry by A. C. Fox-Davies 1909
6.
North Shore, New Zealand
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North Shore is the part of the urban area of Auckland, New Zealand, located to the north of the Waitemata Harbour. The city had an population of 229,000 at 30 June 2010. The former city was also the fourth largest city in land, with an area of 129.81 square kilometres. It was also the most densely populated city in the country because, unlike other New Zealand cities, the North Shore has been administered by various councils over the years, in the most recent past the North Shore City Council. On 1 November 2010, North Shore City Council and the six local councils. The administrative area of North Shore City Council was bounded by Rodney District to the north, Waitemata Harbour to the south, the seat of the council was in Takapuna. The city was divided into three wards, Harbour, Northern and Central, and each ward is divided into two community boards. Inner suburbs include Milford, Takapuna, Belmont, Devonport, Bayswater, Northcote, Birkenhead, Highbury, Hillcrest, Glenfield, Wairau Valley, Westlake and Forrest Hill. Those here with an asterisk, along several other beaches on the Hauraki Gulf coast, are collectively known as East Coast Bays. By the 1950s, only about 50,000 people lived on the Shore, eventually the growth became significant enough for the North Shore to be considered a city in its own right, though densities remained still below what is typical south of the Harbour. All council services and facilities are now under authority of the Auckland Council, commuting within the North Shore itself can be done relatively easily, but those who commute to Auckland City and need to cross the Auckland Harbour Bridge face severe traffic congestion. The alternative route through western suburbs is also prone to traffic at peak times. Several options for new bridges and tunnels have been studied in depth, but at the moment, public transport has been upgraded in an attempt to reduce the citys car dependence. In 2003, there were indications that the stages of the busway project were generally regarded as a success. The North Shore City Council increased the number of facilities with more park and ride stations in Sunnynook, Smales Farm and these were completed in February 2008. In January 2009, the Northern Busway began trial runs featuring New Zealands first bus-dedicated roadway, a number of North Shore suburbs have a regular ferry service to Auckland City, including Devonport, Stanley Bay, Bayswater, Birkenhead. Others are planned for Takapuna and Browns Bay, the city was run by a 15-member council and mayor, democratically elected every three years using the First Past The Post voting system. The final mayor prior to 2010 amalgamation was Andrew Williams, the mayor was a strong critic of the Super City proposals which would see North Shore City amalgamated into a larger Auckland authority, Auckland Council
7.
Waitakere City
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Waitakere City is a former territorial authority district in the west of Auckland, New Zealand, which was governed by the Waitakere City Council from 1989 to 2010. It was New Zealands fifth largest city, with a growth of about 2%. In 2010 the council was amalgamated with other regional authorities into one new Auckland Council, the name Waitakere comes from the Waitakere River in the Waitakere Ranges and was applied to Waitakere County, which covered much of the later city. Before being settled by Europeans, the Māori iwi Te Kawerau a Maki, in the 1830s, European settlers started to arrive, concentrating on timber milling, kauri gum digging and flax milling, with brickworks and pottery industries following later. Suburbs like New Lynn, Glen Eden and Henderson grew to prominence in the following decades, in February 1993 the council developed the Greenprint as an Agenda 21 initiative and declared itself to be an eco-city. Waitakere City was formed by the amalgamation of Waitemata City with the boroughs of Henderson, New Lynn, there were just two mayors of Waitakere during its existence, Assid Corban from 1989 to 1992, and Bob Harvey from 1992 to 2010. On 1 November 2010, the Waitakere City Council was abolished, all council facilities and services were handed over to the new council. The elected Council consisted of the mayor and 14 councillors representing the four wards, each ward also had an elected community board that considered local issues. This urban ward contained the old Henderson borough as well as the suburbs of Glendene, Te Atatu South, there were 40,086 residents in 2001. It was located immediately to the west of Auckland city, some 10 kilometres from the city centre, along the shores of the Waitemata Harbour and its southwestern arm. Although this area was urban, it also had some farms and lifestyle blocks in the north. The ward contained the suburbs of Whenuapai, Hobsonville, West Harbour, Massey, Ranui and it had a population of 51,369 in the 2001 census. Centered on the old boroughs of New Lynn and Glen Eden, it contained the suburbs of Kelston, Green Bay, Titirangi, Kaurilands, Waima. The ward had a population of 49,845 in 2001, New Lynn Ward was to the south of Henderson Ward, and extended to the shore of the Manukau Harbour at its southern end. New Lynn itself is 10 kilometres southwest of Auckland city centre and this ward was by far the largest in area as it encompassed the sparsely populated Waitakere Ranges, as well as some of the urban fringes as the city expanded westward into former orchards and farms. The population of 27,450 in 2001 was the smallest of the wards, many of these had volunteer fire brigades to protect their communities from the summer bush fires. This ward lay to the west of the three wards, and extended to the north as well. Its northern end, around Muriwai, was the furthest part of Waitakere from Auckland city centre, Waitakere City developed retail and service sectors and light manufacturing
8.
Manukau
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Manukau, or Manukau Central, is a suburb of South Auckland, New Zealand, centred on the central business district. It is located 23 kilometres south of the Auckland CBD, west of the Southern Motorway, south of Papatoetoe, the industrial and commercial suburb of Wiri lies to the east and south. The headquarters of Manukau City Council were in Manukau Central until the council was merged into Auckland Council in November 2010, Manukau Central should not be confused with the much larger Manukau City, which was the entire area administered by the city council. The Manukau Central area was part of the rural area of Wiri in the early 20th century. Its transition from farmland was driven by Manukau City Council, which formed in 1965 and purchased land there in 1966 for the development of an administrative and commercial centre. The Manukau City Centre mall, now Westfield Manukau City, opened in October 1976, several government departments established offices in the late 1970s. In 1983 Manukau City Council decided to rename the area Manukau Central, the name Manukau City Centre has been used for the central business district around the mall and city council building. The Rainbows End theme park opened just south of the city centre in 1982, vodafone Events Centre, a multi-purpose event centre, is also opened in 2005 located at Manukau. Another shopping centre, Manukau Supa Centa, opened to the west of the city centre in 1998, Manukau Institute of Technology, which has its main campus at Ōtara, is building another campus at Manukau Central in 2014. The suburb is, since November 2010, in the Manukau ward, the Southwestern Motorway joins the Southern Motorway at Manukau Central. Eastern Line train services carry passengers between Manukau train station and central Aucklands Britomart Transport Centre, photographs of Manukau held in Auckland Libraries heritage collections
9.
Hauraki Gulf
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The Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana is a coastal feature of the North Island of New Zealand. It has an area of 4000 km², and lies between, in order, the Auckland Region, the Hauraki Plains, the Coromandel Peninsula. Most of the gulf is part of the Hauraki Gulf Marine Park, Hauraki is Māori for north wind. In 2014, the gulf was officially named Hauraki Gulf / Tīkapa Moana, the gulf is part of the Pacific Ocean, which it joins to the north and east. It is largely protected from the Pacific by Great Barrier Island and Little Barrier Island to the north and it is thus well protected against all but northern winds. Three large channels join the gulf to the Pacific, to the north of Auckland several peninsulas jut into the gulf, notably the Whangaparaoa Peninsula. Tiritiri Matangi Island is near the end of this peninsula, further north, Kawau Island nestles under the Tawharanui Peninsula. Numerous beaches dot the shores of the gulf, many of them known for swimming and surfing. During the last glaciation period the gulf was dry land, with the sea level being around 100–110 m lower than at present, the gulf was submerged when the sea reached its current level around 7200 years ago. In the west of the gulf lie a string of islands guarding the mouth of the Waitemata Harbour and these include Ponui Island, Waiheke Island, Tiritiri Matangi and the iconic dome of Rangitoto Island, which is connected to the much older Motutapu Island by a causeway. The islands are separated from the mainland by the Tamaki Strait, at the southern end of the gulf is the wide, relatively shallow Firth of Thames. Beyond this lie the Hauraki Plains, drained by the Waihou River, the Hunua Ranges and hills of the Coromandel Peninsula rise on either side of the Firth. There are approximately 25 species of mammals in the gulf. Nearly a third of the marine mammal species live in or visit the Marine Park. The population remaining is estimated to be between 100-200, in recent years, increases in numbers of migrating baleen whales are confirmed long after the end of hunting era. These are humpback whales, southern blue whales, pygmy blue whales, less frequently, fin whales and sei whales are seen as well. For southern right whales, these whales will possibly become seasonal residents in the gulf as the populations recover, many of the islands are official or unofficial bird sanctuaries, holding important or critically endangered species like kiwi, takahe, brown teal and grey-faced petrel. The gulf is a vibrant natural environment, which has seen significant damage during the 20th, particularly damaging were the introduction of industrialised fishing, with for example snapper fishing peaking in the 1970s at more than 10,000 tonnes a year
