The bandoneon is a type of concertina particularly popular in Argentina and Uruguay. It is a typical instrument in most tango ensembles. As with other members of the concertina family, it is held between the hands, and played by pulling and pushing air through bellows, routing it through sets of tuned metal reeds by pressing the instrument's buttons. Unlike most accordions, bandoneons always employ the same sets of reeds to produce their sound, and do not usually have the register switches common on accordions. Nevertheless, the bandoneon can be played very expressively, using various bellows pressures and other techniques.
Bandoneon
Early bandoneon, c. 1905
Alfred Arnold bandoneon, c. 1949
Ástor Piazzolla in 1971.
A concertina is a free-reed musical instrument, like the various accordions and the harmonica. It consists of expanding and contracting bellows, with buttons usually on both ends, unlike accordion buttons, which are on the front.
Wheatstone English concertina, produced c. 1920
English concertina disassembled, showing bellows, reedpan and buttons
Hayden Duet Concertina
Chemnitzer concertina made by Star Mfg., Cicero, Illinois, USA in 2000