Bharat Mata
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Bharat Mata is a national personification of India as a mother goddess and a symbol of Indian nationalism. She is commonly depicted wearing a red or saffron sari, sometimes holding the national flag,
Bharat Mata painting by Abanindranath Tagore
Cover of a 1909 issue of the Tamil magazine Vijaya showing "Bharat Mata"
Bharat Mata Mandir at Varanasi
Vande Mataram
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"Vande Mātaram" is a poem that was adopted as the national song of the Republic of India in 1950. It was written in Bengali by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in the 1870s, and was first published in 1882 a
Bharat Mata
…against the British Raj. The concept was later popularised by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his novel Anandamath (1882), which also introduced the slogan Vande Mataram, which became closely associated with Bharat Mata. Abanindranath Tagore painted an image of Banga Mata (Mother of Bengal) during the Swadeshi Movement…
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
Mahatma Gandhi supported the first two verses of Vande Mataram as a national song.
A rare painting of Indian national song, Vande Mataram, published in 1923